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23-586: Vyatka may refer to: Vyatka Land Vyatka, former name of the city of Kirov, Kirov Oblast , Russia Vyatka (river) , a river in Russia Vyatka Region , an informal name of Kirov Oblast of Russia Vyatka (motor scooter) , a Russian copy of Italy's Vespa Motor Scooter Vyatka (horse) , a sturdy breed of workhorse from the Vyatka Region See also: Vyatsky Topics referred to by

46-459: A veche in Vyatka in surviving sources, and historians' opinions on its existence differ. Nikolay Kostomarov and some post-Soviet historians believed that it was the highest authority in Vyatka while Soviet historians argued that there is no proof of its existence. Vasily I Vasily I Dmitriyevich ( Russian : Василий I Дмитриевич ; 30 December 1371 – 27 February 1425)

69-655: A large degree of independence until it was annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1489. Udmurts inhabited Vyatka Land before the arrival of Slavic settlers. According to the Legend of the Vyatka Land , they came from Novgorod in 1174, conquered Kotelnich and Nikulitsyn with the supernatural help of saints Boris and Gleb and founded Khlynov (now Kirov), which became the main settlement of Vyatka Land (often called Vyatka as well). This account

92-748: A monk called Lazar the Serb who arrived from Serbia, inventing and building a clock on a tower in the Grand Prince's Terem Palace in Moscow behind the Cathedral of the Annunciation at the request of Vasily I, in 1404. It was the first ever mechanical clock in Moscow and the first in any Russian city. It was among the first ten such advanced clocks in Europe, and was regarded as a technical miracle at

115-407: A promise not to help Moscow against Kazan. When Ivan III gathered forces to attack Kazan in the following year, Vyatka refused to join the army, citing the promise to Ibrahim. In 1485, only a show of force made Vyatka join another Muscovite campaign against Kazan. The vyatchane raided both Tatar and Russian lands: in 1471, they looted Sarai , and in the 1480s, they twice attacked Muscovite lands on

138-512: A state of anarchy for the Golden Horde and the independence of Moscow . In 1412, Vasily resumed submission to the Horde. Vasily was the oldest son of Dmitry Donskoy and Grand Princess Eudoxia , daughter of Grand Prince Dmitry Konstantinovich of Nizhny Novgorod . While still a young man, Vasily, who was the eldest son of Grand Prince Dmitry Donskoy (ruled Moscow 1359–89), travelled to

161-563: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Vyatka Land While the Permians were its original inhabitants, it was gradually settled by Slavic settlers whose arrival is traditionally dated to the late 12th century. Vyatka Land, being geographically isolated from the rest of the Russian lands, sometimes accepted the suzerainty of other Russian and Tatar states but de facto enjoyed

184-467: Is nothing in Russian history more obscure than the fortunes of Viatka and its region". Vyatka Land was self-governed to a large degree; however, the nature of its government is not known for sure. The local leaders, known as voivodes ( Russian : земские воеводы , romanized :  zemskiye voyevody ), were apparently elected and sometimes they are identified with atamans who headed military campaigns and raids. There are no explicit mentions of

207-539: The Muscovite Civil War . Jonah , the metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus' , accused the people of Vyatka ( vyatchane ) of cruelty, destroying churches and selling captives into slavery in 1452. By that time the war had ended in victory for Vasily II and he subsequently organised several campaigns to subdue Vyatka. The first two were unsuccessful – the Muscovite generals were reportedly bribed off – and only

230-487: The Northern Dvina . Ivan III subjugated the lands of Perm in 1472, annexed Novgorod in 1478, and installed a pro-Russian khan after capturing Kazan in 1487. Ivan then sent an army to subdue Vyatka in 1489, under the command of Daniil Shchenya . Kotelnich and Orlov were taken without resistance. Khlynov was besieged on August 16. Khlynov notables presented gifts to the Muscovite generals and offered obedience to

253-479: The Muscovite prince as it damaged the Golden Horde , which for the next twelve years was in a state of anarchy. During the whole of this time no tribute was paid to the khan , Olug Moxammat , though vast sums of money were collected in the Moscow treasury for military purposes. In 1408 Edigu burnt Nizhny Novgorod , Gorodets , Rostov , and many other towns but failed to take Moscow , though he had still burnt it. In 1412, however, Vasily found it necessary to pay

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276-724: The Tatar khan Tokhtamysh (1383) to obtain the Khan's yarlik (patent) for his father for the title of grand prince of Vladimir. Diplomatically overcoming the challenge of the prince of Tver, who also sought the patent, Vasily succeeded in his mission. But he was subsequently kept at Tokhtamysh 's court as a hostage until 1386 when, taking advantage of Tokhtamysh's conflict with his suzerain Timur Lenk ( Tamerlane ), he escaped and returned to Moscow. With Tokhtamysh's permission, Vasily I took over Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal in 1393. Nizhny Novgorod

299-663: The Teutonic order at the Battle of Grunwald . However, the terms of the Union of Horodlo negotiated by Polish King Jogaila , which discriminated against Orthodox Christians, caused Lithuania to lose its influence over the Russian states. Mongol emir Timur raided the Slavic lands in 1395; he ruined the Volga region but did not penetrate as far as Moscow . Timur's raid was of service to

322-545: The grand prince. The generals demanded they hand over three atamans . This was debated for two days in the city and ultimately the vyatchane refused the demand. The Muscovite army started siege preparations, which caused Khlynov to surrender. The three atamans were beheaded in Moscow, the Vyatka nobles were resettled on the southern border of Muscovy and the merchants were resettled in Dmitrov . The scarcity of information on Vyatka led Nikolay Kostomarov to remark that "there

345-537: The late 14th and early 15th centuries. Some time in the first half of the 15th century, Vasily I , the grand prince of Moscow , took Vyatka Land from the Suzdalian line of princes and handed it to his brother Yury together with Galich . Yury lived in the latter and sent a deputy to Vyatka. He fortified Khlynov (Vyatka), Kotelnich and Orlov and thereafter they were considered towns ( goroda ). Vyatka supported Yury and his son Dmitry Shemyaka against Vasily II in

368-464: The long-deferred visit of submission to the Horde. The growing influence of Moscow abroad was underlined by the fact that Vasily married his daughter Anna to Emperor John VIII Palaeologus of Byzantium . During his reign, feudal landownership kept growing. With the growth of princely authority in Moscow, the judicial powers of landowners were partially diminished and transferred to Vasily's deputies and heads of volosts . Chronicles speak of

391-821: The only daughter of Vytautas the Great . The alliance turned out to be fragile, and they waged war against each other in 1406–1408. Vytautas had positioned himself as an unifier of all Rus’ lands, the Polish historian Koneczny spoke of the potentiality "that could have been realised had the program of the subjugation of all of Rus’ been implemented". Furthermore, he saw the potentiality of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania becoming an empire by virtue of all of Rus’ being under Lithuanian domination. Vytautas, thus attacked Novgorod and Pskov, clashing with his son-in-law Vasily but later making peace. This peace allowed Vytautas to strike against

414-448: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Vyatka . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vyatka&oldid=1189316359 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

437-522: The settlement on the site of future Vyatka burned down their sanctuary and migrated east to the Cheptsa river. The Tatar prince Bektut conquered Vyatka Land in the 1390s. Some of the inhabitants were killed and others were captured. Ten years later, the prince Simeon Dmitrievich  [ ru ] of Suzdal ruled in Vyatka, possibly as a vassal of the Golden Horde . There was a rivalry between Vyatka and Ustyug which led to several battles fought in

460-533: The third one launched in 1459 succeeded. The Muscovite army took Kotelnich and Orlov and besieged Vyatka until it surrendered. It accepted the suzerainty of Moscow and was forced to pay tribute. Vyatka remained semi-independent even after formally accepting the suzerainty of the grand prince of Moscow. They fought together with other Muscovite forces against the Kazan Khanate in 1468; however, then khan Ibrahim of Kazan sent his troops to Vyatka and extracted

483-494: Was Grand Prince of Vladimir and Moscow from 1389. He was the heir of Dmitry Donskoy , who reigned from 1359 to 1389. He entered an alliance with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1392 and married Sophia , the only daughter of Vytautas , though the alliance turned out to be fragile, and they waged war against each other in 1406–1408. The raid on the Volga region in 1395 by the Turco-Mongol emir Timur resulted in

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506-526: Was disputed by some historians who consider the Legend to be a much later and unreliable source. The settlement appears in the archeological record of the 11th–13th centuries and intensifies after the Mongol conquest of Rus' . The first undisputed mention of Vyatka in Russian chronicles dates to 1374 when a band of ushkuyniks from Vyatka raided Sarai . According to an Udmurt legend, the Udmurts who lived in

529-535: Was given to Vasily by the Khan of the Golden Horde in exchange for the help Moscow had given against one of his rivals. He also took Murom . In 1397–1398 Kaluga , Vologda , Veliki Ustyug and the lands of the Komi peoples were annexed. To prevent Muscovy from being attacked by the Golden Horde , Vasily I entered into an alliance with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1392 and married Sophia of Lithuania ,

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