Misplaced Pages

#630369

35-542: Upper Fremont Glacier is in the Fitzpatrick Wilderness of Shoshone National Forest in the U.S. state of Wyoming . This Wind River Range alpine glacier is associated with the largest grouping of glaciers in the U.S. Rocky Mountains and lies on the north slope of Fremont Peak , the third tallest mountain in Wyoming. Upper Fremont Glacier is at an average altitude of 13,450 ft (4,100 m) and

70-668: A NOLS course as they traveled through the Wind River Range. The school's focus became more ecological ; conservation and preservation began to rank with leadership training in terms of emphasis. As a result of the airing, the school's enrollment grew from 250 students in 1969 to over 750 in 1970. The school also gained publicity in December 1969 from the Life magazine article, “Last Mountain Man? Not If He Can Help It," which featured

105-487: A calm, concise, effective manner. Leadership should keep the positive attitude and work through the issues in a responsible manner. Self-awareness is defined as the skill to realize, interpret, and respond to one's own personal needs, as well as recognizing strengths and weaknesses, and compensating for them accordingly. This skill is imperative in the backcountry because it empowers the individual to take responsibility for his or her health. Taking care of their safety and health

140-450: A diverse community, both among staff and students, by reaching out and supporting underrepresented groups. As of 2021, NOLS offers expeditions for People of Color , those who identify as LGBTQ+ , and women. Additionally, NOLS offers scholarship opportunities and fellowship programs in order to allow individuals who might not normally participate in outdoor adventure programing to do so.   The Leave No Trace National Program began in

175-579: A mid-latitude glacier in North America , as all previous studies have been derived from other sources. The majority of mercury deposition is by way of the atmosphere and sources of the element may be from volcanic activity or from industrialization, but volcanoes are believed to contribute a small proportion of the mercury. The ice core samples from the Upper Fremont Glacier indicated that levels of mercury increased dramatically during

210-455: A positive attitude, respect for others, an awareness of the needs of other group members, and a willingness to place group needs above individual ones. NOLS teaches that it is only through good expedition behavior that groups can successfully collaborate to achieve goals that would be impossible for an individual to achieve on his or her own. All NOLS courses rely on expedition behavior as the underlying basis for successful cooperation. Competence

245-456: A sudden global climate change during the mid 19th century. Ice cores from the glacier also showed increased levels of Tritium (H) and chlorine -36 around the year 1963, which coincides with the peak period of above ground nuclear testing . The same ice cores were also tested for mercury deposition from natural and human-induced activities. This is the first known instance in which ice cores have been used to determine mercury deposition from

280-651: Is also no logging or mining , in compliance with the 1964 Wilderness Act . Wilderness areas within National Forests and Bureau of Land Management areas also allow hunting in season. Encountering bears is a concern in the Wind River Range. There are other concerns as well, including bugs , wildfires , adverse snow conditions and nighttime cold temperatures . Importantly, there have been notable incidents, including accidental deaths , due to falls from steep cliffs (a misstep could be fatal in this class 4/5 terrain ) and due to falling rocks , over

315-802: Is available for all courses, through either the University of Utah , Western State Colorado University , or Central Wyoming College . NOLS also has direct credit agreements with many colleges and universities . NOLS is headquartered in Lander, Wyoming . NOLS was founded in 1965 by Paul Petzoldt , a mountaineer and a member of the Army 's 10th Mountain Division , with the backing of three affluent Lander residents (Ed Breece, legislator and Petzoldt's brother-in-law; Jack Nicholas, legislator; and William Erickson, physician). Breece, Nicholas, and Ericson formed

350-504: Is important to being able to function properly and making strong decisions. Vision and action refers to having the initiative to lead a group and seeing the possibilities for moving the group toward a goal. Skills taught on NOLS courses include backpacking, canoeing, caving, climbing , fly-fishing, horsepacking, mountaineering , rafting, river kayaking, sailing, sea kayaking, skiing, snowboarding, etc. Students gain insight into how to choose equipment, clothing, and how to feed themselves in

385-534: Is one of the highest altitude glaciers in the American Rockies. Ice core samples were taken from Upper Fremont Glacier in 1990-1991. These ice cores were analyzed for climatic changes as well as alterations of atmospheric chemicals. In 1998 an unbroken ice core sample of 538 ft (164 m) was taken from the glacier and subsequent analysis of the ice showed an abrupt change in the oxygen isotope ratio oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 in conjunction with what

SECTION 10

#1732776310631

420-556: Is still based today. NOLS has facilities in Alaska, Washington , Arizona, Utah, New York , Idaho, Chile, Mexico, Canada, New Zealand, the Yukon Territory, Tanzania, Scandinavia, and India . It also runs wilderness medicine courses in a variety of other locations around the world. NOLS grew during the 1970s, due to the publicity gained by an appearance on NBC 's Alcoa Hour . The episode, titled "30 Days to Survival," followed

455-411: Is taught through experience leading daily travel and through targeted classes. Classes include a framework for classifying objective and subjective risks encountered in the wilderness with an emphasis on making thoughtful decisions. Emergency procedures are put into place and taught to all students in case a student or staff member is injured or lost. Additionally NOLS, along with Outward Bound USA and

490-621: Is the hallmark of NOLS' curriculum. NOLS uses four roles and seven skills as a framework to define ideal leadership characteristics. The curriculum's goal is to push students to use leadership skills and teamwork to rise up to challenges faced while on remote, backcountry excursions. The four roles of leadership are: designated leadership, active followership , peer leadership, and self leadership. The seven skills of leadership are: expedition behavior, vision and action, communication, judgement and decision-making, self-awareness, tolerance for adversity, and competence. Expedition behavior refers to having

525-488: Is the mastering of wilderness skills and potential for personal growth and to gain more knowledge. Communication involves effectively communicating interpersonally and with the group on both verbal and nonverbal levels. Judgment and decision-making involve making decisions that benefit the group, given unique circumstances, both externally and internally to the group. Tolerance for adversity and uncertainty refers to being flexible to various challenges, and being able to respond in

560-415: Is to, "elevate the leader in everyone". Courses feature both leadership and technical outdoor skills, which include backpacking , canoeing , whitewater kayaking , packrafting , caving , rock climbing , fly fishing , horse-packing , sea kayaking , mountaineering , rafting , sailing , skiing , snowboarding , and wilderness medicine . NOLS has trained more than 280,000 students . Academic credit

595-606: Is widely regarded as the end of the Little Ice Age , a period of cooler global temperatures between the years 1550 and 1850. A linkage was established with a similar ice core study which had been undertaken on the Quelccaya Ice Cap in Peru , which also demonstrated the same changes in the oxygen isotope ratio during the same period. The climatic implications from the ice cores taken from both sites support evidence of

630-582: The Industrial Revolution and have decreased significantly since the mid-1980s. It is believed that the decrease in mercury deposition since the 1980s coincides with the passage of the Clean Air Act . Fitzpatrick Wilderness U.S. Wilderness Areas do not allow motorized or mechanized vehicles, including bicycles . Although camping and fishing are allowed with proper permit, no roads or buildings are constructed and there

665-668: The Student Conservation Association , sponsors the Wilderness Risk Management Conference . Encountering bears is a concern in the Wind River Range. There are other concerns as well, including insects, wildfires , adverse snow conditions and nighttime cold temperatures . Importantly, there have been notable incidents, including accidental deaths , due to falls from steep cliffs (a misstep could be fatal in this class 4/5 terrain ) and due to falling rocks , over

700-508: The Wind River Range . In the beginning, NOLS struggled with finances to provide necessities for outdoor trips, so Petzoldt and his early team developed the “uniform” made of Salvation Army donations. The school began to grow in the early years and in 1966, women were allowed to enroll. In 1967, the adventure courses began for young boys aged 13–15. In 1971, the administrative offices were moved to downtown Lander, Wyoming, where NOLS

735-753: The 1960s as the USDA Forest Service looked for ways to help people take care of the public lands they were visiting in increasing numbers. In the early 1990s NOLS partnered with the Forest Service on the program. 1994 marks the founding of the Leave No Trace Center for Outdoor Ethics , a non-profit organization. The principles of Leave No Trace concern minimizing the social and environmental impacts that have led to ecological degradation. The program serves as an education tool to provide guidance for how to behave while camping in

SECTION 20

#1732776310631

770-531: The Wind River Range. This article related to a protected area in Wyoming is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . National Outdoor Leadership School NOLS is a non-profit outdoor education school based in the United States dedicated to teaching environmental ethics , technical outdoor skills, wilderness medicine, risk management and judgment, and leadership on extended wilderness expeditions and in traditional classrooms. It

805-484: The Wind River Range. There also was an additional presumed death in 1999, where the student, Thomas Nazzaro's body, was never recovered. The National Society of High School Scholars and NOLS team together to encourage members of NSHSS to pursue leadership development. NOLS partners with the University of Utah's department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism in order for NOLS students to receive college credit through

840-546: The backcountry. The seven principles are: Founded by Melissa Gray and Buck Tilton in Pitkin, Colorado in 1990 as a western branch of Stonehearth Outdoor Learning Opportunities (SOLO), the Wilderness Medicine Institute (WMI) was purchased by NOLS in 1999. It is now known as NOLS Wilderness Medicine. The school maintained its headquarters in Pitkin, Colorado, until the summer of 2002, at which point

875-497: The country as well as the White House on July 3, 2015. Author James Edward Mills wrote The Adventure Gap , a book chronicling the expedition as well as the history of African Americans in the outdoors in the United States. NOLS is notable as a pioneer of diversity in the traditionally white-male dominated field of outdoor adventure education . With their Vision 2020 plan, the organization has committed themselves to building

910-442: The environmental issues around the area and humans' environmental ethics regarding the topics. Risk management is a part of the curriculum and plays a large role in how the school approaches new course areas and course types. In the field, risk management revolves around self-care, preventing injury, and handling risky situations. Students learn about proper foot care and body temperature regulation. Judgment and group decision making

945-483: The nucleus of the early board of trustees. Petzoldt was also an early Outward Bound Chief Instructor, and he wanted to establish a school which promoted concentrating on refining outdoor leadership skills. The first facility opened in 1965 in Lander, Wyoming at Sinks Canyon . June 8, 1965 marks the date of the founding and the first trip beginning at the trailhead of Hidden Valley Ranch where 100 male students went into

980-585: The offices and administrative staff moved to Lander, WY, and into the newly finished NOLS international headquarters. In January 2007, WMI entered into a partnership with Landmark Learning of Cullowhee, NC in order to provide wilderness medicine courses in the American southeast. Then, in 2010 WMI entered into a partnership with REI Co-op to offer wilderness medicine courses through the REI Outdoor School (now REI Experiences). Leadership education

1015-429: The outdoors. They learn that proper hygiene is essential to prevent illnesses. Leave No Trace principles show students how to travel in the outdoors with minimum impact. Throughout the courses students learn about Leave No Trace principles and practice them. Students gain insight into the history of their location by reading about and discussing the plants, animals, geology, etc. of their surroundings. Students delve into

1050-522: The school and Paul Petzoldt . The school's growth continued; by the end of 1976, NOLS had 40 instructors and from 1976 to 1977, had enrolled 1,523 students. NOLS partnered with the University of Utah to offer college credit for courses, and helped create the U.S. Leave No Trace program. In 1989, NOLS adopted an outcome-based education model. In 1999, NOLS acquired the Wilderness Medicine Institute . NOLS also began to offer professional training to corporate and institutional clients, including NASA. In

1085-612: The summer of 2001, the crew of the Space Shuttle Columbia completed a 12-day, 50-mile expedition in the Wind River Mountains of Wyoming with NOLS Professional Training. In the summer of 2013, NOLS designed, developed, and led Expedition Denali, the first team of African Americans to attempt to summit Denali (Mount McKinley), the United States’ highest peak at 20,320 feet. The summit attempt

Upper Fremont Glacier - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-422: The years, including 1993, 2007 (involving an experienced NOLS leader ), 2015 and 2018. Other incidents include a seriously injured backpacker being airlifted near SquareTop Mountain in 2005, and a fatal hiker incident (from an apparent accidental fall ) in 2006 that involved state search and rescue . The U.S. Forest Service does not offer updated aggregated records on the official number of fatalities in

1155-420: The years, including 1993, 2007 (involving an experienced NOLS leader), 2015 and 2018. Other incidents include a seriously injured backpacker being airlifted near SquareTop Mountain in 2005, and a fatal hiker incident (from an apparent accidental fall ) in 2006 that involved state search and rescue . The U.S. Forest Service does not offer updated aggregated records on the official number of fatalities in

1190-455: Was not successful due to weather conditions, but the outreach work that NOLS and Expedition Denali members did before and after the expedition expanded the awareness of organizations and individuals about people of color engaging in the outdoors and in providing youth of color with role models to pursue their own outdoor interests. A film, An American Ascent , was made throughout the expedition and has been shown in film festivals and schools around

1225-505: Was previously known as the National Outdoor Leadership School , but in 2015, this label was retired in favor of the independent "NOLS". The NOLS mission is to be the leading source and teacher of wilderness skills and leadership that serve people and the environment . NOLS runs courses on six continents , with courses in a variety of wilderness environments and for almost any age group. The NOLS vision

#630369