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67-558: Yalıkavak is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Bodrum , Muğla Province , Turkey . Its population is 6,532 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation , it was a town ( belde ). It is on the Aegean coast. It is 18 kilometres (11 miles) from Bodrum, on the northern side of the Bodrum peninsula. Yalıkavak is surrounded by hills providing views of the town and surrounding Aegean coastline, and there are several beaches and bays in

134-493: A ban on sponge diving eventually ended this lucrative industry. Over the years, tourism became a major activity and income source for local communities. The abundance of visitors has also enlivened Bodrum's retail and service industries. Leather goods, particularly for traditional woven sandals, are well-known products. Other traditional goods, such as tangerine-flavored Turkish delight , nazar amulets , and handicrafts are popular souvenirs. Apart from small shopping facilities,

201-419: A building permit one has to agree to paint the walls of the new building white. Use of any paint other than white on the exterior walls of a building was officially banned by Muğla Governor Temel Koçaklar in 2006. This was implemented to protect the historical fabric and cultural identity of the city. Bodrum International Ballet Festival has been held in Bodrum every summer since 2002. Bodrum has also hosted

268-412: A major commercial development within the town, provides 620 berths for yachts up to 135m in length, as well as housing a range of shopping, dining and leisure facilities. Bodrum The town was founded by Dorian Greeks . It later fell under Persian rule and became the capital of the satrapy of Caria . Mausolus ruled Caria from here, and after his death in 353 BC, his wife Artemisia built

335-515: A non-trivial evolution in Carian from * -onto into -n, -ñ (and possibly -ne ?). Virtually nothing is known of Carian syntax. This is chiefly due to two factors: first, uncertainty as to which words are verbs; second, the longer Carian inscriptions hardly show word dividers. Both factors seriously hamper the analysis of longer Carian texts. The only texts for which the structure is well understood, are funeral inscriptions from Egypt. Their nucleus

402-502: A similar sound. A few candidates have been proposed: ýbt , 'he offered', not , 'he brings / brought', ait , 'they made', but these are not well established. In a Carian-Greek bilingual from Kaunos the first two words in Carian are kbidn uiomλn , corresponding to Greek ἔδοξε Καυνίοις, 'Kaunos decided' (literally: 'it seemed right to the Kaunians'). The first word, kbidn , is Carian for 'Kaunos' (or, 'the Kaunians'), so one would expect

469-464: A tomb, called the Mausoleum, for him. Macedonian forces laid siege to the city and captured it in 334 BC. After Alexander 's death, the city passed to successive Hellenistic rulers and was briefly an independent kingdom until 129 BC, when it came under Roman rule . A series of natural disasters and repeated pirate attacks wreaked havoc on the area, and the city lost its importance by the time of

536-519: A tree-model), or are due to the effects of a sprachbund , is disputed. Carian is known from these sources: Text in Carian: Kaunusa tiñ árdajós martaša arpandab tarśñpi mašina xrá́m za Prior to the late 20th century the language remained a total mystery even though many characters of the script seemed to be from the Greek alphabet . Using Greek phonetic values of letters investigators of

603-647: A well-preserved example of late Crusader architecture in the eastern Mediterranean. The Knights Hospitaller ( Knights of St. John ) were given permission to build it by the Ottoman sultan Mehmed I after Tamerlane destroyed their previous fortress in İzmir 's inner bay. In 1522, Suleiman the Magnificent conquered the base of the Crusader knights on the island of Rhodes , who then relocated first briefly to Sicily and later permanently to Malta , leaving

670-464: Is a region of western Anatolia between the ancient regions of Lycia and Lydia , a name possibly first mentioned in Hittite sources. Carian is closely related to Lycian and Milyan (Lycian B), and both are closely related to, though not direct descendants of, Luwian . Whether the correspondences between Luwian, Carian, and Lycian are due to direct descent (i.e. a language family as represented by

737-706: Is also home to the endangered and internationally protected Mediterranean monk seal . Bodrum is twinned with: Carian language The Carian language is an extinct language of the Luwic subgroup of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family , spoken by the Carians . The known corpus is small, and the majority comes from Egypt . Circa 170 Carian inscriptions from Egypt are known, whilst only circa 30 are known from Caria itself. Caria

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804-530: Is around 15 °C (59 °F) in winter and 34 °C (93 °F) in summer, with many sunny spells. Summers are very hot and mostly sunny, and winters are mild and humid. As of 2019 the record high was 46.8°C (116.2°F) in July 2017. The Castle of St. Peter , also known as Bodrum Castle, is one of the main attractions of the peninsula. The castle was built by the Knights Hospitaller during

871-527: Is associated with the bug and scorpion repellent properties of lime, which is found in white paint. It is also traditionally applied in most hot regions for heat-reflecting properties of white color. Blue is also believed by locals to protect against the malicious effects of envy (similar to the Anatolian belief Nazar , originated in Mesopotamia ). According to Muğla Municipality, in order to acquire

938-512: Is composed of the mayor, four deputy mayors, and 18 directorates. Bodrum Municipality served as the sole district municipality in the Bodrum region for many years. With the increase in the population of the peninsula, a town municipality called Karatoprak ( Turgutreis ) was established in 1967. The increase in the population also led to the establishment of the Mumcular (1972), Yalıkavak (1989), and Gündoğan Municipalities (1992). Following

1005-641: Is non-stop. The port has ferries to other nearby Turkish and Greek ports and islands. Bodrum has three large marinas and cruise berths. The first marina, Milta, is located in the center of Bodrum. The second marina is located in Turgutreis, and the third, Palmarina, in Yalikavak. Luxury marina Yalikavak Marina near Bodrum was long in the hands of Mübariz Mansimov , a Turkish-Azerbaijani oligarch and shipping magnate until Erdogan handed management over to Mehmet Ağar , his former interior minister. After 2022,

1072-768: Is one of 957 in Turkey. It is in Muğla Province , which is part of the Aydin Subregion , which, in turn, is part of the Aegean Region . Bodrum became a sub-district of the Ottoman Empire in 1871 and a district of Muğla Province in 1872. Bodrum Municipality operates with its 18 directorates and subsidiary units in the entire Bodrum Peninsula, which covers an area of 689 km and a coastline of 215 km. The organizational structure of Bodrum Municipality

1139-403: Is the name of the deceased. Personal names in Carian were usually written as "A, [son] of B" (where B is in the genitive, formally recognizable from its genitival ending -ś). For example: In funeral inscriptions the father's name is often accompanied by the relative pronoun k̂i , "who, who is": The formula may then be extended by a substantive like 'grave', ' stele ', 'monument'; by the name of

1206-543: Is the same. The reason for this might be that the Carians originally developed an alphabet consisting of consonants only (like the Phoenician and Hieroglyphic alphabets before them), and later added the vowel signs, borrowed from a Greek alphabet . The Carian alphabet consisted of about 34 characters: In Caria inscriptions are usually written from left to right, but most texts from Egypt are written right-to-left; in

1273-405: Is the tomb of Tur..." [Ἀ]ριστοκλε̂ς ἐπ[οίε̄] Greek: Aristokles epoie — "Made by Aristocles." The word 𐊰𐊠𐊵 san is equivalent to τόδε and evidences the Anatolian language assibilation , parallel to Luwian za-, "this". If 𐊸𐋅𐊠𐊰 śjas is not exactly the same as Σε̂μα Sēma it is roughly equivalent. The Achaean Greeks arriving in small numbers on the coasts of Anatolia in

1340-579: The Bodrum International Biennial since 2014. Bodrum Baroque Music Festival is another, annual, music event held in the city. There are no civilian airports located in the district's borders and Milas–Bodrum Airport and Kos Island International Airport are the main airports that serve the city. Milas–Bodrum Airport is located 36 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Bodrum, with both domestic and international flights. Kos Island International Airport, 70 kilometres (43 mi) to

1407-535: The Byzantine era . The Knights Hospitaller arrived in 1402 and used the remains of the Mausoleum as a quarry to build Bodrum Castle . After the conquest of Rhodes by Suleiman the Magnificent in 1522, the town fell under Ottoman control as the Knights Hospitaller relocated to Europe. By the 20th century, the town's economy was mainly based on fishing and sponge diving , but tourism has become

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1474-640: The Late Bronze Age found them occupied by a population that did not speak Greek and were generally involved in political relationships with the Hittite Empire . After the fall of the latter the region became the target of heavy immigration by Ionian and Dorian Greeks who enhanced Greek settlements and founded or refounded major cities. They assumed for purposes of collaboration new regional names based on their previous locations: Ionia , Doris . The writers born in these new cities reported that

1541-469: The ancient Greek architects Satyros , Pythis , and the sculptors Bryaxis , Scopas , Leochares , and Timotheus to build a monument and a tomb for him. The word " mausoleum " derives from the structure of this tomb. It was a temple-like structure decorated with reliefs and statuary on a massive base. Today only the foundations and a few pieces of sculpture remain. Alexander the Great laid siege to

1608-574: The 15th century, and the walls of the fortification contain pieces of the ruins of the Mausoleum, which was used as a source of construction materials. The Castle of Bodrum retains its original design and character of the Knights' period and reflects Gothic architecture . It also contains the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology , a museum established by the Turkish government in 1962 to host

1675-518: The 1950s around the writer Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı , who first came here in exile two decades previously and was charmed by the town to the point of adopting the pen name Halikarnas Balıkçısı ('The Fisherman of Halicarnassus'). Bodrum has a hot summer Mediterranean climate ( Csa in the Köppen climate classification and Cshl in the Trewartha climate classification ). The average temperature

1742-497: The 19th and 20th centuries were unable to make headway and erroneously classified the language as non- Indo-European . A breakthrough was reached in the 1980s, using bilingual funerary inscriptions (Carian-Egyptian) from Egypt ( Memphis and Sais ). By matching personal names in Carian characters with their counterparts in Egyptian hieroglyphs, John D. Ray , Diether Schürr , and Ignacio J. Adiego were able to unambiguously derive

1809-464: The Aegean region can be traced back at least 3,000 years, modern sponge diving became prevalent in Bodrum after Koan and Cretan immigrants settled in the city in the early 1920s, after the population exchange between Greece and Turkey . During its golden age between 1945 and 1965, about 150 boats engaged in sponge diving activities in Bodrum. However, sponge diseases, artificial sponge production, and

1876-616: The Bodrum Peninsula to 11. After Muğla Province received metropolitan municipality status, these town municipalities were abolished, and all towns across the province were integrated into the city of Bodrum. Since March 30, 2014, the peninsula has been governed as a sole municipality. There are 56 neighbourhoods in Bodrum District: During the 20th century, the city's economy was mainly based on fishing and sponge diving. Even though naked sponge diving in

1943-710: The Castle of Saint Peter and Bodrum to the Ottoman Empire . Bodrum was a quiet town of fishermen and sponge divers until the early 20th century. From 1867 until 1922, it was part of the Aidin Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire . In the 1923 population exchange , the Greeks of Bodrum settled in Nea Alikarnassos , Crete in exchange for Muslims of Crete . In her book Bodrum , Fatma Mansur points out that

2010-529: The Greek equivalent in parentheses. An epenthetic schwa to break up clusters may have been unwritten. Carian nouns are inflected for at least three cases: nominative, accusative, and genitive. The dative case is assumed to be present also, based on related Anatolian languages and the frequency of dedicatory inscriptions, but its form is quite unclear. All Anatolian languages also distinguish between animate and inanimate noun genders. Features that help identify

2077-527: The Greeks, some of whom attempted to give etymologies in words they said were Carian. For the most part they still remain a mystery. Writing disappeared in the Greek Dark Ages but no earlier Carian writing has survived. When inscriptions, some bilingual, began to appear in the 7th century BCE it was already some hundreds of years after the city-naming phase. The earlier Carian may not have been exactly

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2144-585: The SW, located in Andimachia , Greece , accessible by boats from Bodrum across a 20 kilometres (12 mi) stretch of the Aegean Sea . Aside from year-round flights to Greek destinations, Kos airport's traffic is seasonal. Built in 1987, Bodrum-Imsik Airport once served the city before its closure to commercial flights in the late 1990s. Due to financial and legal problems caused by a landownership dispute,

2211-507: The Triopian Apollo . In the early 5th century, Halicarnassus was under the sway of Artemisia I of Caria (also known as Artemesia of Halicarnassus ), who made herself famous as a naval commander at the battle of Salamis . Little is known of Pisindalis, her son and successor; but Lygdamis , the tyrant of Halicarnassus, who next attained power, is notorious for having the poet Panyasis put to death and forcing Herodotus , possibly

2278-464: The airport was sold to Presidency of Defense Industries in 1997. It is currently being operated as an air base . The main bus station of Bodrum district used to be located in the city center, but this has changed in 2021 when it was moved to a newly-built facility in Torba , around 6 km away from the town to ease traffic jams in the city center during the high season. The old bus station still has

2345-460: The city after his arrival in the Carian lands and, together with his ally, Queen Ada of Caria , captured it after fighting in 334 BC. After Alexander's death, the rule of the city passed to Antigonus I (311 BC), Lysimachus (after 301 BC), and the Ptolemies (281–197 BC) and was briefly an independent kingdom until 129 BC, when it came under Roman rule. A series of earthquakes destroyed much of

2412-648: The city hosts a few shopping malls, such as Midtown and Oasis. There are also marinas for yachts and small ships, such as Milta Bodrum Marina, D-Marin Turgutreis, and the award-winning Yalıkavak Marina. The Carian Trail , which passes by Bodrum and the surrounding Kızılağaç and Pedasa ruins, attracts hikers from both inside and outside Turkey. Traditional Bodrum houses are characterized by their prismatic shapes, simple designs and locally sourced building materials like stone, wood, clay and cane. They also tend to have white dominated exterior walls with some blue parts (doors, windows). The tradition of white-washed walls

2479-517: The city, as well as the great Mausoleum, while repeated pirate attacks from the Mediterranean wreaked further havoc on the area. By the time of the early Christian Byzantine era, when Halicarnassus was an important bishopric, there was little left of the shining city of Mausoluos. Crusader Knights arrived in 1402 and used the remains of the Mausoleum as a quarry to build the still impressively standing Bodrum Castle ( Castle of Saint Peter ),

2546-489: The district's history. 95% of forest fires in Turkey are believed to be caused by human activities and there are concerns that forests are deliberately being set on fire to enlarge the city. The ruling party AKP has been criticized in the media for giving building permits to construct new hotels on burnt and deforested areas. Wild boars and foxes are prevalent in the area, as are other animals such as pygmy cormorants , Dalmatian pelicans and lesser kestrels . The region

2613-487: The grandfather ("A, [son] of B, [son] of C"); other familial relations ("mother of ..., son of ...", etc.); profession ("astrologer, interpreter"); or ethnicity or city of origin. Example: The Athenian Bilingual Inscription Σε̂μα τόδε : Τυρ[ Greek: Sema tode Tyr — "This is the tomb of Tur...," Καρὸς τô Σκύλ[ακος] Greek: Karos to Skylakos — "the Carian, the son of Scylax" () 𐊸𐋅𐊠𐊰 : 𐊰𐊠𐊵 𐊭𐊲𐊥[ Carian: Śjas: san Tur[ "This

2680-566: The interdistrict buses, but intercity bus services to other locations in Turkey were redirected to the new station. The new station is powered by solar power , and contains 6 electric car charging units , which was described to be a first for a bus terminal in Turkey by the Muğla Mayor Osman Gürün . Most of the public transportation in the city is based on local shared taxis called " dolmuş ". Each of these privately owned minibuses displays their particular route on signboards behind

2747-474: The language as Anatolian include the asigmatic nominative (without the Indo-European nominative ending *-s) but -s for a genitive ending: 𐊿𐊸𐊫𐊦 wśoλ , 𐊿𐊸𐊫𐊦𐊰 wśoλ-s . The similarity of the basic vocabulary to other Anatolian languages also confirms this e.g. 𐊭𐊺𐊢 ted "father"; 𐊺𐊵 en "mother". A variety of dative singular endings have been proposed, including zero-marked and -i/-e suffixation. No inanimate stem has been securely identified but

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2814-849: The latter case each character is written mirrorwise. Some, mostly short, inscriptions have word dividers: vertical strokes, dots, spaces or linefeeds. In the chart below, the Carian letter is given, followed by the transcription. Where the transcription differs from IPA, the phonetic value is given in brackets. Many Carian phonemes were represented by multiple letter forms in various locations. The Egypto-Carian dialect seems to have preserved semivowels w, j, and ý lost or left unwritten in other varieties . Two Carian letters have unknown phonetic values: 𐊱 and 𐋆. The letter 𐊶 τ 2 may have been equivalent to 𐋇 τ. 𐊳 ñ [n̩, n̚] 𐊰 s 𐊶 τ 2 [t͡ʃ]? 𐊦, 𐊣 λ [l:, ld] 𐋃, 𐋉 ĺ [l]? Phonemes attested in Egypto-Carian only. Across

2881-477: The main industry in Bodrum since the late 20th century. The abundance of visitors has also contributed to Bodrum's retail and service industry. Milas–Bodrum Airport and Kos International Airport are the main airports that serve the town. The port has ferries to other nearby Turkish and Greek ports and islands, Kos being the most important. Most of the public transportation in the town is based on local share taxis and buses. The modern name Bodrum derives from

2948-435: The marina became a safe haven for fleeing Russian oligarchs, like Roman Abramovich . Maquis shrubland biome , which is the typical vegetation of the Mediterranean climate, is widespread in Bodrum, especially near the coast. Forests cover 61.3% of the district. Conifers such as pines, larches, stone pines, cedars and junipers are the dominant trees in the region. Forested areas are prone to wildfires , which are common in

3015-462: The most well-known Halicarnassian, to leave his native city ( c.  457 BC ). The city later fell under Persian rule. Under the Persians, it was the capital city of the satrapy of Caria , the region that long afterward constituted its hinterland and of which it was the principal port. Its strategic location ensured that the city enjoyed considerable autonomy. Archaeological evidence from

3082-407: The new municipality law of 1999, many villages in Bodrum were turned into towns: Ortakent-Yahşi with the integration of Ortakent and Yahşi villages, Göltürkbükü with the integration of Gölköy, and Türkbükü and Yalı with the integration of Yalı and Kızılağaç villages. The same year, the municipalities of Gümüşlük , Konacık , and Bitez were also founded, raising the number of municipalities in

3149-456: The nominative and accusative are probably attested: The relative pronoun k̂j, k̂i , originally 'who, that, which', has in Carian usually developed into a particle introducing complements. Example: No undisputable verbal forms have yet been discovered in Carian. If verbal conjugation in Carian resembles the other Anatolian languages, one would expect 3rd person singular or plural forms, in both present and preterite , to end in -t or -d , or

3216-416: The other Anatolian languages like Lycian , Milyan , or Lydian . A striking feature of Carian is the presence of large consonant clusters, due to a tendency to not write short vowels. Examples: The sound values of the Carian alphabetic signs are very different from those in the usual Greek alphabets. Only four vowels signs are the same as in Greek (A = α, H = η, O = ο, Y = υ/ου), but not a single consonant

3283-451: The people among whom they had settled were called Carians and spoke a language that was "barbarian", "barbaric" or "barbarian-sounding" (i.e. not Greek). No clue has survived from these writings as to what exactly the Greeks might mean by "barbarian". The reportedly Carian names of the Carian cities did not and do not appear to be Greek. Such names as Andanus, Myndus, Bybassia, Larymna, Chysaoris, Alabanda, Plarasa and Iassus were puzzling to

3350-440: The period, such as the recently discovered Salmakis ( Kaplankalesi ) Inscription, now in Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology , attests to the particular pride its inhabitants had developed. Mausolus ruled Caria from here, nominally on behalf of the Persians but practically independently, for much of his reign from 377 to 353 BC. When he died in 353 BC, Artemisia II of Caria , who was both his sister and his widow, employed

3417-572: The phonetic value of most Carian signs. It turned out that not a single Carian consonant sign has the same phonetic value as signs of similar shape in the Greek alphabet. By 1993 the so-called "Ray-Schürr-Adiego System" was generally accepted, and its basic correctness was confirmed in 1996 when in Kaunos (Caria) a new Greek-Carian bilingual was discovered, where the Carian names nicely matched their Greek counterparts. The language turned out to be Indo-European, its vocabulary and grammar closely related to

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3484-543: The pirates mentioned in classical texts. The Carians who fought for Troy (if they did) were not classical Carians any more than the Greeks there were classical Greeks. Being penetrated by larger numbers of Greeks and under the domination from time to time of the Ionian League , Caria eventually Hellenized and Carian became a dead language . The interludes under the Persian Empire perhaps served only to delay

3551-571: The place's name. It has been proposed that the -καρνασσός ( -karnassos ) part is cognate with Luwian word " ha+ra/i-na-sà ", which means fortress. If so, the city's ancient name was probably borrowed from Carian , a Luwic language native to pre-Greek Western Anatolia . The Carian name for Halicarnassus has been tentatively identified with 𐊠𐊣𐊫𐊰 𐊴𐊠𐊥𐊵𐊫𐊰 ( alos k̂arnos) in inscriptions. Halicarnassus ( Ancient Greek : Ἁλικαρνᾱσσός , romanized :  Halikarnassós , or Ἀλικαρνασσός Alikarnassós ; Turkish : Halikarnas ),

3618-479: The presence of a large community of bilingual Cretan Turks , coupled with the conditions of free trade and access to the southern Dodecanese islands until 1935, made the town less provincial. The fact that traditional agriculture was not a very rewarding activity in the rather dry peninsula also prevented the formation of a class of large landowners. Bodrum has no notable history of political or religious extremism. A first nucleus of intellectuals started to form after

3685-592: The ruins into an open-air museum . Besides the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology, other museums are also located on the peninsula. Zeki Müren Art Museum is dedicated to Turkish classical musician Zeki Müren . After his death, the house in Bodrum where he lived during the later years of his life was transformed into the Zeki Müren Art Museum by order of the Ministry of Culture and

3752-497: The same. The local development of Carian excludes some other theories as well: it was not widespread in the Aegean, is not related to Etruscan , was not written in any ancient Aegean scripts, and was not a substrate Aegean language . Its occurrence in various places of Classical Greece is due only to the travel habits of Carians , who apparently became co-travellers of the Ionians . The Carian cemetery of Delos probably represents

3819-424: The second word, uiomλn , to be the verbal form, 'they decided'. Several more words ending in a nasal are suspected to be verbal forms, for example mδane , mlane , mλn (cf. uio-mλn ), 'they vowed, offered (?)', pisñ , 'they gave (?)'. However, to make such nasal endings fit in with the usual Anatolian verb paradigm (with 3rd person plural preterite endings in -(n)t/-(n)d , from * -onto ), one would have to assume

3886-484: The suffix -n may be reconstructed based on the inherited pattern. Alternatively, a zero ending may be derived from the historical * -od . The ablative (or locative?) case is suspected in one phrase (𐊠𐊣𐊫𐊰𐊾 𐊴𐊠𐊥𐊵𐊫𐊰𐊾 alosδ k̂arnosδ "from/in Halicarnassus (?)"), perhaps originally a clitic derived from the preverb δ "in, into" < PIE *endo . Of the demonstrative pronouns s(a)- and a- , 'this',

3953-573: The title Antheadae . The Carian name for Halicarnassus has been tentatively identified with Alosδkarnosδ in inscriptions. In an early period, Halicarnassus was a member of the Doric Hexapolis , which included Kos , Cnidus , Lindos , Kameiros , and Ialysus ; but it was expelled from the league when one of its citizens, Agasicles, took home the prize tripod that he had won in the Triopian games instead of dedicating it according to custom to

4020-499: The town's medieval name Petronium , which has its roots in the Hospitaller Castle of St. Peter . In classical antiquity , Bodrum was known as Halicarnassus ( Ancient Greek : Ἁλικαρνασσός , Turkish : Halikarnas ), a major city in ancient Caria . The suffix - ασσός ( -assos ) of Greek Ἁλικαρνᾱσσός is indicative of a substrate toponym, meaning that an original non-Greek name influenced or established

4087-533: The underwater discoveries of ancient shipwrecks in the Aegean Sea . In 2016, the castle was included in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey . The castle has been under renovation since 2017, and only some parts of it are accessible to visitors. Built in the fourth century BC, the ruins of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus are also among the main sights in Bodrum. The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

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4154-472: The various sites where inscriptions have been found, the two lateral phonemes /l/ and /λ/ contrast but may be represented by different letters of the Carian script 𐊣/𐋎, 𐊦, and 𐋃/𐋉 depending on the location. The letter 𐋉 (formerly transcribed <ŕ>) is now seen as an Egyptian variant of 𐋃 <ĺ>. In the chart below, the Carian letter for each vowel is followed by the conventional transcription with

4221-590: The vicinity. The Yalıkavak area has been inhabited since around the second millennium BCE . Formerly the Bodrum area’s main sponge diving port, Yalikavak is now a tourism hub and location for many holiday residences. The town has a bustling centre with weekly markets (Tuesdays produce, Thursdays textiles and household items) and numerous shops and restaurants. In 2009 Yalikavak hosted the RS:X Youth World Championships in windsurfing, with 109 competitors taking part. The Yalıkavak Marina,

4288-472: The windscreens. The word derives from the Turkish for "full" or "stuffed", as these shared taxis depart from the terminal only when a sufficient number of passengers have boarded. Apart from these minibuses Muğla Municipality also has a scheduled bus service program between towns on the Bodrum peninsula. Public transportation between major towns such as Gümbet , Bitez , Turgutreis and the main bus station

4355-541: Was a tomb designed by Greek architects and built for Mausolus , a satrap of the Persian Empire , and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria . The structure was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World ,. By the 12th century CE, the structure had largely been destroyed. Today, the ruins of the tomb continue to attract both domestic and international tourists. It is planned to turn

4422-483: Was an ancient Greek city at the site of modern Bodrum in Turkey . Halicarnassus was founded by Dorian Greeks, and the figures on its coins, such as the head of Medusa , Athena , Poseidon , and the trident , support the statement that the mother cities were Troezen and Argos . The inhabitants appear to have accepted Anthes , a son of Poseidon, as their legendary founder, as mentioned by Strabo , and were proud of

4489-418: Was opened to the public on June 8, 2000. Bodrum Maritime Museum is another museum dedicated to the classification, exhibition, restoration, conservation, storage, and safekeeping of historical documents, works, and objects that are important to the city's maritime history. Bodrum City Museum is a minor museum in the city center that presents the general history of the Bodrum peninsula. The district of Bodrum

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