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28-636: Mother M. Frances Streitel founded a community in 1883 that, by 1885, had come to be known as the Sisters of the Sorrowful Mother . A few years later, Mother Streitel began sending Sisters to America. In 1889, the Sisters learned of a dilapidated 12-bed, three-story house named St. Francis Hospital in Wichita , Kansas. The Sisters soon took over operations and the hospital became profitable. In 1893,

56-456: A blurring of the previously clear distinction between "orders" and "congregations", since institutes that were founded as "congregations" began to have some members who had all three solemn vows or had members that took a solemn vow of poverty and simple vows of chastity and obedience. The 1983 Code of Canon Law maintains the distinction between solemn and simple vows, but no longer makes any distinction between their juridical effects, including

84-464: A new way of living their religious life. Only at the very end of the 19th century were they officially reckoned as religious , when Pope Leo XIII recognized as religious all men and women who took simple vows in such congregations. The 1917 Code of Canon Law reserved the name "religious order " for institutes in which the vows were solemn, and used the term "religious congregation " or simply "congregation" for those with simple vows. The members of

112-415: A religious order for men were called "regulars", those belonging to a religious congregation were simply "religious", a term that applied also to regulars. For women, those with simple vows were simply "sisters", with the term " nun " reserved in canon law for those who belonged to an institute of solemn vows, even if in some localities they were allowed to take simple vows instead. However, it abolished

140-721: Is in Rome. The motherhouse of the Saint Clare of Assisi provicialate is in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Religious congregation Jus novum ( c.  1140 -1563) Jus novissimum ( c.  1563 -1918) Jus codicis (1918-present) Other Sacraments Sacramentals Sacred places Sacred times Supra-diocesan/eparchal structures Particular churches Juridic persons Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law Clerics Office Juridic and physical persons Associations of

168-617: The Bethlehem Brothers in 1673. By the constitution Inter cetera of 20 January 1521, Pope Leo X appointed a rule for tertiaries with simple vows. Under this rule, enclosure was optional, enabling non-enclosed followers of the rule to engage in various works of charity not allowed to enclosed religious. In 1566 and 1568, Pope Pius V rejected this class of institute, but they continued to exist and even increased in number. After at first being merely tolerated, they afterwards obtained approval. Their lives were oriented not to

196-654: The Church of Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici , the German national church of Rome. In 1890 Streitel arrived in the United States at the request of Bishop of Wichita , John Joseph Hennessy , that the congregation take over St. Francis hospital which was faltering. From there they expanded to Wisconsin , where they founded Mercy Medical Center (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) , and many other Hospitals in

224-643: The Cross Jordan , founder of what was to become the Society of the Divine Savior, commonly known as the Salvatorians , as the female branch of the society. Jordan invited a young woman, Amalia Streitel (1844-1911), who had already been a sister of a Franciscan congregation, to move to Rome to lead this effort. She left Germany for Italy, where she made her vows, received the religious habit of

252-460: The Holy See". After publication of the 1917 Code, many institutes with simple vows appealed to the Holy See for permission to make solemn vows. The Apostolic Constitution Sponsa Christi of 21 November 1950 made access to that permission easier for nuns (in the strict sense), though not for religious institutes dedicated to apostolic activity. Many of these institutes of women then petitioned for

280-594: The Memorial Hospital Association had 50-50 ownership of the hospital since 1996. Ascension Via Christi Health is led by Jeff Korsmo, CEO. He was named president and CEO on June 27, 2011 and took reins of the organization that September. Ascension Via Christi Health fully/partially owns or manages 12 hospitals and 15 senior villages and nursing homes throughout Kansas, where it employs more than 10,000 people, including 300 doctors and 117 mid-level providers. In March 2012, Ascension Via Christi Health

308-642: The Salvatorians. The 36 women who formed the community then went under the authority of the Diocese of Rome and were given the name by which they are now known. The congregation took the Rule of the Third Order Regular of St. Francis at that time, combining a life of service with that of contemplation . To support themselves, the sisters provided home nursing care and worked in the sacristy of

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336-523: The Sisters had become responsible for Wichita Hospital, which had been founded by the Ladies' Benevolent Society in the 1800s near Douglas and Seneca in Wichita. In 1941, construction began on St. Joseph Hospital near Harry and Clifton in Wichita, which was seen as an expansion of Wichita Hospital. A tornado destroyed Wichita Hospital's east wing in 1953, which caused the hospital to close temporarily. Although

364-465: The Sisters purchased a new building and began expanding the services of St. Francis Hospital. In 1947, the Chapel of the Sorrowful Mother was opened on the hospital grounds. The hospital has expanded several times and now surrounds the chapel. St. Francis Hospital was renamed St. Francis Regional Medical Center in 1982. In 2009, the hospital's name was changed to Via Christi Hospital on St. Francis. Today,

392-809: The US and Caribbean. A health resort was later opened in Denville, New Jersey , and a mission was opened in Oklahoma . Final approval of the congregation was received on 6 March 1911 by Pope Pius X , the same day that Streitel died in Castel Sant'Elia, Italy. At present the sisters of the Sorrowful Mother serve in Italy, Austria, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, Germany, the United States, Grenada, St. Lucia, Tanzania and Trinidad and Tobago. The Generalate

420-524: The ancient monastic way of life, but more to social service and to evangelization , both in Europe and in mission areas. Their number increased further in the upheavals brought by the French Revolution and subsequent Napoleonic invasions of other Catholic countries, depriving thousands of monks and nuns of the income that their communities held because of inheritances and forcing them to find

448-594: The congregation came to the United States in 1836. Focused on education, the Sisters of St. Joseph of Wichita opened a school in Newton, Kansas in 1883. In 1903, they transitioned into health care and opened Mt. Carmel Hospital in Pittsburg, Kansas . The hospital expanded in 1908 and again in 1916. In 1921, the Sisters assumed ownership of Ponca City Hospital, a 14-bed hospital in Ponca City , Oklahoma . By 1925,

476-453: The distinction according to which solemn vows, unlike simple vows, were indissoluble. It recognized no totally indispensable religious vows and thereby abrogated spiritually, though not altogether juridically, Latin-Rite religious orders. Solemn vows were originally considered indissoluble. Not even the Pope could dispense from them. If for a just cause a solemnly professed religious was expelled,

504-512: The distinction between orders and congregations. It uses the single term religious institute to designate all such institutes of consecrated life alike. The word congregation ( Latin : congregation ) is instead used to refer to congregations of the Roman Curia or monastic congregations. The Annuario Pontificio lists for both men and women the institutes of consecrated life and the like that are of pontifical right, namely those that

532-542: The faithful Pars dynamica (trial procedure) Canonization Election of the Roman Pontiff Academic degrees Journals and Professional Societies Faculties of canon law Canonists Institute of consecrated life Society of apostolic life A religious congregation is a type of religious institute in the Catholic Church . They are legally distinguished from religious orders –

560-478: The hospital is known as Ascension Via Christi St. Francis . The Sisters of the Sorrowful Mother have continued their growth in the health care and education ministries in the United States as well as internationally. The first congregation of the Sisters of St. Joseph was formed by six women under the direction of a Jesuit priest, Jean Pierre Medaille, in Le Puy-en-Velay , France, in 1650. Sisters from

588-453: The hospital was repaired and remodeled after the disaster, it was closed permanently in 1961. The hospital's patients were cared for at St. Joseph Hospital. The Sisters expanded St. Joseph Hospital with the completion of a seven-story medical tower in 1976. St. Joseph Hospital also was renamed to St. Joseph Medical Center. In 2009, due to its location on East Harry Street, its name was changed to Via Christi Hospital on Harry. In 2013, to reflect

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616-689: The hospital's heritage, it was changed to Via Christi Hospital St. Joseph. The Sisters of St. Joseph of Wichita joined six other congregations to form the Congregation of St. Joseph in 2007. The Congregation exercises its health care ministries through Ascension Health . According to the Via Christi Health website, "The Wichita-based Sisters maintain a motherhouse in Wichita and continue their ministries at Via Christi's hospitals as well as other ministries to serve low-income individuals and those escaping domestic violence." On October 1, 1995,

644-469: The new congregation and the religious name Maria Franziska of the Cross on 16 February 1883. She arrived to find that the housing Jordan had procured for her was an apartment lacking furniture and cooking utensils. As she was joined by other women, the sisters took in orphans of the city, caring for them in their own rooms. Differences in vision arose between the two and in 1885, the sisters separated from

672-461: The other major type of religious institute – in that members take simple vows , whereas members of religious orders take solemn vows . Until the 16th century, the vows taken in any of the religious orders approved by the Apostolic See were classified as solemn. This was declared by Pope Boniface VIII (1235–1303). According to this criterion, the last religious order founded was that of

700-552: The solemn vow of poverty alone. Towards the end of the Second Vatican Council, superiors general of clerical institutes and abbots president of monastic congregations were authorized to permit, for a just cause, their subjects of simple vows who made a reasonable request to renounce their property except for what would be required for their sustenance if they were to depart, thus assimilating their position to that of religious with solemn vows. These changes resulted in

728-846: The sponsoring ministries of St. Francis Regional Medical Center and St. Joseph Medical Center, the Sisters of the Sorrowful Mother and the Sisters St. Joseph, came together to form Via Christi Health System. Via Christi Health announced in November 2011 a plan to acquire Wichita Clinic, an independent physicians group. The deal closed in December 2010, with the Wichita Clinic to be renamed Via Christi Clinic. On February 28, 2014, Via Christi Health became full owner of Mercy Regional Health Center in Manhattan, Kansas . Via Christi Health and

756-408: The vow of chastity remained unchanged and so rendered invalid any attempt at marriage, the vow of obedience obliged in relation, generally, to the bishop rather than to the religious superior, and the vow of poverty was modified to meet the new situation, but the expelled religious "could not, for example, will any goods to another; and goods which came to him reverted at his death to his institute or to

784-537: Was awarded HealthGrades America's 100 Best Hospitals Award. Official website Sisters of the Sorrowful Mother The Sisters of the Sorrowful Mother are a Catholic congregation of Franciscan religious sisters founded in Rome , Italy, in 1883, who serve worldwide, particularly in the field of healthcare. The congregation was founded at the initiative of Father Francis Mary of

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