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70-519: Song Quest - Winner of the Branford Boase Award for 2000. In Song Quest , Rialle, a novice Singer, is asked to travel to the mainland in order to stop the hunting of Merlee and other Half Creatures, and her friend Frenn leaves orderly training to join her. As she leaves, another novice, Kherron, runs away from the Isle with the help of the merlee hunters. They discover Frazhin controlling

140-860: A Bronze Age origin for these creatures of myth. A painted terracotta centaur was found in the "Hero's tomb" at Lefkandi , and by the Geometric period , centaurs figure among the first representational figures painted on Greek pottery. An often-published Geometric period bronze of a warrior face-to-face with a centaur is at the Metropolitan Museum of Art . In Greek art of the Archaic period , centaurs are depicted in three different forms. There are also paintings and motifs on amphorae and Dipylon cups which depict winged centaurs. Centaurs were also frequently depicted in Roman art. One example

210-650: A bow is referred to as a sagittarius . Jerome's version of the Life of St Anthony the Great , written by Athanasius of Alexandria about the hermit monk of Egypt, was widely disseminated in the Middle Ages; it relates Anthony's encounter with a centaur who challenged the saint, but was forced to admit that the old gods had been overthrown. The episode was often depicted in The Meeting of St Anthony Abbot and St Paul

280-541: A cave in order to remain close to them. Quetzal are half-bird, half-human beings living in The Quetzal Forest. They have wings as well as arms, and beaks instead of mouths, and come in a variety of colours. They hatch from brightly coloured eggs in treetop nests, and although colourless eggs are sometimes laid, they are considered by the mothers to be unlucky and are rolled out of the nest. Quetzal naturally flock together in groups, and all quetzal share access to

350-620: A certain number of years to repay the debt for their schooling but are free to leave The Echorium, although many choose to stay. Silvertown is the nearest town to the Isle of the Echoes, approximately ten days sail away. It is a centre for trade in the region, and the beginning of the Great South trade route, which runs down the coast to Rivermeet in the Purple Plains. It features in both Song Quest and Dark Quetzal , primarily as

420-693: A collective Memoryplace, to which every quetzal can add. By accessing the Memoryplace using yellow flowers, it is possible for humans to learn about both the past and the possible futures of the world. Because of the extreme accuracy of the Memoryplace, quetzal are natural mimics. They cannot generally speak human languages except while mimicking, but under Frazhin's control Night Plume and his flock learned to speak, as well as how to produce bows and arrows fletched with their own feathers. Naga are half-human, half-water-snake, and live in rivers and other fresh water. Their children are born from eggs in caverns near

490-593: A fierce and valiant race always faithful to the High King Aslan the Lion. In J.K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series, centaurs live in the Forbidden Forest close to Hogwarts , preferring to avoid contact with humans. They live in societies called herds and are skilled at archery, healing, and astrology, but like in the original myths, they are known to have some wild and barbarous tendencies. With

560-456: A fire-breathing dragon on his shoulders, arriving to punish a sinner who has just cursed God. In his Purgatorio , an unseen spirit on the sixth terrace cites the centaurs ("the drunken double-breasted ones who fought Theseus") as examples of the sin of gluttony . C.S. Lewis ' The Chronicles of Narnia series depicts centaurs as the wisest and noblest of creatures. Narnian Centaurs are gifted at stargazing, prophecy, healing, and warfare;

630-561: A great number of books. Both Boase and Branford died in 1999 of cancer . The Branford Boase Award was created to celebrate and commemorate their names and memories and to encourage new talent in writing, which they worked for. The awards were a joint idea by Julia Eccleshare and Anne Marley who both had jobs to do with books. The Branford Boase Award runs alongside the Henrietta Branford Writing Competition for young writers (under 19). Winners receive

700-471: A hand-crafted box with the Branford Boase Award logo and a cheque for £1,000. The prize and the official website are currently sponsored by the best-selling children's writer Jacqueline Wilson . The award is given to both the author and their editor, "in recognition of the editor’s role in bringing a debut author to market." The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature has written that

770-489: A proud, elitist group of beings that consider themselves superior to all other creatures. The fourth book also has a variation on the species called an Alcetaur, which is part man, part moose. The myth of the centaur appears in John Updike 's novel The Centaur . The author depicts a rural Pennsylvanian town as seen through the optics of the myth of the centaur. An unknown and marginalized local school teacher, just like

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840-551: A relief by Michelangelo . The most common theory holds that the idea of centaurs came from the first reaction of a non-riding culture, as in the Minoan Aegean world , to nomads who were mounted on horses. The theory suggests that such riders would appear as half-man, half-animal. Bernal Díaz del Castillo reported that the Aztecs also had this misapprehension about Spanish cavalrymen. The Lapith tribe of Thessaly, who were

910-498: A river of boiling blood in which the violent against their neighbours are immersed, shooting arrows into any who move to a shallower spot than their allotted station. The two poets are treated with courtesy, and Nessus guides them to a ford. In Canto XXIV, in the eighth circle, in Bolgia 7, a ditch where thieves are confined, they meet but do not converse with Cacus (who is a giant in the ancient sources), wreathed in serpents and with

980-438: A strong selection of books that appeal to both boys and girls. Centaurs A centaur ( / ˈ s ɛ n t ɔːr , ˈ s ɛ n t ɑːr / SEN -tor, SEN -tar ; Ancient Greek : κένταυρος , romanized :  kéntauros ; Latin : centaurus ), occasionally hippocentaur , also called Ixionidae ( Ancient Greek : Ἰξιονίδαι , romanized :  Ixionídai , lit.   'sons of Ixion '),

1050-680: A study human skeleton with the skeleton of a Shetland pony , is entitled "Do you believe in Centaurs?". According to the exhibitors, it was meant to mislead students in order to make them more critically aware. Depictions of centaurs in a mythical land located south beyond the world's known continents appear on a map by Urbano Monti from 1587, sometimes called Monti's Planisphere. Centaurs are common in European heraldry, although more frequent in continental than in British arms. A centaur holding

1120-468: Is a British literary award presented annually to an outstanding children's or young-adult novel by a first-time writer; "the most promising book for seven year-olds and upwards by a first time novelist." The award is shared by both the author and their editor, which The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature noted is unusual for literary awards. Wendy Boase , Editorial Director of Walker Books , and Henrietta Branford worked together to produce

1190-489: Is a creature from Greek mythology with the upper body of a human and the lower body and legs of a horse that was said to live in the mountains of Thessaly . In one version of the myth, the centaurs were named after Centaurus , and, through his brother Lapithes , were kin to the legendary tribe of the Lapiths . Centaurs are thought of in many Greek myths as being as wild as untamed horses, and were said to have inhabited

1260-411: Is half-fish, half-humans inhabiting the seas around the Isle of Echoes. They live in large shoals, each presided over by one dominant male. Their children hatch from eggs, and at a young age resemble tadpoles, which live in pouches inside their mothers. Merlee have the power to control the weather on the ocean, creating storms, mists or clear days depending on their mood and their relationship with those on

1330-727: Is shown as a horse with the torso of a man where the horse's head would be, and is similar to a Greek centaur. A centaur-like half-human, half-equine creature called Polkan appeared in Russian folk art and lubok prints of the 17th–19th centuries. Polkan is originally based on Pulicane , a half-dog from Andrea da Barberino 's poem I Reali di Francia , which was once popular in the Slavonic world in prosaic translations. The extensive Mycenaean pottery found at Ugarit included two fragmentary Mycenaean terracotta figures which have been tentatively identified as centaurs. This finding suggests

1400-637: Is the pair of centaurs drawing the chariot of Constantine the Great and his family in the Great Cameo of Constantine ( circa AD 314–16), which embodies wholly pagan imagery, and contrasts sharply with the popular image of Constantine as the patron of early Christianity. Centaurs preserved a Dionysian connection in the 12th-century Romanesque carved capitals of Mozac Abbey in the Auvergne . Other similar capitals depict harvesters, boys riding goats (a further Dionysiac theme), and griffins guarding

1470-566: The Gigantes . Philip Jose Farmer 's World of Tiers series (1965) includes centaurs, called Half-Horses or Hoi Kentauroi. His creations address several of the metabolic problems of such creatures—how could the human mouth and nose intake sufficient air to sustain both itself and the horse body and, similarly, how could the human ingest sufficient food to sustain both parts. Brandon Mull 's Fablehaven series features centaurs that live in an area called Grunhold. The centaurs are portrayed as

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1540-721: The Lamian Pheres , twelve rustic daimones (spirits) of the Lamos river . They were set by Zeus to guard the infant Dionysos , protecting him from the machinations of Hera , but the enraged goddess transformed them into ox-horned Centaurs unrelated to the Cyprian Centaurs. The Lamian Pheres later accompanied Dionysos in his campaign against the Indians. The centaur's half-human, half-horse composition has led many writers to treat them as liminal beings , caught between

1610-554: The chalice that held the wine. Centaurs are also shown on a number of Pictish carved stones from north-east Scotland erected in the 8th–9th centuries AD (e.g., at Meigle , Perthshire). Though outside the limits of the Roman Empire , these depictions appear to be derived from Classical prototypes. The John C. Hodges library at The University of Tennessee hosts a permanent exhibit of a "Centaur from Volos " in its library. The exhibit, made by sculptor Bill Willers by combining

1680-549: The 3rd millennium BC. In a popular legend associated with Pazhaya Sreekanteswaram Temple in Thiruvananthapuram , the curse of a saintly Brahmin transformed a handsome Yadava prince into a creature having a horse's body and the prince's head, arms, and torso in place of the head and neck of the horse. Kinnaras , another half-man, half-horse mythical creature from Indian mythology , appeared in various ancient texts, arts, and sculptures from all around India . It

1750-573: The Echorium and the Singers, and therefore one of the most important locations in the series. The island is the setting for the beginning and ending of every novel except Dark Quetzal (which begins on the Isle, but ends on the Purple Plains). In addition to the Singers, the Isle of Echoes houses a number of orderlies, patients visiting the Isle for treatment, and several non-Singer villages,

1820-483: The Echorium is traditionally run by a female First Singer, while a male Second Singer represents the Echorium's interests overseas. The Second Singer usually travels on the official Echorium ship, which is known as the Wavesong. All adult Singers, with the exception of the claustrophobic Rialle, live in the Echorium, where it is easiest for them to fulfil the two main duties asked of them in repayment for their teaching on

1890-576: The Echorium. Although bluestone is only found on the Isle and is considered very valuable, it is occasionally given away as a "trust gift" to those who make treaties with Singers, so that they can be sung to over a distance if the need arises. Khiz, sometimes called khiz-crystal or crystal, is a black crystal with many properties similar to bluestone. In addition to conducting the Songs and relaying messages over large distances, it controls and views people's thoughts and memories. Treated khiz can also help resist

1960-524: The Fall of Clouds, and all naga obsessively collect glittering objects, generally called "sparklies". They can be communicated with only through Wild Speech, and can be called to from most river banks. Centaurs are half-horse, half-humans living on the Purple Plains. They live in herds ruled over by a stallion, and their horse bodies are shades of blue and purple ranging from nearly white to nearly black. They wear mare's-hair tunics on their upper bodies, and are

2030-585: The Hermit by the painter Stefano di Giovanni , who was known as "Sassetta". Of the two episodic depictions of the hermit Anthony 's travel to greet the hermit Paul, one is his encounter with the demonic figure of a centaur along the pathway in a wood. Lucretius , in his first-century BC philosophical poem On the Nature of Things , denied the existence of centaurs, based on the differing rates of growth of human and equine anatomies. Specifically, he states that at

2100-585: The Isle: to teach the novices of the Echorium, and to sing on the Pentangle. Singer training begins from an early age, and Singers are expected to give their children to the Echorium as novices. These novices are born and raised in the Birthing House, then move to the Echorium when they are old enough to begin their studies. Novice classes are arranged so that the entire class begins puberty - particularly,

2170-494: The Karchlord with poisoned merlee eggs and keeping the other inhabitants under control using khiz ures to stop him. Set 20 years after Song Quest, Crystal Mask introduces Rialle's son Renn as a novice at the Echorium, who must travel overseas when the arrival of Shaiala, a wild girl who claims to have been raised by centaurs, casts doubt on the long-held belief that Frazhin is dead. Between them, they discover that Frazhin, with

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2240-529: The Song Potion used to relax patients. Typically, those awaiting Songs are the ill from the Mainland or the Isle, awaiting treatment for their illness, but disobedient novices may be sent for punishment Songs, and occasionally, the Pentangle is used to send a punishment or healing Song via a bluestone trust gift to a distant recipient. Important Singers may have offices near the Pentangle; the daily life of

2310-620: The Songs of Power to manipulate, heal and punish those around them. There are five Songs, which are listed in The Echorium Anthem at the start of each book: The Songs are amplified through certain materials, including bluestone, khiz and water, and have the most effect when sung to a relaxed individual by five Singers on the corners of a Pentangle. In addition to each Song's individual properties, they can all be used to contact Half Creatures and communicate over distance with bluestones. The Singers have other magical abilities related to

2380-480: The Songs' power, and sap people nearby of their will. Khiz is mined primarily in The Sunless Valley in the Purple Plains, and is the weapon of choice for Frazhin. Frazhin often carries a khiz-spear with which to control people around him, and after Song Quest he uses khiz masks to hide his disfigurement, apparently replacing some of his injured body parts with khiz. Many parts of the series revolve around

2450-539: The Songs, including listening over great distances and listening to determine if someone is lying to them. Half Creatures are half-human, half-animal sentient beings living in secluded areas of the world. All Half Creatures are protected under treaty from being hunted or enslaved, and while not all can speak aloud, they can communicate using Wild Speech with each other, and with certain Singer novices. There are four types, each with distinct abilities and ways of life. Merlee

2520-669: The South of Silvertown, the Purple Plains is a large, mostly empty region occupied mainly by nomadic tribes called the Horselords. The main tribes featured in the series are the Kaleri and the Harai, the latter considered untrustworthy. Although much of the region is uninhabited, some large towns on the rivers aid the Great South trade route, including Southport and Rivermeet. The Plains are the main location for Crystal Mask , in which they are

2590-425: The age of three years, horses are in the prime of their life while humans at the same age are still little more than babies, making hybrid animals impossible. Centaurs are among the creatures which 14th-century Italian poet Dante placed as guardians in his Inferno . In Canto XII, Dante and his guide Virgil meet a band led by Chiron and Pholus , guarding the bank of Phlegethon in the seventh circle of Hell,

2660-672: The area between the Karch and the Purple Plains. As the name suggests, it is the natural habitat of the quetzal, but also provides a home for the Forest People, a mysterious race who use the unique flora of the forest to produce astounding healing potions and to see into the future by accessing the quetzal Memoryplace. The Forest is the main setting for Dark Quetzal and is the home of Night Plume's flock in Frazhin's Starmaker temple. Branford Boase Award The Branford Boase Award

2730-469: The award's "success in talent-spotting has been impressive, consistently recognising debut works by writers who subsequently go on to achieve great things—among them Marcus Sedgwick , Mal Peet , Meg Rosoff , B. R. Collins , Frances Hardinge , Sally Prue , Kevin Brooks and Siobhan Dowd ." In 2018 judges for the competition criticized the amount of family dramas nominated for the award, stating that it

2800-426: The base for both Frazhin, who acts as the khizpriest and head of the area's religion, and the merlee hunters wanted by the Singer delegation. The mountainous region is almost impassable, and often at risk of avalanches, in the winter. The inhabitants of the region - known as Karchholders - are known as ferocious warriors, and wear the finger bones of their dead enemies in their braided hair to show prowess in battle. To

2870-470: The black (khiz crystal). Bluestone is the material the Isle of Echoes is made of, and it has many properties related to the Singers. Its presence amplifies the power of the Songs, and for this reason the Echorium is constructed out of it. It can also help transmit Songs and messages over great distances: when the Second Singer travels, he often takes with him a piece of bluestone with which to contact

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2940-502: The centre of the Isle of Echoes and includes housing for Singers, novices and orderlies, classrooms, treatment cells, offices and the Pentangle. Nearby, although not technically in the Echorium, is the Birthing House. The Pentangle is considered to be the heart of the Echorium. A five-sided bluestone chamber, it is the location for all official Songs and the focus of the Singers' power. Nearby, several treatment cells are located for those awaiting or recovering from Songs, along with stores of

3010-586: The changes to their voice - at around the same time, in their Final Year. Crystal Mask suggests that (male) novices remain at the Echorium for nine years, and Dark Quetzal gives Kyarra, who is a year younger than the rest of her Final Year class, as eleven years old. Together, these statements suggest that novices begin classes at the age of three, but since boys in the class are expected to be older (since they enter puberty later), this figure may not be wholly accurate. Novices attend Singer-taught classes in many subjects, including Songs, Diplomacy and History. At

3080-632: The earth by Centaurs wielding rocks and the branches of trees. In her article "The Centaur: Its History and Meaning in Human Culture", Elizabeth Lawrence claims that the contests between the centaurs and the Lapiths typify the struggle between civilization and barbarism. The Centauromachy is most famously portrayed in the metopes of the Parthenon by Phidias and in the Battle of the Centaurs ,

3150-434: The end of their schooling, only those with the best voices are accepted as Singers, while the others are given a mild form of Yehn to make them forget the Songs and then are trained as orderlies. Typically, male orderlies supervise the security of the Singers, including travelling with the Second Singer in groups of five known as Pentads, while female orderlies work in the Birthing House. Orderlies and Singers alike must work for

3220-536: The exception of Chiron , the centaurs in Rick Riordan 's Percy Jackson & the Olympians are seen as wild party-goers who use a lot of American slang. Chiron retains his mythological role as a trainer of heroes and is skilled in archery. In Riordan's subsequent series, Heroes of Olympus , another group of centaurs are depicted with more animalistic features (such as horns) and appear as villains, serving

3290-539: The halfway point between the Isle of Echoes and the Karchhold. The town's inhabitants are known to be wary of both Singers and Karchholders - the former due to superstition, and the latter due to vicious raids conducted before Song Quest. The Karchhold is a kingdom in the northern mountains, which is ruled over at the time of the series by the Karchlord Azri. It is one of the main settings for Song Quest , as

3360-435: The help of his lover Yashra, has been kidnapping children and enslaving Half Creatures in an attempt to build a khiz palace of the Songs to rival the Echorium. By combining Renn's songs with Shaiala's centaur kicks, the khiz is defeated and Yashra captured, although Frazhin disappears, presumed drowned. Eleven years after Crystal Mask , Kyarra, a gifted young novice, is horrified to learn from her friend Caell's discussion with

3430-669: The home of Shaiala Two Hoof and the location for Frazhin's Khizalace, and also appear in Dark Quetzal . The area is home to both centaurs and nagas and is a source of headstones in the Dancing Canyons and khiz crystal, in the Sunless Valley which can only be reached through underwater tunnels or through the Pass of Silence, which is prone to avalanches. Quetzal Forest is a large, mostly uncharted forest occupying much of

3500-526: The horse as a totem . A similar theory was incorporated into Mary Renault 's The Bull from the Sea . Though female centaurs, called centaurides or centauresses, are not mentioned in early Greek literature and art, they do appear occasionally in later antiquity. A Macedonian mosaic of the 4th century BC is one of the earliest examples of the centauress in art. Ovid also mentions a centauress named Hylonome who committed suicide when her husband Cyllarus

3570-479: The khiz. In Song Quest , the khiz was worshipped, with Frazhin as its priest, using it to control thoughts and force others to tell the truth. In Crystal Mask , Frazhin created a khiz mining operation in The Sunless Valley and built the Khizalace out of the crystal. He also used a pair of khiz masks to communicate with Yashra over long distances and to allow her to wipe people's memories, and a piece of khiz crystal

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3640-485: The kinsmen of the Centaurs in myth, were described as the inventors of horse-riding by Greek writers. The Thessalian tribes also claimed their horse breeds were descended from the centaurs. Robert Graves (relying on the work of Georges Dumézil , who argued for tracing the centaurs back to the Indian Gandharva ), speculated that the centaurs were a dimly remembered, pre-Hellenic fraternal earth cult who had

3710-408: The largest of which is called Harbourtown, in which the main trade is fishing. The waters around the Isle are infested with merlee, and although the Singers are viewed with superstition by many mainlanders, there is a strong trade link with Silvertown based upon the Singer's therapies. The Echorium is the collective name for the complex of bluestone buildings in which the Singers live. It is located in

3780-466: The light around an area, rendering anyone in that area invisible from the outside. As they are very hard to extract from the rock, they are primarily used by centaurs, although one is also possessed by Shaiala. The Isle of Echoes is a small island made entirely of bluestone and situated in the Western Sea, ten days sail from Silvertown and thirty from Southport on the Purple Plains. It is the home of

3850-419: The merlee that her parents were not Singers, and she falls into a trap and is kidnapped. Meanwhile, Night Plume, a dark-coloured quetzal under Frazhin's control, suddenly finds himself free after being sung to by a captured Rialle. He fetches the Singers to help while Kyarra struggles with her new identity as Frazhin and Yashra's daughter, and all the while, Frazhin grows closer to eradicating Singers forever using

3920-507: The mythological Chiron did for Prometheus, gave up his life for the future of his son who had chosen to be an independent artist in New York. Other hybrid creatures appear in Greek mythology, always with some liminal connection that links Hellenic culture with archaic or non-Hellenic cultures: Also, Additionally, Bucentaur , the name of several historically important Venetian vessels,

3990-568: The nymph Stilbe . In the latter version of the story, Centaurus's twin brother was Lapithes , ancestor of the Lapiths . Another tribe of centaurs was said to have lived on Cyprus . According to Nonnus , the Cyprian Centaurs were fathered by Zeus , who, in frustration after Aphrodite had eluded him, spilled his seed on the ground of that land. Unlike those of mainland Greece, the Cyprian centaurs were ox-horned. There were also

4060-404: The only Half Creatures able to communicate through human speech, although they generally use a form of Wild Speech known as Herd. Every adult in the herd carries a herdstone, and to join the herd foals must independently travel to the Dancing Canyons and extract a herdstone of their own from the rock. Centaurs can use these herdstones to bend light around themselves, rendering the herd invisible from

4130-536: The outside, and they used this ability to hide their existence from humans until the events of Crystal Mask. Centaurs have developed powerful kicks for hunting and defence which make them very dangerous to attack. Several forms of stone in the series are shown to have magical properties; in Dark Quetzal , these are referred to as the three Stones of Power of the Earth: the blue (bluestone), the green (herdstones) and

4200-476: The quetzal Memoryplace. The characters from the series come together to stop him, and eventually, the world is put right, Frazhin is killed, and the Half Creatures are freed. Many different forms of magic are used within the series and are not always referred to as such. However, the supernatural occurrence can be roughly divided into three parts: Songs, Half Creatures, and Stones of Power. Singers use

4270-697: The region of Magnesia and Mount Pelion in Thessaly, the Foloi oak forest in Elis , and the Malean peninsula in southern Laconia . Centaurs are subsequently featured in Roman mythology , and were familiar figures in the medieval bestiary. They remain a staple of modern fantastic literature. The Greek word kentauros is generally regarded as being of obscure origin. The etymology from ken + tauros , 'piercing bull',

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4340-519: The rest of the Lapith women on the day of Hippodamia's marriage to Pirithous , who was the king of the Lapithae and a son of Ixion. Theseus , a hero and founder of cities, who happened to be present, threw the balance in favour of the Lapiths by assisting Pirithous in the battle. The Centaurs were driven off or destroyed. Another Lapith hero, Caeneus , who was invulnerable to weapons, was beaten into

4410-417: The ships currently travelling. They are notoriously forgetful, and may have to be reminded several times to maintain the weather asked of them. Although they cannot speak human languages, the merlee have a close relationship with Singers, and often communicate through Wild Speech with novices on the Isle, although they are closest to Rialle, who maintained to ability to speak with them into adulthood and lives in

4480-418: The shortlist submissions for 2022, noting that there was a wider variety of authors and that they were more ambitious, which they felt resulted in "freshly told stories which reflect the writers’ understanding of the needs of today’s readers and the certainty of authors and publishers that those readers want to read outside their own experiences." Publishing Perspectives praised the 2022 shortlist for including

4550-495: The two natures they embody in contrasting myths; they are both the embodiment of untamed nature, as in their battle with the Lapiths (their kin), and conversely, teachers like Chiron . The Centaurs are best known for their fight with the Lapiths who, according to one origin myth, would have been cousins to the centaurs. The battle, called the Centauromachy, was caused by the centaurs' attempt to carry off Hippodamia and

4620-480: Was a euhemerist suggestion in Palaephatus ' rationalizing text on Greek mythology, On Incredible Tales (Περὶ ἀπίστων), which included mounted archers from a village called Nephele eliminating a herd of bulls that were the scourge of Ixion's kingdom. Another possible related etymology can be "bull-slayer". The centaurs were usually said to have been born of Ixion and Nephele . As the story goes, Nephele

4690-462: Was a cloud made into the likeness of Hera in a plot to trick Ixion into revealing his lust for Hera to Zeus . Ixion seduced Nephele and from that relationship centaurs were created. Another version, however, makes them children of Centaurus , a man who mated with the Magnesian mares. Centaurus was either himself the son of Ixion and Nephele (inserting an additional generation) or of Apollo and

4760-404: Was formulaic and showed a lack of diversity. Judge Philip Womack stated that at least third of the books fell into this category and that they all had a “very similar narrative: there’s an ill child at home, who notices something odd, and is probably imagining it, but not telling the reader. They’re all in the first person, all in the present tense, all of a type". The Bookseller commented on

4830-496: Was killed in the war with the Lapiths. The Kalibangan cylinder seal , dated to be around 2600–1900 BC, found at the site of Indus-Valley civilization shows a battle between men in the presence of centaur-like creatures. Other sources claim the creatures represented are actually half human and half tigers, later evolving into the Hindu Goddess of War . These seals are also evidence of Indus-Mesopotamia relations in

4900-515: Was placed in Kherron's throat to disable his singing voice. In Dark Quetzal , placing khiz in nests is used to make Half Creatures loyal to Frazhin, and khiz is shown to be able to control the quetzal Memoryplace, both as a khiz spear and as the Fane, a giant ball of the crystal, which Frazhin seals himself inside. Herdstones are green stones extracted from the Dancing Canyons. They can be used to bend

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