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36-523: Tigre Partido is a partido of Buenos Aires Province , Argentina, situated in the northern part of Greater Buenos Aires . The department covers a large section of the Paraná Delta and its low-lying islands. The main town of the division is Tigre ; other towns include Don Torcuato , El Talar , General Pacheco , Benavídez . The partido is bound to the north by the Paraná de las Palmas River , to

72-448: A kiln , mudbricks continued to be in use. Even today, mudbricks are the standard of vernacular architecture in some warmer regions- mainly in parts of Africa and western Asia . In the 20th century, the compressed earth block was developed using high pressure as a cheap and eco-friendly alternative to obtain non-fired bricks with more strength than the simpler air-dried mudbricks. The history of mudbrick production and construction in

108-528: A remembrance of those days. A procession by boat was made by the first time in 1923. Even today, this feast is celebrated on 8 December, the Immaculate Conception day. The procession is headed by the image of Virgin Mary on board of a boat of the "Prefectura Naval Argentina" (national coast guard) and is followed by all types of boats, big and small, commercial and private, all of them decked out for

144-551: A secret group of green islands, which get lost at unknown waters of such a slow river that literature called it frozen..." The history of Tigre dates back to a port on the banks of Las Conchas River, which gave origin to Las Conchas Village. The port was used by the ships sailing the Paraná River to or from Paraguay and also by those who carried wood, coal and firewood from the Delta to Buenos Aires. Las Conchas River (named after

180-530: A smuggler's hiding place. From the moment Sarmiento encouraged development, new settlers came to the islands to live of the commercial exploitation of their products. Construction materials from the islands included sun-dried bricks , rush, straw and wood. The simple huts made from these materials were followed by houses made entirely of wood. The early inhabitants lived mostly by hunting and fishing and on small palm coconuts (cocos australis). A few tribes sowed corn and peanuts, and grew fruit trees. In colonial times

216-427: Is a unicameral body, one-half of whose members are elected every two years to serve four-year terms and can be reelected for a new term. If they have been re-elected, they can not be re-elected in the same position, but with an interval of one period. The number of councillors depends on the population of every partido. According to decret-law 6769/58 the number of councillors varies as follows: Buenos Aires Province

252-438: Is administered by an executive and a legislative branch, respectively, the mayor ( intendente ) and a council ( concejo deliberante ), similar to a county council . It is considered a strong mayor -council form of government. The mayor is elected to four-year terms and can be reelected for a new term. If they have been re-elected, they can not be re-elected in the same position, but with an interval of one period. The council

288-638: Is divided into 135 partidos. Spanish language page has more data on more of the partidos: https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Partidos_de_la_provincia_de_Buenos_Aires Mudbrick Mudbrick or mud-brick , also known as unfired brick, is an air-dried brick , made of a mixture of mud (containing loam , clay , sand and water ) mixed with a binding material such as rice husks or straw . Mudbricks are known from 9000 BCE. From around 5000–4000 BCE, mudbricks evolved into fired bricks to increase strength and durability. Nevertheless, in some warm regions with very little timber available to fuel

324-512: Is native to European and Asian cold and temperate regions, was proposed by Sarmiento because it can resist floods. Another plant that adapts to floodable lands is New Zealand flax ( phormium tenax ), which was industrialised as from 1925 and is used in containers, burlap, cords, threads, runners and mats. By the end of the 20th century, the competition from synthetic fibres made it uneconomic. Fishing and coypu breeding are other economic activities that are no longer attractive. Modern developments in

360-478: Is often referred to as adobe style , regardless of the construction method. The Great Mosque of Djenné , in central Mali , is the world's largest mudbrick structure. It, like much of Sahelian architecture, is built with a mudbrick called Banco , a recipe of mud and grain husks, fermented, and either formed into bricks or applied on surfaces as a plaster like paste in broad strokes. This plaster must be reapplied annually. In some cases, brickmakers extended

396-521: Is still made throughout the world today, using both modern and traditional methods. The 9000 BCE dwellings of Jericho were constructed from mudbricks, affixed with mud, as were those at numerous sites across the Levant over the following millennia. Well-preserved mudbricks from a site at Tel Tsaf, in the Jordan Valley, have been dated to 5200 BCE, though there is no evidence that either site

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432-550: The Ancient Greek world, mudbrick was commonly used for the building of walls, fortifications and citadels, such as the walls of the Citadel of Troy (Troy II). These mudbricks were often made with straw or dried vegetable matter. In areas of Spanish influence, mud-brick construction is called adobe , and developed over time into a complete system of wall protection, flat roofing and finishes which in modern English usage

468-479: The Mature Harappan phase fired bricks were used. The Mesopotamians used sun-dried bricks in their city construction; typically these bricks were flat on the bottom and curved on the top, called plano-convex mud bricks. Some were formed in a square mould and rounded so that the middle was thicker than the ends. Some walls had a few courses of fired bricks from their bases up to the splash line to extend

504-1115: The Municipales , or councillors , who were elected by the citizens of the different partidos. Since 1890 the head of the government is called Intendente ( Intendant ), or Mayor , and is directly elected by the citizens. On October 24, 1864 the Legislature of the Province of Buenos Aires sanctioned law № 422, dividing the province into 45 partidos: Arrecifes, Baradero, Barrancas al Sud (Avellaneda), Belgrano ( Barrio Belgrano ), Cañuelas, Carmen de Areco, Chacabuco, Chascomús, Chivilcoy, del Pilar, Ensenada, Exaltación de la Cruz, General las Heras, General San Martín, Giles, Junín, Matanza, Las Conchas (Tigre), Lobos, Lomas de Zamora, Luján, Magdalena, Mercedes, Merlo, Monte, Moreno, Morón, Navarro, Pergamino, Quilmes, Ramallo, Ranchos, Rivadavia, Rojas, Salto, San Antonio, San Fernando, San Isidro, San José de Flores ( Barrio Flores ), San Nicolás, San Pedro, San Vicente, Suipacha, Viedma and Zárate. Every partido

540-529: The Tigre Club was opened in 1912. These elegant buildings became meeting places for the social elite of the " Belle Époque ". The hotel was demolished in 1940 but the club is still there today and has been declared a National Historic Monument. The Delta Rugby Club is centered in Tigre Partido. Tigre Partido is divided into six divisions or localidades : Partidos of Buenos Aires By

576-617: The Union por la Patria coalition. The Partido was originally named the District of ' Las Conchas' after a local river (now known as the Reconquista River), but became popularly known as 'Tigre' in the 19th century. Tigre was also the name of a stream and is thought to derive from the tigres or jaguars seen in the area when it was first settled. In 1952, the name of the partido was officially changed to "Tigre Partido". A port

612-495: The southern Levant may be dated as far back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (e.g., PPNA Jericho). These sun dried mudbricks, also known as adobe or just mudbrick, were made from a mixture of sand, clay, water and frequently tempered (e.g. chopped straw and chaff branches), and were the most common method/material for constructing earthen buildings throughout the ancient Near East for millennia. Unfired mud-brick

648-476: The area include apiculture, camellia and azalea nurseries, handicrafts and timber. At the Delta Products Market of Tigre, various Delta products are sold. Towards the end of the 19th century islanders became aware of their identity. They shared their common interest and troubles in the Delta journal, founded in 1933 by a Hungarian immigrant called Sandor Mikler. At that time 20,000 people lived on

684-462: The area supplied Buenos Aires with firewood and coal. Later on, fruit growing prevailed up to 1940.That year a river rise spoiled most plants and the crisis provoked a mass departure of a large part of the population. The emergence of new fruit markets in other regions of the country hindered the recovery of this traditional economic resource. Other regional products are wicker baskets and pieces of furniture. The cultivation of osier (salix sp), which

720-447: The end of 18th century the town council ( cabildo ) of Buenos Aires established the first partidos in the countryside: San Isidro del Pago de la Costa ( San Isidro ) in 1779 and San Vicente , Quilmes , Magdalena , La Matanza , Cañada de Morón ( Morón ), Las Conchas ( Tigre ) and San Pedro in 1784. At the head of every partido, the cabildo appointed a rural judge called Alcalde de la Santa Hermandad . The judge, or alcalde , had

756-519: The event. A lot of spectators applaud the march from the banks of the Luján River. Rowing was one of the main attractions that fuelled the boom of the area. Rowing practice had started in the south of Buenos Aires and little by little was moved to the Luján river due to the tranquility and beauty of the place. President Sarmiento was present at the first regatta organised on 8 December 1873. The event

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792-616: The favourable development possibilities of the islands and fought for the rights of settlers to own the land they were working on. His house on the island has been turned into a museum that lies on the bank of the river that bears his name. In those decades the country underwent a significant immigration process and many of those immigrants settled on the islands. The railway line to San Fernando, which arrived in 1863 and reached Tigre in 1865, improved communications with Buenos Aires and eased trade of Delta products, basically fresh fruit and its by-products such as fruit juice, jams and cider. Likewise,

828-411: The islands and the population peaked at 40,000 in the following years. In 1936 local producers and entrepreneurs founded an association called "Consejo de Productores Isleños" (island producers board) and the following year they declared 31 October to be "islanders day". The celebration takes place every year with the attendance of local authorities and neighbours. There was an intense social activities on

864-569: The islands with weekly meetings at the numerous clubs in the area. Weddings were celebrated either in the coastal villages, such as Campana or San Fernando, or in the island chapels. To facilitate religious service on the islands, a floating church to sail along the rivers was set up. As the service was rather expensive it was discontinued towards 1952. The bell tower is now exhibited at the Police Station in Paraná de las Palmas and Carapachay, as

900-577: The life of the building. In Minoan Crete , at the Knossos site, there is archaeological evidence that sun-dried bricks were used in the Neolithic period (prior to 3400 BCE). Sun dried mudbrick was the most common construction material employed in ancient Egypt during pharaonic times and were made in pretty much the same way for millennia. Mud from some locations required sand, chopped straw or other binders such as animal dung to be mixed in with

936-572: The mission to maintain the law and order in the surrounding rural area of Buenos Aires, fighting against cattle raiders . The alcalde was helped by a constabulary called Santa Hermandad (Holy Brotherhood) created in the late 15th century by the Catholic Monarchs and transplanted to the colonies. In 1821 the Governor Martín Rodríguez and his minister Bernardino Rivadavia dissolved the cabildos and since then

972-475: The mud to increase durability and plasticity. Workers gathered mud from the Nile river and poured it into a pit. Workers then tramped on the mud while straw was added to solidify the mold. The mudbricks were chemically suitable as fertilizer , leading to the destruction of many ancient Egyptian ruins, such as at Edfu . A well-preserved site is Amarna . Mudbrick use increased at the time of Roman influence. In

1008-515: The northeast by the Río de la Plata , to the southeast by San Fernando Partido , to the south by San Martín Partido , to the southwest by Malvinas Argentinas Partido and to the west by Escobar Partido . Its total area including the islands is 368 km (142 sq mi) and its population was 376,381 as of 2010. The current mayor is Julio Cesar Zamora , from the Renewal Front within

1044-500: The outflow of water came out through a small stream called Tigre, causing the widening of its bed and turning it into a river. The port was then moved to its present location by the Tigre River and in time the village was named Tigre. During the second half of the 19th century the area became economically and socially more important, mainly due to Domingo F. Sarmiento , president of Argentina from 1868 to 1872. Sarmiento insisted on

1080-472: The sea shell debris that was abundant in the riverbed) is now called Reconquista and runs along Liniers street. The hamlet surrounding the port grew as its strategic importance increased, mostly since the 18th century. By 1780 a church had already been built and the parish was established at that time. Many river rises, floods and heavy rainstorms hit the area. One of the first historically registered catastrophes occurred in early June 1805, when Las Conchas village

1116-403: The train allowed one-day visits by city dwellers. This favoured the setting up of places to spend the day on the islands, called recreos, and aroused interest in rowing along the quiet waters. The earliest inhabitants of the islands were indigenous groups called guaraníes . In colonial times there was no stable population but nomadic hunters or firewood and coal seekers. Occasionally, it was also

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1152-402: Was almost devastated by a heavy rainstorm that made the river overflow its banks. Most of the people moved to higher nearby lands where San Fernando village was founded, and a channel was built to be used as a new port. The village was deserted and almost completely abandoned. In August 1820 it was destroyed by a tornado once again. The rising floodwaters trapped the port entrance. At the same time

1188-621: Was first built at the mouth of the Las Conchas river, which itself became known as Las Conchas. It served the islands and became an important strategic and smuggling point, targeted by Portuguese, English and Spanish invaders. The partido was officially founded in 1790, but the settlements were hit by floods and the town was moved to the present site of Tigre, at the mouth of the Luján River by 1820. Argentine author Jorge Luis Borges said about Tigre: "no other city do I know that adjoins

1224-548: Was so successful that the existing rowing clubs moved to Tigre, and new ones were founded by members of the various foreign communities residing in Buenos Aires. Yachting started to be practised in 1883, when the "Yacht Club Argentino", whose headquarters were later moved to San Fernando, was founded, and then at the "Tigre Sailing Club". The Tigre Hotel , was opened in 1890 on the bank of the Lujan River, and next to it

1260-425: Was the first to use the technology. Evidence suggests that the mudbrick composition at Tel Tsaf was stable for at least 500 years, throughout the middle Chalcolithic period. The South Asian inhabitants of Mehrgarh constructed and lived in mud-brick houses between 7000–3300 BCE. Mud bricks were used at more than 15 reported sites attributed to the 3rd millennium BCE in the ancient Indus Valley civilization . In

1296-510: Was the governor itself who appointed the judges, now called Juez de Paz (Justice of the Peace), his administrative territory was called Partido judicial (Judicial district) hence the name of the subdivision. In 1856 the office of Juez de Paz was replaced by a Presidente de la Municipalidad , or Municipal President. It was appointed by the Governor from a list of three candidates presented by

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