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56-721: Trust Merchant Bank or TMB , is a commercial bank based in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), with its headquarters located in Lubumbashi . The bank began operations in 2004. TMB operates in all sectors of the local banking market, including in retail banking, SME banking, corporate banking, and mobile banking. The bank is regulated by the Central Bank of Congo and is a member of the Association Congolaise des Banques . Trust Merchant Bank

112-541: A zoo , and the regional archaeological and ethnological National Museum of Lubumbashi . Every two years, the Biennale of Lubumbashi is held across the city, showcasing works by artists from the region. In an interview in Ocula Magazine in 2019, the Biennale's artistic director, Sandrine Colard explained, 'The Congo is a country that is perpetually in the future. All of these different periods coalescing in one city

168-422: A French school ( Établissement scolaire français Blaise-Pascal ), and a British school (British International School of Lubumbashi). Muyambo Kyasa popularized the concept of parks. Muyambo Park opened in 2010. Located about 15 km from Lubumbashi, it is a large garden where children can play games, and adults relax. Other parks (or farms) include Mikembo and Futuka (once a reserve, now closed) on Kasenga Road in

224-444: A distribution centre for such minerals as copper, cobalt , zinc , tin , and coal. The city is crossed by Transafrican Highway 9 (TAH 9), which connects it to the cities of Lusaka and Kolwezi . Lubumbashi is the center of the railway lines from Cape to Cairo Railway , which serves as a link with the cities of Ilebo , Kindu , Tenke , Sakania and Ndola . In Tenke , the city connects with Kolwezi and Lobito , through

280-475: A limited form of self-governance by establishing the cité indigène of Élisabethville as a so-called centre extra-coutumier (a centre not subject to customary law). It was administered by an indigenous council and presided over by an indigenous chief. But due to constant interference from the Belgian authorities, the experiment soon proved a failure. The first indigenous chief – Albert Kabongo – appointed in 1937,

336-502: A militia group of 100 fighters attacked Lubumbashi and seized a United Nations compound, which was surrounded by Congolese soldiers and members of the president's Republican Guard. Lubumbashi lies at around 1,208 m (3,963 ft) above sea level. The high altitude serves to cool the climate, which would otherwise be very hot. The Kafue River rises along the Zambian border near the city and meanders through north-central Zambia to

392-408: A so-called cité indigène called Quartier Albert (now Kamalondo), south of the city centre and separated from the white city by a 700-metres-wide neutral zone. With population growth, new indigenous quarters were created. These still form the main suburbs of present-day Lubumbashi: Kenia, Katuba, and Ruashi. The work and businesses related to the mines made Élisabethville the most prosperous region of

448-546: Is Kiswahili . The dialect of Kiswahili spoken all down the east side of Congo (including the provinces of North Kivu , South Kivu , Maniema , Katanga and Oriental , Western Kasai and Eastern Kasai ) and almost all the way across to the Katangan border with Angola is called Kingwana . As many people have moved into Lubumbashi for employment from rural areas, they have brought many other local languages including Kiluba , Chokwe , Bemba and Kisanga. Kiswahili has been

504-612: Is one of the DRC's largest banks as measured by regulatory equity, total assets and turnover. As of 31 December 2022, total assets were in excess of US$ 1.7 billion, equivalent to approximately 12 percent of total bank assets in the DRC. TMB is a member of the SWIFT interbank network (TRMSCD3L) and is also a principal member of MasterCard , and Visa . Trust Merchant Bank has several unique characteristics: Trust Merchant Bank operates over one hundred and five branches across twenty one provinces of

560-668: Is something I wanted to address.' Bogumił Jewsiewicki says that contemporary Lubumbashi art making is weak, especially when compared to the Kinshasan. He writes, "No Lubumbashi popular painter has had an international career like that of the Kinshasa artist Chéri Samba, and there are in fact a number of artists and musicians in Kinshasa whom the whirlwind of international success has whisked farther from local audiences than any artist in Lubumbashi, and not only in Lubumbashi but in

616-576: Is the former governor of the province of Katanga Moïse Katumbi Chapwe . Until 1960, Congolese football was segregated between whites-only and blacks-only leagues and competitions. In 1911 the whites-only Ligue de Football du Katanga was founded in Elisabethville, organising in 1925 the first official local championship called the B. Smith Cup. The Katanga tournament was won by teams from Lubumbashi every recorded season except 2005. Simultaneously three blacks-only regional tournaments were played in

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672-405: Is the most popular sport in Lubumbashi. The city is home to football clubs of the top national level such as FC Saint Eloi Lupopo , CS Don Bosco and TP Mazembe . TP Mazembe is the most successful club in national competitions and the most successful Congolese club in international football achieving 5 Africa's Champions League and reaching a FIFA Club World Cup final. The Chairman of Mazembe

728-597: Is the second-largest city in the Democratic Republic of the Congo , located in the country's southeasternmost part, along the border with Zambia . The capital and principal city of the Haut-Katanga Province , Lubumbashi is the center of mining in the region, acting as a hub for many of the country's largest mining companies. No definite population figures are available, but the population of

784-734: The Compagnie du Chemin de Fer du Bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK). The UMHK was founded in 1906 to develop mines in Katanga. It was also to participate in building a railway to carry material and equipment to the mines and to take away the extracted minerals. The UMHK came from a compromise between the Free State and the Compagnie de Katanga as owners through the CSK, the TCL who had found the mines, and

840-467: The Belgian Congo . This site was chosen by Vice-Governor-General Emile Wangermée because of its proximity to the copper mine of Etoile du Congo and the copper ore smelting oven installed by Union Minière du Haut Katanga on the nearby Lubumbashi River. The Comité Spécial du Katanga (CSK), a semi-private concessionary company set up in 1900, had its headquarters in Élisabethville throughout

896-620: The Benguela railway . Lubumbashi is home to the modern Lubumbashi International Airport . The largest institution of higher education is the University of Lubumbashi , founded in 1955, with also the teaching institutions Protestant University of Lubumbashi and the Graduate Institute of Health Sciences. Multiple international schools are present in Lubumbashi, including a Belgian school ( École Privée Belge de Lubumbashi ),

952-503: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints announced plans to construct a temple in Lubumbashi, its second temple in the country. There are also Muslim mosques. Lubumbashi serves as an important commercial and national industrial centre. Manufactures include textiles , food products and beverages, printing , bricks, and copper smelting. The city is home to the Simba brewery, producing

1008-580: The Democratic Republic of the Congo on 17 May 1997 after Mobutu Sese Seko fled Kinshasa. When Laurent-Désiré Kabila decided to appoint a transitional parliament, in 1999, he decided to install the Parliament in Lubumbashi, in order to consolidate the fragile unity of the country. The parliament was installed in the building of the National Assembly of secessionist Katanga (the former city theatre), which had its capital in this city as well, in

1064-556: The Zambezi River , cutting a long, deep panhandle into the country. Lubumbashi has a dry-winter humid subtropical climate ( Cwa , according to the Köppen climate classification ), with warm rainy summers and pleasant, dry winters, with most rainfall occurring during summer and early autumn. Annual average rainfall is 1,238 mm (48.75 inches). French is the official language, but the main spoken lingua franca in Lubumbashi

1120-543: The 1960s. Lubumbashi was therefore the Legislative capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1999 to 2003, when all the country's central institutions were brought back to Kinshasa. On 7 September 2010 a large prison break happened in Lubumbashi after gunmen attacked a prison on the outskirts of the city. 960 prisoners managed to escape, including the Mai-Mai leader Gédéon Kyungu Mutanga . On 23 March 2013

1176-661: The Belgians imposed on the population because of the "war efforts". A rally in the Union Minière football stadium got out of hand. Police opened fire and numerous protesters were killed. In early 1944, the city was again in the grip of severe tensions and fear of violent protests, following a mutiny of the Force Publique (army) in Luluabourg. Starting in 1933, the Belgian colonial authorities experimented with

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1232-713: The Congo Free State and the Société Générale de Belgique to build a rail link from Bukama in Katanga to Port Franqui on the Kasai River , from where mining products could be shipped down to Léopoldville . Jadot was made managing director of the BCK. With the creation of he UMHK the CSK was no longer directly involved in mining. It was also released from having to administer the territory, and became mainly concerned with asset management. Émile Wangermée

1288-618: The Congo Free State. Under agreements of March 1891 and May 1896 the company was to occupy and develop Katanga, and in return gained full ownership of 1/3 of the land in Katanga Province and a 99-year license to exploit the minerals in the granted land. Given the difficulty of determining the land boundaries, in 1900 the Compagnie du Katanga and the Congo Free State created the Comité Spécial du Katanga (CSK) to manage all

1344-474: The Congo during the last decade of Belgian rule. In 1954, there were 8,000 black homeowners in the city while thousands more were skilled workers. It was estimated that black Africans living in Élisabethville had a higher standard of living than anywhere else on the continent at that time. Miners in Élisabethville conducted a strike in December 1941 to protest the increasingly severe forced-labour regime that

1400-588: The DRC and Africa, popular among the residents. These films are often sold on VCD and DVD platforms. The popular music from Kinshasa is much appreciated and played in Lubumbashi. Jean-Bosco Mwenda is likely the most famous Katangese musician. Many of his songs have become classical, and are endlessly remixed by new young artists. Modern Lubumbashi singers fall into two groups: those who play Soukous, such as Jo Kizi and Képi Prince, and those who play international urban music, such as Ced Koncept, Tshumani, M-Joe, RJ Kanierra , Oxygène, Agresivo, Nelson Tshi, and Da Costa on

1456-827: The Democratic Republic of Congo: The Bank maintains a representative office in Brussels . TMB is the only bank in the DRC to operate bank branches onsite at a number of MONUSCO sites across the country, including in Kisangani and Bunia . The African Banker named TMB as the Best Bank in Central Africa in 2014, 2017, and again in 2023. TMB was named as Bank of the Year Democratic Republic of Congo in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2023 by The Banker . EMEA Finance awarded TMB

1512-514: The Ligue de Football du Lubumbashi, is the city's football tournament, organized since 1960 by the city's federation EFLU. FC Saint-Eloi Lupopo won the EFLU league 25 times in all up to 2003 being the most successful club in the seasons for which records are known (some are not known). Comit%C3%A9 Sp%C3%A9cial du Katanga The Compagnie du Katanga was founded in 1891 to explore the southeast of

1568-742: The Rhodesian railways at Sakania , while another would connect to the port of Bukama on the Lualaba River . Under the direction of Jean Jadot of the Société Générale de Belgique , this bank participated in setting up three mining-related companies in the Congo Free State: the Union Minière du Haut-Katanga (UMHK), the Société Internationale Forestière et Minière du Congo (Forminière) and

1624-544: The Sun . Before films, they both showed Congolese and international music videos, and US wrestling. The communication department of the University of Lubumbashi has collaborated with the movie theater to show students’ films. Ciné Bétamax in particular also screens great football matches, and local singers’ concerts and Christian meetings are regularly held here. Nigeria's Nollywood films are also, as in many other parts of

1680-403: The TCL and Société Générale de Belgique who would fund their exploitation. UMHK was founded as a joint venture between the Compagnie du Katanga , the CSK and TCL. The Compagnie du Katanga was in turn a subsidiary of the Compagnie du Congo pour le Commerce et l'Industrie (CCCI), which was controlled by the Société Générale de Belgique . The BCK was founded on 31 October 1906 by the CSK',

1736-563: The authority of the state to the CSK in Katanga. The CSK was given all the mines in Katanga, which it could manage directly or subcontract to concessionary companies. The CSK had complete powers of administration, management and alienation over the territory. In 1900-1901 the CSK signed an agreement with the entrepreneur Robert Williams and the British Tanganyika Concessions (TCL). TCL was authorized to prospect for minerals in Katanga for five years, and to exploit

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1792-457: The book value".. It is estimated that that would cost approximately KSh15 billion/= (US$ 127 million then). KCB also agreed to acquire the remaining 15 percent ownership in the bank, not later than 2024. The deal requires shareholder and regulatory approvals in DRCongo and Kenya. Lubumbashi Lubumbashi (former names: Élisabethville ( French ); Elisabethstad ( Dutch ))

1848-614: The capital and centre of the secessionist independent state of Katanga during the 1960–1963 Congolese civil war. Moise Tshombe proclaimed Katangan independence in July 1960. Congolese leaders arrested him and charged him with treason in April 1961; however, he agreed to dismiss his foreign advisers and military forces in exchange for his release. Tshombe returned to Élisabethville but repudiated these assurances and began to fight anew. United Nations troops opposed Katangan forces and took control of

1904-641: The chief language shared by most people. Religious places of worship in Lubumbashi are predominantly Christian : Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lubumbashi ( Catholic Church ), Kimbanguist Church , Baptist Community of Congo ( Baptist World Alliance ), Baptist Community of the Congo River ( Baptist World Alliance ), Assemblies of God , Province of the Anglican Church of the Congo ( Anglican Communion ), Presbyterian Community in Congo ( World Communion of Reformed Churches ). On April 5, 2020,

1960-455: The city in December 1961 under a strong mandate. Roger Trinquier , well known for his published works on counter-insurgency warfare, served as a French military advisor to President Tshombe until international pressure, led by Belgium, caused his recall to France. Mobutu Sese Seko ultimately assumed power of the Congo, which he renamed Zaïre. He renamed Élisabethville as "Lubumbashi" in 1966 and in 1972 renamed Katanga as "Shaba." In May 1990,

2016-408: The city's outskirts. The zoo of Lubumbashi is one of the most visited tourist attractions. It was created during the colonial period, and is considered the most attractive zoo in the country. During the years of war, it deteriorated but it has been rehabilitated by AZLU, a non-profit organization. By 2007, great animals had been acquired for the zoo. AZLU is keeping the zoo "for education purposes, and

2072-524: The city's urban area is estimated to be around 2,584,000 in 2021. The Belgian government established the modern-day government in the city of Élisabethville (sometimes Elizabethville, both in French, or Elisabethstad in Dutch) in 1910, named in honour of Queen Elisabeth , consort to King Albert I of the Belgians . By that time, the government had taken over the colony from King Leopold II, and renamed it as

2128-574: The city, but some critics think it weakens the lyrics, which seem to be particularly made for teenagers anyway. Serge Manseba and Karibyona are humorist-singers featured by G'Sparks. The "Institut Français" (formally known as "Centre Culturel Français"), located in the heart of the city, contributes a great deal to the cultural and artistic life of Lubumbashi. Students and researchers spend time in its library; it shows European and other French-language films; produces plays and other shows in its theater; and features local singers’ records for sale on display at

2184-401: The colonial era. It enjoyed major privileges, mainly in terms of land and mining concessions, in the Katanga province. The city prospered with the development of a regional copper mining industry. Huge investments in the 1920s, both in the mining industry and in transport infrastructure (railline Elisabethville-Port Francqui and Elisabethville-Dilolo), developed the Katanga province into one of

2240-511: The colonial service. After World War I (1914–1918) the CSK provided support of demography, geology, forestry, agriculture, colonization, veterinary medicine and experimental farming. From 1933 the CSK promoted all activities associated with colonization of Katanga, as well as agriculture, commerce and mining. The CSK was the main shareholder of the UMHK (1906), Compagnie Géologique et Minière des Ingénieurs et Industriels belges (GEOMINES, 1910) and

2296-488: The country. In 1950, the 'black' Elisabethville Football Association (FASI, Fédérations et Associations Sportives Indigènes) had over 30 affiliated clubs competing in four leagues divided over 3 divisions. Both black and white tournaments in Lubumbashi and the country were played simultaneously until 1960, when they were unified. Since then the traditionally black clubs have dominated both local and national football. The 'black' Ligue de Football du Elisabethville, now renamed

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2352-404: The entrance. Radio Okapi 's Lubumbashi presenters participate each Saturday evening in "métissage," the cultural program of the radio. The whole country is informed of the cultural activities in the city. RTNC (Congolese National Radio and Television) has a provincial station located in Lubumbashi district at the junction of Lubilanshi and Sandoa. It has been very influential from the 1960s to

2408-456: The famous Tembo beer. The city hosts the headquarters of one of the country's largest banks, Trust Merchant Bank . The area also has a daily newspaper. Lubumbashi, the mining capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a base for many of the country's biggest mining companies. The Democratic Republic of Congo produces "more than 3 percent of the world's copper and half its cobalt , most of which comes from Katanga." The city serves as

2464-506: The mid-1990s, at the end of the one-party system, and before the information technology revolution. Zenith Radio, the first independent radio station in the city, started broadcasting in 1996; since then numerous radio and television stations have been established. They can be classified in three groups: religious channels (Zenith, RTIV, Canal de Vie, RNS, etc.), commercial channels (RTA, Mwangaza, Nyota , RTLJ, Malaïka, Kyondo, etc.), and mixed ones like Wantanshi Radio and Television. Football

2520-428: The mines that were found with CSK for 30 years. The term was eventually extended to 89 years. The CSK created the Compagnie de Chemin de fer du Katanga (CFK) in 1902. It had a capital of 1,000,000 francs. The Congo Free State held 2,400 shares and Robert Williams held 1,600 shares. The CFK was to build rail links to the region where the city of Elisabethville ( Lubumbashi ) would be founded. One line would connect to

2576-403: The other. Most artists are influenced by successful Dj Spilulu's productions, Kinshasa singers Fally Ipupa , Ferré Gola and World Music . Lubumbashi music is characterized by the use of many languages (Swahili, Lingala, Tshiluba, French and some English) in the lyrics. It is rare to hear songs composed in only one language. This code switching and mixing expresses the cosmopolitan character of

2632-414: The protection of the natural heritage of the country," as it can be read on signs. Today, it has almost been restocked with lions, tigers, monkeys, apes, pelicans, wart hogs, crocodiles, snakes, turtles, monitor lizards, eagles, parrots, ostriches, gazelles, etc. Apart from animals, the zoo features a restaurant, a veterinary center, and a termite museum. Attractions in the city include a botanical garden ,

2688-498: The surrounding province of Katanga." He names painters like Pilipili, Mwenze, Angali, Nkulu wa Nkulu, Maka, Tshimbumba, Dekab, and others. Ciné Bétamax, formerly "Ciné Palace" and "Ciné Eden", are the only modern movie theaters in the city which generally show popular recent Hollywood productions as well as NC-17 films. However, they also show movies about Congolese and African recent history like Mister Bob , Sniper: Reloaded , SEAL Team 8: Behind Enemy Lines , and Tears of

2744-468: The territory, with profits shared between the Compagnie du Katanga (1/3) and the Free State (2/3). The Congo Free State and the Compagnie du Katanga entrusted the CSK with their shared land and mineral rights, and authorized the CSK with managing this property. The CSK was created with a 99-year term. It was given economic and administrative rights over a territory of 450,000 square kilometres (170,000 sq mi). A decree of 6 December 1900 delegated

2800-676: The title Best Bank in the Democratic Republic of Congo for the thirteenth consecutive year in 2023. In 2014, 2015, 2016, 2020 and 2022 Global Finance Magazine recognised TMB as the Best Bank in the Democratic Republic of Congo . TMB's regional headquarters in Kinshasa plays host to Le Monde des Flamboyants , a multi-purpose exhibition gallery. In August 2022, KCB Group , based in Nairobi, Kenya agreed to acquire 85 percent shareholding in Trust Merchant Bank at "1.49 times

2856-668: The university campus of Lubumbashi was the scene of a brutal killing of students by Mobutu's security forces. In 1991–92 ethnic tensions between the Luba from Katanga and the Luba from Kasaï, resident in the city, led to violent confrontations and the forced removal from the city of the latter. Congo entered another genocidal civil war in the late 1990s. The Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo rebels captured Lubumbashi in April 1997. Rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila spoke from Lubumbashi to declare himself president of

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2912-574: The white city only during the day, except for the house servants ("boys") who often lived in shanty dwellings ("boyeries") located in the backyards of the European city houses. Many men in the black population were labour immigrants from neighbouring regions in the Belgian Congo (Northern Katanga, Maniema, Kasaï), from Belgian Rwanda and Burundi , and from British Northern Rhodesia (present-day Zambia ). The black population lived initially in

2968-517: The world's major copper ore producers. The population of the city grew apace from approx. 30,000 in 1930, to 50,000 in 1943 and 180,000 in 1957. It was the second city of the Belgian Congo , after Léopoldville. As was customary with European colonies, the city centre of Élisabethville was reserved for the minority white (European) population. This consisted mainly of Belgian nationals, but the city also attracted important British and Italian communities, as well as Jewish Greeks . Congolese were allowed in

3024-419: Was also an important commercial and industrial centre, and a centre of education and health services. The Benedictine Order and missionary Order of Salesians offered a wide range of educational facilities to Europeans and Congolese alike, including vocational training (Kafubu). The Belgians established the University of Élisabethville in 1954–1955 (now the University of Lubumbashi ). Élisabethville served as

3080-475: Was dismissed in 1943 and not replaced. In 1957, Élisabethville was established as a fully autonomous city; it held the first free municipal elections in which the Congolese could vote. The people of Élisabethville gave a vast majority to the nationalist Alliance des Bakongo , which demanded immediate independence from Belgium. Élisabethville functioned as the administrative capital of the Katanga province. It

3136-456: Was made representative of the CSK, effectively governor of Katanga, in 1906. Later he became representative in Kafubu . In 1910 he became governor of Katanga, holding office until 1917. Belgium took over the Congo Free State in 1908. In 1910 the state powers granted to the CSK were revoked, and local powers were handed over to the provincial governors. Many of the CSK employees and leaders joined

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