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25-655: The Bjelovar-Križevci County shared borders with the Hungarian county of Somogy , and the Croatian-Slavonian counties of Virovitica , Požega , Varaždin , and Zagreb . The river Drava formed its northeastern border. Its area was 5,048 km (1,949 sq mi) around 1910. The territory of the Bjelovar-Križevci County was part of the Kingdom of Croatia when it entered a personal union with

50-537: A center of research by Hungarian biologists, geologists, hydrologists, and other scientists, leading to the country's first biological research institute being built on its shore in 1927. The last major German offensive of World War II , Operation Spring Awakening , was conducted in the region of Lake Balaton in March 1945, being referred to as "the Lake Balaton Offensive" in many British histories of

75-413: A few settlements on Lake Balaton, including Balatonfüred and Hévíz , have long been resort centres for the Hungarian aristocracy, it was only in the late 19th century that the Hungarian middle class began to visit the lake. The construction of railways in 1861 and 1909 increased tourism substantially, but the post-war boom of the 1950s was much larger. By the turn of the 20th century, Balaton had become

100-400: A population of 345,586 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: In 1910, the county had a population of 365,961 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of

125-538: Is a freshwater rift lake in the Transdanubian region of Hungary . It is the largest lake in Central Europe , and one of the region's foremost tourist destinations. The Zala River provides the largest inflow of water to the lake, and the canalized Sió is the only outflow. The mountainous region of the northern shore is known both for its historic character and as a major wine region , while

150-497: Is a historical district. Badacsony is a volcanic mountain and wine-growing region as well as a lakeside resort. The lake is almost completely surrounded by separated bike lanes to facilitate bicycle tourism. Although the peak season at the lake is the summer, Balaton is also frequented during the winter, when visitors go ice-fishing or even skate, sledge, or ice-sail on the lake if it freezes over. Sármellék International Airport provides air service to Balaton (although most service

175-474: Is known for attracting young people to it because of its large clubs. Keszthely is the site of the Festetics Palace and Balatonfüred is a historical bathing town which hosts the annual Anna Ball . The peak tourist season extends from June until the end of August. The average water temperature during the summer is 25 °C (77 °F), which makes bathing and swimming popular on the lake. Most of

200-651: The Bjelovar and Križevci Counties. The remainder of the Croatian and Slavonian Military Frontiers were incorporated in 1881, which led to a final restructuring of the counties in 1886; Bjelovar-Križevci County was formed from almost all of the Bjelovar and Križevci Counties. In 1920 by the Treaty of Trianon the county became part of the newly formed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later renamed to Yugoslavia) and

225-519: The Bulgarians and the Moravians. The German name for the lake is Plattensee . It is unlikely it was given that name for being shallow because the adjective platt is a Greek loanword that was borrowed via French and entered general German vocabulary in the 17th century. It is also noteworthy that the average depth of Balaton (3.2 m or 10 ft) is not extraordinary for

250-577: The Eastern Bloc . West Germans could also visit, making Balaton a common meeting place for families and friends separated by the Berlin Wall until 1989. The major resorts around the lake are Siófok , Keszthely , and Balatonfüred . Zamárdi , another resort town on the southern shore, has been the site of Balaton Sound , a notable electronic music festival since 2007. Balatonkenese has hosted numerous traditional gastronomic events. Siófok

275-607: The Slavic prince Pribina began to build a fortress as his seat of power and several churches in the region of Lake Balaton, in the territory of modern Zalavár surrounded by forests and swamps along the Zala River . His well-fortified castle and capital of the Lower Pannonian Principality became known as Blatnohrad or Moosburg (literally, 'Swamp Fortress'), and it served as a bulwark against both

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300-639: The Kingdom of Hungary in 1102, and with it Križevci County  [ hr ] became part of the Habsburg monarchy in 1526. However, by then most of the territory of the later county had become part of Ottoman Hungary and remained so until the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699. After that this area became part of the Military Frontier as the Varaždin Generalate , centred on Bjelovar, which

325-418: The area (cf. the average depth of the neighbouring Neusiedler See , which is roughly 1 m or 3.3 ft). Lake Balaton affects precipitation in the local area. The area receives approximately 5–7 cm (2–3 in) more precipitation than most of Hungary, resulting in more cloudy days and less extreme temperatures. The lake freezes over during winters. The microclimate around Lake Balaton has also made

350-411: The beaches consist of either grass, rocks, or the silty sand that also makes up most of the bottom of the lake. Many resorts have artificial sandy beaches and all beaches have step access to the water. Other tourist attractions include sailing, fishing, and other water sports, as well as visiting the countryside and hills, wineries on the north coast, and nightlife on the south shore. The Tihany Peninsula

375-440: The county had a population of 332,592 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: According to the census of 1910, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Belovár-Kőrös county were: Somogy County (former) Somogy was an administrative county ( comitatus ) of the Kingdom of Hungary . Its territory, which

400-401: The flat southern shore is known for its resort towns . Balatonfüred and Hévíz developed early as resorts for the wealthy, but it was not until the late 19th century when landowners, ruined by Phylloxera attacking their grape vines , began building summer homes to rent out to the burgeoning middle class. In distinction to all other Hungarian endonyms for lakes, which universally bear

425-461: The following religious communities: Total: The city of Siófok , which was in Somogy county before the 1850s, reverted from Veszprém county to Somogy county before World War II. After World War II, the district of Szigetvár went to Baranya county. In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Somogy county were: Lake Balaton Lake Balaton ( Hungarian: [ˈbɒlɒton] )

450-476: The lake. The river Drava (Hungarian: Dráva) formed most of its southern border. Its area was 6530 km around 1910. In the 10th century, the Hungarian Nyék tribe occupied the region around Lake Balaton , mainly the areas which are known today as Zala and Somogy counties. Somogy County arose as one of the first comitatuses of the Kingdom of Hungary , in the 11th century. In 1900, the county had

475-647: The number of overnight guests in local hotels and campsites to increase from 700,000 in July 1965 to two million in July 1975. The number of weekend visitors to the region, including tens of thousands from Budapest, reached more than 600,000 by 1975. It was visited by ordinary working Hungarians, and especially for subsidised holiday excursions by National Council of Trade Union ( Hungarian : SZOT: Szakszervezetek Országos Tanácsának ) members to exclusive hotels and small resorts ( Hungarian : üdülő ingatlan ) for them. It also attracted many East Germans and other residents of

500-553: The region ideal for viticulture . The Mediterranean-like climate, combined with the soil (containing volcanic rock), has made the region notable for its production of wines since the Roman period 2,000 years ago. It always has been an important location, both tactically and culturally(with many folk tales surrounding it). During the Ottoman wars played an important role in defending Royal Hungary where even battles were fought. While

525-562: The suffix -tó 'lake', Lake Balaton is referred to in Hungarian with a definite article; that is, a Balaton 'the Balaton'. It was called lacus Pelsodis or Pelso by the Romans . The name is Indo-European in origin, derived from Slavic * bolto (Czech bláto , Slovak blato , Polish błoto ), meaning 'mud, swamp' (from earlier Proto-Slavic boltьno , cf. Slovene : Blatno jezero , Slovak : Blatenské jazero ). In January 846,

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550-556: The war. The battle was a German attack by Sepp Dietrich 's Sixth Panzer Army and the Hungarian Third Army between 6 and 16 March 1945, and in the end, resulted in a Red Army victory. Several Ilyushin Il-2 wrecks have been pulled out of the lake after having been shot down during the later months of the war. During the 1960s and 1970s, Balaton became a major tourist destination due to focused government efforts, causing

575-503: Was formally abolished in 1922 when the Vidovdan Constitution came into force. Since 1991, when Croatia became independent from Yugoslavia , the county has been part of Croatia . In 1900, the county had a population of 303,620 people and was composed of the following linguistic communities: Total: According to the census of 1900, the county was composed of the following religious communities: Total: In 1910,

600-401: Was slightly larger than that of present Somogy county, is now in south-western Hungary . The capital of the county was Kaposvár . Somogy County shared borders with the Hungarian counties of Zala , Veszprém , Tolna , Baranya , Verőce and Belovár-Körös (the latter two part of Croatia - Slavonia ). It extended along the southern shore of Lake Balaton and encompassed the region south of

625-714: Was subdivided into the Križevci and Đurđevac districts. Following the compromise of 1867 which established Austria-Hungary from the Austrian Empire several waves of administrative restructuring took place. In 1871 the Varaždin Generalate was dissolved and it territory integrated into Croatia-Slavonia. This territory, plus parts of the Križevci County and the Kutina exclave of Požega County were reconstituted as

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