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27-492: Plauen is the administrative centre and largest city of the district. Other major cities ( Große Kreisstädte ) are Reichenbach im Vogtland , Auerbach , and Oelsnitz im Vogtland . The Vogtland became part of the Holy Roman Empire under king Conrad III in the 12th century. In 1209, the minister dynasty administrating the area was split into three areas, Weida, Greiz and Gera-Plauen. When centralized power over

54-595: A DIPLOMA Fachhochschule. Plauen is twinned with: The urban district of Jößnitz is twinned with Heilsbronn , Germany. White Elster The White Elster ( German : Weiße Elster , Czech : Bílý Halštrov ) is a 257-kilometre (160 mi) long river in central Europe . It is a right tributary of the Saale . The source of the White Elster is in the westernmost part of the Czech Republic , in

81-612: A centre of textile manufacturing, specializing in Chemical lace , called Plauen lace . Around 1910, Plauen, as an industrial 'boomtown' of the region, reached its population peak (1910 census: 121,000, 1912: 128,000). Plauen's population, however, has shrunk dramatically since the Second World War (1939: 111,000 inhabitants). In the 1930s, Plauen hosted the first chapter of the Nazi Party outside of Bavaria . During

108-561: A lot of forests. The main river is the White Elster . The mountain of Bezelberg (638 m) lies within the district. The district council of the Vogtland district was elected in the local elections on 9 June 2024. The 86 seats in the district council are distributed among the individual parties as follows: The first German cosmonaut , Sigmund Jähn was born in the Vogtland. His hometown, the small town of Morgenröthe-Rautenkranz , in

135-608: A population of around 65,000, the fifth-largest city of Saxony , Germany after Leipzig , Dresden , Chemnitz and Zwickau , the second-largest city of the Vogtland after Gera , as well as the largest city in the Saxon Vogtland ( Sächsisches Vogtland ). The city lies on the upper reaches of the White Elster , a tributary of the Saale , in the Central Vogtlandian Hill Country. Plauen is

162-627: Is a plan to rename the Oberer (Upper) station into Plauen Hauptbahnhof (Main Station). Vogtlandbahn (Vogtland Railway), a regional train company, operates services from Plauen to Hof , Werdau, Chemnitz , Zwickau , Falkenstein and Adorf within Germany and Cheb in the Czech Republic . At these stations, there are other Vogtlandbahn services to Munich , Regensburg , Marktredwitz, Dresden and Leipzig within Germany and Karlovy Vary and Prague in

189-469: The Czech Republic ( Bohemia ). Plauen and the surrounding Saxon Vogtland are known as the center of the German embroidery and lace industry, and the products of the region are protected under the label Plauener Spitze  [ de ] ("Plauen Lace"). The Elster Viaduct ( Elstertalbrücke ), spanning the valley of the White Elster between Plauen and Pöhl , is the second-largest brick bridge in

216-475: The Czech Republic . A Vogtlandbahn Express Bus service runs between Plauen and Berlin Schönefeld Airport and Zoological Garden. The Plauen Straßenbahn is a tram system with 6 lines connecting the center of city, the central Plauen-Tunnel stop, to the surrounding areas and the upper railway station (Oberer Bahnhof). Plauen is home to a University of Applied Sciences with about 300 students and

243-613: The German Reunification the changes of the 1952 reform were mostly undone, and in 1996 the 5 districts were merged to form the Vogtlandkreis. In the district reform of August 1, 2008 the city of Plauen was included into the district. The Vogtlandkreis is named after the geographic area it covers, the Vogtland , which was so called because it was governed by Vogts. Located in the Ore Mountains it contains

270-574: The Krystallnacht . Plauen becoming a Nazi stronghold, attacks against the Jewish community were frequent in the 1920s. Physically labelled Jews are documented from 1932. Most of the Jewish population either left or was killed during The Holocaust . Today, no Jewish community exists in Plauen. The city of Plauen maintains a few sites in the city to commemorate past Jewish life in Plauen, such as

297-536: The Border Guards ("Grenztruppen der DDR"). The first mass demonstration against the communist regime in the GDR began in Plauen on 7 October 1989; this was the beginning of a series of mass demonstrations across the country and ultimately led to the re-unification of Germany in 1990. The exposé Fast Food Nation gives special mention to Plauen as the first city of the GDR to have a McDonald's restaurant following

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324-709: The French troops when they retreated from Leipzig in October 1813, as a part of the Napoleonic Wars . Józef Poniatowski , Marshal of France, drowned in the river on 19 October 1813. This article related to a river in Saxony is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Thuringia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

351-606: The Jewish Cemetery. A 3D-model of the Jewish Synagogue of Plauen was designed by Prof. Marc Grellert and his team from the TU Darmstadt as a part of his project to 3D-design German synagogues that were demolished before, during and after WW2. https://www.architektur.tu-darmstadt.de/fachbereich/aktuelles_arch/architektur_news_details_133952.de.jsp The first freely elected mayor after German reunification

378-570: The area decreased, county leaders, local administrators, called in Latin advocatus or in German Vögte , were appointed, giving the area its current name. The Vogtland war (1354-1357) ended this administration and the area changed ownership to Bohemia . In 1546 Henry IV, Burgrave of Plauen got the area from the Bohemian king and later emperor Ferdinand I . His children inherited not only

405-549: The collapse of the Berlin Wall . As part of Saxony's local government reform of July 1st 2008, Plauen lost its status as a district-free city and was integrated into the Vogtlandkreis district. The Jewish community of Plauen dates back to the early 14th century and numbered several hundred between the two world wars. A reform-Jewish, bauhaus-style synagogue was opened in 1930, only to be demolished in 1938 during

432-410: The land, but also crippling debts, so to pay these 1563 the area was bought by Saxony from Henry VI, and when in 1569 Henry VI finally ceased to claim ownership the new leadership created the first Vogtland district ( Voigtländischen Creiß ). 1657-1718 Saxony was split into parts, the Vogtland belonged to Saxe-Zeitz . In 1835 the new constitutional monarchy changed the administration and abolished

459-674: The municipality Muldenhammer , houses a small Space Exploration exhibition. The lion on the left side of the coat of arms is traditional symbol of the Vögte of Weida, Gera and Plauen, which was confirmed in 1294. The eagle on the right side stands for the Holy Roman Empire , as the Vogtland belonged to the Empire directly. 50°26′N 12°16′E  /  50.433°N 12.267°E  / 50.433; 12.267 Plauen Plauen ( German pronunciation: [ˈplaʊən] ; Upper Sorbian : Pławno ; Czech : Plavno ) is, with

486-551: The old district, and instead the Amtshauptmannschaft Plauen was created, and in 1867 those of Auerbach and Oelsnitz. 1907 the city of Plauen left the district and became district-free city. 1952 the East German government with the big administrative reform renamed them to Kreise (districts), and created the new districts Klingenthal and Reichenbach by decreasing the size of the previous ones. After

513-763: The river Saale in Halle . Although "Elster" is German for " magpie ", the origin of the name has nothing to do with the bird. The name comes from the Indo-European root el-/ol- meaning "flow" and the Germanic ending "-str". Alster has the same etymology. The White Elster never meets the Black Elster , which flows from Lusatia into the River Elbe . The rivers have the names "white" and "black" to distinguish between them. The White Elster proved disastrous to

540-586: The southwesternmost city of a string of cities sitting in the densely populated foreland of the Elster and Ore Mountains , stretching from Plauen in the southwest via Zwickau, Chemnitz and Freiberg to Dresden in the northeast. It is the seat of the Vogtland District . Plauen directly borders Greiz in Thuringia to the north, and it is also situated near the Saxon border with Bavaria ( Franconia ) and

567-475: The territory of Hazlov . After a few kilometres, it flows into eastern Germany where it cuts through the Vogtland in (according to the Encyclopædia Britannica ) a "deep and picturesque valley". In Germany it flows through the states of Saxony , Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt . The White Elster flows through the cities of Plauen , Greiz , Gera , Zeitz , Pegau and Leipzig , and into

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594-512: The war, the Nazis operated a prison in the town, and three subcamps of the Flossenbürg concentration camp . 500 women, mostly Polish, but also Russian, Italian, French, Yugoslavian and Croatian, were imprisoned and used as forced labour in the first two subcamps, and 50 men from various countries were imprisoned in the third subcamp. It was occupied by American troops on 16 April 1945 but

621-524: The world, after the Göltzsch Viaduct . Although being a Saxon city, the regional Vogtlandian dialect spoken in Plauen is a ( Saxon -influenced) East Franconian variant related to the dialects of neighbouring Franconia in Bavaria. The name of the city as well as the names of many of its boroughs are of Slavic origin. Plauen was founded by Polabian Slavs in the 12th century as "Plawe" and

648-595: Was Rolf Magerkord of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), who served from 1990 to 2000. The mayor was originally chosen by the city council, but since 1994 has been directly elected. Ralf Oberdorfer of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) was mayor between 2000 and 2021. The most recent mayoral election was held in two rounds on 13 June and 4 July 2021, in which Steffen Zenner (CDU) was elected. The most recent city council election

675-601: Was held on 9 June 2024, and the results were as follows: Plauen (Vogtland) Oberer Bahnhof lies on the Leipzig–Hof line . The section of this line through Plauen is part of the Saxon-Franconian trunk line running between Nürnberg , Hof , Plauen, Zwickau , Chemnitz and Dresden . The city had another station, Plauen (Vogtland) Unterer station (now defunct), on the Elster Valley Railway . There

702-540: Was left to Red Army on 1 July 1945. On 15 December 1945, the city issued 7 semi-postal postage stamps of its own to raise money for reconstruction. From 1945 onwards, Plauen fell into the Soviet occupation zone of Germany, which later became the German Democratic Republic (1949–1990). Plauen hosted a large Red Army occupation garrison and, in the last years of the GDR (DDR), an officer school of

729-648: Was passed to the Kingdom of Bohemia in 1327. The town was captured by the Archbishop of Magdeburg , Lippold von Bredow , in 1384. In 1466, it was passed to Albertine Saxony and later in 1569 to the Electorate of Saxony . Plauen became incorporated into the Kingdom of Saxony in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars , and in 1871 it became part of the German Empire . In the late-19th century, Plauen became

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