Fashion design is the art of applying design , aesthetics , clothing construction and natural beauty to clothing and its accessories . It is influenced by culture and different trends and has varied over time and place. "A fashion designer creates clothing, including dresses, suits, pants, and skirts, and accessories like shoes and handbags, for consumers. He or she can specialize in clothing, accessory, or jewelry design, or may work in more than one of these areas."
110-487: Virgil Abloh ( / ˈ æ b l oʊ / ; September 30, 1980 – November 28, 2021) was an American fashion designer and entrepreneur. A trained architect, Abloh founded his own line of luxury streetwear clothing under the moniker Pyrex Vision in 2012, which he transformed into the Milan based fashion label Off-White in 2013. Abloh was appointed artistic director of Louis Vuitton 's menswear collection beginning in 2018, and
220-526: A promotional single titled "Perfect is the Word". It was the first song Cudi and Dot da Genius worked on for the album. During a Ustream broadcast, they unveiled a song titled "Rocket" and announced it as the second single. Kid Cudi and Dot da Genius also recorded an original song for the 2011 film, Fright Night . The song, titled " No One Believes Me ", was first announced June 7, 2011, through Cudi's official tumblr , when he announced he would be shooting
330-522: A revival in interest in traditional Han clothing has led to interest in haute couture clothing with historical Chinese details, particularly around Chinese New Year . Fashion in the Soviet Union largely followed general trends of the Western world. However, the state's socialist ideology consistently moderated and influenced these trends. In addition, shortages of consumer goods meant that
440-459: A tour for the eponymously titled album, WZRD , beginning in Europe. On January 12, Dot da Genius took to Twitter to announce that he and Cudi decided to push WZRD back to a February 28, release date: "Hey guys, WZRD update. Me and Cudi have been working on our debut album and it's almost near completion. We are in the final stages of mastering but we really had to take time and pay attention to
550-571: A "Door Stop Interruption" on a chair by adding a doorstop on one of the chair legs to make it elevated. One of Abloh's most popular items is the Frakta Bag. It is beige with the text "SCULPTURE" imprinted on the side. In March 2019 Abloh teamed up with SSENSE to release a workout collection. This collection contained a variety of workout clothes ranging from; matching leggings and sports bras, athletic sweaters, and crop tops . The collection incorporated some of Abloh's signature designs by including
660-638: A 60% stake in Off-White, with founder Abloh, then the creative director of menswear for Louis Vuitton , retaining the remaining 40%. At the same time, Abloh was given greater creative control across the LVMH brand. Abloh worked frequently with Japanese artist Takashi Murakami . Abloh was given a solo art show in Murakami's Kaikai Kiki art gallery in Tokyo, Japan . Pieces of their artwork were showcased together at
770-441: A French luxury fashion house when he joined LVMH in 2018, Abloh was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world that year. Abloh's design aesthetic which bridged streetwear and luxury clothing was described as transformative by The New York Times . According to The Wall Street Journal , he reached a level of global fame unusual for a designer, and as an inspirational figure, according to
880-470: A cohesive design. When a designer is completely satisfied with the fit of the toile (or muslin), they will consult a professional pattern maker who will then create the finished, working version of the pattern out of cardboard or using a computer program. Finally, a sample garment is made up and tested on a model to make sure it is an operational outfit. Fashion design is expressive, the designers create art that may be functional or non-functional. Technology
990-425: A design for a Chicago skyscraper, which curved in the direction of Lake Michigan . While studying architecture, he also designed T-shirts and wrote on fashion and design for a blog , The Brilliance . Abloh first met musician Kanye West while working on his designs at a Chicago print shop. After getting his architecture degree Abloh interned at Fendi in the same class as rapper Kanye West in 2009. Placed in
1100-416: A garment by creating visual interest for consumers. Fashion designers work in various ways, some start with a vision in their head and later move into drawing it on paper or on a computer, while others go directly into draping fabric onto a dress form, also known as a mannequin. The design process is unique to the designer and it is rather intriguing to see the various steps that go into the process. Designing
1210-433: A garment starts with patternmaking . The process begins with creating a sloper or base pattern. The sloper will fit the size of the model a designer is working with or a base can be made by utilizing standard size charting. Three major manipulations within patternmaking include dart manipulation, contouring, and added fullness. Dart manipulation allows for a dart to be moved on a garment in various places but does not change
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#17327796918591320-515: A lack of cultural diversity at his head office . In 2019, LVMH recorded a 20% growth in sales that were in part attributed to his appointment. However, in December 2019 Abloh predicted that streetwear would die in 2020 as people moved to vintage clothing . On the March 2020 launch of his collaboration with Japanese streetwear designer Nigo , Abloh retracted his earlier comments clarifying that he
1430-496: A large percentage of luxury designers and brands. Fashion today is a global industry, and most major countries have a fashion industry. Seven countries have established an international reputation in fashion: the United States , France , Italy , United Kingdom , Japan , Germany and Belgium . The "big four" fashion capitals of the fashion industry are New York City , Paris , Milan , and London . The United States
1540-581: A legitimate guitar riff. He never played a guitar a day in his life, but had an ill riff that we could make a song with." Kid Cudi first unveiled the project in January 2011, after returning to Twitter and announcing a new album he was hoping to have out by the summer: "pushing for a summer release of the wizard album... wizard is a rock album, no raps, just singing. brand new thing... workin on some Jay and 'Ye shit... new mixtape A Man Named Scott thats this summah for all those who fucks with my raps, this
1650-435: A lot of people to focus on ourselves. . . I’m not interested in (the latter). I’m interested in using my platform as one of a very small group of African-American males to design a house, to sort of show people in a poetic way. -- Virgil Abloh (2018) Abloh was featured in conversation with his friend and frequent collaborator Takashi Murakami on the cover of the fall 2018 issue of Cultured magazine . In 2019, Abloh
1760-504: A more casual style, reflecting the athletic , health-conscious lifestyles of the suburban and urban middle classes. The annual Met Gala ceremony in Manhattan is widely regarded as the world's most prestigious haute couture fashion event and is a venue where fashion designers and their creations are celebrated. Social media is also a place where fashion is presented most often. Some influencers are paid huge amounts of money to promote
1870-414: A new monthly two-hour internet radio show on Worldwide FM , "Imaginary Radio" c/o Virgil Abloh . The show featured DJ sets and interviews with musicians and other creatives; early guests included artists like electronic artist Omar-S and Alex Sowinski of BadBadNotGood . He previously had a show on Apple Music 1 called "TELEVISED RADIO". Five episodes were released between 2018 and 2020. In 2021,
1980-498: A new song titled "Going to the Ceremony", via his SoundCloud account. The song was released with the tag, "produced by WZRD", which confirms the guitars and drums in this track are most likely played by Cudi and Dot. Cudi later revealed the track is for his EP Satellite Flight: The Journey to Mother Moon , which would feature more production from WZRD. On September 4, 2013, King Chip released his 44108 mixtape, which included
2090-688: A number of parties, including Ben Kelly , who popularized this graphic in the early 1980s. Fashion blog Diet Prada has compared several of Abloh's designs, from chairs to apparel, with existing designs. Abloh's fall/winter 2019 collection was based on his "ultimate muse", Michael Jackson . The launch occurred one week prior to the release of Leaving Neverland at the Sundance Film Festival . In response, Louis Vuitton announced they would not produce any items that directly featured Michael Jackson elements. Abloh also received criticism in early 2019 when images of his Off-White team suggested
2200-670: A part of a design team. Freelance designers who work for themselves sell their designs to fashion houses, directly to shops, or to clothing manufacturers. There are quite a few fashion designers who choose to set up their labels, which offers them full control over their designs. Others are self-employed and design for individual clients. Other high-end fashion designers cater to specialty stores or high-end fashion department stores. These designers create original garments, as well as those that follow established fashion trends. Most fashion designers, however, work for apparel manufacturers, creating designs of men's, women's, and children's fashions for
2310-414: A period known as Fashion Week . This takes place on a citywide basis and occurs twice a year. The main seasons of Fashion Week include; spring/summer, fall/winter, resort, swim, and bridal. Half-way garments are an alternative to ready-to-wear, "off-the-peg", or prêt-à-porter fashion. Half-way garments are intentionally unfinished pieces of clothing that encourage co-design between the "primary designer" of
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#17327796918592420-1226: A product or clothing item, where the business hopes many viewers will buy the product off the back of the advertisement. Instagram is the most popular platform for advertising, but Facebook, Snapchat, Twitter and other platforms are also used. In New York, the LGBT fashion design community contributes very significantly to promulgating fashion trends, and drag celebrities have developed a profound influence upon New York Fashion Week . Prominent American brands and designers include Calvin Klein , Ralph Lauren , Coach , Nike , Vans , Marc Jacobs , Tommy Hilfiger , DKNY , Tom Ford , Caswell-Massey , Michael Kors , Levi Strauss and Co. , Estée Lauder , Revlon , Kate Spade , Alexander Wang , Vera Wang , Victoria's Secret , Tiffany and Co. , Converse , Oscar de la Renta , John Varvatos , Anna Sui , Prabal Gurung , Bill Blass , Halston , Carhartt , Brooks Brothers , Stuart Weitzman , Diane von Furstenberg , J. Crew , American Eagle Outfitters , Steve Madden , Abercrombie and Fitch , Juicy Couture , Thom Browne , Guess , Supreme , and The Timberland Company . In
2530-543: A season to make sure a style is going to catch on before producing their versions of the original look. To save money and time, they use cheaper fabrics and simpler production techniques which can easily be done by machines. The end product can, therefore, be sold much more cheaply. There is a type of design called "kutch" originated from the German word kitschig , meaning "trashy" or "not aesthetically pleasing". Kitsch can also refer to "wearing or displaying something that
2640-506: A significant movement, as it informed the large cities, such as Mexico City, of European fashions. This encouraged the founding of department stores, changing the existent pace of fashion. With access to European fashion and dress, those with high social status relied on adopting those elements to distinguish themselves from the rest. Juana Catarina Romero was a successful entrepreneur and pioneer in this movement. WZRD (band) WZRD ( / d ʌ b ə l j u - z i - ɑːr - d iː / )
2750-584: A speech on streetwear becoming "...the next global art movement”. Abloh's first solo art exhibition occurred at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago in 2019. This show featured a large scale sculpture of Kanye West's Yeezus cover art and repeated photographs of Chief Keef wearing a Supreme t-shirt designed by Abloh. After Chicago, Virgil Abloh: Figures of Speech traveled to the High Museum of Art ,
2860-486: A stigma on Chinese brands. Due to government censorship, Chinese citizens were only able to access fashion magazines in the 1990s. However, as more and more Chinese designers matriculate from the world's top fashion schools, Chinese designers such as Shushu/Tong and Rui Zhou have made their way into the world's top fashion weeks, and Shanghai has become a fashion hub in China. In the early 2020s, Gen Z shoppers pioneered
2970-704: A year in February and September. Milan Fashion week puts fashion in the spotlight and celebrates it in the heart of Milan with fashion lovers, buyers and media. Most Japanese fashion houses are in Tokyo which is home to Tokyo Fashion Week , Asia's largest fashion week. The Japanese look is loose and unstructured (often resulting from complicated cutting), colors tend to the sombre and subtle, and richly textured fabrics. Famous Japanese designers include Kenzo Takada , Issey Miyake , Yohji Yamamoto and Rei Kawakubo . Chinese clothing has historically been associated with lower quality both inside and outside China, leading to
3080-471: Is "the study and knowledge of the practical, especially industrial, use of scientific discoveries". Technology within fashion has broadened the industry and allowed for faster production processes. Over the years, there has been an increase in the use of technology within Fashion Design as it offers new platforms for creativity. Technology is constantly changing and there have been innovations within
3190-567: Is 7,820 based on employment. The lowest employment is within Apparel Knitting Mills at .46% of the industry employed, which averages to 30 workers within the specific specialty. In 2016, 23,800 people were counted as fashion designers in the United States. Geographically, the largest employment state of Fashion designers is New York with an employment of 7,930. New York is considered a hub for fashion designers due to
3300-420: Is a new means of communication for designers and allows ideas to flow. Designers are provided with a space to also create more professional and industry standard specifications such as technical flats and tech packs. Software such as Browzwear, Clo3D, and Optitex aid designers in the product development stage. Virtual reality has allowed a new way to prototype clothing to originally see designers. This eliminates
3410-698: Is an American alternative rock band and record production team composed of longtime friends and frequent collaborators Dot da Genius and Kid Cudi . Formed in New York City in 2010, Cudi originally named the band Wizard , inspired by British heavy metal band Black Sabbath 's song of the same name . However, Cudi renamed the band on two occasions, the first being in April 2011 to 2 Be Continuum , explaining: "I needed something more original, something different...". The second time occurred in November 2011, to
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3520-531: Is considered one of the premier fashion events in the country. Lakme Fashion Week in India takes place twice a year and is held in the populous city of Mumbai. The first show occurs during April featuring summer collections. The second show takes place in August to showcase the winter collection. Lakme , a cosmetic brand for Indian women, hosts the event. This fashion week started in 1999 and originally partnered with
3630-416: Is considered one of the top fashion schools in the world. There are numerous fashion magazines published in the United States and distributed to a global readership. Examples include Vogue , Harper's Bazaar , and Cosmopolitan . American fashion design is highly diverse, reflecting the enormous ethnic diversity of the population, but is largely dominated by a clean-cut, urban, hip aesthetic, and often favors
3740-438: Is for u since ima be all rocked out with the wizard shit. also its free... oh and new york catch me if u can, i start filmin " how to make it " in march." In April 2011, Cudi renamed the band from Wizard to 2 Be Continuum, explain: "I needed something more original, something different, but it's still wizardry at its finest". The second time occurred in November 2011, to the band's current namesake. On May 31, 2011, Cudi released
3850-581: Is home to the largest, wealthiest, and most multi-faceted fashion industry. Most fashion houses in the United States are based in New York City , with a high concentration centered in the Garment District neighborhood. On the US west coast, there is also to a lesser extent a significant number of fashion houses in Los Angeles , where a substantial percentage of high fashion clothing manufactured in
3960-409: Is likely to wear a garment and the situations in which it will be worn, and they work with a wide range of materials, colors, patterns , and styles. Though most clothing worn for everyday wear falls within a narrow range of conventional styles, unusual garments are usually sought for special occasions such as evening wear or party dresses . Some clothes are made specifically for an individual, as in
4070-497: Is often considered to have started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created. Before the former draper set up his maison couture (fashion house) in Paris , clothing design and creation of the garments were handled largely by anonymous seamstresses. At the time high fashion descended from what was popularly worn at royal courts. Worth's success
4180-505: Is the capital of French fashion . Traditionally, French fashion is chic and stylish, defined by its sophistication, cut, and smart accessories. French fashion is internationally acclaimed. Madrid and Barcelona are the main fashion centers in Spain. Spanish fashion is often more conservative and traditional but also more 'timeless' than other fashion cultures. Spaniards are known not to take great risks when dressing. Nonetheless, many of
4290-652: Is the centre of fashion in Germany (prominently displayed at Berlin Fashion Week ), while Düsseldorf holds Europe's largest fashion trade fairs with Igedo . Other important centres of the scene are Munich , Hamburg , and Cologne . German fashion is known for its elegant lines as well as unconventional young designs and the great variety of styles. Most of the Indian fashion houses are in Mumbai, Lakme Fashion Week
4400-529: Is therefore no longer in fashion". The median annual wages for salaried fashion designers was $ 79,290 in May 2023, approximately $ 38.12 per hour. The middle 50 percent earned an average of 76,700. The lowest 10 percent earned $ 37,090 and the highest 10 percent earned $ 160,850. The highest number of employment lies within Apparel , Piece Goods , and Notions Merchant Wholesalers with a percentage of 5.4. The average
4510-557: The 2018 US Open , a collaboration with Nike . On June 5, 2018, Abloh released a special collaboration with the luggage manufacturer Rimowa , a transparent suitcase in a limited edition. In March 2019, Abloh collaborated with IKEA to start making furniture for millennials , ranging from cabinets, rugs, coffee tables, and chairs. Abloh incorporated different elements of style, such as his quotation marks around certain words and putting it on different articles of clothing, and in this case different types of furniture. For example, Abloh created
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4620-705: The BBC . Virgil Abloh was born on September 30, 1980, in Rockford, Illinois , to Ewe parents from Ghana . His mother was a seamstress and his father managed a paint company. From his mother, he learned how to sew. Abloh was raised in Rockford, where he attended Boylan Catholic High School , graduating in 1998. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 2002 with a Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering . He received his Master of Architecture at
4730-566: The FDCI , Fashion Design Council of India then later switched to a sponsorship with Lakme. Milan is Italy's fashion capital. Most of the older Italian couturiers are in Rome . However, Milan and Florence are the Italian fashion capitals, and it is the exhibition venue for their collections. Italian fashion features casual and glamorous elegance. In Italy, Milan Fashion Week takes place twice
4840-652: The Figures of Speech Exhibition. In June 2020, Abloh designed the original cover for Pop Smoke album, Shoot for the Stars, Aim for the Moon . The original cover came under heavy criticism from fans. On July 2, a new cover, designed by Ryder Ripps , was revealed along with the album's release. Abloh also worked on album art for artists ASAP Rocky , Lil Uzi Vert 's Luv Is Rage 2 , Kanye West 's Yeezus , Kid Cudi , Travis Scott and Westside Gunn . In 2021, he launched
4950-482: The Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) in 2006. When Abloh was attending IIT, there was a building on campus under construction designed by the architect Rem Koolhaas (who had also worked on runway collections for Prada ). Koolhaas's building helped spark his interest in fashion. Abloh was further inspired by Crown Hall , designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe . Abloh's master's thesis project involved
5060-724: The Institute of Contemporary Art/Boston , and Qatar Museums , as part of the Qatar-USA 2021 Year of Culture. The exhibition was intended to offer a mid-career retrospective of Abloh's endeavors in art, design and music. The Brooklyn Museum displayed Figures of Speech from July 1, 2022 – January 29, 2023. Brooklyn's edition of the exhibition spanned the two decades of the artist’s practice, including collaborations with artist Takashi Murakami, musician Kanye West, and architect Rem Koolhaas , among others; material from his fashion label Off-White; and items from Louis Vuitton, where he served as
5170-742: The Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago and Murakami's shop Oz Zingaro in Tokyo. In 2018, Abloh and Murakami collaborated on a series of exhibitions at Gagosian Gallery 's outposts in London, Paris, and Beverly Hills . In 2019, Abloh introduced the MCA speech campaign for the CTA 's Red Line train wrap. Abloh showcased an installation and billboard commission at the Spazio Maiocchi in Milan, Italy where he gave
5280-576: The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) published "You Can Do It Too": Songs for, by, and with Virgil Abloh. Abloh noted that one of his principles is that a new design can be created by changing an original by only three percent. He described his approach as being "ironic detachment" and that Duchamp's precedent "gives him the grounds to copy and paste, to take and to re-apply". This philosophy caused Abloh to be accused of plagiarism and appropriation . The originality of Off-White's logo design with its alternating parallel diagonal lines has been contested by
5390-464: The Off-White yellow sign wrapping around the waist of the pants and bottom of the sports bras. Abloh also included a three-dimensional addition of his four-way arrows, creating a cross, on the front of the tops and pants. "I now have a platform to change the industry . . . We’re designers, so we can start a trend, we can highlight issues, we can make a lot of people focus on something or we can cause
5500-544: The Top Rock Albums and Top Alternative Albums at number one, and at No. 9 on the Canadian Albums Chart , respectively. The album was the first project released under Kid Cudi's label Wicked Awesome Records . WZRD made their U.S. national television debut performing their debut single "Teleport 2 Me, Jamie", on March 6, 2012, on the late-night talk show Conan . In February, shortly before
5610-422: The guochao ( Chinese : 国潮 ; pinyin : Guó cháo ) movement , a trend of preferring homegrown designers which incorporate aspects of Chinese history and culture. Hong Kong clothing brand Shanghai Tang 's design concept is inspired by Chinese clothing and set out to rejuvenate Chinese fashion of the 1920s and 30s, with a modern twist of the 21st century and its usage of bright colours. Additionally,
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#17327796918595720-435: The "fabric, shape and construction of a people's clothing". Textiles were created from plant fibers including cotton and agave. Class status differentiated what fabric was worn. Mexican dress was influenced by geometric shapes to create the silhouettes. Huipil a blouse characterized by a "loose, sleeveless tunic made of two or three joined webs of cloth sewn lengthwise" is an important historical garment, often seen today. After
5830-458: The 1950s, fashion clothing was predominately designed and manufactured on a made-to-measure or haute couture basis ( French for high-sewing), with each garment being created for a specific client. A couture garment is made to order for an individual customer, and is usually made from high-quality, expensive fabric, sewn with extreme attention to detail and finish, often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques. Look and fit take priority over
5940-520: The 2018 Men's Fashion Week at the Palais-Royal gardens in Paris. Rihanna was the first well known person to wear Abloh prior to this watershed show. Playboi Carti , Steve Lacy , A$ AP Nast , Dev Hynes , and Kid Cudi walked the runway for Abloh's debut Vuitton show. Abloh was in high demand thereafter for his designs, creating an original outfit designed for Serena Williams to wear throughout
6050-451: The IKEA collection by sketching out drafts of generic pieces of furniture, while adding his own aesthetics to the designs by using a doorstop to level out furniture items. Abloh worked on designs for chairs, coffee tables, beds, storage cabinets, mirrors, and carpets as part of his collaboration with IKEA. Abloh used quotation marks to convey detachment from society and social norms. During
6160-741: The Spanish Conquest, traditional Mexican clothing shifted to take a Spanish resemblance. Mexican indigenous groups rely on specific embroidery and colors to differentiate themselves from each other. Mexican Pink is a significant color to the identity of Mexican art and design and general spirit. The term "Rosa Mexicano" as described by Ramón Valdiosera was established by prominent figures such as Dolores del Río and designer Ramón Val in New York. When newspapers and magazines such as El Imparcial and El Mundo Ilustrado circulated in Mexico, became
6270-560: The United States is actually made. Miami has also emerged as a new fashion hub, especially in regards to swimwear and other beach-oriented fashion. A semi-annual event held every February and September, New York Fashion Week is the oldest of the four major fashion weeks held throughout the world. Parsons The New School for Design , located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan in New York City,
6380-597: The Year awards in 2017. Abloh's Off-White Air Jordan "the Ten" collaboration won 2017's Shoe of the Year and he received the nod for Accessory Designer of the Year. Abloh was listed as one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people in the world in 2018, one of two designers named that year. In the Time issue, Japanese artist Takashi Murakami wrote that Abloh's impressive achievements led to his listing. In December 2018, Abloh
6490-466: The album was released, Cudi announced they would follow-up with an extended play (EP). Nearly a year after the single was released, on November 19, 2012, the music video for "Teleport 2 Me, Jamie" leaked online. However Cudi was not disgruntled, stating on Twitter: "thanx for all the love on the Teleport 2 Me video y'all. It leaked but I'm glad u guys got to see it." On July 2, 2013, Cudi liberated
6600-419: The album's playback, which ran close to 50 minutes in length, Complex Magazine 's Joe La Puma hosted a Q&A for media attending the event. According to Kid Cudi, bands that inspired the album include Electric Light Orchestra , Jimi Hendrix , Nirvana , Pixies and Pink Floyd . When asked about a follow-up to WZRD , Cudi confirmed that they were already recording new music with the hopes of releasing it in
6710-511: The band's current namesake. The eponymous debut album, WZRD , was released in February 2012, peaking at number three on the US Billboard 200 chart. The album was supported by the lead singles , "Brake" and "Teleport 2 Me, Jamie". Scott " Kid Cudi " Mescudi and Oladipo " Dot da Genius " Omishore met through a mutual friend, with whom Cudi once worked at Abercrombie & Fitch . After working together for about seven months, Cudi
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#17327796918596820-529: The capital of the United Kingdom fashion industry and has a wide range of foreign designs which have integrated with modern British styles. Typical British design is smart but innovative yet recently has become more and more unconventional, fusing traditional styles with modern techniques. Vintage styles play an important role in the British fashion and styling industry. Stylists regularly 'mix and match'
6930-413: The case of haute couture or bespoke tailoring . Today, most clothing is designed for the mass market , especially casual and everyday wear, which are commonly known as ready to wear or fast fashion . There are different lines of work for designers in the fashion industry. Fashion designers who work full-time for a fashion house, as 'in-house designers', own the designs and may either work alone or as
7040-470: The coming months. "I made a new record the other day that's really phenomenal" said Cudi, as Dot added "Expect greatness". On February 23, 2012, the entirety of the album was leaked online . Following the WZRD' s release on February 28, the album debuted at No. 3 on the US Billboard 200 chart, with first-week sales of 66,000 physical and digital copies in the United States. The album also debuted on both
7150-413: The company down a year later as he did not intend it to be a commercial enterprise, but an artistic experiment. In a large part streetwear is seen as cheap. What my goal has been is to add an intellectual layer to it and make it credible —Abloh on the inspiration behind founding high-end streetwear label, Off-White . Abloh founded his first fashion house and second business overall in 2013 with
7260-571: The company's Rome, Italy office, the two began a collaborative relationship. During his work with the rapper and designer, Abloh caught the eye of the Louis Vuitton CEO , Michael Burke. Later that year, Abloh and West's artistic partner, Don C , launched a retail store, called the RSVP Gallery, located in Chicago. The store became known for carrying a mixture of fashion apparel, and for its reflection of Abloh's style on his design for
7370-686: The company's women's wear line in 2014 and showed the collections at Paris Fashion Week . His line was selected as a finalist for the LVMH Prize, an industry award, but lost to Marques'Almeida and Jacquemus . Abloh launched his first concept store for Off-White in Hong Kong in 2014. He opened his second store in Tokyo, Japan, where he started the company's furniture arm, Grey Area, followed by stores in Singapore and New York. Through Abloh's re-designing he exercised his self-made rule of only editing
7480-580: The cost of materials and the time it takes to make. Due to the high cost of each garment, haute couture makes little direct profit for the fashion houses, but is important for prestige and publicity. Ready-to-wear, or prêt-à-porter, clothes are a cross between haute couture and mass market. They are not made for individual customers, but great care is taken in the choice and cut of the fabric. Clothes are made in small quantities to guarantee exclusivity, so they are rather expensive. Ready-to-wear collections are usually presented by fashion houses each season during
7590-519: The diagnosis private. He died on November 28, 2021, at the age of 41, in Chicago. With the family's permission, LVMH paid tribute to Abloh at their planned November 30 spin-out fashion show in Miami , with a theme of "Virgil was here". Kanye West , Kim Kardashian , Rihanna , ASAP Rocky , Bella Hadid , Pharrell Williams , Tahar Rahim , Venus Williams , Joe Jonas , Ricky Martin , Jeremy Pope , 21 Savage , Joan Smalls , and Bernard Arnault attended
7700-483: The fashion brands and designers coming from Spain. The most notable luxury houses are Loewe and Balenciaga . Famous designers include Manolo Blahnik , Elio Berhanyer , Cristóbal Balenciaga , Paco Rabanne , Adolfo Domínguez , Manuel Pertegaz , Jesús del Pozo , Felipe Varela and Agatha Ruiz de la Prada . Spain is also home to large fashion brands such as Zara , Massimo Dutti , Bershka , Pull&Bear , Mango , Desigual , Pepe Jeans and Camper . Berlin
7810-441: The first Black menswear artistic director. The installation also offered a space for gathering and performances, designed to counter the historical lack of space afforded to Black artists and Black people in cultural institutions. Abloh's interest in music led him to DJing beginning in his teens. He DJ'd at house parties throughout high school and college. His influences included DJ's A-Trak , Benji B , and Gilles Peterson . Over
7920-468: The first person of African descent to lead the brand's menswear line, as well as one of the few black designers at the helm of a major French fashion house . Upon his acceptance of the position, he stated, "It is an honor for me to accept this position. I find the heritage and creative integrity of the house are key inspirations and will look to reference them both while drawing parallels to modern times". Abloh showed his first collection for Louis Vuitton at
8030-495: The garment, and what would usually be considered, the passive "consumer". This differs from ready-to-wear fashion, as the consumer is able to participate in the process of making and co-designing their clothing. During the Make{able} workshop, Hirscher and Niinimaki found that personal involvement in the garment-making process created a meaningful "narrative" for the user, which established a person-product attachment and increased
8140-537: The general public did not have ready access to pre-made fashion. Most of the Swiss fashion houses are in Zürich . The Swiss look is casual elegant and luxurious with a slight touch of quirkiness. Additionally, it has been greatly influenced by the dance club scene. In the development of Mexican indigenous dress, the fabrication was determined by the materials and resources that are available in specific regions, impacting
8250-545: The high-end streetwear brand Off-White , designing a logo inspired by Ben Kelly . Based in Milan , Italy, the company was described by Abloh as "the gray area between black and white as the color off-white " to investors and fashion critics. During the launch of his brand, he received help from the New Guards Group , who also assisted many other designers and brands, such as Palm Angels, Heron Preston , and Marcelo Burlon. Abloh said his first Off-White collection
8360-518: The images were shown to clients to gain approval, which saved time and money for the designer. If the client liked their design, the patrons commissioned the garment from the designer, and it was produced for the client in the fashion house. This designer-patron construct launched designers sketching their work rather than putting the completed designs on models. Garments produced by clothing manufacturers fall into three main categories, although these may be split up into additional, different types. Until
8470-503: The industry. 3D printing allows a larger area of personalized products and widening originality. Iris van Herpen , a Dutch designer, has showcased the incorporation of 3D printing as her Crystallization used 3D printing for the first time on a runway. The innovation has re-shaped the fashion industry and creates a new area of creativity. Apps and software have increasingly changed how designers can use technology to create. Adobe Creative Cloud , specifically Photoshop and Illustrator ,
8580-593: The late 1980s and early 1990s, Belgian fashion designers brought a new fashion image that mixed East and West, and brought a highly individualised, personal vision on fashion. Well known Belgian designers are the Antwerp Six : Ann Demeulemeester , Dries Van Noten , Dirk Bikkembergs , Dirk Van Saene , Walter Van Beirendonck and Marina Yee, as well as Martin Margiela , Raf Simons , Kris Van Assche , Bruno Pieters , Anthony Vaccarello . London has long been
8690-430: The mass market. Large designer brands that have a 'name' as their brand such as Abercrombie & Fitch , Justice , or Juicy are likely to be designed by a team of individual designers under the direction of a design director. Garment design includes components of "color, texture, space, lines, pattern, silhouette, shape, proportion, balance, emphasis, rhythm, and harmony". All of these elements come together to design
8800-432: The material of a garment. Material innovation creates a new way for fibers to be re-imagined or for new materials to be constructed. This overall aids in functional and aesthetic purposes for the designer. The material technology has been used with brands such as Werewool and Bananatex . These brands innovate the way designers can construct their garments and provide new materials to be used. Modern Western fashion design
8910-452: The middle. The collection was named Markerad , which is a Swedish word meaning "clear-cut; crisp; pronounced", and was released in 2019. Virgil envisioned that the collection would include practical furniture featuring contemporary designs. In 2017, he was asked to design a new collection in conjunction with Nike entitled "The Ten" and he re-designed a variety of the company's best-selling shoes . Abloh worked towards fulfilling his vision for
9020-457: The music video for it on June 11, with Fright Night director Craig Gillespie . The video was released on August 12, 2011, and the song itself was officially released August 23. Through his tumblr, Kid Cudi also unveiled the production credits for "No One Believes Me" and revealed that he was on guitar and accompanied Dot da Genius on drums , while Dot da Genius solely handled bass and piano . On November 10, 2011, Kid Cudi revealed that
9130-403: The need for a live model and fittings, which shortens the production process. 3D modeling within software allows for initial sampling and development stages for partnerships with suppliers before the garments are produced. Mock-ups of designs in the 3D modeling allows for problems to be solved before a final sample is made and sent to a manufacturer. Technology can also be used and aid within
9240-557: The old with the new, which gives British style a unique, bohemian aesthetic. Irish fashion (both design and styling) is also heavily influenced by fashion trends from Britain. Well-known British designers include Thomas Burberry , Alfred Dunhill , Paul Smith , Vivienne Westwood , Stella McCartney , Jimmy Choo , John Galliano , John Richmond , Alexander McQueen , Matthew Williamson , Gareth Pugh , Hussein Chalayan and Neil Barrett . Most French fashion houses are in Paris , which
9350-452: The only guest appearance on the album would be Australian indie-rock band, Empire of the Sun . On November 18, 2011, Kid Cudi renamed the band once again to WZRD (pronounced one letter at a time W-Z-R-D), and announced that the album would be released on his 28th birthday, January 30, 2012. In December 2011, Cudi revealed " The Wizard ", as performed by Black Sabbath , inspired his use of
9460-456: The overall fit of the garment. Contouring allows for areas of a garment to fit closer to areas of the torso such as the bust or shoulders. Added fullness increases the length or width of a pattern to change the frame as well as fit of the garment. The fullness can be added on one side, unequal, or equally to the pattern. A designer may choose to work with certain apps that can help connect all their ideas together and expand their thoughts to create
9570-485: The previously said date. AS WELL AS 'DOSE OF DOPENESS'. Hopefully that will hold you guys over until the album drops!" On February 13, 2012, WZRD hosted a private listening session for the album at an intimate venue in Los Angeles for a select few. Christopher Mintz-Plasse and fellow How to Make It in America co-stars Bryan Greenberg and Eddie Kaye Thomas , were also at attendance to show support. Following
9680-565: The recording session: "It was pretty much the same time that we built a studio in Cudi's crib. We did "Trapped In My Mind" and we were dwelling on it like, "This is crazy, we need to put some guitar riffs on this." So I had my homie B-rent, come through Cudi's crib with his guitar, and Cudi did the guitar riff with his mouth cause Cudi couldn't play the guitar. So Brent replayed it. Then Cudi picked up [Brent's] guitar and started fiddling around with it, and I swear to you within like five minutes, he had
9790-647: The redesign and renovations of the Boys and Girls Club facility in East Garfield Park, Chicago . Abloh spent significant amounts of his time to mentor and provide mentoring resources to young designers. Abloh received his first major award in 2011 when his work designing the cover art for American rappers Jay-Z and Kanye West 's collaborative album Watch the Throne was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Recording Package . In 2015, Abloh (for Off-White )
9900-508: The rise in neo-nationalism in 2017 Abloh worked with conceptual artist Jenny Holzer to create a line emphasizing the positive aspects of immigration , cultural integration , and globalization. In December 2017, he worked with Holzer again to design T-shirts for Planned Parenthood in response to the Women's March on Washington . On March 25, 2018, Abloh was named artistic director of Louis Vuitton 's menswear ready-to-wear line, making him
10010-515: The scholarships which will be managed by the Fashion Scholarship Fund to assist Black students. In July 2020, Abloh's brand Off-White launched a fundraising program called "I Support Young Black Businesses" that sold Hoodies and T-Shirts with “I Support Young Black Businesses” written on them. All of those proceeds went to an organization called Chicago CRED , aimed to diminish gun violence. Also that year, with Nike he finished
10120-415: The sentimental value of the final product. Otto von Busch also explores half-way garments and fashion co-design in his thesis, "Fashion-able, Hacktivism and engaged Fashion Design". Currently, the fashion industry relies more on mass-market sales. The mass market caters for a wide range of customers, producing ready-to-wear garments using trends set by the famous names in fashion. They often wait around
10230-477: The shoes 3% of the way because he was intrigued by still maintaining the original design of the shoe. By the end of 2018, an index of sales and consumer sentiment ranked Off-White as the hottest label in the world, surpassing Gucci . Virgil also partnered up with the Swedish furniture company IKEA to design furniture for apartments and houses as well as easy to carry tote bags with the word sculpture imprinted in
10340-570: The song What Happened to Virgil . Fashion design Fashion designers work in a variety of ways when designing their pieces and accessories such as rings, bracelets, necklaces and earrings. Due to the time required to put a garment out on the market, designers must anticipate changes to consumer desires . Fashion designers are responsible for creating looks for individual garments, involving shape, color, fabric, trimming, and more. Fashion designers attempt to design clothes that are functional as well as aesthetically pleasing. They consider who
10450-431: The song "Vortex", featuring Kid Cudi and Pusha T ; WZRD were credited as the song's producers. In 2015, Cudi announced that while he was recording Speedin' Bullet 2 Heaven , he also recorded sessions for a upcoming WZRD album and recorded only one song from the album, which was titled “Drug on my Brain” with rappers King Chip and Rick Ross . On April 24, 2020, Cudi revealed that he is still working on new music for
10560-457: The sonics as this is new territory for us. With that being said, we have decided to change the release date. We are looking roughly at Feb 28th. Y'all know how Cudi is' and I'm the same way. Everything has to be in place and now it is. I know it's late notice, we were trying to keep the date but got wrapped up making this album perfect for y'all. However for making you guys wait a little longer we will release 'Brake' & 'Teleport 2 Me' on iTunes on
10670-560: The store interior. A year later, West appointed Abloh the creative director of his creative agency , Donda . In 2011 West asked him to serve as the artistic director for his 2011 collaborative album with Jay-Z Watch the Throne , earning the designer a Grammy nomination. In 2012, Abloh designed the cover art for WZRD 's self-titled debut . In 2012, Abloh launched his first company, Pyrex Vision. He purchased deadstock clothing from Ralph Lauren for $ 40, screen-printed designs on them and sold them for prices upward of $ 550. He closed
10780-436: The term "Wizard". On November 20, Cudi announced via Twitter that the album would not contain any profanity , including the use of the word " nigga ". On November 21, 2011, WZRD released a song titled "Brake", as the album's first single. The next month, on December 5, 2011, Cudi released a snippet of "Teleport 2 Me, Jamie", the album's second lead single . On January 4, 2012, Cudi confirmed on Twitter that there would be
10890-571: The total. I have donated $ 20,500 to bail funds and other causes related to this movement," and continued, "I will continue to donate more and will continue to use my voice to urge my peers to do the same." Abloh also subsequently stated that the looting of businesses during the George Floyd protests was an example of why streetwear "is dead". In 2020, he established the Virgil Abloh "Post-Modern" Scholarship Fund. Abloh raised $ 1 million for
11000-688: The tribute. Louis Vuitton dedicated its window displays worldwide, also using the dedication "Virgil was here". Kanye West later led a tribute to Abloh at his Sunday Service event with the song Easy On Me by Adele on November 28, 2021. Abloh's funeral service took place on December 6, 2021, in Chicago , with Drake , Rihanna, West, Kardashian, Kid Cudi , Tyler, the Creator , ASAP Rocky, Frank Ocean , Vic Mensa , Lauryn Hill , Don C , and Jerry Lorenzo in attendance amongst his family and other close friends. In 2022, Lil Durk paid tribute to Virgil with
11110-697: The years, Abloh gained recognition as a DJ and started playing shows internationally. He played at Hi Ibiza and was also booked for the 2019 edition of the Tomorrowland festival . Abloh released his first single "Orvnge" with German DJ/producer Boys Noize in January 2018. In June 2019, Abloh was named to a DJ residency at Wynn Las Vegas 's XS Nightclub, with Wynn also agreeing to open an Off-White store. In May 2019 Pioneer , maker of DJ consoles, announced its collaboration with Abloh in design of its transparent CDJ-2000NXS2 and DJM-900NXS2 models. The consoles were displayed at Chicago's Museum of Contemporary Art in
11220-654: Was Cudi's breakout project and the first to feature their hit single " Day 'n' Nite ". Since then they have worked together on Cudi's debut album Man on the Moon: The End of Day (2009) as well as his second album, Man on the Moon II: The Legend of Mr. Rager (2010). It was not until they were recording "Trapped in My Mind" for Cudi's second album, that ideas of a rock album surfaced. In an interview with Complex magazine , Dot da Genius recounted
11330-470: Was appointed to the board of directors of The Council of Fashion Designers of America . The council seeks to promote the American fashion industry. Abloh created a custom Off-White gown and veil for Hailey Bieber 's wedding day. On the veil, he included his famous quotation marks design around the words "till death do us part". In July 2021, LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton announced it would be taking
11440-628: Was being evicted from his apartment. With plans to move back to Cleveland, Ohio , Dot da Genius' parents allowed Cudi to stay with them and their family, so the two could continue working together and pursue their music careers. Omishore helped Cudi produce his 2007-recorded single “ Day ‘n’ Nite ” and smoked drugs once he heard his 2023 single “ Porsche Topless ”. Since that release, Omishore has been revealed sober. In addition to being very good friends, Dot da Genius has produced some of Kid Cudi's earliest work from his demos , to songs on his critically acclaimed mixtape A Kid Named Cudi (2008), which
11550-454: Was given increased creative responsibilities across the LVMH brand in early 2021. Abloh worked in Chicago street fashion , before he entered the world of international fashion with an internship at Fendi in 2009, alongside American rapper Kanye West . Abloh assumed the role of creative director at Donda , West's creative agency in 2010. The first African-American to be artistic director at
11660-435: Was honored as a leading innovator by Ebony Power 100. Abloh was also nominated for 2019 Menswear Designer of the Year. Abloh met his wife, Shannon Sundberg in high school, where they began dating. After 10 years of dating, Abloh and Sundberg married in Chicago in 2009. Abloh lived in Chicago with his wife and their two children. In 2019, Abloh was diagnosed with cardiac angiosarcoma , a rare type of cancer, though he kept
11770-543: Was inspired by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 's floating glass home, Farnsworth House , and presented it with references to the Baroque artist Caravaggio and the early 20th century German design studio The Bauhaus . The brand lead generated widespread attention for his apparel beginning in Paris, then expanding to China, Japan, and the United States. The clothing line can be identified through its use of quotation marks , zip-ties, capital letters, and barricade tape . He launched
11880-523: Was one of the finalists for the LVMH Prize. Abloh was the only American designer to be nominated for the award that year. Abloh's Charlie Hebdo -inspired "War is Not Over!" tees as well as his toppers from his fall 2015 women's collection gained him the most traction. He received the Urban Luxe award at the 2017 British Fashion Awards . He also won International designer of the Year at the GQ Men of
11990-493: Was only riffing, describing himself as a novice . During the George Floyd protests in mid-2020, Abloh attracted criticism after posting on social media a screenshot showing that he had made a $ 50 donation to Miami -based art collective (F)empower to go towards protesters' legal costs, adding that he was "crazy inspired". He later said on Instagram that "I can understand your frustration if you think my contributions were limited to $ 50... [that is] purely false when it comes to
12100-538: Was such that he was able to dictate to his customers what they should wear, instead of following their lead as earlier dressmakers had done. The term couturier was in fact first created in order to describe him. While all articles of clothing from any time period are studied by academics as costume design , only clothing created after 1858 is considered fashion design. It was during this period that many design houses began to hire artists to sketch or paint designs for garments. Rather than going straight into manufacturing,
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