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39-573: When it ceased printing on May 16, 2009, the daily circulation was approximately 17,000, down from a high of 60,000 in the 1960s. The Citizen published as Tucson's afternoon paper, six days per week (except Sunday, when only the Arizona Daily Star (Tucson's morning paper during the week) was published as part of the two papers' joint operating agreement ). The Tucson Citizen was the oldest continuously published newspaper in Arizona at

78-469: A buyer were not found, though on March 17, 2009, Gannett announced the paper would remain open past that closing date because it was in negotiations with two potential buyers. However, those negotiations did not bear fruit, and on May 15, 2009, Gannett announced that the final print edition would appear the following day, and that the Citizen would thereafter be an Internet publication. The last print edition

117-521: A claim for them with the agreement that Warren would name Dunn in all notices of locations for mining claims that he located. They provided him with a grubstake , provisions, and a map to mining claim site. Warren didn't keep his agreement with Dunn. On his way to the claims office, Warren stopped in a saloon, got drunk, and gambled away the grubstake given him by Dunn and the others. He went to Fort Huachuca and recruited additional backers from Tombstone . On September 27, 1877, 56 days after Dunn located

156-520: A friendly, drunken bet that he could outrun a man on a horse, but lost the bet and his one-ninth interest in the Copper Queen Mine, later estimated to be worth US$ 20,000 (equivalent to $ 543,000 in 2023). Entrepreneurs Edward Reilly and Levi Zeckendorf bought an option to purchase the mine in 1880 for US$ 20,000. When the ore assayed at 22% copper, Reilly became enthusiastic about the mine's possibilities. He bought out others' interest in

195-400: A year later, on Sept. 7, 1925, The Arizona Daily Star became a "seven-day-a-week" newspaper. Up to that time, it had been appearing daily except Monday. On May 31, 1927, the fiftieth anniversary edition was published; five tons of paper used for 10,000 copies of the 64-page issue. During the years following this anniversary edition, The Star issued its annual special edition in connection with

234-472: The Citizen was sold to Gannett Company, Inc. Editor and Publisher Michael Chihak retired from the Citizen and Gannett on July 3, 2008. Senior Editor Jennifer Boice and Editorial Editor Mark Kimble co-filled the position in the interim, until the end of publication. In January 2009, the Gannett Company , owner of the paper since the mid-1970s, announced it would close the Citizen by March 21 if

273-542: The Pulitzer Prize for Local Investigative Specialized Reporting for their stories about recruiting violations by University of Arizona football coach, Tony Mason . In 1940, the Tucson Citizen and Arizona Daily Star entered into a joint operating agreement (JOA) that was later extended to 1990. The joint company owned equally by the two newspapers was Tucson Newspapers Inc. (TNI) The JOA helped bolster

312-754: The United States . L. C. Hughes was the Arizona Territory governor and founder of the Arizona Star , in 1877. The precursor to the Arizona Daily Star was The Bulletin, the first daily newspaper published in Tucson. It was started March 1, 1877 by L.C. Hughes and Charles Tully, later publishers of The Star. The Bulletin was succeeded by The Arizona Tri-Weekly Star, under the same ownership March 29, 1877. The Arizona Weekly Star

351-580: The Copper King. Reilly retained the remainder. James Douglas , of Phoenixville, Pennsylvania who had invented new methods of smelting copper, learned of the Warren mining district early on. He was sent by the Phelps Dodge company of New York City to examine potential copper mines. During his research, Douglas concluded the risk was great but persuaded the company they should go forward. Offered

390-562: The Copper Queen mine, forming the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining Company in 1885. The surface pockets of cerussite were soon exhausted, but the owners found that the orebody ran 23% copper, with silver and gold as byproducts. Most mines of that era could profitably mine ore containing 8% to 10% copper, so the Copper Queen orebody was considered extraordinarily high grade. The surface oxide ore

429-882: The Kelly interest sold its holdings in the State Consolidated Publishing company to Dr. James Douglas, then president of the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining company , which in 1917 was taken over, as the Copper Queen branch by the Phelps-Dodge corporation. On Dec. 31, 1917, the Star moved its plant from North Church Street to 33 W. Congress Street. The Star was purchased from the Phelps-Dodge corporation by William R. Mathews and Ralph E. Ellinwood on Nov. 1, 1924. Less than

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468-551: The Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 to allow joint operating agreements. Copper Queen Mine The Copper Queen Mine was a copper mine in Cochise County, Arizona , United States. Its development led to the growth of the surrounding town of Bisbee in the 1880s. Its orebody ran 23% copper, an extraordinarily high grade. It was acquired by Phelps Dodge in 1885. In the early 1900s, this

507-485: The Old Pueblo club building, and arrangements were completed for using The Citizen's mechanical department and press. The following day, The Star issued as usual despite the fire. Pictures of the burning building were engraved and rushed by airplane from Phoenix and used in this issue—less than 24 hours after the fire. The paper carried 10 pages. On Jan. 25, 1934, The Star moved its entire mechanical department back to

546-772: The Rucker Mine, Warren filed a claim for the Mercy Mine 1 mile (1.6 km) up Mule Pass Canyon from Iron Spring. Over the next six months his name is mentioned either as the locator or witness in several other claims in the Tombstone Canyon and Mule Mountains and established what became known as the Warren Mining District. He held a one-ninth interest in the new Copper Queen mine. While drinking with acquaintances in Charleston , Warren made

585-603: The Tucson Citizen by increasing advertising revenue since ads could now be sold by TNI for both papers. In 1965, the U.S. government filed a complaint that the new company violated the Sherman Antitrust Act and the Clayton Act. The U.S. Supreme Court agreed, saying the First Amendment does not exempt newspapers from laws aimed at preserving competition. In response to the decision, Congress passed

624-620: The Tucson Citizen, which was not owned by the Pulitzer company, to a new building on South Park Avenue in April 1973. The two papers were in a joint operating agreement, in which they shared a press and building and some operations, while the newsrooms were entirely separate. The joint company was Tucson Newspapers Inc. Seven people were injured in three explosions at the Arizona Daily Star and Tucson Newspapers Inc.'s plant July 22, 1982. Frank E. Johnson, executive managing editor; Frank C. Delehanty,

663-583: The Tucson Rodeo. Ralph E. Ellinwood, editor and co-owner of The Star, dropped dead Aug. 30, 1930. William R. Mathews became editor. On Dec. 18, 1933, The Star's building was almost totally destroyed by a fire beginning at 8 o’clock in the morning, causing a $ 60,000 loss. Offers of aid came from newspapers in Phoenix, Bisbee and Nogales while the blaze still burned. By 4 o’clock in the afternoon temporary headquarters established at Jackson and Stone avenue in

702-495: The choice of a flat fee or a 10% interest in the property for his services, he chose the latter, a decision that subsequently made him a fortune. The company bought the Atlanta Mine and poured over $ 76,000 (equivalent to $ 2,065,000 in 2023) into exploration before they found the ore body. When the claims and ore bodies in the area would likely overlap, leading to potential costly litigation, they merged with their neighbor

741-500: The claims in April, 1880, and went to San Francisco to see if he could market his option on the claims. Reilly persuaded engineers DeWitt Bisbee, William H. Martin, and John Ballard in San Francisco to visit the mine, and they were pleased with the prospects. On May 12, 1880, Martin and Ballard agreed to furnish the funds to mine and smelt the ore and received seven-tenths interest in the Copper Queen mine and two-thirds interest in

780-610: The control of The Star Publishing company Aug. 28, 1885. Hughes continued as editor and manager. L.C. Hughes and family sold The Star to W.B. Kelly "and associates" in July 1907. On Sept. 8, 1907, The Star issued the largest regular edition of a newspaper ever printed in Arizona. The Star passed onto the control and management of the State Consolidated Published company, headed by George H. Kelly. In August, 1910,

819-582: The entire letter online — not to give voice to a killer who doesn't deserve it but with the hope that it helps our hurting community come to grips with his twisted act." Tucson Citizen, a Gannett newspaper, ceased print publication, with the last edition published May 16, 2009. Press operations for the Star moved to Phoenix May 21, 2019. Owners of the Star sold the building at 4850 S. Park Ave. for more than $ 2 million at auction in September 2020. In 1981 , Star reporters Clark Hallas and Robert B. Lowe won

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858-595: The issues, interests and events that affect daily life in the Old Pueblo." It was a division of Gannett Company, Inc., and a partner of Tucson Newspapers. The site closed on January 31, 2014. Several former Citizen staffers founded TucsonSentinel.com , a nonprofit online news site, after the newspaper was closed. Arizona Daily Star The Arizona Daily Star is an American daily newspaper based in Tucson , Arizona , and owned by Lee Enterprises . It serves Tucson and surrounding districts of southern Arizona in

897-434: The light. In the 1950s, Phelps Dodge developed open-pit mining at the Copper Queen; this enabled mining operations to continue. Underground work was also done. By the mid-1960s, the grade of ore from the Copper Queen had declined to 4%. The mine ceased production in 1975. As proposed by the mayor and volunteers seeking an alternative economic base, the company agreed to allow part of the mine to be open for tours. This area

936-526: The mine was the site of an Industrial Workers of the World miners' strike . Phelps Dodge resisted union organizing and illegally used private police to arrest more than 1300 miners. They put them on railroad cars and expelled them from the town and area in what became known as the Bisbee Deportation . Before engines were used to transport cars of ores, mules were trained to pull ore cars out of

975-431: The mine. The mining work was extremely hazardous. The Phelps Dodge mine operators routinely demanded unpaid work, subjected miners to intrusive physical strip searches , and followed dangerous practices like blasting while miners were in the mine and not permitting safety operators on drills and elevators. There were also widespread claims of discrimination against non-white miners. A miners union organized in 1917, when

1014-420: The mines. The loaded cars weighed up to 2,800 pounds (1,300 kg). The mules lived in the mines 24/7, sleeping in stables in the mines. The mules would spend four years working in the mines, after which time their eyesight deteriorated. In order to adjust them to daylight, blinders were placed over the mules' eyes with small holes poked in the material. The holes were slowly widened as the mule's eyes adjusted to

1053-426: The paper's controller, treasurer and business manager; Wayne Bean, production manager; and Jack Sheaffer, the Star's chief photographer were critically injured. Frank Delehanty died of infections from his injuries August 29, 1982. On May 5, 1995, the Star launched its own website, azstarnet.com, which, in its early years, also functioned as an internet service provider . The website was later changed to tucson.com. It

1092-636: The remodeled and rebuilt building that had burned. The one time in the history of the paper when it could not put out an extra, the Dillinger gang was captured in Tucson. The Star was commended by the Associated Press for “beating” all other services by over an hour in filing this national news on the Dillinger's capture. William R. Mathews, editor of The Star, predicted the bombing of Pearl Harbor in an editorial Nov. 28, 1941. Mathews attended

1131-838: The signing of Japan's surrender Sept. 2, 1945, aboard the USS ; Missouri . His report ran in The Arizona Daily Star Sept. 18, 1945. The owners of the Tucson Citizen , William A. Small Sr. and family, bought the Arizona Daily Star Jan. 5, 1965, and operated both newspapers. The Tucson Citizen was published daily except for Sunday, in the afternoon. The Star was sold to the Pulitzer Publishing Company April 8, 1971. The Star completed its move, along with

1170-669: The time it ceased publication. Founder Richard C. McCormick had originally been the owner of the Arizonan . However, when the editor of the Arizonan refused to support McCormick's re-election as congressional delegate for the territory of Arizona, McCormick took the press and started the Arizona Citizen with Wasson. During the mid-1880s, the newspaper was known as the Tucson Weekly Citizen . Allan Brown Jaynes

1209-535: Was announced Jan. 30, 2005, that Lee Enterprises Inc. would buy the newspapers owned by Pulitzer Inc. The sale includes the Arizona Daily Star. In 2003, Robert Flores mailed a 22 page letter to The Star, shortly before killing three people and himself at the University of Arizona . The Star made the decision to publish the letter online. In a note with the letter when it was posted online, Editor Bobbie Jo Buel stated they "decided to run excerpts in these pages and

Tucson Citizen - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-514: Was delivered on May 16, 2009. Gannett's attempted sale and closure of the Citizen was the subject of an investigation by the U.S. Justice Department and court action by Arizona Attorney General Terry Goddard. The successor site, TucsonCitizen.com, edited by the paper's former assistant city editor, Mark B. Evans, described itself as "a compendium of blogs . . . written by Tucsonans for Tucsonans. The bloggers and citizen journalists here provide news, information, opinion, commentary and perspective on

1287-701: Was established June 28, 1877. A.E. Fay became co-editor with L.C. Hughes July 5, 1877, and on Aug. 23 of the same year Fay became the sole proprietor. Hughes returned to The Star in January, 1879, first as co-publisher with Fay and a few months later as sole owner. On June 26 of the same year, The Arizona Daily Star was started. The first edition had the wrong date at the top of the page. The Star moved its quarters from Maiden Lane to Church and Congress streets in Downtown Tucson July 28, 1881. The Arizona Daily Star and The Arizona Weekly Star were placed in

1326-514: Was exhausted after three or four years, but miners explored deeper and eventually found even larger orebodies. In 1884–85 the mine was offered for sale to London investors for £350,000, but the offer was not taken up. In the early 20th century, the Copper Queen ranked as the most productive copper mine in Arizona and was viewed by many as the best run copper mine in the United States. Deposits of gold and silver were also discovered in

1365-434: Was filed on August 2, 1877. In 1877, a U.S. Cavalry patrol from Fort Bowie was tracking Apache Indians and camped at what was later called Iron Springs. The men didn't like the quality of the water and they sent Scout Jack Dunn to look for better quality water. During his search he found a spring along a very large cliff of limestone , later known as Castle Rock, and on his return an outcrop containing lead carbonate , which

1404-415: Was known to carry silver, in a gorge later known as Tombstone Canyon. Dunn told his commanding officer Lt. John Rucker and a packer named Ted Byrne of his discovery. They named the find the "Rucker" and planned to file a claim, but were delayed when their patrol was ordered to resume pursuit of a band of Apache warriors. Before departing Fort Bowie, they met a 42-year old George Warren and persuaded him to file

1443-536: Was owner, manager and editor of the Tucson Citizen between 1901 and 1920. He was very involved in the statehood of Arizona and is in the Arizona Newspaper Hall of Fame. William A. Small , his wife, and William H. Johnson invested in the newspaper in the late 1930s after the death of owner Frank Harris Hitchcock . Johnson sold his share to Small in 1964, and Small turned control over to his son, William A. Small Jr. in 1966 when he retired. In 1976,

1482-457: Was renovated by paid and volunteer workers to create a heritage tourism site. More than one million visitors have seen the mine since it reopened in 1976. Phelps Dodge's former headquarters building in Bisbee has been adapted as a mining museum, which offers interpretation of the mining era and its effects in the region. The company was acquired by Freeport McMoRan, which in the early 21st century

1521-478: Was the most productive copper mine in Arizona. While copper mining declined in the area in the 1930s and 1940s, the Copper Queen continued to be mined by the open-pit process during the years following World War II. With decreasing returns, Phelps Dodge closed it in 1985. The presence of copper ore in the Mule Mountains of southeast Arizona may have been known as early as 1876, but the first mining claim

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