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45-612: Taiwan Province ( Chinese : 臺灣省 ; pinyin : Táiwān Shěng ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Tâi-oân-séng ; PFS : Thòi-vàn-sén or Thòi-vân-sén ) is a de jure administrative division of the Republic of China (ROC). Provinces remain a titular division as a part of the Constitution of the Republic of China , but are no longer considered to have any administrative function practically. Taiwan Province covers approximately 69% of

90-509: A certain extent in South Korea , remain virtually identical to traditional characters, with variations between the two forms largely stylistic. There has historically been a debate on traditional and simplified Chinese characters . Because the simplifications are fairly systematic, it is possible to convert computer-encoded characters between the two sets, with the main issue being ambiguities in simplified representations resulting from

135-417: A province. In 1887, the island was designated as a province (officially "Fujian-Taiwan Province"; Chinese: 福建臺灣省 ), with Liu as the first governor. The province was also reorganized into four prefectures, eleven districts, and three sub-prefectures. The provincial capital, or "Taiwan-fu", was intended to be moved from the south (modern-day Tainan ) to the more central area of Toatun (modern-day Taichung ) in

180-604: Is twinned with 42 U.S. states : The People's Republic of China (PRC) regards itself as the " successor state " of the Republic of China (ROC), which the PRC claims no longer legitimately exists, following establishment of the PRC on Mainland China . The PRC asserts itself to be the sole legitimate government of China , and claims Taiwan as its 23rd province , even though the PRC itself has never had control of Taiwan or other ROC-held territories. The ROC disputes this position , maintaining that it still legitimately exists and that

225-869: Is 産 (also the accepted form in Japan and Korea), while in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan the accepted form is 產 (also the accepted form in Vietnamese chữ Nôm ). The PRC tends to print material intended for people in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese in traditional characters. For example, versions of the People's Daily are printed in traditional characters, and both People's Daily and Xinhua have traditional character versions of their website available, using Big5 encoding. Mainland companies selling products in Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan use traditional characters in order to communicate with consumers;

270-560: Is a part of the PRC. The Senkaku Islands , which are currently administered by Japan , are disputed by both the ROC and the PRC, which claim them as the Tiaoyutai/Diaoyu Islands. The ROC government claims them as part of Toucheng Township , Yilan County . Traditional Chinese characters Traditional Chinese characters are a standard set of Chinese character forms used to write Chinese languages . In Taiwan ,

315-408: Is nominally divided into 11 counties   and 3 cities   . All divisions are directly administered by the central government in practice. Note that the special municipalities of Kaohsiung , New Taipei , Taichung , Tainan , Taipei , and Taoyuan are both nominally under and directly administered by the central government . They are not parts of any province. Taiwan Province

360-493: The Chinese Commercial News , World News , and United Daily News all use traditional characters, as do some Hong Kong–based magazines such as Yazhou Zhoukan . The Philippine Chinese Daily uses simplified characters. DVDs are usually subtitled using traditional characters, influenced by media from Taiwan as well as by the two countries sharing the same DVD region , 3. With most having immigrated to

405-754: The Kensiu language . Taiwan Prefecture When the Qing wrested the island from the control of the Kingdom of Tungning in 1683, Taiwan was made a prefecture under the administration of Fujian Province . The new prefecture consisted of three counties : The aboriginal lands on the east coast—known to the Qing as the "Land Behind the Mountains" ( 後山 ) —were not controlled at all. The seat of government, also known as "Taiwan" or "Taiwanfu" (a contraction of 臺灣府城 ; Táiwān fǔchéng , "prefectural city of Taiwan"),

450-523: The Kingdom of Tungning and a grandson of Koxinga ), surrendered to the Qing Empire following a naval engagement with Admiral Shi Lang . The Qing then ruled the Taiwanese archipelago (including Penghu ) as Taiwan Prefecture of Fujian Province . In 1875, Taipeh Prefecture was separated from Taiwan Prefecture. In 1885, work commenced under the auspices of Liu Ming-chuan to develop Taiwan into

495-693: The National Development Council and other ministries of the Executive Yuan. The Taiwan Provincial Government was located in Zhongxing New Village , Nantou City , Nantou County between 1957 and 2018. In October 1945, The Government of the Republic of China reformed the eight(8) Japanese prefectures under the Government-General of Taiwan into 8 counties and 9 cities . Taiwan Province

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540-640: The Shanghainese -language character U+20C8E 𠲎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-20C8E —a composition of 伐 with the ⼝   'MOUTH' radical—used instead of the Standard Chinese 嗎 ; 吗 . Typefaces often use the initialism TC to signify the use of traditional Chinese characters, as well as SC for simplified Chinese characters . In addition, the Noto, Italy family of typefaces, for example, also provides separate fonts for

585-467: The island of Taiwan , and comprises around 31% of the total population . The province initially covered the entire island of Taiwan (Formosa), Penghu (the Pescadores), Orchid Island , Green Island , Xiaoliuqiu Island , and their surrounding islands . Between 1967 and 2014, six special municipalities ( Kaohsiung , New Taipei , Taichung , Tainan , Taipei and Taoyuan ) were split off from

630-506: The PRC has not succeeded it. The PRC claims the entirety of the island of Taiwan and its nearby islands and islets, including the Penghu , as parts of its Taiwan Province, corresponding to the ROC's Taiwan Province before the special municipalities were split off. The PRC claims that Taiwan is a part of China, that the PRC succeeded the ROC as the sole legitimate authority in all of China upon its founding in 1949, and that therefore Taiwan

675-555: The People's Republic of China, traditional Chinese characters are standardised according to the Table of Comparison between Standard, Traditional and Variant Chinese Characters . Dictionaries published in mainland China generally show both simplified and their traditional counterparts. There are differences between the accepted traditional forms in mainland China and elsewhere, for example the accepted traditional form of 产 in mainland China

720-766: The ROC authorities decided to downsize the provincial structure to solve the problem of overlapping personnel and administrative resources between the provincial and central governments, and cut excessive public spending. The provinces were streamlined and ceased to be self-governing bodies in December 1998, with their administrative functions transferred to the Executive Yuan 's subsidiary National Development Council , as well as second-tier local governments such as counties . In July 2018, all provincial governmental organs were formally abolished, with their budget and personnel removed. In 1683, Zheng Keshuang (third ruler of

765-587: The United States during the second half of the 19th century, Chinese Americans have long used traditional characters. When not providing both, US public notices and signs in Chinese are generally written in traditional characters, more often than in simplified characters. In the past, traditional Chinese was most often encoded on computers using the Big5 standard, which favored traditional characters. However,

810-419: The administrative organization of the northern area of the island. As a result, Taipeh Prefecture was created from part of Taiwan Prefecture. Fokien-Taiwan Province was established in 1887, consisting of four prefectures: Taipeh, Taiwan, Tainan , and Taitung . Tainan Prefecture was created from part of Taiwan Prefecture. Thus Taiwan Prefecture was reduced to the area of central Taiwan only, composed of

855-612: The auspices of Liu Ming-chuan , a plan was commenced to develop Taiwan into a stand-alone division. In 1887, Taiwan was designated as a distinct province (namely "Fujian-Taiwan Province"; Chinese : 福建臺灣省 ), with Liu as the first governor, but the island was then ceded to the Empire of Japan in 1895, following China's defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War . After the surrender of Japan in World War II ,

900-414: The governor of Taiwan province was appointed by the ROC central government. The office was often a stepping stone to higher office. In 1992, the post of the governor of the province was opened to election. The then-opposition Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) agreed to retain the province with an elected governor in the hopes of creating a " Yeltsin effect" in which a popular local leader could overwhelm

945-493: The inverse is equally true as well. In digital media, many cultural phenomena imported from Hong Kong and Taiwan into mainland China, such as music videos, karaoke videos, subtitled movies, and subtitled dramas, use traditional Chinese characters. In Hong Kong and Macau , traditional characters were retained during the colonial period, while the mainland adopted simplified characters. Simplified characters are contemporaneously used to accommodate immigrants and tourists, often from

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990-725: The mainland. The increasing use of simplified characters has led to concern among residents regarding protecting what they see as their local heritage. Taiwan has never adopted simplified characters. The use of simplified characters in government documents and educational settings is discouraged by the government of Taiwan. Nevertheless, with sufficient context simplified characters are likely to be successfully read by those used to traditional characters, especially given some previous exposure. Many simplified characters were previously variants that had long been in some use, with systematic stroke simplifications used in folk handwriting since antiquity. Traditional characters were recognized as

1035-682: The majority of Chinese text in mainland China are simplified characters , there is no legislation prohibiting the use of traditional Chinese characters, and often traditional Chinese characters remain in use for stylistic and commercial purposes, such as in shopfront displays and advertising. Traditional Chinese characters remain ubiquitous on buildings that predate the promulgation of the current simplification scheme, such as former government buildings, religious buildings, educational institutions, and historical monuments. Traditional Chinese characters continue to be used for ceremonial, cultural, scholarly/academic research, and artistic/decorative purposes. In

1080-983: The merging of previously distinct character forms. Many Chinese online newspapers allow users to switch between these character sets. Traditional characters are known by different names throughout the Chinese-speaking world. The government of Taiwan officially refers to traditional Chinese characters as 正體字 ; 正体字 ; zhèngtǐzì ; 'orthodox characters'. This term is also used outside Taiwan to distinguish standard characters, including both simplified, and traditional, from other variants and idiomatic characters . Users of traditional characters elsewhere, as well as those using simplified characters, call traditional characters 繁體字 ; 繁体字 ; fántǐzì ; 'complex characters', 老字 ; lǎozì ; 'old characters', or 全體字 ; 全体字 ; quántǐzì ; 'full characters' to distinguish them from simplified characters. Some argue that since traditional characters are often

1125-474: The modern-day Miaoli County , Taichung City , Nantou County , Changhua County , and Yunlin County . The new prefecture was divided into four counties and one subprefecture: Taiwan County  [ zh ] , Changhua County, Yunlin County, Miaoli County, and Puli Subprefecture  [ zh ] . The new prefecture seat was located at the central city of Toatun ( 大墩 ), which was also designated as

1170-443: The national government. The seat of the provincial government was moved from Taipei to Zhongxing New Village in 1956. Historically, Taiwan Province covers the entire island of Taiwan and all its associated islands. The city of Taipei was split off to become a province-level special municipality in 1967, and the city of Kaohsiung was split off in 1979 to become another special municipality. In December 2010, Kaohsiung County left

1215-517: The national government. These hopes proved unfulfilled as then-Kuomintang member James Soong was elected governor of Taiwan province, defeating the DPP candidate Chen Ding-nan . In 1997, as the result of an agreement between the KMT and the DPP, the powers of the provincial government were curtailed by constitutional amendments. The post of provincial governor was abolished. In addition, the provincial council

1260-677: The official script in Singapore until 1969, when the government officially adopted Simplified characters. Traditional characters still are widely used in contexts such as in baby and corporation names, advertisements, decorations, official documents and in newspapers. The Chinese Filipino community continues to be one of the most conservative in Southeast Asia regarding simplification. Although major public universities teach in simplified characters, many well-established Chinese schools still use traditional characters. Publications such as

1305-700: The original standard forms, they should not be called 'complex'. Conversely, there is a common objection to the description of traditional characters as 'standard', due to them not being used by a large population of Chinese speakers. Additionally, as the process of Chinese character creation often made many characters more elaborate over time, there is sometimes a hesitation to characterize them as 'traditional'. Some people refer to traditional characters as 'proper characters' ( 正字 ; zhèngzì or 正寫 ; zhèngxiě ) and to simplified characters as 簡筆字 ; 简笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'simplified-stroke characters' or 減筆字 ; 减笔字 ; jiǎnbǐzì ; 'reduced-stroke characters', as

1350-833: The predominant forms. Simplified characters as codified by the People's Republic of China are predominantly used in mainland China , Malaysia, and Singapore. "Traditional" as such is a retronym applied to non-simplified character sets in the wake of widespread use of simplified characters. Traditional characters are commonly used in Taiwan , Hong Kong , and Macau , as well as in most overseas Chinese communities outside of Southeast Asia. As for non-Chinese languages written using Chinese characters, Japanese kanji include many simplified characters known as shinjitai standardized after World War II, sometimes distinct from their simplified Chinese counterparts . Korean hanja , still used to

1395-419: The province and merged with the original Kaohsiung City to become an expanded Kaohsiung City, Taipei County became the special municipality named New Taipei City . The cities and counties of Taichung and Tainan were also merged, respectively, and elevated to special municipality. On 25 December 2014, Taoyuan County was upgraded into a special municipality and split off from Taiwan Province. Until 1992,

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1440-636: The province became the primary administrative divisions of the country. The position of the Chairperson of the Provincial Government, appointed by the central government , is retained to comply with the Constitution . The major operations of the provincial government, such as managing provincial highways and the Bank of Taiwan , have been transferred to the Executive Yuan since 1998. In July 2018, all remaining duties were transferred to

1485-634: The province was re-established on Taiwan by the Kuomintang (KMT)-led Nationalist Government in September 1945 and it became the last stronghold of the KMT government after their defeat in the Chinese Civil War . The provincial capital of Taipei has correspondingly become the provisional capital of the ROC central government since 1949. During the constitutional reform initiated in 1996,

1530-569: The province, all in the most populous regions. Taiwan was initially made a prefecture of Fujian Province by the Qing dynasty of China after its conquest of the Kingdom of Tungning in 1683. Following the French offensive in northern Taiwan during the Sino-French War , the island's strategic position in maritime security and defence was re-evaluated and given prominence by the Qing. Under

1575-462: The revamped Taiwan Prefecture. As the new central Taiwan-fu was still under construction, the capital was temporarily moved north to Taipeh (modern-day Taipei), which eventually was designated the provincial capital. In 1895, the entire Taiwan Province, including Penghu, was ceded to Japan following the First Sino-Japanese War through the Treaty of Shimonoseki . Under Japanese rule , the province

1620-521: The set of traditional characters is regulated by the Ministry of Education and standardized in the Standard Form of National Characters . These forms were predominant in written Chinese until the middle of the 20th century, when various countries that use Chinese characters began standardizing simplified sets of characters, often with characters that existed before as well-known variants of

1665-401: The site of the new provincial capital, taking its name as Taiwanfu or Taiwan (now Taichung ). However, during construction of the new capital, the provincial capital was temporarily relocated to the city of Taipeh ( Taipei ). One of the administrators of Taiwan Prefecture was Raymund Tu , a native priest of Taiwan. Four years after development of Toatun began, the seat of Taipeh ( Taipei )

1710-636: The traditional character set used in Taiwan ( TC ) and the set used in Hong Kong ( HK ). Most Chinese-language webpages now use Unicode for their text. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends the use of the language tag zh-Hant to specify webpage content written with traditional characters. In the Japanese writing system , kyujitai are traditional forms, which were simplified to create shinjitai for standardized Japanese use following World War II. Kyūjitai are mostly congruent with

1755-985: The traditional characters in Chinese, save for minor stylistic variation. Characters that are not included in the jōyō kanji list are generally recommended to be printed in their traditional forms, with a few exceptions. Additionally, there are kokuji , which are kanji wholly created in Japan, rather than originally being borrowed from China. In the Korean writing system , hanja —replaced almost entirely by hangul in South Korea and totally replaced in North Korea —are mostly identical with their traditional counterparts, save minor stylistic variations. As with Japanese, there are autochthonous hanja, known as gukja . Traditional Chinese characters are also used by non-Chinese ethnic groups. The Maniq people living in Thailand and Malaysia use Chinese characters to write

1800-518: The ubiquitous Unicode standard gives equal weight to simplified and traditional Chinese characters, and has become by far the most popular encoding for Chinese-language text. There are various input method editors (IMEs) available for the input of Chinese characters . Many characters, often dialectical variants, are encoded in Unicode but cannot be inputted using certain IMEs, with one example being

1845-587: The words for simplified and reduced are homophonous in Standard Chinese , both pronounced as jiǎn . The modern shapes of traditional Chinese characters first appeared with the emergence of the clerical script during the Han dynasty c.  200 BCE , with the sets of forms and norms more or less stable since the Southern and Northern dynasties period c.  the 5th century . Although

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1890-554: Was abolished in favour of Japanese-style divisions . After the surrender of Japan in 1945, Taiwan was handed over to the Republic of China (ROC). The ROC government immediately established the Taiwan Provincial Government under first Chief Executive and government-general Chen Yi in September 1945. Chen was extremely unpopular and his rule led to an uprising – the February 28 Incident of 1947. Chen

1935-512: Was also replaced by the Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council . Although the stated purpose was administrative efficiency, Soong and his supporters claim that it was actually intended to impede James Soong 's political life, though it did not have this effect. The provincial administration was downscaled in 1998, most of its power handed to the central government. The counties and provincial cities under

1980-518: Was located in modern-day Tainan , "which city had been in turn the capital of the Dutch , Koxinga , and the Chinese". During this period, Taiwan was administered as three counties and two subprefectures. The counties ( 縣 , xiàn ) were, from south to north: The subprefectures ( 廳 , tīng ) were: An administrative change occurred in 1875, when Imperial Commissioner Shen Baozhen demanded that another prefecture be added in Taiwan to revamp

2025-576: Was recalled in May 1947 and the government-general position was abolished. When the Republic of China government was relocated to Taipei in 1949 as a result of the Kuomintang 's (KMT) defeat by the Chinese Communist Party forces in the Chinese Civil War , the provincial administration remained in place under the claim that the ROC was still the government of all of China even though the opposition argued that it overlapped inefficiently with

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