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55-580: The Nissan Xterra is a truck-based compact SUV manufactured and marketed by Nissan from 1999–2015 across two generations; the first (1999–2004) sharing a platform and many of its major exterior parts from the front doors forward with the Nissan (D22) Frontier pickup – and the second (2005–2015) sharing the Nissan F-Alpha platform with the Frontier and Pathfinder . Sporting a name licensed from

110-466: A Car and Driver review in 2019, the compact crossover and SUV market segment is popular because the vehicles "are right-sized, right-priced, and blend carlike refinement with a touch of utility." Small-sized utility-type vehicles have been available since the advent of the first automobiles. The modern use of the "compact sport utility" category can be traced in the United States marketplace to

165-434: A "masterpiece" of automotive design with room for five passengers and their cargo. According to Bob Lutz , an executive at several car companies, American Motors (AMC) "invented an all-new automotive segment—the compact sport utility vehicle" with the original compact Jeep Cherokee two- and four-door models. The compact Cherokee's design, appearance, and sales popularity spawned imitators as other automakers noticed that

220-408: A cast aluminum lower intake manifold, with either a cast aluminum or plastic/composite upper intake manifold plenum. Bore and stroke are 91.5 mm × 83 mm (3.60 in × 3.27 in). Compression ratio is 8.9:1. Output is 170 or 180 hp (127 or 134 kW) at 4,800 rpm, depending on year/vehicle, with 202 lb⋅ft (274 N⋅m) of torque at 2,800 rpm. The VG33E

275-429: A choice of part-time 4-wheel drive or 2-wheel drive. The M226 rear axle with a Dana 44 differential was standard on all manual transmission equipped models as well as all PRO-4X and off-road models. The PRO-4X and off-road also came standard with an electronic rear locking differential and either hill descent/start control or clutch interlock bypass switch on automatic and manual examples respectively. The Xterra received

330-589: A facelift for 2009 (July 2008 production) with more options and colors, optional leather seats on SE models, new grille and front bumper, silver painted rear bumper and roof rack, and roof mounted lights on off-road models. The last year of the Nissan Xterra in Mexico was 2008. In 2012, production was moved from Smyrna, Tennessee , to Nissan's facility in Canton, Mississippi . Other changes include: The Xterra

385-587: A former member of the Nissan Group keiretsu . The objective was to replace the inline 6 Nissan L engine , which traces its roots back to the Mercedes-Benz M180 engine introduced in 1951, with an all-new V6. Nissan engineers wanted the VG to have improved performance, fuel economy, reliability, and refinement, while being both lighter and more compact than its predecessor. The resulting engine

440-461: A four-door version and featuring a very strong, lightweight unibody construction like most passenger cars, as well as with a lightweight "link/coil" suspension design that was praised by the automotive press for its superior ride, performance, and handling. The original Jeep XJ combined a passenger car comfort with a rugged chassis for ease of driving in difficult conditions, and established the modern SUV market segment. Automobile magazine called it

495-528: A four-speed automatic transmission . JDM cars claimed 280 PS (276 bhp; 206 kW), as the Japanese automobile manufacturers were limited to that number. Applications: The VG33E is a 3,275 cc (3.3 L) cast iron block, aluminum head, SOHC version produced between 1996 and 2004. It has sequential fuel injection , two valves per cylinder with self-adjusting hydraulic followers, forged steel connecting rods, one-piece cast camshafts, and

550-558: A lever in China. Dongfeng Motors produced a Chinese version of the first generation Xterra called the Oting from 2007 to 2015. It was available with the 2.4-liter 4G64 and 4G69 or a 2.5-liter turbo-diesel engine paired with a 5-speed manual gearbox. In comparison to pricing, the Chinese market Nissan Paladin was priced at 159,800 to 244,800 RMB (25,264 to US$ 38,702) while the Oting

605-413: A load up to 125lbs). Options included a 170 horsepower 3.3 L VG33E SOHC V6 engine , 4-speed automatic transmission, and part-time 4WD . The SE featured standard equipment that was optional on an XE, including 4WD, side step-rails, and moonroof. All models featured removable, tab-secured rear seat cushions to accommodate a fold-flat rear seat back. Canadian models from 1999 to 2004 were limited to

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660-633: A luxury car alternative, nor tries to hide its truck underpinnings". Jalopnik called it a "knockoff of the Land Rover Discovery ". The Washington Post described it as "rugged without bravado". First generation manufacture took place at Nissan's Decherd, Tennessee Plant (engines) and Smyrna Assembly plant (final assembly). Second generation Xterras were manufactured at the company's Canton, Mississippi plant (final assembly). Variants were also manufactured in Brazil and China. The Xterra

715-495: A rear hatchback . American Motors made the full-sized Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) SUV using a truck chassis, but developed a completely new and slim unibody Jeep Cherokee (XJ) line of two- and four-door compact sport wagons that were marketed starting in late 1983. These are often considered the first compact American four-door sport utility vehicles. While the competing SUVs were adaptations of compact pickup trucks, Jeep did not have one, so they designed an SUV first; starting with

770-471: A sequential multi-port fuel injection system, and Nissan's Electronic Concentrated Control System (ECCS). ECCS used a microprocessor and an oxygen sensor to control fuel delivery, spark timing, exhaust gas recirculation rate, and engine idle speed, depending on the current operating conditions of the engine. This system reduced carbon emissions, improved fuel economy, and improved engine performance during cold-start and warm-up conditions. The advantages of

825-559: A slightly different engine block and N-VCT , Nissan's own version of variable valve timing , delivering a smoother idle and more torque at low to medium engine speeds. Both production blocks and head castings were used successfully in the Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo and NPT-90 race cars which won the IMSA GT Championship three years in a row. Development of the VG series began in 1979 by Nissan Machinery ,

880-670: A stroke of 78 mm × 69.7 mm (3.07 in × 2.74 in) and produces 210 PS (154 kW; 207 hp). This engine features NVTCS (Nissan's Valve Timing Control System). Applications: The VG20P is the Autogas ( Liquified petroleum gas ) version of the VG20. It produces 99 PS (73 kW; 98 hp) at 5,600 rpm and 149 N⋅m (110 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm. Later versions (2004–2005) produce 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) at 6,000 rpm and 152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft) at 2,400 rpm. It

935-567: Is 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) at 1,800 rpm. For the 2006 model year, MWM updated the engine to include common rail injection and an electronic control unit; hence known as the "Eletronic". Power increased to 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 3,400 rpm; claimed torque remained unchanged but at a somewhat lower 1,700 rpm. The second generation Xterra debuted at the New York International Auto Show in 2004 and entered showrooms in early 2005 for

990-541: Is 87 mm × 83 mm (3.43 in × 3.27 in). In the 300ZX, it produced 160 hp (119 kW) and 173 lb⋅ft (235 N⋅m) of torque. In April 1987 the "W" series VG30 was released, adding 5 horsepower but leaving torque unchanged. In 1989, the Maxima received the 160 hp (119 kW) rating, but also used a variable intake plenum improving torque to 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m) at 3200 rpm. Applications: The 2,960 cc (3.0 L) VG30ET

1045-561: Is a 2,960 cc (3.0 L) engine produced from 1986 through 1989. It features a throttle body fuel injection system. It has a long crank snout, a cylinder head temperature sensor positioned behind the timing belt cover, and a knock sensor in the cylinder valley (on California models only). It produces 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) at 4,800 rpm and 226 N⋅m (167 lb⋅ft) at 2,800 rpm. Applications: The 2,960 cc (3.0 L) VG30E produced 153 hp (114 kW) and 182 lb⋅ft (247 N⋅m). Bore and stroke

1100-458: Is an iron block/aluminum head twin-turbo , twin intercooler 2,960 cc (3.0 L; 180.6 cu in) version first seen in the 1987 MID4-II concept. Producing 330 PS (325 bhp; 243 kW) in the MID-4 and coming in at a weight of 237 kg (523 lb), it was the last of Nissan's DOHC belt driven 4 valve per cylinder turbocharged engines put into production, following

1155-502: Is an overhead cam, twelve-valve engine. Applications: The VG30S is a 2,960 cc (3.0 L) SOHC twelve-valve engine with an electronic carburettor which produces 148 PS (109 kW; 146 hp) at 4,800 rpm and 234 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft) at 3,600 rpm. This engine was mainly offered in export markets with more lenient environmental regulations, such as the Middle East and Africa. Applications: The VG30i

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1210-432: Is larger than mini SUVs , but smaller than mid-size SUVs . However, there is no official definition of the size or dimensions for this market segment. Moreover, some manufacturers have marketed the same model name on different sized vehicles over time. The most common distinction between versions of crossover automobiles and compact -sized SUVs is that the first is based on a car-based unibody platform, while an SUV uses

1265-701: Is similar to the VG30DE, it used different heads and inlet manifold. Contrary to popular belief, it was not available in the Nissan 300ZR model - the 300ZR had an early version of the VG30ET. The engine was available in the Cedric, Gloria, Cima and Leopard chassis. It is a single-turbo engine that was used from 1987 through 1995 in the Japanese market, and the predecessor for the VG30DETT engine. Applications: The VG30DETT

1320-620: The American Automobile Association , AMC's "clever marketing helped create the present demand for compact sport-utility vehicles." The Japanese 1988 Suzuki Vitara is also considered to be a compact SUV. Nissan VG engine#VG33E Nissan's and Japan's first mass-produced V6, the iron block/aluminum head 60° VG engine was produced in displacements between 2.0 and 3.3 liters. Early versions used SOHC cylinder heads with two valves per cylinder; later models featured DOHC cylinder heads, four valves per cylinder,

1375-492: The CA18DET and RB20DET . The engine's hybrid T22/TB02 twin-turbos were developed exclusively for Nissan, and it came with Nissan's NVTCS valve timing control system). The production engine develops 300 hp (304 PS; 224 kW) at 6400 rpm and 283 lb⋅ft (384 N⋅m) at 3600 rpm with a five-speed manual transmission , and 280 hp (284 PS; 209 kW) and 283 lb⋅ft (384 N⋅m) of torque with

1430-687: The D23 Navara-based SUV. The SUV, later named Terra , made its debut in Asia in March 2018, and the updated version was released in the Middle East in November 2020 under the X-Terra name. (Source: US sales figures 2005-17 only; Canada 2012-2016 only.) Compact sport utility vehicle A compact sport utility vehicle or compact SUV is a class of small sport utility vehicles that

1485-573: The Nissan Frontier and Nissan Xterra . The VG engine was retired in 2004, by which time all V6-powered Nissans had switched to the VQ. The VG20E is a 1,998 cc (2.0 L) SOHC engine produced from 1984 on. It produces between 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) and 125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp) net. In the earlier gross rating system, early eighties' models claim 130 PS (96 kW; 128 hp). Applications: The VG20ET

1540-405: The VG engine over its inline 6 predecessor was that its V6 configuration would have greater torsional rigidity for higher performance potential, and its shorter length would give Nissan designers and engineers more freedom for vehicle design, allowing for both more frontal crush zone space and transverse mounting for front-wheel-drive vehicles. All VG engines use a timing belt to synchronize

1595-1073: The VG33E V6 engine with part-time 4WD. All updates for the 2002 Xterra were executed at the Nissan Technical Center-North America in Farmington Hills, Michigan. It was again available both in rear-wheel 2WD and part-time 4WD models. The facelifted model debuted at the 2001 Chicago Auto Show with an optional supercharged V6 engine option, revised front-end styling with rounded headlights and raised hood (48mm), revised instrument panel with three round gauges in grey trim (XE) or blue (SE), revised HVAC controls, console with side map pocket, 25 percent larger glove box, map lamp with integrated compass (SE), pull-out rear cup holders, four interior power points, revised new seat fabrics, standard variable intermittent front windshield wipers and rear wiper, optional 300-watt audio system, foot-operated pedal parking brake replacing

1650-547: The XTERRA off-road triathlon race series, the vehicle was positioned by Nissan as functional and reliable outdoor gear, epitomized by its marketing tagline “Everything You Need, Nothing You Don’t.” It was developed in La Jolla, California , by Nissan Design International (NDI)'s (now Nissan Design America) then Director of Design Tom Semple, and became the first Nissan vehicle completely conceived, developed and manufactured in

1705-470: The 1982-1994 Chevrolet S-10 Blazer and the 1984-1990 Ford Bronco II because they are considered compact-sized SUVs that were built on a compact truck chassis. They were marketed alongside the Chevrolet K5 Blazer and Ford Bronco full-size 4x4 vehicles. The compact two-door 1983 Chevrolet S-10 Blazer featured four-wheel drive with a four-cylinder engine as standard and Ford brought out

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1760-751: The 2004 model year Xterras were manufactured in January 2005. The Xterra entered production in Brazil in June 2003, being assembled in the Renault-Nissan Alliance commercial vehicle plant in São José dos Pinhais . Renault-Nissan had already been bulding the related Nissan Frontier pickup truck since June 2002. The Brazilian-made Xterra was equipped with a locally built, MWM Sprint 2.8-liter turbodiesel four-cylinder engine developing 132 PS (97 kW; 130 hp) at 3,600 rpm. Torque rating

1815-484: The 2005 model year. Sharing Nissan's F-Alpha platform with the Titan and Armada , it was larger in all dimensions than its predecessor. The standard engine was upgraded to Nissan's 4.0 L VQ40DE variable valve timing DOHC V6, producing 261 hp (195 kW) and 281 lb⋅ft (381 N⋅m) of torque. Early US models include X, S, and PRO-4X, with a choice of 6-speed manual or 5-speed automatic transmissions,

1870-557: The A/R ranged from 0.21–0.77. Being that the VG20ET had a short stroke 78 mm × 69.7 mm (3.07 in × 2.74 in), it was thought to have insufficient low end torque. Nevertheless, the VG20ET was a great improvement over the VG20E. Applications: The VG20DET is an DOHC 1,998 cc (2.0 L) engine with a ceramic turbocharger and intercooler. It has a bore and

1925-468: The Jeep XJ models began replacing regular cars. Compact SUVs have become an alternative to the minivans for families who need cargo space. While almost unchanged since its introduction, Cherokee XJ production continued through 2005 in China, and was one of the best-selling compact SUVs in the world. There were over 2.8 million Jeep XJs built in the U.S. between 1984 and 2001. According to a 1995 review by

1980-599: The United States. According to Jerry Hirshberg , president of Nissan Design International (NDI), "the impetus for Xterra designers was to create an affordable, rugged, quality piece of equipment". He later described it as "a garage tool that says, 'treat me rough' – it's designed to look better dirty than clean." While the two Xterra generations differed significantly, both prioritized ruggedness, practicality, and affordability over luxury. Traditional body-on-frame construction and underbody skid plates reflected both its truck heritage and off-road capability. Throughout its lifetime

2035-483: The Xterra used a two-box design with a prominent two-tiered roof enabling second row stadium seating , C-pillar -mounted rear door handles, asymmetrical rear window, and a distinctive tailgate bump-out for an inside mounted first aid kit . For hauling exterior loads a roof rack with a removable forward gear basket was standard equipment. Road & Track described the Xterra as "an honest SUV that doesn't try to be

2090-457: The automatic, and 231 lb⋅ft (313 N⋅m) of torque with 5-speed manual. For 2003 the front seats received additional adjustability with added lumbar support and in SE models the available 6-disc, 4-speaker AM / FM / CD audio system was replaced by a 6-speaker 300W Rockford Fosgate AM/FM/CD audio system with an 8-inch subwoofer that took up a small portion of the rear storage area. The last of

2145-556: The camshafts with the crankshaft rather than a timing chain . The VG series engine was put into thousands of Nissan vehicles, debuting in Japan in the 1983 Nissan Gloria / Nissan Cedric , and in the US and other markets in the 1984 Nissan 300ZX . When the Nissan VQ engine was introduced in 1994, the VG engine was slowly phased out in Nissan cars, and after 2002 it was only available in

2200-617: The dash-mounted pull-and-twist parking brake — and an increase of 10 horsepower for the V6 engine. The 3.3L VG33E V6 was upgraded to 180 hp (134 kW) at 4,800 rpm and 202 lb⋅ft (274 N⋅m) at 2,800 rpm on the XE and SE models. A 210 hp (157 kW) Eaton M62 supercharged VG33ER option (carried over from the 2001 Nissan Frontier ) was made available only on the SE S/C version. It produced 246 lb⋅ft (334 N⋅m) of torque for

2255-499: The front of the vehicle ( Nissan 300ZX and Fairlady Z) or two throttle bodies to the left (sedans and 300ZR). It was also installed with N-VTC , an early form of variable valve timing. Early VG30DEs used large oval intake ports, and round exhaust ports, though the flange was similar to the SOHC VG engine, bolt spacing was slightly different. Late VG30DE's used slightly smaller oval intake ports, and oval exhaust ports. The bolt spacing

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2310-437: The horsepower output to 155 PS (114 kW; 153 hp), a great jump from the normally aspirated VG20E. The turbo included with the VG20ET had two different settings. At low speeds, the turbo's wastegate would stay closed improving the response at low rpm. At high speeds, the flap would stay open, decreasing resistance and increasing exhaust flow. At its maximum flow, the flap would open at an angle of 27 degrees, while

2365-645: The marketing tagline “Everything You Need, Nothing You Don’t.” All Nissan-produced Xterras manufactured outside the U.S. were built in São José dos Pinhais , Brazil until 2007. (Nissan ceased Brazilian production entirely in 2007.) It is built under license by Pars Khodro in Iran as the Nissan Roniz , and in China by Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile as the Nissan Paladin from 2003 to 2013. The Paladin uses

2420-591: The same chassis and running gear as the first generation Nissan Xterra, and the 2.4L KA24DE engine mated to a 5-speed manual transmission. The front end is from the local Pickup. (The second generation Xterra model is only available in North America.) Other difference between the American Xterra and its Chinese counterparts is the parking brake actuator, a pedal with a pull-handle release in America, and

2475-485: The similar Bronco II model. Both were body-on-frame designs based on each automaker's small pickup trucks , the Chevrolet S-10 and Ford Ranger respectively. The general dimensions, drive train, and cab details were identical to those of the compact truck with differences in the interior only aft of the doors. Both were station wagon -like vehicles with seating for four adults and an enclosed cargo area with

2530-472: The unibody with welded-in ladder frame or body-on-frame chassis commonly used on trucks. However, manufacturers and common usage has blurred the two terms. Many recent vehicles labelled as compact SUVs are technically compact crossovers and are built on the platform of a compact/ C-segment passenger car, while some models may be based on a mid-size car ( D-segment ) or a B-segment platform. The modern compact SUV market segment began in 1983. According to

2585-459: Was available in early production with a single Garrett T3 turbocharger at 6.8 psi (0.47 bar) and a 7.8:1 compression ratio. The USDM and JDM version produced 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) and 227 lb⋅ft (308 N⋅m). European versions produced 230 hp (233 PS; 172 kW) and 252 lb⋅ft (342 N⋅m). When "W"-Series VG30 was released in April 1987, horsepower

2640-542: Was based on the VG20E, but with an added an Variable-geometry turbocharger . The VG20ET produces 170 hp (127 kW). This SOHC motor debuted at the same time as the VG20E. Also coming with the Y30, this motor was known as the "Jet Turbo", and came with the Nissan Leopard models XS, and XS-II Grand Selection. Contrary to the VG30ET that came out in the US, the VG20ET came with an intercooler in certain models to push

2695-411: Was designed by Nissan from scratch, and shared few mechanical components with its predecessor, or with any other automaker. It was added to a new engine family name PLASMA (Powerful ＆ Economic, Lightweight, Accurate, Silent, Mighty, Advanced). Extensive computer design techniques were used during development, which made the VG series one of the most advanced and high-tech engines of its day. It featured

2750-524: Was developed for the 1985 MID4 concept. The 2,960 cc (3.0 L) VG30DE produces 190 to 222 hp (142 to 166 kW) and 198 lb⋅ft (268 N⋅m). Bore and stroke is 87 mm × 83 mm (3.43 in × 3.27 in). Original Japanese market units claimed 185 PS (136 kW). There are two versions of the VG30DE. The first was introduced in 1986 on the Japanese 300ZR (Z31) and Nissan Leopard F31 , and were never sold in North America. The VG30DE has two throttle bodies facing

2805-474: Was developed in 1999 at (then) Nissan Design International in California. Designed to be "about what people do with the vehicle, as much as what the vehicle can do,” it was introduced in North America in the 2000 model year in two trim levels, XE and SE. The base XE featured a 143 hp (107 kW) KA24DE I4 , rear-wheel 2WD , 5-speed manual transmission , and steel wheels, and a roof rack (rated for

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2860-472: Was discontinued in the U.S. after the 2015 model year. Poor fuel economy, declining sales, and mandated upgrades to safety and emissions were cited as reasons. In 2001, the advertising firm of TBWA\Chiat\Day won the Grand Effie, a global marketing award, for its introductory advertising campaign for the original Xterra — postitioning the Xterra as reliable and functional outdoor gear, captured in

2915-724: Was increased to 205 PS (151 kW; 202 hp). All 1987 models featured a T3 turbocharger at 6.8 psi (0.47 bar). In 1988 the compression ratio was changed to 8.3:1 and turbocharged with a single Garrett T25 turbocharger at 4.5 psi (0.31 bar) to reduce turbo lag . The engine specified as the VG30ET engine in the Nissan GTP ZX-Turbo Racecar, was a heavily modified VG30ET producing over 551 kW (749 PS; 739 hp) at 8,000 rpm, and over 686 N⋅m (506 lb⋅ft) at 5,500 rpm. Applications: The first DOHC 24 valve VG30DE engine

2970-574: Was priced at 119,800 to 154,800 RMB (18,940 to US$ 24,473). Trim levels for the Paladin were called the 2WD S, 2WD C, 2WD L, 2WD E, 4WD S, 4WD C, 4WD L and 4WD E. Trim levels for the Oting were called the China III MT L, China III MT E, China III AT L, China IV MT L, China IV MT E, Diesel 2WD and the Diesel 4WD. Following the Xterra's discontinuation from the U.S. market in 2015, Nissan began testing

3025-452: Was shared with the round-port variant from earlier years. Applications: The VG30DET is a 3.0 L (2,960 cc), 24-valve, DOHC , VTC-equipped engine equipped with a T3 (Nissan N1 Type) 4-bolt Garrett Turbo running between 7.5 and 11.5 psi (0.52 and 0.79 bar). Generating up to 255 PS (188 kW; 252 hp) and measuring 236 lb⋅ft (320 N⋅m) depending on the production year and application. While this engine

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