Misplaced Pages

#259740

74-915: Vasco may refer to: People [ edit ] Given name [ edit ] Middle Ages [ edit ] Vasco da Gama (c. 1460s–1524), Portuguese explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1475–1519), Spanish conquistador Vasco Fernandes Coutinho, captain of Espírito Santo (1490–1561), Portuguese nobleman and first donatary of the Captaincy of Espírito Santo Vasco Fernandes (artist) (1475–1540), Portuguese painter Vasco de Quiroga (1470/78–1565), Spanish bishop and judge, first bishop of Michoacán, Mexico Vasco Martins de Sousa (1320s–1387), Lord of Mortágua and Chancellor mor under King Peter I of Portugal Modern world [ edit ] Vasco Cordeiro (born 1973), Portuguese politician Vasco da Gama Fernandes (1908–1991), Portuguese politician, Chairman of

148-541: A Canadian document e-signature company, for US$ 113 million. By early 2016, the company's cloud electronic signature software, eSignLive, was updated to include integration with Salesforce . Vasco announced a face recognition authentication feature for Digipass in May 2016. The company has partnerships with financial institutions including HSBC Bank USA , Fedict , Rabobank , Arab Bank and Riyadh Bank . On May 30, 2018, Vasco changed its name to OneSpan. It now trades under

222-703: A Dutch certificate authority. In June 2011, DigiNotar was hacked and started issuing false security certificates. When the news broke, all issued certificates were cancelled and the company went bankrupt. In 2013, Vasco announced its acquisition of the Cambridge-based technology company Cronto. The patented CrontoSign solution uses specialized color bar codes, so-called Cronto Visual Cryptograms (or photoTAN), to mitigate MITB Trojan malware. The company established its international headquarters at Dubai Silicon Oasis in 2012. Vasco announced that it would lower EMEA channel entry for VARs at that time. It became

296-515: A cask of honey – were trivial, and failed to impress. While the Zamorin's officials wondered at why there was no gold or silver, the Muslim merchants who considered da Gama their rival suggested that the latter was only an ordinary pirate and not a royal ambassador. Vasco da Gama's request for permission to leave a factor behind him in charge of the merchandise he could not sell was turned down by

370-558: A commercial monopoly of these commodities for several decades. It was not until a century later that other European powers were able to challenge Portugal's monopoly and naval supremacy in the Cape Route . Da Gama led two of the Portuguese India Armadas , the first and the fourth. The latter was the largest and departed for India three years after his return from the first one. For his contributions, in 1524 da Gama

444-543: A forced conversion to Christianity. After stopping at Cannanore, Gama drove his fleet before Kozhikode, demanding redress for the treatment of Cabral. Having known of the fate of the pilgrims' ship, the Zamorin adopted a conciliatory attitude towards the Portuguese and expressed willingness to sign a new treaty, but da Gama made a call to the Hindu king to expel all Muslims from Kozhikode before beginning negotiations, which

518-452: A hereditary fief (the town his father, Estêvão, had once held as a comenda ). This turned out to be a complicated affair, for Sines still belonged to the Order of Santiago. The master of the Order, Jorge de Lencastre , might have endorsed the reward – after all, da Gama was a Santiago knight, one of their own, and a close associate of Lencastre himself. But the fact that Sines was awarded by

592-575: A little while in mourning. He eventually took passage on an Azorean caravel and finally arrived in Lisbon on 29 August 1499 (according to Barros), or early September (8th or 18th, according to other sources). Despite his melancholic mood, da Gama was given a hero's welcome and showered with honors, including a triumphal procession and public festivities. King Manuel wrote two letters in which he described da Gama's first voyage, in July and August 1499, soon after

666-619: A member of the Fast IDentity Online (FIDO) Alliance in June 2014 and was later recognized by Gartner's Magic Quadrant for User Authentication. In 2014, the company acquired Risk IDS, Ltd., a provider of risk-based authentication solutions to the global banking community. By 2015, IDENTIKEY Risk Manager (IRM) was released as a comprehensive risk management solution to improve the methods and speed of organizations to detect fraud. In October 2015, Vasco acquired Silanis Technology,

740-536: A new order in Portuguese India, replacing all the old officials with his own appointments. But da Gama contracted malaria not long after arriving and died in the city of Cochin on Christmas Eve in 1524, three months after his arrival. As per royal instructions, da Gama was succeeded as governor of India by one of the captains who had come with him, Henrique de Menezes (no relation to Duarte). Da Gama's sons Estêvão and Paulo immediately lost their posts and joined

814-499: A quiet life, unwelcome in the royal court and sidelined from Indian affairs. His attempts to return to the favor of Manuel I, including switching over to the Order of Christ in 1507, yielded little. Almeida, the larger-than-life Afonso de Albuquerque and, later on, Albergaria and Sequeira , were the king's preferred point men for India. After Ferdinand Magellan defected to the Crown of Castile in 1518, Vasco da Gama threatened to do

SECTION 10

#1732766051260

888-571: A small squadron of caravels under the command of his uncle, Vicente Sodré, to patrol the Indian coast, to continue harassing Kozhikode shipping, and to protect the Portuguese factories at Cochin and Cannanore from the Zamorin's inevitable reprisals. Vasco da Gama arrived back in Portugal in September 1503, effectively having failed in his mission to bring the Zamorin to submission. This failure, and

962-522: A sports club also known simply as Vasco Vasco Esporte Clube , Sergipe, Brazil, a football club Vasco SC , Goa, India, a sports club Other uses [ edit ] Basque language , called vasco in Spanish Vasco da Gama, Goa , a city in India, often called simply Vasco Vasco Road , California, United States Vasco (album) , a two-part EP by Ricardo Villalobos Jane Vasco,

1036-410: A standstill. The Zamorin ventured to dispatch a fleet of strong warships to challenge da Gama's armada, but which Gama managed to defeat in a naval battle before Kozhikode harbor. Da Gama loaded up with spices at Cochin and Cannanore , small nearby kingdoms at war with the Zamorin, whose alliances had been secured by prior Portuguese fleets. The 4th armada left India in early 1503. Da Gama left behind

1110-508: A substantial hereditary royal pension of 300,000 reis . He was awarded the noble title of Dom (lord) in perpetuity for himself, his siblings and their descendants. On 30 January 1502, da Gama was awarded the title of Almirante dos mares de Arabia, Persia, India e de todo o Oriente ("Admiral of the Seas of Arabia, Persia, India and all the Orient") – an overwrought title reminiscent of

1184-530: A task that da Gama rapidly and effectively performed. From the earlier part of the 15th century, Portuguese expeditions organized by Prince Henry the Navigator had been reaching down the African coastline, principally in search of West African riches (notably, gold and slaves). They had greatly extended Portuguese maritime knowledge but had little profit to show for the effort. After Henry's death in 1460,

1258-629: A terrible state – approximately half of the crew had died during the crossing, and many of the rest were afflicted with scurvy. Not having enough crewmen left standing to manage three ships, da Gama ordered the São Rafael scuttled off the East African coast, and the crew re-distributed to the remaining two ships, the São Gabriel and the Berrio . While there he was also granted permission by

1332-512: A well-connected family of English descent. Her father and her brothers, Vicente Sodré and Brás Sodré, had links to the household of Infante Diogo, Duke of Viseu , and were prominent figures in the military Order of Christ . Vasco da Gama was the third of five sons of Estêvão da Gama and Isabel Sodré – in (probable) order of age: Paulo da Gama , João Sodré, Vasco da Gama, Pedro da Gama and Aires da Gama. Vasco also had one known sister, Teresa da Gama, who married Lopo Mendes de Vasconcelos. Little

1406-413: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Vasco da Gama D. Vasco da Gama, 1st Count of Vidigueira ( / ˌ v æ s k u d ə ˈ ɡ ɑː m ə , - ˈ ɡ æ m ə / VAS -koo də GA(H)M -ə ; European Portuguese: [ˈvaʃku ðɐ ˈɣɐmɐ] ; c.  1460s – 24 December 1524), was a Portuguese explorer and nobleman who

1480-435: Is known of da Gama's early life. Teixeira de Aragão suggests that he studied at the inland town of Évora , which is where he may have learned mathematics and navigation. Da Gama's near-contemporary Gaspar Correia and others have claimed that he studied under Abraham Zacuto , an astrologer and astronomer, but da Gama's biographer Sanjay Subrahmanyam thinks this dubious. Around 1480, da Gama followed his father (rather than

1554-408: Is not known for certain how many people were in each ship's crew but approximately 55 returned, and two ships were lost. Two of the vessels were carracks , newly built for the voyage; the others were a caravel and a supply boat. The four ships were: The expedition set sail from Lisbon on 8 July 1497. It followed the route pioneered by earlier explorers along the coast of Africa via Tenerife and

SECTION 20

#1732766051260

1628-587: The Cape Verde Islands. After reaching the coast of present-day Sierra Leone , da Gama took a course south into the open ocean, crossing the equator and seeking the South Atlantic westerlies that Bartolomeu Dias had discovered in 1487. This course proved successful and on 4 November 1497, the expedition made landfall on the African coast. For over three months the ships had sailed more than 10,000 kilometres (6,000 mi) of open ocean, by far

1702-523: The São Gabriel over to his clerk, João de Sá , to take home. The São Gabriel under Sá arrived in Lisbon sometime in late July or early August. Da Gama and his sickly brother eventually hitched a ride with a Guinea caravel returning to Portugal, but Paulo da Gama died en route. Da Gama disembarked at the Azores to bury his brother at the monastery of São Francisco in Angra do Heroismo , and lingered there for

1776-448: The 1460s as a knight of the household of Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu . He rose in the ranks of the military Order of Santiago . Estêvão da Gama was appointed alcaide-mór (civil governor) of Sines in the 1460s, a post he held until 1478; after that he continued as a receiver of taxes and holder of the Order's commendas in the region. Estêvão da Gama married Isabel Sodré, a daughter of João Sodré (also known as João de Resende), scion of

1850-516: The African charter to him. Upon becoming king in 1481, John II of Portugal set out on many long reforms. To break the monarch's dependence on the feudal nobility, John II needed to build up the royal treasury; he considered royal commerce to be the key to achieving that. Under John II's watch, the gold and slave trade in West Africa was greatly expanded. He was eager to break into the highly profitable spice trade between Europe and Asia, which

1924-542: The Indian coast, and then anchored in at Anjediva island for a spell. They finally struck out for their Indian Ocean crossing on 3 October 1498. But with the winter monsoon yet to set in, it was a harrowing journey. On the outgoing journey, sailing with the summer monsoon wind, da Gama's fleet crossed the Indian Ocean in only 23 days; now, on the return trip, sailing against the wind, it took more than 90 days. Da Gama saw land again only on 2 January 1499, passing before

1998-513: The King, who insisted that da Gama pay customs duty – preferably in gold – like any other trader, which strained the relation between the two. Annoyed by this, da Gama carried a few Nairs and sixteen fishermen ( mukkuva ) off with him by force. Vasco da Gama left Kozhikode on 29 August 1498. Eager to set sail for home, he ignored the local knowledge of monsoon wind patterns that were still blowing onshore. The fleet initially inched north along

2072-612: The Portuguese Crown showed little interest in continuing this effort and, in 1469, licensed the neglected African enterprise to a private Lisbon merchant consortium led by Fernão Gomes . Within a few years, Gomes' captains expanded Portuguese knowledge across the Gulf of Guinea , doing business in gold dust, melegueta pepper , ivory and sub-Saharan slaves . When Gomes' charter came up for renewal in 1474, Prince John (the future John II), asked his father Afonso V of Portugal to pass

2146-1404: The Portuguese Parliament Vasco Fernandes (footballer) (born 1986), Portuguese footballer Vasco Gonçalves , Portuguese army officer and Prime Minister of Portugal from 1974 to 1975 Vasco Lopes (born 1999), Portuguese footballer Vasco Oliveira (footballer, born 1922) , Portuguese deceased footballer Vasco Oliveira (footballer, born 2000) , Portuguese footballer Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira , last Portuguese governor (1991–1999) of Macau Vasco Rossi (born 1952), Italian singer-songwriter Vasco Santana (1898–1958), Portuguese actor Vasco Sousa (footballer) (born 2003), Portuguese footballer Surname [ edit ] André Vasco (born 1984), Brazilian actor and television presenter Giambattista Vasco (1733–1796), Italian economist and abbot María Vasco (born 1975), Spanish race walker Maurizio Vasco (born 1955), American television presenter Nickname or stage name [ edit ] Vassil Evtimov (born 1977), French-Bulgarian former professional basketball player and head coach nicknamed "Vasco" Bill Stax , South Korean rapper Shin Dong-yeol (born 1980), former stage name Vasco Sports clubs [ edit ] CR Vasco da Gama , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,

2220-526: The Sodrés) and joined the Order of Santiago. The master of Santiago was Prince John, who ascended to the throne in 1481 as King John II of Portugal . John II doted on the Order, and the da Gamas' prospects rose accordingly. In 1492, John II dispatched da Gama on a mission to the port of Setúbal and to the Algarve to seize French ships in retaliation for peacetime depredations against Portuguese shipping –

2294-624: The Sultan to set up a padrão (a stone pillar). The Vasco da Gama Pillar , as it is still known locally, seems to be the only one of the many padrões set up by da Gama to survive to the present day. After leaving Malindi, the sailing was smoother. By early March, the fleet had arrived in Mossel Bay, and crossed the Cape of Good Hope in the opposite direction on 20 March, reaching the western coast of Africa by 25 April. The diary record of

Vasco - Misplaced Pages Continue

2368-435: The Zamorin failed to produce any concrete results. When local authorities asked da Gama's fleet, "What brought you hither?", they replied that they had come "in search of Christians and spices." The presents that da Gama sent to the Zamorin as gifts from Dom Manuel – four cloaks of scarlet cloth, six hats, four branches of corals, twelve almasares , a box with seven brass vessels, a chest of sugar, two barrels of oil and

2442-401: The Zamorin's chamber during his much celebrated first visit to Kozhikodein May 1498) for talks. Da Gama called him a spy, ordered the priest's lips and ears to be cut off and after sewing a pair of dog's ears to his head, sent him away. The Portuguese fleet then bombarded the unfortified city for nearly two days from the sea, severely damaging it. He also captured several rice vessels and cut off

2516-596: The coastal Somali city of Mogadishu , then under the influence of the Ajuran Empire in the Horn of Africa . The fleet did not make a stop, but passing before Mogadishu, the anonymous diarist of the expedition noted that it was a large city with houses of four or five storeys high and big palaces in its center and many mosques with cylindrical minarets. Da Gama's fleet finally arrived in Malindi on 7 January 1499, in

2590-502: The commitment to appoint all his sons successively as Portuguese captains of Malacca . Setting out in April 1524, with a fleet of fourteen ships, Vasco da Gama took as his flagship the famous large carrack Santa Catarina do Monte Sinai on her last journey to India, along with two of his sons, Estêvão and Paulo. After a troubled journey in which four or five of the ships were lost en route, he arrived in India in September. Early on

2664-463: The company acquired ThumbScan, which claimed to have the first fingerprint reader device for a computer. In 1993, the company was renamed Vasco Data Security International and expanded its offerings to include data security. Vasco was incorporated in 1997 and held its initial public offering in January 2000. Vasco started developing its Digipass technology in the early 2000s. The company marketed

2738-465: The crew's hands, ears and noses, dispatching them with a note to the Zamorin, in which Gama declared that he would be open to friendly relations once the Zamorin had paid for the items plundered from the feitoria as well as the gunpowder and cannonballs. The violent treatment meted out by da Gama quickly brought trade along the Malabar Coast of India, upon which Calicut (Kozhikode) depended, to

2812-580: The details of the spice markets and trade routes. The breakthrough came soon after, when John II's captain Bartolomeu Dias returned from rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, having explored as far as the Fish River ( Rio do Infante ) in modern-day South Africa and having verified that the unknown coast stretched away to the northeast. An explorer was needed who could prove the link between

2886-509: The dominant concern of Duarte de Menezes , then- governor of Portuguese India . Menezes also turned out to be incompetent and corrupt, subject to numerous complaints. As a result, John III decided to appoint Vasco da Gama himself to replace Menezes, confident that the magic of his name and memory of his deeds might better impress his authority on Portuguese India, and manage the transition to a new government and new strategy. By his appointment letter of February 1524, John III granted Vasco da Gama

2960-472: The east coast of Africa, the Contra Costa , was essential to Portuguese interests; its ports provided fresh water, provisions, timber, and harbors for repairs, and served as a refuge where ships could wait out unfavorable weather. One significant result was the colonization of Mozambique by the Portuguese Crown. In December 1499, King Manuel I of Portugal rewarded Vasco da Gama with the town of Sines as

3034-650: The expedition ends abruptly here. Reconstructing from other sources, it seems they continued to Cape Verde, where Nicolau Coelho's Berrio separated from Vasco da Gama's São Gabriel and sailed on by itself. The Berrio arrived in Lisbon on 10 July 1499 and Nicolau Coelho personally delivered the news to King Manuel I and the royal court, then assembled in Sintra . In the meantime, back in Cape Verde, da Gama's brother, Paulo da Gama, had fallen grievously ill. Da Gama elected to stay by his side on Santiago island and handed

Vasco - Misplaced Pages Continue

3108-540: The few seaports on the Alentejo coast in southwest Portugal. According to the Portuguese historian Teixeira de Aragão , he was born in a house near the church of Nossa Senhora das Salas. Some authors write that he was born in or around 1460, while others give 1469 as the year of his birth. Vasco da Gama's paternal grandfather and namesake was born in Olivença . Vasco's father was Estêvão da Gama , who had served in

3182-525: The findings of Dias and those of da Covilhã and de Paiva and connect these separate segments into a potentially lucrative trade route across the Indian Ocean. On 8 July 1497 Vasco da Gama led a fleet of four ships with a crew of 170 men from Lisbon. The distance traveled in the journey around Africa to India and back was greater than the length of the equator. The navigators included Portugal's most experienced, Pero de Alenquer , Pedro Escobar , João de Coimbra  [ pt ] , and Afonso Gonçalves. It

3256-423: The king provoked Lencastre to refuse out of principle, lest it encourage the king to make other donations of the Order's properties. Da Gama would spend the next few years attempting to take hold of Sines, an effort that would estrange him from Lencastre and eventually prompt da Gama to abandon his beloved Order of Santiago, switching over to the rival Order of Christ in 1507. In the meantime, da Gama made do with

3330-547: The lead character in the Painkiller Jane TV series × Vascostylis or Vasco, an orchid genus Vasco Data Security International, a corporate security firm now known as OneSpan Vietnam Air Services Company , a regional airline in southern Vietnam, a subsidiary of Vietnam Airlines See also [ edit ] Vasco da Gama (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

3404-407: The local populace became suspicious of da Gama and his men. Forced by a hostile crowd to flee Mozambique, da Gama departed the harbor, firing his cannons into the city in retaliation. In the vicinity of modern Kenya, the expedition resorted to piracy, looting Arab merchant ships that were generally unarmed trading vessels without heavy cannons. The Portuguese became the first known Europeans to visit

3478-506: The longest journey without landfall made by that time. By 16 December, the fleet had passed the Great Fish River ( Eastern Cape , South Africa) – where Dias had anchored – and sailed into waters previously unknown to Europeans. With Christmas pending, da Gama and his crew gave the coast they were passing the name Natal , which carried the connotation of "birth of Christ" in Portuguese. Vasco da Gama spent 2 to 29 March 1498 in

3552-661: The longest ocean voyage ever made until then. After decades of sailors trying to reach the Indies, with thousands of lives and dozens of vessels lost in shipwrecks and attacks, da Gama landed at Kozhikode on 20 May 1498. Unopposed access to the Indian spice routes boosted the economy of the Portuguese Empire , which was previously based along North and coastal West Africa . The main spices at first obtained from Southeast Asia were pepper and cinnamon, but soon included other products, all new to Europe. Portugal maintained

3626-509: The main fleet. On the outgoing voyage, da Gama's fleet opened contact with the East African gold trading port of Sofala and reduced the sultanate of Kilwa to tribute, extracting a substantial sum of gold. On reaching India in October 1502, da Gama's fleet intercepted Mirim , a ship of Muslim pilgrims at Madayi travelling from Kozhikode to Mecca. Described in detail by eyewitness Thomé Lopes and chronicler Gaspar Correia, da Gama looted

3700-520: The morning of September 8, as the ships laid becalmed near Dabul the sea began to boil and the vessels pitched and rocked violently for about an hour as the result of a submarine earthquake . The Portuguese crews were frightened, and one death occurred as a sailor jumped overboard in panic and drowned. Gama capitalized on the situation and so as to reassure his men cried out: Friends, rejoice and be happy, for even sea trembles before us! Vasco da Gama immediately invoked his high viceregal powers to impose

3774-548: The old Albuquerque clique (now represented by Diogo Lopes de Sequeira ), John III looked for a fresh start. Vasco da Gama re-emerged from his political wilderness as an important adviser to the new king's appointments and strategy. Seeing the new Spanish threat to the Maluku Islands as the priority, Vasco da Gama advised against the obsession with Arabia that had pervaded much of the Manueline period, and continued to be

SECTION 50

#1732766051260

3848-399: The ornate Castilian title borne by Christopher Columbus . Another royal letter, dated October 1501, gave da Gama the personal right to intervene and exercise a determining role on any future India-bound fleet. Around 1501, Vasco da Gama married Catarina de Ataíde, daughter of Álvaro de Ataíde, the alcaide-mór of Alvor ( Algarve ), and a prominent nobleman connected by kinship with

3922-424: The port of Mombasa from 7 to 13 April 1498, but were met with hostility and soon departed. Vasco da Gama continued north, arriving on 14 April 1498 at the friendlier port of Malindi , whose leaders were in conflict with those of Mombasa. There, da Gama and his crew contracted the services of a pilot who used his knowledge of the monsoon winds to guide the expedition the rest of the way to Kozhikode , located on

3996-481: The powerful Almeida family (Catarina was a first cousin of Dom Francisco de Almeida ). The follow-up expedition, the Second India Armada , launched in 1500 under the command of Pedro Álvares Cabral with the mission of making a treaty with the Zamorin of Kozhikodeand setting up a Portuguese factory in the city. However, Pedro Cabral entered into a conflict with the local Arab merchant guilds, with

4070-497: The privileged title of " Viceroy ", being only the second Portuguese governor to enjoy that title (the first was Francisco de Almeida in 1505). His second son, Estêvão da Gama was simultaneously appointed Capitão-mor do Mar da Índia ('Captain-major of the Indian Sea', commander of the Indian Ocean naval patrol fleet), to replace Duarte's brother, Luís de Menezes. As a final condition, Gama secured from John III of Portugal

4144-415: The remaining two ships demonstrated the potential of great profit for future trade. Vasco da Gama was justly celebrated for opening a direct sea route to Asia. His path would be followed up thereafter by yearly Portuguese India Armadas . The spice trade would prove to be a major asset to the Portuguese royal treasury, and other consequences soon followed. For example, da Gama's voyage had made it clear that

4218-603: The result that the Portuguese factory was overrun in a riot and up to 70 Portuguese were killed. Cabral blamed the Zamorin for the incident and bombarded the city. Thus war broke out between Portugal and Kozhikode. Vasco da Gama invoked his royal letter to take command of the Fourth India Armada , scheduled to set out in 1502, with the explicit aim of taking revenge upon the Zamorin and force him to submit to Portuguese terms. The heavily armed fleet of fifteen ships and eight hundred men left Lisbon on 12 February 1502. It

4292-408: The return of the ships. Girolamo Sernigi also wrote three letters describing da Gama's first voyage soon after the return of the expedition. The expedition had exacted a large cost – two ships and over half the men had been lost. It had also failed in its principal mission of securing a commercial treaty with Kozhikode. Nonetheless, the small quantities of spices and other trade goods brought back on

4366-482: The returning fleet of early 1525 (along with the dismissed Duarte de Menezes and Luís de Menezes). OneSpan It was founded by T. Kendall Hunt in 1991 and held its initial public offering (IPO) in January 2000. OneSpan is a member of the FIDO Alliance Board . In 1984, T. Kendall Hunt founded Vasco as a consulting and software services company for corporate and governmental agencies. In 1991,

4440-475: The same, prompting the king to undertake steps to retain him in Portugal and avoid the embarrassment of losing his own "Admiral of the Indies" to Spain. In 1519, after years of ignoring his petitions, King Manuel I finally hurried to give Vasco da Gama a feudal title, appointing him the first Count of Vidigueira , a title created by a royal decree issued in Évora on 29 December, after a complicated agreement with Dom Jaime, Duke of Braganza , who ceded him on payment

4514-581: The ship with over 400 pilgrims on board including 50 women, locked in the passengers, the owner and an ambassador from Egypt and burned them to death. They offered their wealth, which "could ransom all the Christian slaves in the Kingdom of Fez and much more" but were not spared. Da Gama looked on through the porthole and saw the women bringing up their gold and jewels and holding up their babies to beg for mercy. The lives of twenty children were spared against

SECTION 60

#1732766051260

4588-594: The southwest coast of India. Sources differ over the identity of the pilot, calling him variously a Christian, a Muslim, or a Gujarati Hindu. One traditional story describes the pilot as the famous Arab navigator Ibn Majid , but other contemporaneous accounts place Majid elsewhere, and he could not have been near the vicinity at the time. None of the Portuguese historians of the time mentions Ibn Majid. Vasco da Gama left Malindi for India on 24 April 1498. The fleet arrived in Kappadu near Kozhikode (known as Kozhikode at

4662-455: The subsequent more galling failure of his uncle Vicente Sodré to protect the Portuguese factory in Cochin, probably counted against any further rewards. When the Portuguese king Manuel I decided to appoint the first governor and viceroy of Portuguese India in 1505, da Gama was conspicuously overlooked, and the post given to Francisco de Almeida. For the next two decades, Vasco da Gama lived out

4736-650: The technology internationally in Belgium . In 2009, Vasco announced that Digipass two-factor authentication was available in the App Store for iPhone and iPod Touch . Forbes recognized Vasco on its list of "America's Fastest-Growing Tech Companies" that year. In 2006, Vasco acquired LOGiCO Smart Card Solutions, a privately-owned company located in Austria offering smart card –based authentication and PKI solutions. In January 2011, Vasco acquired DigiNotar ,

4810-510: The time, subsequently known as Calicut and now renamed Kozhikode) on the Malabar Coast (present-day Kerala state of India) on 20 May 1498. The Zamorin of Kozhikode, who was at that time staying in his second capital at Ponnani , returned to the city on hearing the news of the foreign fleet's arrival. The navigator was received with traditional hospitality, including a grand procession of at least 3,000 armed Nairs , but an interview with

4884-491: The title Vasco . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vasco&oldid=1227633362 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Portuguese masculine given names Masculine given names Hidden categories: Short description

4958-408: The towns of Vidigueira and Vila dos Frades. The decree granted Vasco da Gama and his heirs all the revenues and privileges related, thus promoting da Gama from a petty noble to one of the relatively few titled nobles in Portugal. After the death of King Manuel I in late 1521, his son and successor, King John III of Portugal set about reviewing the Portuguese government overseas. Turning away from

5032-411: The vicinity of Mozambique Island . Arab-controlled territory on the East African coast was an integral part of the network of trade in the Indian Ocean. Fearing the local population would be hostile to Christians, da Gama impersonated a Muslim and gained audience with the Sultan of Mozambique. With the paltry trade goods he had to offer, the explorer was unable to provide a suitable gift to the ruler. Soon

5106-401: The way for an age of global imperialism and enabled the Portuguese to establish a long-lasting colonial empire along the way from Africa to Asia. Traveling the ocean route allowed the Portuguese to avoid sailing across the highly disputed Mediterranean Sea and traversing the dangerous Arabian Peninsula . The sum of the distances covered in the outward and return voyages made this expedition

5180-404: Was appointed Governor of India , with the title of Viceroy , and was ennobled as Count of Vidigueira in 1519. He remains a leading figure in the history of exploration, and homages worldwide have celebrated his explorations and accomplishments. The Portuguese national epic poem, Os Lusíadas , was written in his honour by Luís de Camões . Vasco da Gama was born in the town of Sines , one of

5254-677: Was conducted chiefly by land. At the time, this was virtually monopolized by the Republic of Venice , which operated overland routes via Levantine and Egyptian ports, through the Red Sea across to the spice markets of India. John II set a new objective for his captains: to find a sea route to Asia by sailing around the African continent. By the time Vasco da Gama was in his 20s, the king's plans were coming to fruition. In 1487, John II dispatched two spies, Pero da Covilhã and Afonso de Paiva , overland via Egypt to East Africa and India, to scout

5328-511: Was followed in April by another squadron of five ships led by his cousin, Estêvão da Gama (the son of Aires da Gama), which caught up to them in the Indian Ocean. The Fourth Armada was a veritable da Gama family affair. Two of his maternal uncles, Vicente Sodré and Brás Sodré, were pre-designated to command an Indian Ocean naval patrol, while brothers-in-law Álvaro de Ataíde (brother of Vasco's wife Catarina) and Lopo Mendes de Vasconcelos (betrothed to Teresa da Gama, Vasco's sister) captained ships in

5402-522: Was the first European to reach India by sea. His initial voyage to India by way of Cape of Good Hope (1497–1499) was the first to link Europe and Asia by an ocean route, connecting the Atlantic and the Indian oceans. This was a milestone in Portuguese maritime exploration as and marked the beginning of a sea-based phase of globalization . Da Gama's discovery of the sea route to India opened

5476-574: Was turned down. At the same time however, the Zamorin sent a message to his rebellious vassal, the Raja of Cochin, urging cooperation and obedience to counter the Portuguese threat; the ruler of Cochin forwarded this message to Gama, which reinforced his opinion of the Indians as duplicitous. After da Gama's demand for the expulsion of Muslims from Kozhikode, the Zamorin sent the high priest Talappana Namboothiri (the very same person who conducted da Gama to

#259740