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32-899: In 1848, the first session of the Wisconsin Legislature provided for the distribution of federal arms and military equipment. Wisconsin Guard troops fought in the Civil War , the Spanish–American War , both the First and Second World Wars , and the Korean War . Guard members have been activated on numerous other occasions, including for the Berlin Crisis , the Persian Gulf War , peacekeeping operations in

64-598: A bill before it becomes law, and if each chamber approves the bill, the state's Governor will review it. If the Governor signs the bill, it passes into law, but if the Governor vetoes the bill, it will return to the legislature. It is possible for the legislature to override a veto and pass the bill into law itself, but this requires a two-thirds majority vote in both the Senate and the State Assembly . State law

96-496: A fear of domestic unrest caused by Confederate sympathizers, caused the Wisconsin Legislature and Governor Louis P. Harvey to create a legal framework for local militia companies to organize, drill, and serve as a home guard unit capable of handling state emergencies. During World War I , when the National Guard was federalized and deployed, the state of Wisconsin created a state guard of volunteers, officially titled

128-404: A quorum is needed to pass legislation on the floor of the chamber. Three-fifths of the members elected is the quorum necessary for passage or concurrence in either house of any fiscal bill. Proposals may not be introduced or offered unless they are put in proper form by the legislative reference staff if requested by members or members-elect of the legislature. Both houses of the legislature review

160-783: Is contained in the Wisconsin Constitution and the various statutes enacted by the legislature. The interpretation of state law and its application in specific cases are undertaken by the Wisconsin Supreme Court , based in Madison, Wisconsin . The law of the Menominee also applies within the Menominee Indian Reservation . The "Laws of Wisconsin" are published annually by the state's legislative reference bureau, "no later than

192-535: Is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Wisconsin . The legislature is a bicameral body composed of the upper house , Wisconsin State Senate , and the lower Wisconsin State Assembly , both of which have had Republican majorities since January 2011. With both houses combined, the legislature has 132 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. The legislature convenes at

224-613: The American Civil War was composed of a smaller professional army supported by various state militia volunteer units. Wisconsin provided multiple units to fight in the war. Initially, the War Department only requested one volunteer regiment from Wisconsin, leaving thousands of men eager to serve militarily but unable to enter the war until much later as the conflict continued longer than the federal government had anticipated. The desire of these men to serve, along with

256-975: The Red Arrow Brigade consists of three battalions of light infantry, one squadron of cavalry, as well as support and engineer units. The 157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade is based at Milwaukee, Wisconsin . It was formed from the inactivated 57th Field Artillery Brigade and 264th Engineer Group. The 64th Troop Command provides administrative, training and logistical support to unique, specialized or smaller Wisconsin Army National Guard units that are not part of other major deployable units. The command includes aviation, sustainment and support, personnel, CBRN, band, transportation, maintenance, public affairs, rear area operations command, and medical units. Wisconsin Legislature The Wisconsin Legislature

288-653: The state capitol in Madison . The current sitting is the 106th Wisconsin Legislature . The United States first organized Wisconsin in 1787 under the Northwest Ordinance after Great Britain yielded the land to them in the Treaty of Paris . It became the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and a U.S. state on May 29, 1848. The 1850s saw an influx of European immigrants. The legislature

320-494: The 64th Troop Command, headquartered at Madison ; and the 157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade , headquartered at Milwaukee, Wisconsin . In addition, the 426th Regiment (Regional Training Institute) is also active, heir to the traditions of the 426th Infantry Regiment. The 32nd Infantry Brigade is the largest unit in the Wisconsin National Guard . Formed in 1967 from the inactivated 32nd Infantry Division ,

352-836: The Balkans , and current operations in Afghanistan and Iraq . Called the State Militia until 1879, the Wisconsin National Guard was appointed by the first adjutant general of the Wisconsin Territory in 1839. The modern history of the division originated in the spring of 1861 with the 1st Battalion, 128th Infantry and the 2nd Regiment, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry . They were made up of independent companies recruited from throughout Wisconsin and

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384-597: The National Guard, the State Defense Force is a purely state-controlled organization and cannot be deployed outside the state of Wisconsin. When any part of the Wisconsin National Guard is called into service of the United States , the adjutant general (who is appointed by the governor) may recruit volunteers to the WSDF to serve within the borders of Wisconsin. The military of the United States during

416-877: The Second and Third Squadrons were formed as the First Wisconsin Cavalry, with units organized in various cities. Troop E commanded by Captain John S. Coney was formed in Kenosha on 10 May 1917, and the Wisconsin Cavalry was officially formed on 29 May 1917. Only two months later, the 32nd Division was activated in July 1917 at Camp MacArthur , Waco , Texas of National Guard units from Wisconsin and Michigan. Wisconsin furnished approximately 15,000 men, and another 8,000 troops came from Michigan. The division

448-580: The Senate . These high level positions reflect the party majority in both chambers. An amendment to the state constitution in 1979 removed the Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin as the presiding officer of the Senate, allowing Senators to vote within their ranks for a chamber president. Similarly, majority and minority leaders are also selected by party strength in the legislative houses and within their own respective caucus. Legislators in both

480-521: The Senate and the Assembly receive an annual salary of $ 55,141. Senators receive per diem of up to $ 115 to cover living expenses when they are in Dane County, Wisconsin on state business, unless their district is in Dane County , in which case they receive per diem of up to $ 57.50. Assembly members outside of Dane County receive overnight per diem up to $ 155. Otherwise, they receive $ 76.50 per diem,

512-516: The Senate is elected every two years. Prior to an amendment in the Wisconsin Constitution in 1881, Assembly members served a one-year term, while Senators were elected every two years. The 106th Wisconsin Legislature began on January 3, 2023. Members of both houses of the legislature vote within their ranks to select presiding officers, such as the Speaker of the Assembly and the President of

544-611: The United States declared war on Germany on 11 April 1917, the Wisconsin Adjutant General ordered the Milwaukee Troops to add a squadron, and Troop C and Troop D were added. The Guard units' Troop A and Troop B had been mustered out of Federal Service less than a year earlier on 20 October 1916 and 6 March 1917, respectively. The Adjutant General then directed the unit to add a new regiment, and

576-630: The Wisconsin Legislature, individuals must be a resident of the state for at least one year preceding his or her election and be a qualified elector in the district they are elected to represent. All 99 members of the Wisconsin Assembly are elected in a two-year term cycle without term limits . Similarly, all 33 members of the Wisconsin Senate are elected in a four year cycle, also without term limits. Half of

608-617: The Wisconsin National Guard was deployed abroad, the Wisconsin State Guard was organized to temporarily replace the Wisconsin National Guard as the designated militia of Wisconsin and to assume the duties of the National Guard units until the National Guard units returned. There are currently about 9,600 members in the Wisconsin National Guard. They reside in all of the state's 72 counties, ranging from fewer than ten in several lightly populated counties in

640-545: The Wisconsin State Guard. Members of the Wisconsin State Guard served solely as state soldiers, unlike members of the National Guard who had dual federal and state responsibilities. While the Wisconsin State Guard could not be federalized, individual members of the guard were still eligible to be drafted into federal service. Many of those who first served in the Wisconsin State Guard were inducted into

672-770: The end of each session". Wisconsin State Defense Force The Wisconsin State Defense Force (WSDF) is the currently inactive state defense force of the State of Wisconsin authorized by Wisconsin law. As a state defense force, the Wisconsin State Defense Force, alongside the Wisconsin National Guard , is organized under the Wisconsin Department of Military Affairs as a part of the military forces of Wisconsin. However, unlike

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704-459: The federal military at a higher rank than those enlisted who had not served any state duty. Unlike many other state defense forces, the Wisconsin State Guard was trained and equipped by the state of Wisconsin rather than relying on the War Department for donated surplus equipment. The Wisconsin State Guard consisted of several infantry regiments and drilled at National Guard bases across

736-526: The northeastern part of the state to about 1,100 each in Dane and Milwaukee counties. Over 600 live in other states, with 70 percent of those residing in Illinois and Minnesota . The approximately 7,400 Army Guard soldiers train in armories located in 67 communities throughout the state. Most of the units are assigned to one of three major commands: the 32nd Infantry Brigade , headquartered at Camp Douglas ;

768-429: The party maintained their overwhelming control of the legislature despite receiving fewer total votes. Congressional districts have been disputed since at least 2016. After Republican Governor Scott Walker then signed a redistricting plan, at least one U.S. court found the districts to be unconstitutional partisan gerrymandering . Other controversies include "prison gerrymandering," where prisons are counted towards

800-604: The population of a district despite its inmates coming from elsewhere. On December 22, 2023, the Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled in Clarke v. Wisconsin Elections Commission that the state legislative maps violated the contiguity requirement of Article IV, Sections 4 and 5 of the Constitution of Wisconsin . The Court ordered the legislature to draw new maps ahead of the 2024 Wisconsin elections . To serve in

832-843: The raiding Mexican General Pancho Villa during the Pancho Villa Expedition . Troop B was ordered to Camp Wilson near San Diego, California, and on arrival were assigned as the Divisional Headquarters Troop of the 12th Provisional Division until the final breaking up of that division. The 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Infantry Regiments were mustered into Federal service on 30 June 1916 for Mexican Border service. The Guard unit's Troop A and Troop B were mustered out of Federal Service on 20 October 1916 and 6 March 1917, respectively. The regiments were mustered out at Fort Sheridan , Illinois, on 19 January 1917 (1st), 28 February 1917 (2nd), and 14 December 1916 (3rd). When

864-478: The same rate as assembly members in Dane County. Legislators also receive $ 75 per month in "out-of-session" pay when the legislature is in session for three days or less. Over two years, each legislator is allotted $ 66,008 to cover general office expenses, printing, postage and district mailings. In both chambers of the Wisconsin Legislature, a quorum is defined as a majority of current members. The majority of

896-513: The state, including Camp Douglas . The Wisconsin State Guard was again called into service during World War II for homeland security purposes while the Wisconsin National Guard was deployed abroad. State defense forces are authorized by the federal government under Title 32, Section 109 of the United States Code . Wisconsin law also allows the governor to reactivate the Wisconsin State Defense Force at any time when any part of

928-560: Was dominated alternately by two political parties in its first century: the Republican and Progressive parties. In 1995, the Republican Party took control of the legislature for the first time since 1969, and have maintained their control of both houses since, except for a brief period between 2009 and 2011. In the 2016 Wisconsin elections , Republicans secured their largest majority in the Assembly since 1956, and in 2018,

960-423: Was made up of the 125th and 126th Infantry Regiments (63rd Infantry Brigade) and the 127th and 128th Infantry Regiments (64th Infantry Brigade), as well as three artillery regiments within the 57th Field Artillery Brigade . On 4 August 1917, Battery F, 121st Field Artillery regiment was the first unit to arrive at Camp MacArthur. The remainder arrived as soon as trains could be mustered for transportation. While

992-547: Was organized and activated into Federal service. The 2nd Wisconsin was joined by several other regiments to form the famous Iron Brigade , which soon became one of the most feared and respected units on either side in the Civil War for its performance in such battles as Antietam and Gettysburg. It was nicknamed the Iron Jaw Division for its toughness in combat. The 4th Infantry Battalion, Wisconsin National Guard,

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1024-467: Was organized on 25 April 1884 from Milwaukee companies. They were expanded and in 1890 redesignated as the 4th Infantry Regiment which was activated for Federal service in the war with Spain . They were reorganized on 10 June 1899 as the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Infantry Regiments in the Wisconsin National Guard. In 1916, Troop A was stationed at the Mexican border under General John Pershing to guard against

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