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44-801: The UralZIS plant in Miass was founded during the Second World War when the production of the ZIS plant in Moscow was relocated behind the Ural to be protected against attacks by the Germans. Mainly ZIS-5 trucks were built. However, the plant in Moscow was able to resume production a short time later. The production facility in Miass remained and was henceforth called UralZIS. The UralZIS-5 called trucks were produced here with minor technical changes until 1958. In

88-425: A Degtyaryov machine gun . The engine compartment was sealed with two armored intakes over the front grill. Suspensions remained unchanged despite the increased weight from the gun and armor, but this did not seem to hamper the truck's performance. It was decided that the design was successful enough to warrant around 80 more vehicles being built after the initial order for 20 had been completed. Not all of these carried

132-597: A humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ). Average temperature is −10.2 °C (13.6 °F) in February and 20.6 °C (69.1 °F) in July. Falls are generally warm, with snow beginning to accumulate by mid-November. Winters tend to be cold but with moderate amounts of snowfall and nighttime lows occasionally dipping below −25 °C (−13 °F). Summer weather arrives in mid-May. Precipitation averages about 480 millimeters (19 in). The city

176-658: A developed network of roads and railways which provide a good basis for turning Ulyanovsk into a major transport and logistics hub in the Volga Federal district working not only for Ulyanovsk Region's plants but the whole Volga federal district. Ulyanovsk transport hub provides all forms of transport (busy river port and passenger terminal , railways with two major passenger and cargo stations, airports and now two major bridges) apart from sea, which can serve Russian and international cargo traffic to Kazakhstan , Central Asia and Southeast Asia , Europe, China and back. As

220-710: A license agreement with the Autocar Company . Some time later, the AMO-2 was modernized and improved, being renamed the AMO-3. In 1933 AMO was rebuilt again and renamed into Factory No. 2 Zavod Imeni Stalina (or Plant of Stalin's name, abbreviated in ZIS or ZiS) and in Summer, the AMO-3 was rebranded the ZiS-5. Serial production of the new truck started on October 1, 1933. The truck was an instant success and, which together with

264-452: A magnificent library. The Holy Trinity Cathedral was constructed in a restrained Neoclassical style between 1827 and 1841. In the summer of 1864, in what was believed an arson attack, Simbirsk was mostly destroyed by fire. However, it was quickly rebuilt and continued to grow. Its population, which was 26,000 in 1856, had reached 43,000 by 1897. In 1924, the city was renamed Ulyanovsk in honor of Vladimir Ulyanov, better known as Lenin , who

308-595: Is a city and the administrative center of Ulyanovsk Oblast , Russia, located on the Volga River 705 kilometers (438 mi) east of Moscow . Ulyanovsk has been the only Russian UNESCO City of Literature since 2015. The city was the birthplace of Vladimir Lenin (born Ulyanov), for whom it was renamed after his death in 1924; and of Alexander Kerensky , the leader of the Russian Provisional Government which Lenin overthrew during

352-515: Is based in the city. There are many manufacturing facilities of foreign corporations such as Legrand (company) , Mars, Incorporated , Takata-Petri , Anadolu Efes S.K. , ALFA (Mexico) and others. Banking is mostly represented by national banks such as Sberbank , VTB Bank, Alfa-Bank , Bin Bank, Ak Bars Bank and also regional banks from Ulyanovsk Oblast . Ulyanovsk has also a strong military base presence in town. The 31st Airborne Brigade of

396-470: Is headed by a mayor who is the executive branch, and city council which is the legislative branch. The term of the mayor is five years. In 2010 the city council abolished the direct elections to the mayor, replacing it with city manager, appointed by the council. Then again, in April 2013 the city charter was amended to re-introduce the direct mayoral election. Ulyanovsk serves as the administrative center of

440-632: Is subject to frequent, but moderate, droughts. Springs and summers are sunny, but fall and winter are usually cloudy. Median annual temperature is +5.1 °C (41.2 °F). A maximum temperature of +39.3 °C (102.7 °F) was recorded on 2 August 2010, during a record-breaking heat wave . Ulyanovsk is a major, diversified, industrial hub for aircraft and auto industries. The UAZ automobile manufacturing plant (subsidiary of Sollers JSC ); Aviastar-SP Aircraft Company (part of United Aircraft Corporation ); Scientific and Production Association "Mars" (manufactures industrial control systems for

484-817: The GAZ-AA , became the main Soviet truck of the 1930s through the 1950s. It also evolved into the workhorse of the Soviet Armed Forces: at the beginning of Operation Barbarossa the Red Army could line up 104,200 of these trucks. Facing the German invasion, in the autumn of 1941 the production line at Moscow plant was stopped and moved to Ulyanovsk (on the Volga ) and to Miass (in the Chelyabinsk region of

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528-506: The GAZ-AA , the ZIS-5 was the 2nd most used Red Army truck of 1933-1943 period. The intensive growth of Lend Lease trucks shipping in 1943-1944 did not affect the first line use of the "Tryohtonka" (as soldiers called the ZIS-5 for its 3-ton payload), while the GAZ-AA got somewhat phased out to secondary roles. The ZIS-5 showed remarkable service on the " Road of Life ", the only supply line to

572-526: The October Revolution of 1917. It is also famous for its writers such as Ivan Goncharov , Nikolay Yazykov and Nikolay Karamzin , and for painters such as Arkady Plastov and Nikas Safronov . Simbirsk was founded in 1648 by the boyar Bogdan Khitrovo . The fort of "Simbirsk" (alternatively "Sinbirsk") was strategically placed on a hill on the Western bank of the Volga River . The fort

616-585: The Russian Airborne Troops of the armed forces is based in Ulyanovsk. " Bridgestone Tire Manufacturing CIS" - Japan tyre works, work from 2016. Production of industrial gases: Linde Gas Rus, Spektrum of Gases. Tourism is a growing industry in the city and the surrounding areas because of Volga micro-climate and historical significance of Simbirsk . Hilton Hotel Group and Marriott Hotels & Resorts are building their hotels in

660-562: The Russian Bandy Super League . Volga-2 plays in the 2nd division. An indoor arena for bandy, Volga-Sport-Arena , opened in 2014, as one of the first in Russia. It has a capacity of 5 000. The Bandy World Championship 2016 was played in Ulyanovsk and nearby Dimitrovgrad . [1] The Youth-17 Bandy World Championship will be hosted by Ulyanovsk in 2018. In association football, FC Volga plays in "Urals-Volga" zone of

704-536: The Russian Navy , a subsidiary of state-owned conglomerate Agat); Ulyanovsk Cartridge Works (manufactures ammunition for firearms); Ulyanovsk Motor Plant ( Ульяновский моторный завод , UMZ) and Ulyanovsk Mechanical Plant ( Ульяновский механический завод , UMZ , a subsidiary of JSC Almaz-Antey ) are based in the city along with a variety of light industry and food-processing enterprises. An international airline for unique and heavy cargo , Volga-Dnepr Airlines ,

748-507: The Russian Second Division (2016–2017 season). Ulyanovsk also hosted matches of first qualifying round UEFA Women's Under-17 Championship 2014 . Matches were held at Trud Stadium in the downtown Ulyanovsk. In 2017 "Trud" was closed for reconstruction. In 2017 the first CIS festival for national sports and games, Фестиваль национальных видов спорта и игр государств — участников Содружества Независимых Государств ,

792-533: The Urals ). Production at Ulyanovsk UAZZIS lasted from February 1942 to 1944. UralZIS at Ulyanovsk installed radiators with their own label and production there ran from July 1944 to 1955, well after the war. In the meantime, the Moscow ZIS plant had restarted production of these trucks in April 1942 and continued until 1948, when the new ZIS-50 (ZIS-5 with a new engine) appeared. In 1955 UralZIS also modified

836-576: The Winter War of 1939–40, and by Germans after the invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941 until Germany's surrender in 1945. (*) People who investigated ZIS-5 state that the real power of the engine was less than claimed in official documents and equal to 67-68 hp (rated horsepower is not the same as brake horsepower ). Ulyanovsk Ulyanovsk , known as Simbirsk until 1924,

880-583: The ZIS-150 or the ZIL-164 in large numbers. Despite the large number of UralZIS-355Ms built, the truck is rare today. There are still a little over 20 copies known on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The UralAZ plant (previously UralZIS), which was also renamed at the beginning of the 1960s, no longer built light trucks after production of the Ural-355M was discontinued. It specialized completely in

924-464: The oblast . Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is, together with thirty rural localities , incorporated as the city of oblast significance of Ulyanovsk —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , the city of oblast significance of Ulyanovsk is incorporated as Ulyanovsk Urban Okrug . In 2008, there were registered 6,774 births and 8,054 deaths in Ulyanovsk. Ulyanovsk has

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968-647: The 45mm gun, some carried quad- Maxim guns , and others were left unarmed to function more as Armoured personnel carriers . The first of the cars was delivered to the Leningrad People’s Militia on 15 July, 1941. One car was captured by the Wehrmacht . A few were captured by the Finnish Army and used through early 1942. The last operational cars were seen around Leningrad in January 1943. ZIS-5

1012-474: The Soviet Union , the tourist importance of Ulyanovsk sharply decreased. In the 1990s, the city went through the hardest times—a slump in production in all branches, mass unemployment, and a population impoverishment. In the first decade of the 2000s the economy started to grow. Ulyanovsk slowly recovered from these downturns into regional manufacturing, educational and transportation clusters . The city

1056-535: The ZIS-5: It got a new engine and oval fenders, different from pre-war ones. This new model received the designation of UralZIS-355 or ZIS-355. At the end of 1941 war shortages of raw materials forced change to the construction of the ZIS-5. All changes were focused on simplifying manufacture and using less raw materials: the round, stamped fenders were replaced with flat, bent ones, cabs and foot boards were now made from wood, brakes were removed from front wheels, and

1100-454: The aging Ulyanovsk bridge, the only crossing of the Volga in the 400 km stretch from Kazan to Tolyatti , could no longer cope with the growing needs of the city, the construction of President Bridge , a truss bridge , began in the late 1980s. Completion was delayed significantly due to catastrophic economic circumstances following the end of the Soviet Union. Its official opening ceremony

1144-552: The besieged city of Leningrad , opened on the frozen surface of the Ladoga Lake in the winter months during 1941–1944. This truck has the nickname Zakhar (Захар, "за характер", on the character). The ZIS-5 was used as the basis for improvised armored cars made by the Izshorsky plant in 1941 under the designation "IZ". The initial order of 20 vehicles were equipped with a 45 mm anti-tank gun M1937 (53-K) , 3-10mm of armor, and

1188-646: The construction of all-terrain three-axle vehicles such as the Ural-375 and the Ural-4320 , which is still in production today. All data apply for the flatbed truck UralZIS-355M. Dimensions and weights ZIS-5 (truck) The ZIS-5 ( Russian : ЗИС-5 ) was a 4x2 Soviet truck produced by Moscow ZIS factory from 1932 to 1948 (first one made at the end of 1930). In 1931, Moscow Avtomobilnoe Moskovskoe Obshchestvo (AMO, Russian Автомобильное Московское Общество (АМО) — Moscow Automotive Enterprise) truck plant

1232-402: The downtown area. The region of Undory, a driving distance from Ulyanovsk is famous for its spas and mineral water. The city offers many options for sports enthusiasts. The countryside is ideal for outdoor and water sports. The springs of Undory have been known for more than 200 years. The water at spa is rich in sodium chloride, and comes from artesian wells. A railway bridge across the Volga

1276-674: The houses where Lenin lived between 1870 and 1887. The restoration of the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity was considered, but has since been canceled. However, many historical constructions remain. Among them the house in which writer Ivan Goncharov was born, the Protestant church and other buildings. Ulyanovsk is home to several tourist destinations around the downtown museum district and famous Volga River tours. The Ulyanovsk State historical memorial complex "Lenin`s hometown" houses

1320-415: The level of the reservoir, protected from flooding by a dam: it is estimated that its catastrophic failure would submerge parts of the city comprising around 5% of its total population with as much as 10 meters (33 ft) of water. During the Soviet period, Ulyanovsk was an important tourist center, drawing visitors from around the country because of its revolutionary importance. After the dissolution of

1364-411: The mid-1950s, the vehicles were renamed again to UralZIS-355 in accordance with the standardized numbering system for Soviet vehicles . It was not until the end of 1957 or the beginning of 1958 that major changes were made to the bodywork and the technology of the trucks and transferred to series production. The new vehicle was named UralZIS-355M , where the M stands for "modernized". The UralZIS-355M

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1408-611: The rear body had the tailgate swinging only. Sometimes the right headlight was also removed, while bumpers were omitted from these versions. The simplified model, designated ZIS-5V, was produced from May 1942 in Ulyanovsk , and later also in Moscow and Miass . Overall production tallied about 1 million units (all plants), with ZIS alone producing 532,311 examples. During the War years about 83,000 ZIS-5 of both versions were produced. During

1452-513: The regional city center, the center of Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk. The memorial estate has been recreating the local culture connected with architecture, education and way of life of Russia since the end of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century. The State historical memorial complex "Lenin`s hometown" was founded in 1984. Now it consists of 14 museums and the Showroom, and has a young creative collective of 152 people. Volga plays in

1496-536: The right-bank part of the city, and all the trolley only on the left bank), 50 municipal bus routes, and about 150 fixed-route taxi ( marshrutkas ) lines. The City of Ulyanovsk has a working plan to build high-speed rail system to connect the two banks of the town. Ulyanovsk is served by the Ulyanovsk Vostochny Airport (the international airport) in the left-bank part of the city and Ulyanovsk Baratayevka Airport (Ulyanovsk Central Airport) in

1540-411: The right-bank part of the city. There is also a large number of technical and medical community colleges in Ulyanovsk. During the Soviet period, Ulyanovsk lost much of its historical heritage due to both neglect and intentional destruction. All traces of the original wooden fort have disappeared, as have the churches of old Simbirsk; the majority of 19th-century buildings remain in the city, including

1584-429: The war the ZIS-5 was used on all fronts, where it was greatly appreciated for its remarkably simple and reliable construction. Apart from cargo duties, the ZIS-5 was used as a light artillery tractor and for troop transportation (25 soldiers could sit in five benches placed in the rear body). ZIS-5 served also as base for many special trucks like refuellers, field workshops, ambulances, portee guns, and AA platforms. After

1628-640: Was born in Simbirsk in 1870. Two other Russian political leaders, Alexander Kerensky and Alexander Protopopov , were also born in Simbirsk. The construction of the Kuybyshev hydroelectric plant (completed in 1957) 200 kilometers (120 mi) downstream of Ulyanovsk resulted in the flooding of significant tracts of land both north and south of Ulyanovsk and increasing the width of the Volga by up to 35 kilometers (22 mi) in some places. To this day, some populated neighborhoods of Ulyanovsk remain well below

1672-593: Was built in 1912–1916 and two automobile lanes were added to it in 1953–1958, allowing for the city to expand on the Eastern (left) bank of the river and transforming it into a local transport hub . According to Ulyanovsk Region Development Corporation, Ulyanovsk Region is conveniently situated in the center of the European part of Russia, where east west and north south air, rail, car and river routes cross. It has an industrial, transport and business infrastructure and

1716-507: Was built in series until 1965. In 1961 the name was changed to Ural-355M to accommodate de-Stalinization. During the production time there were only minor technical changes. About 192,500 copies of the truck were built before production ceased. In the course of the increasing specialization of the Soviet auto industry, medium-weight trucks were primarily built in Zavod imeni Likhachyova in Moscow. The factory had previously built similar trucks like

1760-519: Was destroyed by a fire during the 18th century. As the eastern border of the Russian Empire was rapidly pushed into Siberia , Simbirsk rapidly lost its strategic importance, but nonetheless began to develop into an important regional center. Simbirsk was granted city status in 1796. Simbirsk was then considered an exclusive town favoured by the aristocracy, and besides its churches and a Governor's Place, included an Assembly Of The Nobles, with

1804-474: Was meant to protect the eastern frontier of the Tsardom of Russia from the nomadic tribes and to establish a permanent royal presence in the area. In 1668, Simbirsk withstood a month-long siege by a 20,000-strong army led by rebel Cossack commander Stenka Razin . Also in Simbirsk another country rebel, Yemelyan Pugachev , was imprisoned before execution. At the time Simbirsk possessed a wooden kremlin , which

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1848-631: Was on November 24, 2009, by the Russian President Dmitry Medvedev – although traffic was using the bridge a few days earlier. The bridge has a total length of 5.5 km, making it one of the longest in Europe. The city is divided by the river Sviyaga , a tributary of the Volga whose confluence with it is about 200 km north of the city. Public transportation in the city is well developed and provided by 17 tram lines, 7 trolleybus routes (and all tram lines are only on

1892-593: Was re-equipped and expanded with the help of the American A.J. Brandt Co., and began to produce a new truck with designation of AMO-2. The AMO-2 was intended as a replacement of the previous AMO-F-15 , the first Soviet truck ever built (it was a copy of the Italian Fiat F-15 ). However, the AMO-2 was not an original development but instead was based on the Autocar Dispatch SD truck, after

1936-472: Was the first Soviet motor vehicle to be exported. With over 1 million ZIS-5 trucks made overall, the USSR had ample opportunity to offer it for sale abroad. A batch of 100 trucks were sold to Turkey in 1934; other quantities were subsequently purchased by Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Spain , China, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Mongolia, and Romania. Some trophy vehicles were used by Finns who had captured them during

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