Tartu County ( Estonian : Tartu maakond or Tartumaa ) is one of 15 counties of Estonia .
64-455: It is located in eastern Estonia bordering Põlva County , Valga County , Viljandi County and Jõgeva County . The area of Tartu County is 2,992.74 km (1,155.50 sq mi), which covers 6.9% of the territory of Estonia. In 2022 Tartu County had a population of 157,758 – constituting 11.9% of the total population in Estonia. The city of Tartu is the centre of the county located at
128-489: A distance of 186 km (116 mi) from Tallinn . Tartu County is divided into 8 local governments – 1 urban and 7 rural municipalities. Tartu County lies in South Estonia, between Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus . Estonia's only navigable river, River Emajõgi (100 km long), flows through the county, connecting Lake Peipus and Lake Võrtsjärv. Wavy plains are typical landscapes of Tartu County. One third of
192-411: A farmer of Karula . He held this position until July 1921, when August Sild followed his position. Until the 1920s the surroundings of Härgmäe and Valga belonged to the mixed area of Estonia-Latvia as there was no exact national border. Half of the citizens were Latvians, the other half were Estonians. In 1920 the national border was fixed and that helped to differentiate between the nations. Valga Kreis
256-421: A lack of oxygen. There may be more than ten species of fish in some lakes. There are more than 30 artificial lakes with the area of one hectare and with the total area of 100 ha, 20 of which being used publicly. The biggest artificial lake is Puide Reservoir on Jõku River (11.5 ha). The best-known river of the area is Väike-Emajõgi, starting from Lake Pühajärv and falling into Lake Võrtsjärv, flowing fully on
320-529: A limited-liability company. The rest is being maintained without corporate bodies. As of 2014, welfare services can be offered to 981 people, 818 bed seats have been occupied. 27 social workers and 294 social service providers offer services at clients` homes. There are 69 manors and castles in Valga County. Sangaste Castle and Taagepera Castle (Estonian best wedding place 2007–2013) are the most popular ones. The most well-known and most visited tourism magnet
384-2513: A new Otepää Parish was formed. Despite that, the town of Otepää kept holding the town rights, but is officially part of the rural municipality (parish). The County Government (Estonian: Maavalitsus ) is led by Governor (Estonian: maavanem ), who is appointed by the Government of Estonia for a term of five years. Currently the Governor position is held by Margus Lepik . There are 3 local municipalities in Valga County including Valga (county capital), Tõrva, Helme, Hummuli, Karula, Otepää, Palupera, Puka, Põdrala, Sangaste, Taheva, Tõlliste and Õru Parishes. There are 3 towns, 7 boroughs and 150 villages in Valga County. Aakre - Aitsra - Ala - Alamõisa - Arula - Astuvere - Atra - Hargla - Hellenurme - Holdre - Iigaste - Ilmjärve - Jaanikese - Jeti - Jõgeveste - Kaagjärve - Kalliküla - Kalme - Karjatnurme - Karu - Karula - Kassiratta - Kastolatsi - Kaubi - Kaurutootsi - Keeni - Kibena - Killinge - Kirbu - Kirikuküla - Kiviküla - Koigu - Koikküla - Koiva - Kolli - Komsi - Koobassaare - Koorküla - Korijärve - Korkuna - Kuigatsi - Kulli - Kungi - Kurevere - Käärikmäe - Kääriku - Kähri - Kähu - Laanemetsa - Lauküla - Leebiku - Lepa - Linna - Liva - Londi - Lossiküla - Lota - Lusti - Lutike - Lutsu - Lõve - Lüllemäe - Makita - Meegaste - Miti - Muhkva - Mustumetsa - Mäeküla - Mäelooga - Mägestiku - Mägiste - Mäha - Märdi - Möldre - Neeruti - Nõuni - Nüpli - Otepää - Paju - Palamuste - Palupera - Pastaku - Patküla - Pedajamäe - Pedaste - Piiri - Pikasilla - Pikkjärve - Pilkuse - Pilpa - Plika - Pori - Prange - Priipalu - Pringi - Pugritsa - Puide - Purtsi - Põru - Päidla - Pühajärve - Pühaste - Raavitsa - Rampe - Ransi - Raudsepa - Rebasemõisa - Rebaste - Restu - Reti - Riidaja - Ringiste - Risttee - Roobe - Rulli - Ruuna - Räbi - Sarapuu - Sihva - Sooblase - Soontaga - Sooru - Supa - Taagepera - Tagula - Taheva - Tiidu - Tinu - Truuta - Tsirgumäe - Tõlliste - Tõrvase - Tõutsi - Uniküla - Uralaane - Urmi - Vaalu - Vaardi - Valtina - Vanamõisa - Vana-Otepää - Vidrike - Vilaski - Voorbahi - Väheru - Väljaküla - Õlatu - Õruste - Ädu As of 1 January 2014,
448-639: Is Estonian National Museum , that was founded in 1909. Student festivals and Hanseatic festivals take place in Tartu regularly. The best known sports event hosted by Tartu County is the Tartu Ski Marathon , which is a member of the Worldloppet series. In Estonia, there is no regional self-government on county level. The County Governments ( Estonian : Maavalitsus ) are led by County Governors ( Estonian : maavanem ), who are appointed by
512-470: Is Karula Pikkjärv and it is located on the northern edge of Karula Hills. Hargla Basin is located in the southern part of the county. It is a mildly flat area between the uplands with some lonely moraine hills. The Valleys of Koiva River and Mustjõe River together with the Aheru Lake form a very picturesque area. The area of forest land of the county is almost 114,000 hectares, which forms 56.7% of
576-544: Is Pühajärv . On the edge areas of the upland the difference between the edges is small but the relief is strongly differentiated. To the south-east of Valga Basin, Karula Hills can be seen heading from the west to the east. The eastern part of the hills has especially varied relief. Heading to the west, the relief becomes lower and changes into lower hills continuing in the Latvia. There are many lakes in Karula. The best-known lake
640-500: Is 1 urban municipality ( Estonian : linn – "town") and 7 rural municipalities ( Estonian : vald ) in Tartu County. Religion in Tartu County (2021) [2] 58°22′N 26°43′E / 58.367°N 26.717°E / 58.367; 26.717 Valga County Valga County ( Estonian : Valga maakond or Valgamaa ) is a first-level administrative unit and one of 15 counties of Estonia . It comprises
704-450: Is Otepää Nature Park with the area of 22,430 ha. The territory under protection, also including nature reserves and permanent habitats form the area of 43,431 ha. There are 28 indigenous trees and 5 glacial boulders under protection as a single object. The highest tree under protection is Tsuura spruce and it is also the largest spruce in Estonia – the height of 29 m and the circumference of 4.32 m. The thickest tree, Pühajärv War Oak , has
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#1732773082347768-650: Is Otepää which also bears the title of Winter Capital each year from 21 December to 20 March, since 1996. The area of Otepää is known as one of the various all-in-one places where training camps and winter sports events are being held. When comparing accommodation services by Estonian counties, Valga County is holding the fourth position (after Harju County, Saaremaa and Pärnu County). As of 2013 there were 77 rooming houses, having altogether 826 rooms and 2,149 beds (data from subjects to statistics only). There are 69 manors and castles in Valga County. Sangaste Castle and Taagepera Castle (Estonian best wedding place 2007–2013) are
832-480: Is Tarmeko, producing furniture and components, with 900 employees. Unemployment rate in the county has been 2–3% in the recent years. Typical products of Tartu County are furniture, foodstuffs, clothes, building materials, glass and plastics. The main export target countries are Finland , Germany , Latvia and Russia . 40% of the exports is wood and furniture, other export production includes machinery and appliances, building materials, glass and clothing. Thanks to
896-638: Is a healthcare and medical teaching service in Tartu , Estonia , and a subsidiary of the Tartu University . Its administrative services are located in two buildings on Puusepa Street; its buildings are located throughout the city of Tartu. As an exception, the Clinic's andrology clinic has a facility in Tallinn , on Gonsiori Street. The clinic had a pioneering role in the study of mental illnesses, as it
960-414: Is an area of industry and agriculture but also an area of a well-known recreation and sports centre Otepää. The average gross salary in Valga County in 2013 was €729 (compared to the average salary in Estonia in 2013 – €949) As of 31 December 2013, there were 2,717 companies (930 self-employments and 1,787 business entities), 677 non-profit organizations and 23 foundations in Valga County. The turnover
1024-402: Is located in the southern part of Estonia. By the economic-geographical and regional-political distribution it belongs to the area of South-East Estonia (together with Põlva and Võru County). By historical ties and landscape the county belongs to the region of South Estonia (together with Põlva, Võru, Viljandi, Tartu and Jõgeva Counties ). With a population of 30,176 people (as of 1 January 2014),
1088-607: The Põlva District were united with the Valga District. In 1966, the area of Valtina was added and thus the final border of the Valga District was fixed. In December 1989, the chairman of the former Executive Committee of the Valga District, Uno Heinla, was elected as the inaugural county governor following Estonia's reestablished independence. On 22 February 1990, the RSN Executive Committee of
1152-517: The Säde River was the borderline, flowing through the northern part of Tireli Bog and falling into Lake Burtnieks . Meadows and forests surrounding the big Tireli Bog and the upper stream of the River Säde were probably even wider and impassable at that time and therefore functioning perfectly as a border. The ancient (13th century) national border ran in a totally different place. Assumably
1216-1141: The University of Tartu and the Estonian University of Life Sciences there are 9 other institutions of higher education, the most recent of them the Baltic Defence College . In the City of Tartu, Estonia's oldest professional theatre, Vanemuine , stages drama, opera and ballet. In 1869 the first Estonian Song Festival was held in Tartu, starting a tradition of choral song festivals which are now held in Tallinn every 4 years with 15,000–30,000 participants. Today Tartu Song Festival arena hosts various open-air concerts in summer. There are over 30 museums and art galleries in Tartu County, including Tartu City Museum , Tartu Art Museum , Toy Museum, Estonian Sports and Olympic Museum , Estonian Postal Museum , Estonian Aviation Museum , Estonian Museum of Agriculture , Old-Believers' Museum of Living History, and others. Biggest and most important of them
1280-597: The University of Tartu in 1632. Estonia's first teachers' training school was established in Tartu County in 1684, as well as the first Estonian schools for the children of peasants. Closed during and after the Great Northern War , Tartu University was re-opened in 1802 as the only university operating in German language in the Russian Empire . Economic development of the region was further encouraged by
1344-801: The 13th century, Tartu belonged to the Hanseatic League , and the town became a well-known trade centre in the Baltic Sea region. In 1569, together with Duchy of Livonia , Tartu became part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth . In 1598 Tartu became capital of the Dorpat Voivodeship , which remained part of the PLC until the 1620s, when the city was conquered by the Swedes. King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden established
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#17327730823471408-582: The County Governor; prepares draft documents required by the County Governor; manages and controls the execution of orders of the County Governor; manages the preparation of draft budgets of state agencies administered by the County Government, and controls adherence to the budgets; manages relations of the County Governor with government agencies and local government agencies. The county is subdivided into municipalities . As of 2017, there
1472-603: The National Government. In accordance with the Government of the Republic Act [1] , the County Governor represents interests of the state in the county and provides for integral and balanced development of the county. The County Governor co-ordinates co-operation of ministries and other organs of executive power located in a county with its local governments and performs supervision over the activities of
1536-557: The Valga District was reorganized and it became the Valga County Government. After Estonia regained its independence, there were three towns ( Valga , Tõrva and Otepää ) and 11 parishes formed in Valga County: Helme , Hummuli , Karula , Õru , Palupera , Põdrala , Pühajärve , Puka , Sangaste , Taheva and Tõlliste . On 1 January 1999, the town of Otepää and Pühajärve Parish were merged and
1600-536: The administrative division of 1939 lasted until 1950 when 39 county districts were formed. They were divided into 636 village soviets . The present territory of Valga County was divided into three parts: Valga , Tõrva and Otepää districts. In 1952 the oblasts of Tallinn , Tartu and Pärnu were formed on the territory of the Estonian SSR . In 1959 the liquidation of smaller districts began. Antsla , Otepää and Tõrva districts were liquidated. Tõrva and
1664-548: The area of Härgmäe belonged to Estonian settlements and the national border went from the springs of the River Säde, passed the forests until the northernmost oxbow of the Koiva River and onwards alongside the river. Most likely the area of Kaagjärve and Valga Town belonged to ancient Latgalians . After the crusades and the Ancient Freedom Fight in the 13th century, Valga County became a natural centre of
1728-526: The area of Valga County. Pine and spruce are the main species. Forests are differentiated by meadows, moorlands, everglades and bogs. 7,900 hectares of the total area are covered with bogs, of which 5,400 hectares are moorlands. The largest bogs are Rubina and Korva Bog . Valga County has many lakes. Most of them are located in Otepää Upland , on the area of Karula Hills and on the catchment area of Õhne River. There are more than 180 natural lakes with
1792-407: The area of Valga County. Võru County gave Kaagjärve , Karula , Laanemetsa and Taheva parishes, Tartu County gave Tõlliste , Laatre , Sangaste , Keeni and Kuigatsi parishes, Viljandi County gave Jõgeveste , Patküla , Koorküla , Taagepera , Leebiku , Helme , Lõve and Hummuli parishes. Later on, several administrative territorial changes were carried through. In 1921 Patküla parish
1856-424: The area of more than one hectare and with the total area of 17 km . The biggest lake is Pühjärv (286 ha), followed by Lake Aheru (234 ha). The southern part of Lake Võrtsjärv , with the area of 300 hectares, is also included within the borders of Valga County. Most of the lakes are quite shallow and not deeper than 10 m. The deepest lakes in the county are Udsu (30.2 m) and Petajärv (25 m), both located on
1920-503: The circumference of 6.98 m. The biggest glacial erratic of South Estonia is located in Valga County – Helgikivi with the circumference of 30.2 m and with the volume above the land of 61 m³. The substrate of the county is formed by Devonian sandstones which are quite porous, rich in micas and slightly cemented . Light-coloured sandstones from the Middle Devonian Burtniek stage, clay and marl layers are spread on
1984-460: The construction of the railway connecting Tartu with Tallinn, Riga and St. Petersburg . In the second half of the 19th century, the national awakening of Estonians began from Tartu region. After Estonia gained independence in 1918, Tartu, along with Tallinn, became one of the two main cultural centres of Estonia, where most of the Estonian intelligentsia of the time lived and worked. In 1987–1989,
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2048-480: The county is covered with forests, a third is cultivated. A quarter is made up of wetlands at the headwaters and lower course of the Emajõgi. In the northern part of the county, there are drumlin fields with lakes between them. Nature reserves, such as Pähklisaar Nature Reserve , Emajõe Suursoo and Alam-Pedja take up about 10% of the county's territory. Archaeological findings suggest that people first inhabited
2112-408: The county, there are 17 practice lists with 15 family physicians (GPs), 2 replacement physicians, 2 helping physicians and 19 family nurses. Family physician Merike Ausmees has the longest practice list of 2,500 patients, serving the areas of Tõrva Town, Helme and Põdrala Parish. There are 6 practice lists with more than 2,000 patients. Tõlliste and Õru Parish have the shortest list of 681 patients. By
2176-608: The end of 2013 health care was arranged by the County Governor but due to the changes in Health Care Law the competence has been forwarded to the Health Board as of 01.01.2013. There are 13 institutions offering welfare services in Valga County. Hellenurme Manor is the biggest institution with 390 bed seats. Four institutions are registered as non-profit organizations, two as joint-stock companies and one as
2240-473: The fertile lands, there are many big agricultural enterprises in the West of the county. Fishery is an important activity on the coast of Lake Peipus . There is development potential for knowledge intensive production in the region due to its universities. Some successful spin-offs of Tartu University are operating in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine. Since 2004, several ICT companies, orientated on
2304-424: The former area of Valga District. The present-day county was created on 1 January 1990. The capital and largest town of Valga County is Valga , followed by Tõrva and Otepää . It is situated in the southern part of the country and borders Põlva and Võru County to the east, Latvia to the south and west, and Viljandi and Tartu County to the north. 27,650 people live in Valga County as of 2022. Valga County
2368-658: The generation of new technological solutions. The R&D centres have been established in the areas of material and chemical technology, biomedical technology, environmental technology and information technology. The key actors of the region have signed an agreement about the county's development strategy, which is economic and social development through increase of the knowledge input into production and services. Economic development priorities: Tartu County has 69 schools with approximately 23,000 pupils. 11 vocational schools provide practical training in 50 specialities. 40% of Estonia's students live and study in Tartu. In addition to
2432-699: The historical Old Livonia where the most important roads from north, south and east went through, gaining strategical importance. City rights were given to Valga by a Polish King Stefan Batory in 1584. On the 3rdof July, 1783, the Empress Catherine II established a new administration order in the Baltic provinces . A new kreis (county), Valga Kreis, was constituted mainly from the territories of Riga and Võnnu Kreises. Valga Town which formerly belonged to Riga Kreis, went over to Valga Kreis. Valga Kreis consisted of eleven parishes, nine of them located on
2496-405: The international markets, have been growing fast. In order to facilitate innovation and technology transfer, Tartu Science Park is offering incubation and consultation services to research-based and high-tech oriented companies, and promoting cooperation between research institutions. Tartu University Institute of Technology is a research and development institution, which aims to facilitate
2560-540: The local governments. The County Governor is appointed for a five-year term by the Government of the Republic, on the basis of the Prime Minister's proposal and in co-ordination with the representatives of the local governments. On February 2, 2006, Esta Tamm was appointed Tartu County Governor. She assumed office February 15, 2006. The County Government manages the operations of and provides support services to
2624-530: The low and wet areas are covered with meadows and forests. The surrounding area of Tõrva-Helme is flatter but separated by the River Õhne and the valleys of its tributaries ( Valley of Tikste ). In many places the sandstone of the substrate can be seen on the hillsides. The territory is quite densely populated. The farmlands are varied by meadows, lakes and a few patches of forest. In the southern part, around Hummuli and Taagepera, some rolling hills can be found. In
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2688-487: The majority of the territory of the county. On the narrow stripe of the county's northern part, the sandstones of the Middle Devonian Aruküla Stage become visible. They are cross-bedded with the interlayers of siltstones , clays and dolomites . The substrate is covered by the complex of quaternary sediments ( glacial , limno-glacial and fluvio-glacial ). Moraine is dominant on the area of
2752-418: The middle part of Valga Basin there is a large boggy meadow of Korva. Larger farmlands are mainly situated around Sangaste and Laatre. The most various and highest part of the county is located around Otepää. The highest peaks are Kuutsemägi Hill (217 m), Meegaste Hill (214 m) and Harimägi Hill (212 m). The moraine landscape is varied by low rolling hills and many lakes, the biggest and the best-known lake
2816-698: The most popular ones. The most well-known and most visited tourism magnet is Otepää which also bears the title of Winter Capital each year from 21 December to 20 March, since 1996. The area of Otepää is known as one of the various all-in-one places where training camps and winter sports events are being held. When comparing accommodation services by Estonian counties, Valga County is holding the fourth position (after Harju County, Saaremaa and Pärnu County). As of 2013 there were 77 rooming houses, having altogether 826 rooms and 2,149 beds (data from subjects to statistics only). Tartu University Clinics The Tartu University Clinic ( Estonian : Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikum )
2880-417: The natural negative population growth is the mechanical growth – the people who have left the county. Religion in Valga County (2021) [1] The landscape of Valga County is various. The western part is located in the south-eastern part of Sakala Upland where the moraine plain is being varied by old valleys, some hills and ridges. In the northern part the landscape is characterized by small drumlins ,
2944-629: The north-west, with Tartu County in the north and Põlva and Võru County in the east. Valga County has a borderline with the Republic of Latvia in the south and west (102.4 km). It can be read from the Livonian Chronicle of Henry that the history of the county goes back to the 13th century when the Germans conquered the settlement. By the Chronicle the Ümera River was the borderline between Estonia and Latvia. Historians suggest that
3008-448: The northern and middle parts of the county. Gravels, sands, loams and bog sediments are diverged. The geological construction of the substrate is complicated (thickness is varying 10–100 m and more). The surface water lies at the depth of 0–10 m, on the hills even deeper. From the aspect of engineering geology, the ground of the county is mostly of good load-capacity, but the relief can be an obstacle for construction works. Valga County
3072-399: The population of Valga County was 30,176 – 47.5% of men and 52.5% of women. 14.93% were minors (age 0-14), 62.65% were at working age (age 15–64) and 22.41% were at retirement age (65 and older). 82.63% of the population were Estonians and 12.51% were Russians . The population density was 14.8 ppl/km . Since 2004 the population of the county has decreased by 4154 people. The main reason besides
3136-579: The present Latvian territory, and just two – Luke (Lugaži in Latvian, Luhde in German) and Härgmäe (Ērģeme in Latvian, Ermes in German) – had an edge on the present Estonian area, mostly near Valga, which became an attraction centre of the new kreis. In 1789, there were 891 citizens in Valga. As Valga became the centre of the kreis, Valga St. John's Church was founded and also the building of kreis institutions
3200-558: The southern part of the county, there is a large sandy area with big forests, moorlands and bogs . In the middle part of the county the valley of the River Väike-Emajõgi runs from north to south. It is continued by Valga Basin with mainly flexuous moraine landscape, cut through by low valleys or basin valleys. The most noticeable is the valley of the River Väike-Emajõgi where Pedeli Valley flows into. In
3264-423: The students' environmental and cultural heritage movement in Tartu initiated Estonia's Singing Revolution and restoration of the country's independence. Tartu County is an integrated economic system and labour area with its centre in the City of Tartu . There are 6000 companies and 2000 self-employed persons registered in Tartu County. More than 80% of the companies employ 10 or fewer people, only 5 companies in
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#17327730823473328-636: The territory of Koorküla Lakes where the old valleys have been filled by the sediments from the Ice age . There are four official swimming places – the beach of Riiska Lake and Vanamõisa Lake in Tõrva, the beach of Lake Pühajärv in Otepää and the beach on the sides of Pedeli River in Valga. The fish fauna of the lakes is quite changeable as many fish die during cold winters because of shallow water. Species such as whitefish , bream , pike , and perch die because of
3392-930: The territory of Valga County. Another important river is Pedeli, which flows through Valga and is the biggest tributary of the River Emajõgi. The River Õhne is flowing through Tõrva and the Jõku River is the tributary of the Õhne River. The River Mustjõgi flows through the south-eastern corner of the county towards Võru County . The territory under nature protection composes around 20% of the whole territory of Valga County. The most important nature objects under protection are Otepää Nature Park , Karula National Park and Koiva-Mustjõe Landscape Conservation Area . There are 60 different protection areas such as national parks, nature protection areas, landscape protection areas and their sub-types such as parks, stands and arboretum . The biggest one in Valga County and also in Estonia
3456-538: The territory of the current Tartu County about 5000 years ago. City of Tartu was first mentioned in historical records in 1030, when Yaroslav I the Wise organized a military campaign against Chuds , defeated them and established fort Yuryev in what is modern day Tartu. In 1224, after the conquest of the stronghold by the German invaders, Tartu became the capital of a diocese, stretching from Northern Estonia to Latvia . Since
3520-566: The total area of the county is 2,043.53 km (2,046.49 km together with the area of Võrtsjärv ), it reaches 65 km in the north–south direction and 59 km in the east–west direction. Valga County ranks the 12th in Estonia by population and the 14th by the area. The distances from the county centre, Valga, are the following: Tallinn 267 km, Tartu 86 km, Viljandi 88 km, Võru 73 km, Põlva 96 km, Pärnu 141 km, Narva 264 km and Riga 157 km. Valga County borders with Viljandi County in
3584-429: The village soviets of Haabsaare , Helme , Koorküla , Mõniste , Riidaja and Taagepera were united to Valga district. Otepää town and the village soviets of Otepää and Pühajärve were united to Elva district. In 1961 Mõniste was united to Võru district. The next year, in 1962, Otepää and the village soviets of Aakre , Otepää and Palupera were reunited with the Valga District. One year later, some areas of
3648-456: The whole region have more than 250 employees. Service sector provides 2/3 of the employment in the county. The City of Tartu is the service and logistics centre for the whole of South Estonia . A significant part of these jobs are in the public sector – especially education and medicine – and the biggest employer in the county is Tartu University Clinics with around 3000 employees, incl 455 doctors. The biggest private sector employer
3712-447: Was 1,233 t of meat and 28,585 t of milk. Stationary health care in Valga County is provided by AS Valga Haigla, SA Otepää Tervisekeskus and SA Tõrva Haigla. SA Otepää Tervisekeskus and SA Tõrva Haigla are meant for nursing care, SA Valga Haigla also offers medical specialist help in addition to nursing care. Different out-patient specialist services are being offered in all three institutions. To provide general medical help for citizens of
3776-423: Was average or higher in the following fields of economy: woodworking and manufacturing of wood and cork products, construction, food production, crop production, livestock farming and wholesale trade. Tourism is very important mainly around Otepää area. The export of products and services (142.5 mln EUR in 2013) was vastly higher than import (81 mln EUR). In 2014 the cultivated area was 24,123 ha of which 13,554 ha
3840-468: Was built in 1783-1786 (later it became a prison). On 12 February 1919, the Government of the Republic of Estonia issued a regulation of constitution of Valga County, consisting of the territories gained during the Estonian War of Independence . Several parts of Võru, Tartu and Viljandi Counties were close to Valga from the other side. On 19 April the first county governor was elected – Johann Kurvits,
3904-540: Was divided so that Estonia got the areas of Paju and Sooru Manors and the majority of Valga (where the citizens were mostly Estonians), the rest belonged to Latvia. Valga County, almost in its present shape, was formed on 6 September 1920 when the course of the War of Independence and the situation at that time required Valga's separation from the other counties. On 11 February 1921 the Estonian Government fixed
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#17327730823473968-668: Was separated from Holdre parish and Tõrva borough. Puraküla , which formerly belonged to Paju parish was united to the town of Valga in 1922. In 1924 Paju parish was united to Sooru parish and on 2 July 1926, it started to bear the name Tõrva . Since the second half of the 1920s until 1939 there were 19 parishes in Valga County. In 1939 many smaller parishes were united by the administrative reform. Ten parishes were left: Helme , Hummuli , Kaagjärve , Karula , Kuigatsi , Põdrala , Sangaste , Taheva , Tõlliste and Vaoküla . The last pre-occupation County Governor Värdi Vellner had to give up his power on 8 July 1940. Nevertheless,
4032-400: Was the world's first university clinic with a psychiatry department. Famous German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin worked there. The surgery of the clinic is connected with works of famous Russian surgeons Nikolay Pirogov (worked there in 1836–1840) and Nikolai Burdenko (worked there in 1906–1918). The Tartu University Hospital, also known as Tartu Hospital, located at 8 Puusepa Street,
4096-466: Was under grain, 1,236 ha was under legumes , 2,838 ha under rape and turnip rape, 93 ha under potato and 38 ha under field vegetables. By the end of 2013 the total harvest of grain was 40,662 t, legumes 2,256 t, rape and turnip rape seeds 7,184 t, potato 1,228 t and field vegetables 190 t. There were about 24,700 herd animals of which 12,100 were cattle (including 3,700 dairy cows), 1,200 pigs, 7,700 sheep and coats. The total production of cattle breeding
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