Val-de-Marne ( French pronunciation: [val də maʁn] , "Vale of the Marne ") is a department of France located in the Île-de-France region . Named after the river Marne , it is situated in the Grand Paris metropolis to the southeast of the City of Paris . In 2019, Val-de-Marne had a population of 1,407,124.
19-535: Its INSEE and postcode number is 94. Val-de-Marne is, together with Seine-Saint-Denis and Hauts-de-Seine , one of three small departments in Île-de-France that form a ring around Paris, known as the Petite Couronne ("inner ring"). Since 1 January 2016, Val-de-Marne is included in the Métropole du Grand Paris . [REDACTED] The most populous commune is Vitry-sur-Seine ; the prefecture Créteil
38-476: A case-by-case basis to determine whether they lack the raw materials and natural resources that can support a larger population. Otherwise, he thought that we run the risk of underpopulating a country that could support a much larger population Sauvy coined the term 'Third World' in an article published in the French magazine, L'Observateur on August 14, 1952. He wrote: Sauvy coined Third World by analogy with
57-598: A family of Catalan wine-growers, and educated at the École Polytechnique . After graduating, he worked at Statistique Générale de France until 1937. He took part in the X-Crise Group . From 1938, he was economic advisor to Minister of Finance Paul Reynaud until the Second World War broke out in 1939. He founded Institut Français de la Conjoncture in 1938. Under the Nazi occupation, Sauvy contributed to
76-415: Is composed of around 16,100 IRIS in total, of which 650 are in the overseas departments. There are 3 types of IRIS unit in use; residential IRIS (pop. between 1,800 and 5,000), business IRIS (containing more than 1,000 employees) and miscellaneous IRIS (specific large zones which are sparsely inhabited and have large surface areas (leisure parks, ports, forests etc.). The following is a list of directors of
95-792: Is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. The president of the Departmental Council is Olivier Capitanio, elected in July 2021. Institut national de la statistique et des %C3%A9tudes %C3%A9conomiques The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies ( French : Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques ), abbreviated INSEE or Insee ( / ɪ n s eɪ / in- SAY , French pronunciation: [inse] ),
114-585: Is the national statistics bureau of France . It collects and publishes information about the French economy and people and carries out the periodic national census. Headquartered in Montrouge , a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, it is the French branch of Eurostat . The INSEE was created in 1946 as a successor to the Vichy regime 's National Statistics Service (SNS). It works in close cooperation with
133-495: Is the second-most populous. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 60,000 inhabitants: Val-de-Marne is made up of 3 departmental arrondissements and 47 communes : [REDACTED] Arrondissement of L'Haÿ-les-Roses Arrondissement of Créteil Arrondissement of Nogent-sur-Marne Val-de-Marne was created in January 1968, through the implementation of a law passed in July 1964. Positioned to
152-665: The Bulletins rouge-brique , a government-sanctioned periodical. After the war, Charles de Gaulle offered to appoint him to the position of General Secretary for Family and Population, but Sauvy preferred to devote himself to demographics. From 1940 to 1959, he taught at the Institut d’études politiques (IEP) and was Professor of Social Demography at the Collège de France . He became director of INED (National Institute of Demographic Studies) and simultaneously represented France at
171-479: The Institut national d'études démographiques (INED). The INSEE is responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France. Its best known responsibilities include: The INSEE is the responsibility of MINEFI , the French Ministry of Finance. The current director is Jean-Luc Tavernier. However, Eurostat considers INSEE as an independent body, although its independence is not written in
190-440: The 2000 in the name referred not only to the upcoming millennium year but to the target size of 2,000 residents per basic unit. Since 1999, IRIS has represented the fundamental unit for dissemination of infra-municipal data in France and its overseas departments and regions . Towns with more than 10,000 inhabitants, and a large proportion of towns with between 5,000 and 10,000 inhabitants, are divided into several IRIS units. France
209-731: The INSEE since it was founded: Alfred Sauvy Alfred Sauvy (31 October 1898 – 30 October 1990) was a demographer , anthropologist and historian of the French economy. Sauvy coined the term Third World ("Tiers Monde") in reference to countries that were unaligned with either the Western bloc or the Eastern bloc during the Cold War. Sauvy was born in Villeneuve-de-la-Raho ( Pyrénées-Orientales ) in 1898 to
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#1732772675954228-625: The SGF on 11 October 1941. The new organization was called the SNS or National Statistics Service . As part of this reorganization, six new offices were created in the Northern (occupied) zone whose regional structure is maintained today in INSEE. René Carmille created an Applied Sciences School (predecessor of the current ENSAE ) to specially train members for the SNS. Carmille worked for Vichy France but he
247-514: The Statistics Bureau (French: Bureau de la statistique ) was created by Adolphe Thiers . In 1840 it was renamed SGF or General Statistics of France . Under the direction of Lucien March, the SGF expanded its activities. It began an investigation of consumption habits in 1907, following with periodic investigations on retail prices in 1911. In 1920 Alfred Sauvy introduced competitive entrance exams for SGF recruitment. However, it
266-691: The commission of Statistics and Population of the United Nations . He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1973) and the American Philosophical Society (1974). He wrote for Le Monde until his death in October 1990. Writing in 1949, Sauvy described potential overpopulation as a 'false problem' and argued against attempts at global population control. He suggested examining countries on
285-590: The law. Research and teaching for the INSEE is undertaken by GENES or Group of the National Schools of the Economy and Statistics (French: Groupe des Écoles Nationales d'Économie et Statistique ) which includes: INSEE gives numerical indexing codes (French: les Codes INSEE ) to various entities in France: The INSEE was preceded by several related statistical agencies in France. In 1833,
304-588: The metropolis and overseas France ( L'Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques pour la métropole et la France d'outre-mer ). IRIS is the name for France's unit of division of geographical regions for the purposes of taking a census . In order to prepare for the dissemination of the 1999 French population census, INSEE developed a system for dividing the country into units of equal size, known as IRIS2000, now known simply as 'IRIS'. The acronym stands for 'Ilots Regroupés pour l'Information Statistique' ('aggregated units for statistical information') and
323-523: The south-east of the Paris ring road (and the line of the old city walls ), it was formed from the southern-eastern part of the (previously much larger) Seine department , together with a small portion taken from the broken-up department of Seine-et-Oise . Population development since 1881: An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but
342-589: Was René Carmille , a pioneer of the use of the calculators , who laid the foundations of the modern organization. In 1940, the Demographic Service ( Service de la démographie ) was created under the Ministry of Finance in order to replace the military recruitment office prohibited by the June 1940 Armistice with Nazi Germany . In order to better conceal its undertakings, the Demographic Service absorbed
361-631: Was actually a double agent for the French underground. From his position in the SNS he sabotaged the Nazi census of France, which saved untold numbers of Jewish people from death camps. He also used his department to help mobilize French resistance in Algeria. He was caught by the Nazis and sent to Dachau where he died in 1945. The SNS was finally transformed into the INSEE by the law of 27 April 1946, The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Surveys for
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