Misplaced Pages

#393606

60-647: On the Zimbabwean side, the Mountains are accessible by a tarred road from Mutare . The Mozambican side of the mountains can be reached from a road to the Vumba Water Bottling Plant, which leaves the main EN6 highway just west of Manica . The climb to the prominence, Castle Beacon, is up a large granite dome . The lower slopes form a mist belt with sub-montane vegetation. Proteas are found on

120-468: A nature reserve Cecil Kopje and Tigers Kloof. The Mutare Boys' High Chapel was constructed in honour of former Old boys who perished in World War II, situated on a hilly knoll at Mutare Boys High (then Umtali Boys High). Mutare is served by rail with daily passenger and freight links to Nyazura, Rusape and Harare . There are three small aerodromes; the smallest is at Mutare Provincial Hospital,

180-615: A votive offering , as they were discovered near what appeared to be an altar. Mutare was founded in 1897 as a fort, about 8 km from the border with Mozambique , and is just 290 km from the Mozambican port of Beira , earning Mutare the title of "Zimbabwe's Gateway to the Sea". It is sometimes also called "Gateway to the Eastern Highlands". Many Zimbabwean locals refer to it as 'Kumakomoyo' (place of many mountains). There

240-454: A centre of trade and a key terminus en route to the port of Beira (in Beira, Mozambique ). Mutare is hub for trade with railway links, pipeline transport and highways linking the coast with Harare and Zimbabwe's interior. Other traditional industries include timber , papermaking, commerce, food processing, telecommunications, and transportation. In addition the city serves as a gateway to

300-531: A critical state. There is a main park in the city just before the cricket grounds that is also underutilised and not in good shape. A game park called the Cecil Kop is located in Tigers Kloof and also lacks proper management. Most of the buildings in the city are low-rise buildings with the tallest being 8 floors high. The city has a pleasant ambience. There are generally no sidewalks on all roads outside

360-406: A food processing plant and large plantations of pine and wattle forests. Further south along the road to Masvingo , beyond the city limits is the high-density town of Zimunya. Mutare's main industrial areas lie south of the railway and west of Sakubva , although there is some light industry just east of the southern part of the city centre at "Greenmarket" and surrounding areas. These are some of

420-530: A rapid increase from a population of 69,621 in 1982 and 131,367 in 1992. Mutare, like most cities in Zimbabwe, classifies residential suburbs according to population density: Low density, Medium density and High density. In the past, as was done across Southern Africa during the colonial period, people were segregated to suburbs according to their racial ethnicity. Whites inhabited the Eastern upmarket suburbs

480-427: A short distance outside the city. The National Railways of Zimbabwe serves Mutare with overnight train service from Harare three times a week, leaving Harare at 9:30PM on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays, arriving early the next morning at dawn. There are no cross-border rail services from Mozambique, which are limited to freight. The Mutare railway station is just southwest of the city centre. The main activities of

540-698: A vehicle assembly Quest which assembles Buses Trucks and other vehicles. There are also numerous retail outlets, stationery shops, fuel service stations, computer equipment sellers e.g. EMachines, Mutare Computers. There are a number of freight companies e.g. Tinmac, EMaster, Mantray, Augastalane Freight, Madziro, Tisu Anhu Acho among others Banks in Mutare include Stanbic Bank a member of Standard Bank group, CBZ, Nedbank, MBCA, Agribank, POSB, Cabs, Ecobank, BancABC, FBC, First Capital formerly Barclays. Standard Chartered has closed shop in Mutare Civic Center

600-713: A very small light aircraft strip for emergency evacuation (now defunct), a light plane aerodrome in Sakubva near Mutare Teachers College, and the Grand Reef Airport just outside the city at Irene. There is yet a fourth airport which was constructed in Chiadzwa to carry diamonds for processing in Harare. Despite its subtropical location, the city has a humid subtropical climate , of the highland variety moderated by its altitude. Mutare experience drizzle almost throughout

660-418: Is 818 mm. Rain falls mostly in the months December to February although heavy showers are possible before and after this period. The wettest month on record was January 1926 which received 580 mm while January 1991 received only 24 mm. The city's climate is also influenced by its proximity to the ocean, compared to other Zimbabwean cities. This leads to warm to hot summers and mild winters. Winter

SECTION 10

#1732801323394

720-558: Is Westlea (the majority all streets in Westlea are named after Australasian cities, (e.g. Canberra , Auckland , Sydney , Perth and Christchurch ) and Florida (the streets in Florida have English Kings' names, e.g. Henry , Alfred , Richard , George ), as well as the high-density suburb of Chikanga, which was constructed in phases, beginning in the late eighties. Further west of Chikanga lies Garikai, Bernwin and Hobhouse. South of

780-399: Is Zimbabwes gateway to the sea. The rail system however requires revamping and also including flyovers tunnels and or underpasses to avoid interaction with road traffic. Mutare has numerous hotels including Holiday Inn, Golden Peacock, Mountview, Eastgate and numerous lodges. There are a number of new manufacturing companies such as Willowton which manufactures edible oils, margari Mutare has

840-472: Is a border railway station on the railway line from Bulawayo to Beira with a railways mechanical workshop. The area was the site of Chief Mutasa's kraal . In 1890 A. R. Coquhoun was given concessionary rights and Fort Umtali (the fort later became Mutare) was established between the Tsambe and Mutare Rivers. The word mutare originates from the word 'Utare' meaning iron (or possibly meaning gold). The name

900-524: Is an international airport. Diamonds were first discovered in country in Chiadzwa area in Bocha but several years down the line, the area have not benefited anything from the discovery. Penalonga is where illegal gold extraction is done, but instead of Manicaland benefiting, the resources are being looted by Scott Sakupwanya's company and several top government officials. The name Manicaland derives from

960-620: Is derived from one of the province's largest ethnic groups, the Manyika , who originate from the area north of the Manicaland province and as well as western Mozambique, who speak a distinct language called ChiManyika in Shona (one of the dialect of the Shona language). Manicaland is bordered by Mashonaland East Province to the northwest, Midlands Province to the west, Masvingo Province to

1020-433: Is home to schools and tertiary institutions : There are a number of private colleges around the city. Manicaland Province Manicaland is a province in eastern Zimbabwe . After Harare Province , it is the country's second-most populous province, with a population of 2.037 million, as of the 2022 census . Making it the third most densely populated province after Harare and Bulawayo provinces. Manicaland

1080-628: Is home to the new state university , the Manicaland College of Applied Sciences. To the south east, in the mountains from the Prince of Wales viewpoint (with views of Mozambique below), lies the scenic Vumba Mountain range, an area of immense great natural beauty and temperate climate, and home to an indigenous afromontane forests, exotic trees, such as pine and oak and the upscale, Leopard Rock Hotel, as well as resort areas for horse riding , kayaking , mountain climbing mountain trails,

1140-497: Is not particularly frosty with cool mornings often followed by mild sunny weather. Spring can feature "four seasons in a day" weather, but from March to June it is generally settled and mild. Temperatures during summer can reach 30 °C (86 °F). Due to its maritime influence, Mutare's temperate climate stands out considering its latitude. Prevailing winds in the city are mainly a cool, moist southeasterly and during late spring and winter alternating with subtropical winds from

1200-439: Is noticeable like in this instance despite the fact it hubs largest rural population, second largest population by province and country third largest city, it is among last 5 developed provinces and does not have an international airport which in turn restricts its growth. It is the home of Zimbabwean tourism alongside Matebeleland North but international tourists does not have direct access, they have to come via Harare where there

1260-464: Is the Mutare city council headquarters. It issues licenses e.g. shop licences, parking licenses, dog licensing, housing, industry planning certification online and other local authority by law certifications. Mutare has a small aerodrome that services small aircraft, helicopters. The city is in dire need of a proper airport for meaningful tourism to occur. There is also need for improved road networks, shopping mall/s and improved social amenities. Mutare

SECTION 20

#1732801323394

1320-460: Is the second most populated province in Zimbabwe. It has a population of about 1,755,000 which constitutes about 13.5% of the country's total population. The people of Manicaland speak Shona although the different districts have own languages and dialects. For example, Mutasa District use Manyika as a language. In Makoni District , the MaUngwe people use the chi Ungwe . In Chipinge District

1380-485: Is the third most populated in Zimbabwe . Having surpassed Gweru in the 2012 census, with an urban population of 224,802 and approximately 260,567 in the surrounding districts, Mutare adds to the wider metropolitan area a total population of over 500,000 people. Mutare is also the capital of Manicaland Province and the largest city in eastern Zimbabwe. Located near the border with Mozambique , Mutare has long been

1440-669: The Nyangombe . The central and southern portions of the province are drained southwards by the Save River and its tributaries, including the Odzi River . Some areas along the province's eastern edge, including Honde Valley , Burma Valley , and eastern Chimanimani and Chipinge districts, drain eastwards into the Pungwe and Buzi rivers. The province is subdivided into seven rural districts and three town/councils: Manicaland

1500-521: The capital of Zimbabwe and the largest city in that country. The Eastern Highlands run along the eastern edge of Manicaland. The highlands are made up of several mountain ranges and include Mount Nyangani , Zimbabwe's highest peak. Manicaland has a tropical forest climate. The northern part of Manicaland is drained northwards by tributaries of the Zambezi River , including the Gairezi and

1560-473: The A9 turns southward into the southern Eastern Highlands and Chimanimani . To the east is EN9 which connects Mutare to Chimoio and with the coastal city of Beira . Traffic is often heavy since this is one of Zimbabwe's main routes to the sea. There is also a lot of cross-border traffic with people visiting the nearby cities of Manica and Chimoio. Commuter buses are a popular way of travelling for traffic across

1620-552: The Apostolic Churches, with a notably higher proportion of the Apostolic followers in Mutare and Buhera district. Polygamy is quite prevalent among church members. Other communities such as Muslim are represented, owing to the influence of migration. Manicaland boasts of some of the best performing schools in the country. Schools such as St Augustines (Tsambe), St Faith's School, Rusape (Fisco-'Madetere') (Currently

1680-881: The Bvumba, perhaps the most notable of which are the leopard and the samango monkey, the latter's range being very limited. Savannah woodland adjoining the Mozambique side of the range is home to several rare reptiles including Marshall's leaf chameleon and Arnold's skink . Chinhamapere Hill, on the Mozambique side of the mountains, has been a culturally important site since the Iron Age. There are well-preserved hunter-gatherer rock art paintings (comprising several human figures, some holding bows and arrows and others in trance) thought to be of around 8,000 years in age, as well as contemporary ritual sites, used for rainmaking, divining and healing. There are at least 86 Stone Age sites in

1740-719: The Land Apportionment Act of 1930 and the Native Land Husbandry Act of 1951), in the sharp division between Native reserves (later known as the Tribal Trust Lands), and European farming areas, with the Native Purchase Areas forming a kind of middle stage between the two. After the country's independence in 1980, district boundaries were redrawn based on political direction in the newer dispensation. A great number of

1800-576: The Ndau people use chi Ndau and the Machangana/ Shangaani people use chiChangana/ Shangaan language. In Mutare District the people of Marange use chiBocha and the Jindwi people of Zimunya use chiJindwi . These languages transcend the modern day boundaries set by the districts, being synonymous with the people in their Chiefdoms, who originally occupied these lands and beyond, prior to

1860-702: The Railway station up to the (then Umtali Club) now Mutare Club. The Tramway was at the centre of Main Street where the palm trees now stand. There were plans to set up a Stock Exchange in Umtali. The main post office was at the site where CABS centre now stands. The town lies north of the Bvumba Mountains and south of the Imbeza Valley. Christmas Pass is a mountain pass that leads into the city from

Bvumba Mountains - Misplaced Pages Continue

1920-565: The Zimbabwean portion of the mountains, and the cultural significance of some of these are still observed at the present time. This site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List on August 20, 2008, in the Cultural category. It was proposed by Mozambique . Mutare Mutare , formerly known as Umtali until 1982, is the capital and largest city in the province of Manicaland . It

1980-528: The area are farming farming- forestry, dairy, horticulture, mining, manufacturing, services - the city's name Mutare is derived from "metal" Utare possibly gold which used to be smelted by the indigenous population for centuries - and forestry. Two of the largest food producers in Zimbabwe, Cairns Foods and Tanganda Tea , operate in Mutare. Mining includes gold at Redwing Mine, Penhalonga and some smaller mines, diamonds in Marange and gravel quarries around

2040-578: The best performing school 2012 at 'O' level and 'A' level in Zimbabwe), Nyanga High School, Marist Brothers , St Marys, Mt Selinda High, Bonda High, Emmanuel High, Kriste Mambo, Mutare Boys' High School, Mutare Girls High (The Shumbas), St Dominics Mutare, Marange High, Hartzell High, Lydia Chimonyo, Sakubva High , Dangamvura High. These have produced exceptional results over the years and a great number of academics renowned internationally. The privately run Africa University provides some relief (albeit to

2100-510: The border and from outlying villages. Higher quality intercity buses are also available to both Harare and Beira, Mozambique . Mutare is served by a small airport that is largely geared toward small aircraft and chartered flights. The nearest international gateway is in, Harare some 214 km (133 mi) west.there is the Aerodrome close to sakubva and the Grand Reef Airport in Irene just

2160-471: The city and in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and moved elsewhere. South of the city, hidden from view from the rest of the city by a series of hills, is the high-density suburb of Dangamvura. The affluent areas of Weirmouth (Plots) and Fern Valley are also on the southern outskirts of the city; in these areas, residential lots exceed an acre, and market gardening is an economic activity. Nearby Fern Valley,

2220-622: The city centre and the downtown area seems more dilapidated and neglected. The post-independent city council does not seem to have strict building codes for new office and commercial buildings in the city centre which would allow for the expansion of high and modern architecture for a growing city that aims to match global standards. Mutareans, like most of Zimbabweans, prefer to live in houses made of brick, usually brick under tile or asbestos. There are no shanty towns, shacks or squatter camps in Mutare as they are illegal and residents could face penalties or demolition for not building houses to code. As

2280-406: The city expands and develops, the town planners have not considered playgrounds for children, street naming, pedestrian pavements, cycle tracks, proper drainage and flora (tree-lined streets) in their planning of new suburbs generally resulting in unpleasant-looking narrow neighbourhood streets. There have been problems with wastewater treatment , meaning that at times untreated wastewater runs into

2340-418: The city. There are a number of forestry companies including The Wattle Company, Allied Timbers, formerly FCZ, Border Timbers and Timcon Investments. The main timber products include rough sawn timber, wattle bark, charcoal, various doors and frames and mouldings. The major timber produced is pine , sydney blue gum , black wattle , and some hardwoods on a smaller scale. The railway is linked to Mocambique and

2400-636: The deeper ravines. The higher levels of the mountains are sparsely vegetated with shrubs such as proteas , aloes and Strelitzia . In the centre of the mountains lies the Bunga Forest Botanical Reserve and neighbouring Bvumba Botanical Garden. The latter is landscaped around a number of small streams and includes an important cycad collection, with 59 of the 189 known species, including Encephalartos manikensis , E. ferox , E. lehmannii , E. pterogonus , E. cycadifolius and E. eugene-maraisii . Although small in area,

2460-520: The displacement and resettlement caused by colonial occupation and repression in the early part of the 20th century. Boundaries between Kingdoms/ Chiefdoms were redrawn under the Land Apportionment Act of 1930 and the Native Land Husbandry Act of 1951. Colonial authorities used a similar technique to divide up land and authority, which in colonial Rhodesia manifested itself, through a long series of legislative measures (most importantly

Bvumba Mountains - Misplaced Pages Continue

2520-583: The fact that part of the area has been occupied in history by the Manyika people. The Manyika are a tribal grouping classified as Shona , with their own language variant, the Manyika language . The province is bordered by Mashonaland East Province to the north, Midlands Province to the west, Masvingo Province to the south and southwest, and the Republic of Mozambique to the east. The provincial capital, Mutare (pop:184,205), lies approximately 265 kilometres (165 mi), by road, southeast of Harare ,

2580-693: The higher levels. Vumba Mountain, on the Mozambique side, is a steep hike to a summit with a good view of Manica and environs. The Bvumba Mountains are composed mainly of granite which forms the eastern margin of the Zimbabwe Craton . The Vumba granite has been dated at over 2,600 Ma. The granites are intruded in places by Umkondo dolerite sills which are dated to about 1,110 Ma. The mountains are dominated by savannah woodland, including Brachystegia / miombo . There are also extensive sub-montane grasslands, local mist-belts with mosses and epiphytic and lithophytic ferns and sub-montane evergreen forest in

2640-584: The late African Iron Age (c. 900 AD) right up to the colonial period. A large hoard of soapstone carvings, jewellery, weapons, sherds and other objects were found in the vicinity of Mutare by the British archaeologist E M Andrews at the beginning of the twentieth century - they were later donated by the trustees of Cecil Rhodes to the British Museum in 1905. The soapstone figures, which are both anthropomorphic and zoomorphic , might have been part of

2700-469: The low-density suburbs, with Coloured people (mixed race) living in suburbs like Florida and black Africans being segregated to the townships of Sakubva and Dangamvura. The most upscale suburbs (low-density suburbs) such as Murambi, Fairbridge Park, Morningside, Tiger's Kloof and the Avenues are located on the north and east ends of the city. The suburb of Avenues is found just east of the city centre on

2760-486: The major suburbs of Mutare. . The city has one of the most important railway stations on the Beira–Bulawayo railway . Mutare is generally a clean town with the city council collecting rubbish daily. Most of the roads in the older parts of the city are paved (or were paved before), however, due to years of neglect and mismanagement and corruption, public infrastructure is in a shambles with roads and street lighting in

2820-691: The mountains are a botanical paradise and home to some of the rarest butterflies in the region. The Bvumba mountains offer exciting and varied birding opportunities. The area is probably best known as one of the main breeding areas of Swynnerton's robin which lives and breeds in small patches of forest, some on private land, others within the Bunga forest . Livingstone's turacos are present in large numbers. Their territorial calls are typically heard long before they are seen, yet their brilliant crimson wing feathers are striking from afar as they glide from one patch of canopy to another. A smaller number of mammals inhabit

2880-485: The north in summer. Mutare racial makeup, 1965 In 1965, Mutare had a population of 46,000. The racial makeup was split between 36,100 black Africans, 560 Asians , 340 Coloureds , and 9,100 whites . The population is predominantly Shona , the majority of them speaking the Manyika dialect. Manyika people are locally known as Samanyika. According to the 2012 census data, Mutare has a population of 260,567. This marks

2940-546: The population practise their own traditional way of worshipping, but many also practice Christianity (about 65%). The majority falling under the traditional churches: Methodist Church , Seventh-day Adventist Church , the Anglican Church and the Roman Catholic Church . The Pentecostal churches have large followings in the urban areas of Mutare and a few other growth points. Some gatherings fall under

3000-492: The province now lags behind other Zimbabwean provinces economically and developmentally. Recent developments in the province are noted mainly in Bocha area where several major infrastructural projects are underway. The province is one heavily underdeveloped areas in the country, on top of that, its economy is one the worst mainly due to Zezuru-Korekore supremacy agenda which was pushed by former president Robert Gabriel Mugabe It

3060-407: The railway tracks, is the working class suburb of Sakubva, which contains nearly half of the city's population despite an area of less than four square miles. Sakubva is considered to be the poorest of Mutare's suburbs, and its economy is centred around a large outdoor food and flea market and the "Musika weHuku" (The Chicken Market). The market has been recently razed in the recent exercise to clean up

SECTION 50

#1732801323394

3120-543: The river in Sakubva township. There are clinics in all suburbs as well as a main general hospital and infectious diseases hospital. Maternity hospitals are also available in the city. The city generally has very good infrastructure that may need a bit of working on. Mutare is well-connected by several roads which are asphalted and decent, but potholes are increasingly common. The A3 motorway leads inland towards Harare and also passes through Rusape and Marondera , while

3180-525: The scenic Eastern Highlands , nearby Gorongosa National Park , and the Mozambique coast. Although the city was founded in the late nineteenth century, the region has a long history of trading caravans passing through on the way to the Indian Ocean , from ports such as Sofala , to inland settlements, such as Great Zimbabwe . Zimbabwe is also renowned for its soapstone carvings and figurines which are evidence of these trade routes, dating as far back as

3240-516: The southwest, and Mozambique to the east. It has an area of 36,459 square kilometres (14,077 sq mi), equal to 9.28% of the total area of Zimbabwe. It is the sixth-largest in area of Zimbabwe's ten provinces. Its economy is largely centered around industry and agriculture , particularly manufacturing , diamond and gold mining, timber , tea and coffee plantations, and tourism . In recent years, Manicaland's economy has declined as manufacturing firms and mines continue to fold, and

3300-583: The way to Tiger's Kloof and Murambi, bordering Morningside. East of the CBD is the suburbs of Palmerstone, Darlington, Greenside and Bordervale, which are all near the border with Mozambique. In the west are the medium-density (i.e. middle class) suburbs, the largest and most famous being Yeovil - (the majority of street names in Yeovil are named after English counties e.g. Sussex Gardens, Hampshire , Devonshire , Somerset ). Then more recently developed after Yeovil

3360-709: The west. The pass was so named by some of the colonial pioneers who camped at the foot of the pass on Christmas Day 1890. Mutare is home to several tourist attractions such as, the Mutare Museum , the Utopia House Museum dedicated to Kingsley Fairbridge , the National Gallery of Zimbabwe , Murahwa Hill, known for its rock paintings and Iron Age village, Cross Kopje with a memorial to Zimbabweans and Mozambicans killed in World War I and

3420-473: The year. The average annual temperature is 19 °C, surprisingly low for its moderate altitude (about the same as Harare which is 360 metres higher.) This is due to its sheltered position against the mountain ridge of Cecil Kop which encourages cool breezes from lower altitude to the east and south. The coldest month is July (minimum 6 °C and maximum 20 °C) and the hottest month is October (minimum 16 °C and maximum 32 °C). The annual rainfall

3480-499: Was one of five original provinces established in Southern Rhodesia in the early colonial period. The province endowed with country's major tourist attractions, the likes of Mutarazi Falls , Nyanga National Park and Zimbabwe's top three highest peaks. The province is divided into ten administrative subdivisions of seven rural districts and three towns/councils, including the provincial capital, Mutare . The name Manicaland

3540-567: Was paid by the British South Africa Company to the townspeople for the cost of moving. The town was proclaimed a municipality on 11 June 1914 and in 1971 it was granted city status. The name was officially changed from Umtali to Mutare in 1982. The white population in Umtali dropped from 9,950 in 1969 to 8,600 in June 1978. The city had a tramway from January 26, 1897, to May 23, 1921, which transported passengers from

3600-533: Was probably given to the river as a result of gold being discovered in the Penhalonga valley through which the Mutare River runs. In 1891 the location was moved to a site now known as Old Mutare , about 14 km north of the city centre. In 1896 the construction of the railway between Beira and Bulawayo led to the town being moved a third time so that it was closer to the railway line – compensation

#393606