The Freedom Socialist Party ( FSP ) is a trotskyist and socialist feminist political party in the United States . FSP formed in 1966, when its members split from the Socialist Workers Party .
57-490: Defunct Newspapers Journals TV channels Websites Other Economics Gun rights Identity politics Nativist Religion Watchdog groups Youth/student groups Miscellaneous Other The Constitution Party , named the U.S. Taxpayers' Party until 1999, is an ultra-conservative political party in the United States that promotes a religiously conservative interpretation of
114-710: A spoiler for the Republican Party . There have been instances of the Democratic Party helping Constitution Party candidates for this reason, such as by running ads for their nominee in the 2020 United States Senate election in South Carolina or assisting Randall Terry, their nominee in the 2024 presidential election , with ballot access and campaign promotion efforts. Multiple Republicans, including Bob Smith, Virgil Goode, Tom Tancredo, Ellen Craswell , Rick Jore, and Cynthia Davis , have joined
171-677: A 2005 special election . He was the nominee of the American Independent Party, when it was affiliated with the Constitution Party, and placed third with 26,507 votes (25.5%). During the campaign, Gilchrist had raised more money than all of the Democratic candidates combined. Gilchrist's 25.5% was the highest percentage of the vote received for a third party candidate in a United States House of Representatives election where both major parties participated since
228-575: A danger to the Republican Party", as it was "moving the party farther to the right ... [which] would transform the Republican Party into a fringe party". Beginning in the 1970s, ultraconservatives attempted to establish their principles into the government and culture of the United States, with the use of think tanks , political action committees , and lobbyists . These groups were typically supported by wealthy individuals, including
285-581: A greatly expanded understanding of and attention to women's emancipation , and urged the anti-war movement to support the socialist, anti-colonial aims of the Vietnamese Revolution . FSP became a pole of attraction for Seattle leftists opposed to the SWP's internal politics and established a home at Freeway Hall. The party formed Radical Women with the dual goal of building a revolutionary socialist feminist organization and teaching women
342-572: A letter to the Secretary of State of Montana asking for his name to be removed from the ballot as he was nominated without permission, but it was too late to remove his name from the ballot. Paul also appeared on the ballot in Louisiana under the name "Louisiana Taxpayers Party" with Barry Goldwater Jr. as his vice-presidential running mate. Paul later endorsed Baldwin for president. In the general election he placed tenth with 47,512 votes. During
399-404: A pamphlet critical of LaRouche's ideology and political history. The FEC found LaRouche's complaint to be without merit and dismissed it. Progressive Era Repression and persecution Anti-war and civil rights movements Contemporary FSP is a Trotskyist revolutionary socialist organization. FSP leaders Clara Fraser and Gloria Martin hoped to build a Leninist party that
456-520: A three-term Republican member of the Montana House of Representatives, became the first member of the party to hold a seat in a state legislature. He was defeated in the 2000, 2002 and 2004 elections; however, he was elected to a state legislature in 2006, the first Constitution Party candidate to be elected. In 2002, Greg Moeller became the first member of the party to win a partisan election. The Constitution parties of Minnesota and Colorado have both achieved major party status once. As of June 2024,
513-597: A top priority for socialist organizations. And the Kirk-Kaye tendency claimed that the SWP was undemocratic. FSP formed in 1966, when its members split from the Socialist Workers Party . The party's Seattle branch, with support from individuals in other cities, split off from the SWP over what it described as the SWP's entrenched opportunism and undemocratic methods. FSP advocated for class solidarity of Black and white workers, called for
570-521: Is neoliberalism . The use of conspiracy theories is also common amongst ultraconservatives. President Jair Bolsonaro was described as an ultraconservative during his tenure, often aligning his views with President Donald Trump . Upon taking office, Bolsonaro nominated ultraconservative Damares Alves to head the Ministry of Human Rights and Citizenship . His government would go on to be headed by elites who broadened extractivist activities in
627-473: Is "socialist-feminist" in ideology and practice. FSP has fielded electoral candidates in the United States for local , state , and federal offices. FSP candidates usually run as official FSP candidates. No FSP candidate has yet won an election. In 2016 , FSP critically endorsed Jeff Mackler of Socialist Action for president. In 2020 , FSP again critically endorsed Jeff Mackler of Socialist Action for president. In 2024 , FSP declined to make
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#1732790421945684-580: The 1992 and 1996 presidential elections, the party sought to give its presidential nomination to prominent politicians including Pat Buchanan and Ross Perot , but was unsuccessful and instead selected Phillips as its presidential nominee in three successive elections. Michael Peroutka was given the presidential nomination in 2004 , followed by Chuck Baldwin in 2008 (although he faced opposition from multiple state affiliates), Virgil Goode in 2012 , Darrell Castle in 2016 , Don Blankenship in 2020 and Randall Terry in 2024 . In 2000, Rick Jore ,
741-676: The 2010 Colorado gubernatorial election , the American Constitution Party , the Constitution Party's affiliate in Colorado, gave its gubernatorial nomination to Tom Tancredo . In the general election Tancredo received over 36% of the popular vote, more than the 10% required for major party status in Colorado. During the campaign the American Constitution Party's voter registration doubled from 1,271 to 2,731 voters. Major party status in Colorado gave
798-922: The A Connecticut Party received 26.3% in Connecticut's 1st congressional district in 1994. Ultra-conservative Ultraconservatism refers to extreme conservative views in politics or religious practice. In modern politics, ultraconservative usually refers to conservatives of the far-right on the political spectrum , comprising groups or individuals who are located to the right of those willing to temporarily agree with political moderates , and continuing further right to include fringe parties . Elements of ultraconservatism typically rely on cultural crisis; they frequently support anti-globalism – adopting stances of anti-immigration , nationalism , and sovereignty – use populism and political polarization , with in-group and out-group practices. The primary economic ideology for most ultraconservatives
855-629: The Amazon rainforest , while having confrontations with the indigenous peoples in Brazil . In the United States, ultraconservatism first appeared when right-wing politicians and businesses led the opposition to the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt . Beginning in the 1960s, during the Cold War , ultraconservatism began to rise to prominence, especially with the radical right organization,
912-752: The American Party , but was rejected. The party was accepted into the Coalition for Free and Open Elections alongside the Freedom Socialist Party . The party launched its first petition drive when Jack Perry started a campaign to appear on the 1991 United States special election ballot in Pennsylvania. From January 25 to 26, 1997, the national committee of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party convened in Miami, Florida. During their meeting it
969-612: The John Birch Society . At this time, ultraconservatives were anticommunist , and opposed to the civil rights movement , trade unions, and social programs . Members of the John Birch Society believed that the civil rights movement would lead to the creation of a Soviet Negro Republic in the Southern United States. In 1961, Jacob Javits would say that ultraconservatism "represents
1026-506: The Koch brothers , the families of Richard and Dick DeVos , the Walton family , and Richard Mellon Scaife . Ultraconservatives would then "mark some groups, seemingly based on race, class, and immigration status", in an effort to polarize the public, saying that some groups were "parasitic" to the economy and took away resources from wealthy individuals who could improve the economy . Into
1083-624: The LGBT community, labor unionists , feminists , people of color , Jews , and civil libertarians . UFAF took the lead in mobilizing against neo-Nazis in the Pacific Northwest in the 1980s and 1990s. In 2003, Lyndon LaRouche filed a complaint with the Federal Election Commission that FSP's Red Letter Press and its managing editor, Helen Gilbert, had violated campaign finance laws. Gilbert had issued
1140-463: The Republican presidential nominee and that they should instead support an anti-abortion third party candidate. Phillips supported giving the presidential nomination of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party to Buchanan. Tom Staley, Buchanan's campaign chairman in northern Texas, stated that Buchanan would consider accepting the party's nomination if it had ballot access in all fifty states. Phillips was given
1197-596: The United States debt ceiling , calling for cuts to social spending. During the Obama administration, ultraconservatives would organize Americans into the Tea Party movement , and disseminate a message of "taking back our country" from Obama and creating the birther movement . In the 1980s, " neoauthoritarianism " (or "neoconservatism"), emerged as an ideology that would accelerate the Chinese economic reform and replace
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#17327904219451254-769: The principles and intents of the United States Constitution . The party platform is based on originalist interpretations of the Constitution and shaped by principles which it believes were set forth in the Declaration of Independence , the Bill of Rights , the Constitution and the Bible . The party was founded by Howard Phillips , a conservative activist, after President George H. W. Bush violated his pledge of " read my lips: no new taxes ". During
1311-482: The 21st century, the Second New Right , specifically during the tenure of George W. Bush , became more ultraconservative, with some elements of neofascism , adopting views supporting strict law and order , the defense of private property , and using nationalism to describe a mythical "past national glory". Following the election of Barack Obama in 2008, ultraconservatives made alarmist statements about
1368-648: The American Heritage Party. On February 15, 2000, Rick Jore , a member of the Montana House of Representatives who had attended the 1999 Constitution Party National Convention, announced that he was leaving the Republican Party and joining the Constitution Party. Jore unsuccessfully sought reelection in 2000, and unsuccessfully attempted to win election to the Montana House of Representatives in 2002, and 2004, before winning election to
1425-689: The Conservative Revolution drew inspiration from various elements of the 19th century, including Friedrich Nietzsche 's contempt for Christian ethics , democracy and egalitarianism; the anti-modern and anti-rationalist tendencies of German Romanticism ; the vision of an organic and naturally-organized folk community cultivated by the Völkisch movement ; the Prussian tradition of militaristic and authoritarian nationalism; and their own experience of comradeship and irrational violence on
1482-474: The Constitution Party has 28 members who have been elected to city council seats and other municipal offices across the United States. In terms of registered members, the party ranks fifth among national parties in the United States. During the 1988 presidential election , Republican nominee George H. W. Bush stated " read my lips: no new taxes " at the 1988 Republican National Convention . However, Bush violated that pledge during his presidency . Following
1539-516: The Constitution Party of Oregon gave its presidential nomination to Baldwin during the 2008 presidential election. During the 2012 presidential election the party attempted to give its presidential nomination to Ron Paul, but he rejected it and Will Christensen was given the nomination instead. In 2013, the Constitution Party of Oregon affiliated with the Independent American Party. Unlike the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections
1596-670: The Constitution Party's presidential nomination. Goode won the nomination at the party's national convention which was held from April 18 to 21, 2012, in Nashville, Tennessee, and Jim Clymer was selected to serve as his vice-presidential running mate. Goode was the first Constitution Party presidential nominee to have held elected federal or state office. In the general election Goode and Clymer placed sixth with 122,417 votes. The Reform Party of Kansas gave its presidential nomination to Chuck Baldwin and its vice-presidential nomination to Joseph Martin as his vice-presidential running mate. However,
1653-745: The Constitution Party. On April 2, 2002, Ezola Foster , who had served as the Reform Party of the United States of America 's vice-presidential nominee during the 2000 presidential election, left the Reform Party to join the Constitution Party. From 2002 to 2004, she served on the party's national committee. Jim Gilchrist , the founder of the Minuteman Project , ran for a seat in the United States House of Representatives from California's 48th congressional district in
1710-668: The LDP itself as "ultraconservative". Ultraconservative has occasionally been used interchangeably with fascism , ultranationalism , and right-wing populism when describing the radical right in Europe . The Ultra-royalists were an ultra-conservative faction from 1815 to 1830 under the Bourbon Restoration in France . An Ultra was usually a member of the nobility of high society who strongly supported Roman Catholicism as
1767-482: The U.S. Taxpayer's nominee for Minnesota state auditor, received over 5% of the popular vote giving the U.S Taxpayers' Party major party status in Minnesota. The party would later hold caucuses during the 2000 presidential election . Members of the party sought to give its presidential nomination to Ross Perot or Pat Buchanan during the 1992 presidential election , but were unsuccessful. In January 1992, Phillips
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1824-495: The U.S. Taxpayers' Party did not seek a prominent politician to give its presidential nomination to. New Hampshire Senator Bob Smith announced that he was leaving the Republican Party on July 13, 1999, and briefly sought the presidential nomination of the Constitution Party before dropping out. On September 4, 1999, the party selected to give its presidential nomination to Phillips and its vice-presidential nomination to Joseph Sobran . However, on March 31, 2000, Sobran resigned from
1881-717: The Xi Jinping's rule. Some hardline pro-Beijing conservatives in Hong Kong have been referred to by critics as "ultraconservative". Japan's far-right nationalist organization Nippon Kaigi , has been described as " reactionary " or "ultraconservative" due to its support for the constitutional amendment of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution , defense of the Empire of Japan , and denial of Japanese war crimes . Since 2006, all Japanese prime ministers from
1938-430: The breaking of the no new taxes pledge Howard Phillips announced that he would form a third political party called the U.S. Taxpayers' Party. Phillips formed his new party through the U.S. Taxpayers Alliance, an organization he had founded and which had affiliates in twenty-five states, using its mailing list to announce the formation of a new party. Phillips also attempted to create a coalition with state affiliates of
1995-461: The conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) have been affiliated with the Nippon Kaigi. Fumio Kishida , who is currently the prime minister of Japan, is also a member of Nippon Kaigi. Japan's former prime minister Shinzo Abe , was often described as "ultraconservative" because he supported socially conservative and strong Japanese nationalist policies. Bryan Mark Rigg referred to
2052-634: The existing orthodox Maoism . During Xi Jinping 's leadership, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has become more closely related to ultraconservative, ultranationalist , and is referred by some as having Han-centric elements. Some of the CCP's politics are parallel to ideas by German ultraconservative Carl Schmitt . The Beijing Daily is a mainland Chinese newspaper, referred to by some as "ultraconservative". Hong Kong 's shrinking autonomy and democratic backsliding are linked to
2109-685: The front lines of World War I . From the 1960–1970s onwards, the Conservative Revolution has largely influenced the European New Right , in particular the French Nouvelle Droite and the German Neue Rechte . In its first years, Jobbik held ultraconservative stances, promoting anti-communism and anti-globalism as some of its core tenets, though it became more successful as its views became more moderate. Freedom Socialist Party FSP views
2166-556: The movement's founders to royalism . The movement supported a restoration of the House of Bourbon and, after the 1905 law on the separation of Church and State , the restoration of Roman Catholicism as the state religion—all as rallying points in distinction to the Third Republic of France which was considered corrupt and atheistic by many of its opponents. The Conservative Revolution ( German : Konservative Revolution )
2223-406: The national Constitution Party, but was rejected by the national party on May 2. From October 18 to 19, 2019, a meeting of the Constitution Party's national committee was held. Don Blankenship served as a speaker at the meeting and announced his intention to run for the party's presidential nomination. On May 2, 2020, Blankenship won the party's nomination at its virtual convention and William Mohr
2280-540: The national convention of the U.S. Taxpayers' Party was held and during it the name of the party was successfully changed to Constitution. Every state affiliate of the party, except for Nevada and California, changed their names except for in Michigan where the Michigan Secretary of State denied the request. The party is still called the U.S. Taxpayers' Party in Michigan as of 2022. In 1998, Patricia Becker,
2337-593: The organizational and leadership skills that were often denied to them in male-dominated organizations. In 1978, FSP joined the Committee for a Revolutionary Socialist Party (CRSP), an attempted united front of Trotskyist parties. In 1980, CRSP collapsed. In 1989, FSP founded the United Front Against Fascism (UFAF), an anti-fascist organization that included a broad coalition of the Left ,
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2394-644: The party attempted to give its presidential nomination to Goode, but the attempt to change the nomination was rejected by the Kansas State Objections Board. In 2020, the Virginia, Idaho, South Dakota, and Alaska Constitution parties disaffiliated with the national Constitution Party and the Montana Constitution Party disbanded. On April 14, the Constitution Party of Virginia's state committee voted to reaffiliate with
2451-503: The party selected him to serve as the stand-in presidential candidate. He won the presidential nominations of the American Independent and Alaskan Independence parties. Peroutka was given the party's presidential nomination and Chuck Baldwin was given the party's vice-presidential nomination. Chuck Baldwin and Alan Keyes sought the Constitution Party's presidential nomination during the 2008 presidential election . At
2508-517: The party the ability to appoint seventeen members to Colorado state boards and commissions, but the party suffered from complicated campaign finance reports and fines from errors and omissions in the reports which led to a negative bank account balance. On February 21, 2012, Virgil Goode , a former member of the United States House of Representatives who had served as a Democrat, independent , and Republican, announced that he would seek
2565-613: The party's national convention Baldwin defeated Keyes winning the party's presidential nomination and Darrell Castle was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee. Baldwin also received the presidential nomination of the Reform Party of Kansas. In the general election they placed sixth with 199,880 votes. However, the American Independent Party , which had been affiliated with the Constitution since 1991, split into two factions between supports of Baldwin and Keyes. The Secretary of State of California ruled that
2622-561: The party's presidential nomination again at its national convention in San Diego, California, on August 17, 1996, and Herbert Titus was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee. In the general election Phillips and Titus placed sixth with 184,820 votes. In 2000, a schism occurred within the party, with those who advocated an explicitly religious party leaving to form the Christian Liberty Party , then known as
2679-473: The presidential ticket of Keyes and Wiley Drake had the nomination of the American Independent Party. In the general election they placed ninth with 47,941 votes. On September 5, the Constitution Party of Montana submitted a list of presidential electors pledged to Ron Paul for president and Michael Peroutka for vice-president. Paul was aware and that he would not object as long as he did not need to sign any declaration of candidacy. However, Paul later wrote
2736-501: The state and only legal religion of France, the Bourbon monarchy , traditional hierarchy between classes and census suffrage against popular will and the interests of the bourgeoisie and their liberal and democratic tendencies. Action Française is a French ultraconservative monarchist political movement. Its ideology was dominated by the precepts of Charles Maurras , following his adherence and his conversion of
2793-554: The state house in 2006. On November 5, 2002, Greg Moeller became the first member of the Constitution Party to win a partisan election when he won election as a Scott Township Trustee in Hamilton County, Iowa , with only a write-in opponent. In 2006, the Constitution Party of Oregon disaffiliated with the national Constitution Party over disagreements regarding abortion policy. However, despite disaffiliating
2850-439: The struggles of women, people of color and sexual minorities as intrinsic to the struggle of the working class . Notable FSP members include Megan Cornish , Heidi Durham , Richard S. Fraser , and Clara Fraser . FSP has branches in the United States , as well as Australia , England , Germany and New Zealand . FSP is affiliated with Radical Women , a socialist feminist organization. The immediate forerunner of FSP
2907-409: The ticket due to conflicts between him being a columnist and vice-presidential nominee. On September 2, Curtis Frazier was selected to replace Sobran as the party's vice-presidential nominee. In the general election Phillips and Frazier placed sixth with 98,027 votes. On November 7, 2003, Michael Peroutka announced that he would seek the Constitution Party's presidential nomination and on the same day
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#17327904219452964-574: Was an ultraconservative movement in Germany prominent during the Weimar Republic —between World War I and the Nazi seizure of power —with intellectual exponents such as Oswald Spengler , Carl Schmitt , and Ernst Jünger . Plunged into what historian Fritz Stern has named a deep "cultural despair," uprooted as they felt within the rationalism and scientism of the modern world, theorists of
3021-616: Was held from September 4 to 5. In the general election Phillips and Knight placed seventh with 43,400 votes. Following the 1992 presidential election, the U.S. Taxpayers' Party's had ballot qualified state affiliates in California, New Mexico, and South Carolina. In 1996, Phillips sent a memo to conservative Christian leaders including James Dobson , the head of Focus on the Family , stating that anti-abortion candidates like Pat Buchanan, Alan Keyes , or Bob Dornan were unlikely to become
3078-407: Was proposed to change the name of the party to either "Constitutional" or "Independent American", but the vote was tied 27 to 27 so U.S. Taxpayers' was retained as the party's name. In March 1999, another name change was proposed, with American Independent, American Heritage, Constitutional, Independent American, and American Constitution as possible names, but it was unsuccessful. On September 3, 1999,
3135-518: Was selected to serve as a tentative presidential candidate for the party until a more prominent candidate wanted the party's presidential nomination. Albion W. Knight Jr. was later selected to serve as the party's tentative vice-presidential nominee. On April 15, Phillips announced that he would run for the presidency. Phillips accepted the U.S. Taxpayers' Party's presidential nomination at its national convention in New Orleans , Louisiana , which
3192-765: Was selected to serve as the vice-presidential nominee. However, the Constitution parties of Virginia and New Mexico instead gave their presidential nominations to Sheila Tittle and the Virginia Constitution Party gave its vice-presidential nomination to Matthew Hehl. The South Carolina Constitution Party chose to not run a presidential candidate during the 2020 presidential election. The party nominated anti-abortion activist Randall Terry for president and Stephen Broden for vice president. Some state parties such as Nevada and Utah rejected Terry's nomination and instead nominated convention opponent Joel Skousen . The party has sometimes been described as
3249-575: Was the Kirk-Kaye tendency within the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), led by Richard S. Fraser (Kirk) and Clara Fraser (Kaye) who were then married. The Kirk-Kaye tendency primarily disagreed with SWP leadership on three points: The Kirk-Kaye tendency supported revolutionary integrationism , in contrast to the SWP's support for Black nationalism and the Nation of Islam . The Kirk-Kaye tendency argued that socialist feminism must be
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