37-478: Christiane Marie Taubira ( French: [kʁistjan maʁi tobiʁa] ; born 2 February 1952) is a French politician who served as Minister of Justice of France in the governments of Prime Ministers Jean-Marc Ayrault and Manuel Valls under President François Hollande from 2012 until 2016. She was a member of the National Assembly of France for French Guiana from 1993 to 2012 and member of
74-617: A Member of the European Parliament (MEP), being the fourth on the Énergie Radicale list led by Bernard Tapie . In parliament, she served on the Committee on Development (1994–1997) and the Committee on Culture, Youth, Education and the Media (1997–1999). In addition to her committee assignments, she was part of the parliament's delegation for relations with the countries of South America. In June 1997 Taubira joined
111-460: A Regional Councillor of French Guiana from 2010 until 2012. Taubira was nominated Minister of Justice by Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault , following the victory of François Hollande in the 2012 elections . At the time, she was one of the few black, female politicians within a prominent ministry in the French government. She soon emerged as one of the most outspoken and progressive voices in
148-591: A balance between the EU's interests and states' interests. In October 2014, Montebourg enrolled in the INSEAD graduate business school for a four-week course and sought a bursary for his studies. Between 16 and 26 February 2015, he was invited as a visiting professor of economics at Princeton University . On 19 March 2015, he was appointed vice president of the supervisory board of the furniture chain Habitat . On 26 March,
185-610: A disagreement with President Hollande over policies related to the treatment of French Nationals convicted of terrorism. In 2013, Taubira voiced her support for land reforms in France's Caribbean territories as compensation for slavery. She also formally implemented an important electoral promise of François Hollande and introduced Law 2013-404 , which legalised same-sex marriage in France . In 2014 Taubira successfully defied opposition parties' calls for her to quit after it emerged that she knew former President Nicolas Sarkozy 's phone
222-484: A measure championed by Hollande in the wake of the terrorist attacks that shook Paris on 13 November ; Minister of the Interior Manuel Valls had taken charge of the constitutional reform draft law, which would normally have been part of her portfolio. One week later, she published Murmures à la jeunesse , a book about this proposal. Despite being urged to join the race by supporters, Taubira chose not to run in
259-744: A minority on their own land" as a result of illegal immigration. In recent years Taubira has called for solidarity with refugees in Metropolitan France . Like other female ministers Taubira has faced many racist and sexist insults. Taubira allowed the Guyanese political party Walwari to make a direct citation in the Cayenne criminal court against Anne-Sophie Leclère, a candidate for the Front National who in October 2013 shared
296-480: A professor of Political Science at Pantheon-Sorbonne University , Montebourg became the cofounder of the Convention pour la VI-ème République (C6R). This convention called for significant constitutional changes, and for a Sixth French Republic. Its objectives were to decrease the power of the president and allow a parliamentary balance. Montebourg was one of the founding members of the political movement known as
333-483: A racist cartoon comparing Taubira to a monkey on her Facebook page. Leclère was sentenced to nine months in prison and five years of ineligibility by the court before the judgement was quashed on appeal as Walwari's actions were deemed invalid. In September 2016 the Paris criminal court, which had opened an investigation when the facts were revealed, found Leclère guilty of the crime of public insult and sentenced her to
370-631: A suspended fine of 3,000 euros. In November 2013 the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights condemned the comments, which it considered as racist attacks against Taubira, in particular those on the cover of the extreme right-wing weekly Minute , which featured her photo with the caption: "Clever as a monkey, Taubira finds the banana". The weekly rejected the accusation of racism, arguing that it merely used two French expressions, "the second of which -
407-536: Is a former member of the Socialist Party (PS), which he left in 2018. He previously served as the member of the National Assembly for the 6th constituency of Saône-et-Loire from 1997 until 2012, and President of the General Council of Saône-et-Loire from 2008 to 2012. In 2021, he announced his candidacy for the French presidential election of 2022, before stepping down three months before
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#1732758541062444-522: Is a separatist politician who founded the Decolonization and Social Emancipation Movement ; he was jailed for 18 months for planning to blow up an oil and gas facility in the 1980s. Ministry of Justice (France) The Ministry of Justice ( French : Ministère de la Justice ) is a ministerial department of the Government of France , also known in French as la Chancellerie . It
481-767: Is headed by the Minister of Justice , also known as the Keeper of the Seals , a member of the Council of Ministers . The ministry's headquarters are on Place Vendôme , Paris . Arnaud Montebourg Arnaud Montebourg ( French pronunciation: [aʁno mɔ̃tbuʁ] ; born 30 October 1962) is a French politician, lawyer and entrepreneur who served as the Minister of Industrial Renewal from 2012 to 2014, then as Minister of Economy, Industrial Renewal, and Digital Affairs , 31 March 2014 until his resignation on 25 August. He
518-592: The 2022 presidential election from his home town of Clamecy , without going through a party primary election. His supporters included the Citizen and Republican Movement , founded by Jean-Pierre Chevènement , the former Socialist minister Laurence Rossignol , Socialist senators Mickaël Vallet and Jean-Claude Tissot , demographer Emmanuel Todd , economist Gaël Giraud, politologist Thomas Guénolé and economist and entrepreneur Valentin Przyluski. He withdrew from
555-542: The European Parliament from 1994 to 1999. She won the 2022 French People's Primary , winning the right to stand as a "unity left" candidate in the 2022 French presidential election . It was her second bid after the 2002 French presidential election where she failed to qualify to the second round after garnering only 2.32% of the votes in the first round. She dropped out of the race on 2 March 2022 after failing to get enough support to qualify. Taubira
592-484: The General Electric takeover of Alstom a risk to French sovereignty. He notably introduced a decree, the décret Alstom , nicknamed décret Montebourg by the press, extending the French state's right to veto foreign takeovers of assets in the energy, water, transport, telecommunication, public health sectors. Montebourg was quoted as saying the decree protected France's strategic interests and represented
629-555: The Nouveau Parti Socialiste (New Socialist Party), where he defended economical protectionism and sovereignty. When the movement ended due to internal difficulties, he created a new movement within the Socialist Party called Rénover, Maintenant (Renewal, Now). He was one of the leading opponents of President Jacques Chirac 's immunity from prosecution , especially concerning the corruption scandals in
666-571: The Socialist Party (PS), and then- Prime Minister Lionel Jospin appointed her to head a government commission into gold mining in Guiana . Taubira was the driving force behind a 21 May 2001 law that recognised the Atlantic slave trade and slavery as a crime against humanity . In 2002 Taubira was a Left Radical Party (PRG) candidate for the Presidency although she did not belong to
703-469: The Socialist Party primary election in November 2006. On 18 January 2007, Royal suspended him from her campaign for one month the day after he gave an interview on a Canal+ talk show, where he said, "Ségolène Royal has only one fault, her partner." He was referring to the contradictory statements on tax policy made by Royal's partner, François Hollande , who was at the time serving as First Secretary of
740-499: The " people's primary " intended to select a consensus left-wing candidate. By March 2022, the Constitutional Council published data showing Taubira had failed to win enough endorsements from elected officials to qualify for the presidential election. Taubira is a vocal critic of illegal immigration to French Guiana . In 2007 Taubira stated that "We are at an identity turning point. The ethnic Guyanese have become
777-633: The French Army during World War II . His Algerian great-grandfather, Ahmed Ould Cadi, who was an agha (chieftain), fought against the Ottoman caliphate before joining the French Army. He was appointed Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour in 1867. He began working as an attorney with notable attorney Thierry Levy. He has worked in several publicized cases. In 1995, he worked as the lawyer of Christian Didier , assassin of René Bousquet . Bousquet
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#1732758541062814-605: The French Center for Agricultural Cooperation. Having served as President of the Walwari Party, Taubira from 1993 served as a Deputy to the French National Assembly , being re-elected in 1997 . Non-affiliated in 1993, she then voted in favour of the conservative Prime Minister Edouard Balladur to form a Cabinet of ministers in 1993. In the 1994 European elections Taubira became
851-521: The French-based consulting and business analyst company, Talan, announced that Montebourg had been given a place on its strategic policy committee. On 21 August 2016, he announced his plans to run as a candidate for the Socialist Party's presidential nomination in the 2017 presidential election . He finished third with 17.8% of the vote. On 4 September 2021, after having taken a step back from politics in 2017, Montebourg announced his candidacy in
888-575: The Paris region . Montebourg, also supported reporter Denis Robert for his role in revealing the illegal system of double-accounts maintained by Clearstream , a clearing-house based in Luxembourg , involving high-ranking politicians. He has also been engaged in a campaign against the rules governing taxation of foreign nationals and the banking secrecy of Switzerland . Montebourg was appointed as spokesman for Ségolène Royal 's presidential campaign following his endorsement of her candidacy during
925-578: The Party; she won 2.32% of the votes. After 2002 she became the party's vice-president. She was elected as its Deputy in the 2002 elections and chose to join the Socialists' group in the Assembly. In the Socialist Party's 2011 primaries , Taubira endorsed Arnaud Montebourg as the party's candidate for the 2012 presidential election . In addition to her work in national politics Taubira served as
962-490: The Socialist Party's 2017 presidential primary , and remained neutral in the contest; following his nomination Taubira later endorsed Benoît Hamon as the party's candidate for the 2017 French presidential election . In the second round of the presidential election she called on voters to rally behind Emmanuel Macron . Taubira formally announced her candidacy for the 2022 presidential election in January 2022 and won
999-429: The Socialist Party's primary election for the 2012 presidential election, receiving about 17% of the vote. François Hollande finished first and Martine Aubry finished second. After Hollande was elected President of France, Montebourg was appointed as Minister of Industrial Renewal on 16 May 2012 in the government of Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault . Montebourg defended nuclear energy, considering it "an industry of
1036-497: The Socialist Party. Montebourg had offered his resignation, which Royal refused to accept. In 2008, Monteboug became President of the General Council of Saône-et-Loire, while at the same time retaining his mandate as a parliamentarian. In 2011, when Dominique Strauss-Kahn was released from prison and flown back to France, Montebourg urged him to apologise for embarrassing the Socialist Party. Montebourg finished third in
1073-680: The election. Montebourg was born on 30 October 1962, in the French commune of Clamecy , in Nièvre region. His father, Michel Montebourg, who was a tax inspector for the Ministry of Economy and Finances, was born in 1933. His mother, Leïla Ould Cadi, who was born in 1939 in Algeria , was of Algerian and French descent; she was born into a family of wālis (governors) from Hachem in Northern Algeria . His Algerian grandfather fought in
1110-605: The end of laissez-faire economic policy . On 11 February 2014, Montebourg was among the guests invited to the state dinner hosted by U.S. President Barack Obama in honor of Hollande at the White House . On 28 May 2014, Montebourg said that if the United Kingdom "were to vote to leave the EU, France will roll out the red carpet to British investors who will flee their country. They will all come to France because companies need Europe." Nevertheless, he supports
1147-413: The future" despite the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster . On national interests in international trade alliances, Montebourg made further controversial statements about Lakshmi Mittal by declaring that "Mittal's lies since 2006 are overwhelming…he has never kept his word", urging him to leave the country: "We no longer want Mittal in France because they don't respect France." Montebourg considered
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1184-476: The government. Taubira was initially supposed to work with Junior Minister Delphine Batho . However, their relationship quickly broke down being unable to share responsibilities. After the June 2012 Legislative elections, Batho was moved to become Minister of Ecology replacing Nicole Bricq , leaving Taubira in charge of the Ministry of Justice. She resigned her position as Minister of Justice on 27 January 2016 after
1221-496: The part about the banana - is familiarly used to describe a person in good shape". The minister denounced comments of "extreme violence", denying her "belonging to the human race". The weekly's editor was sentenced to a fine of 10,000 euros for its front page on 30 October 2014. The public prosecutor's office appealed against the fine, saying that it was too lenient. Taubira has been married twice. She has four children with her second husband, Roland Delannon. They are divorced. Delannon
1258-595: The race on 20 January 2022, after failing to gain momentum. He did not endorse other candidates. Montebourg lived from 2010 to 2012 with journalist Audrey Pulvar and from 2014 until 2017 with fellow minister Aurélie Filippetti , with whom he has a daughter, Jeanne, born in September 2015. In February 2015, Montebourg was called a hero for saving several fellow diners in the New York City brasserie Balthazar from serious injury by single-handedly holding up
1295-531: Was a former Vichy official who had been indicted for war crimes and was soon to be tried. Didier was convicted in 1995 and received a 10-year sentence. Didier did not want to be considered insane , so Montebourg helped get the court to recognize him as responsible for the act. Montebourg was first elected to the National Assembly during the 1997 legislative election . He was reelected in 2002 and in 2007 . In 2001, Together with Bastien François,
1332-467: Was being tapped, apparently contradicting an earlier statement from her. She reportedly considered resigning in August 2014, along with other left-wing cabinet members such as Arnaud Montebourg , in protest against Hollande's economic policies. Taubira resigned in January 2016 after openly disagreeing with the French president's proposal to strip French nationality from dual-citizens convicted of terrorism,
1369-544: Was born on 2 February 1952 in Cayenne , French Guiana , France , as one of 11 siblings and raised by a single mother. Among others, she is the sister of French politician Jean-Marie Taubira , Secretary General of the Guianese Progressive Party . Taubira studied economics at Panthéon-Assas University , African American ethnology , sociology at Paris-Sorbonne University and food industry at
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