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40-705: Pālamanui Community Forest (also known as the Pālamanui Forest Preserve ) is a forest preserve located in Kailua-Kona on the island of Hawaii . It is collaboratively managed by two state government entities: the University of Hawaiʻi and the Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources Division of Forestry and Wildlife. The government's goal is preserving Hawaii's lowland tropical dry forest, protecting plant species that are endemic to

80-471: A female householder with no husband present, and 31.3% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.26. In Kailua-Kona the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

120-805: A popular snorkeling location. Boat tours that allow tourists to watch dolphins and whales, swim with manta rays, turtles and fish in the ocean usually depart from the Kailua-Kona pier or nearby Honokohau and Keauhou harbors. Kailua-Kona is served by television station KLEI and by the newspaper West Hawaii Today , which is owned by Canadian publisher Black Press Media (Black Press Group Ltd.)—also known simply as Black Press—whose headquarters are in Surrey, British Columbia , Canada . The Hawaii Department of Education operates public schools. Kealakehe Elementary School, Kahakai Elementary School, Kealakehe Intermediate School, and Kealakehe High School are in

160-560: A small fishing village. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the region has undergone a real estate and construction boom fueled by tourism and investment. In 2014, the Pālamanui Community Forest preserve was created in Kailua-Kona with a goal of preserving and protecting the native trees of Hawai’i. Kailua-Kona is located at 19°39′0″N 155°59′39″W  /  19.65000°N 155.99417°W  / 19.65000; -155.99417 (19.649973, −155.994028), along

200-505: Is a polytheistic animistic religion. Its beliefs encompass the presence of spirits in objects such as the waves and the sky. The Hawaiian religion believes in four gods; Kāne , Kanaloa , Kū , and Lono . Kāne is the God of creation, Kanaloa is the God of the ocean, Ku is the God of war and male pursuits, and Lono is the God of peace, rain, and fertility. They also believe in forty male gods (ka hā), four hundred gods and goddesses (ke kanahā),

240-616: Is a sacred process of the Earth being reborn. This is a time to pray, sing, and give offerings to Pele, the goddess of the volcano. The Hawaiian religion is protected under the American Indian Religious Freedom Act . Mele are the Hawaiian poems and songs. Ole are chants. Mele and ole are important parts of Hawaiian rituals. Portuguese, Mexicans, and Spanish brought musical instruments such as

280-463: Is bordered to the north by Kalaoa , to the south by Holualoa , and to the west by the Pacific Ocean from Kailua Bay in the south to Honokohau Bay in the north. The Kailua-Kona postal code is 96740 (post office boxes – 96745). Kailua-Kona has a tropical, semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSh ) with warm temperatures year-round, typical of its latitude in the tropics. It is the warmest place in

320-511: Is generally between 50% and 70%. Kailua-Kona is generally dry, with an average annual precipitation of 18.93 inches (481 mm). Mornings are typically clear, while thermal clouds created in the day raise the temperature during the day. Vog can cover parts of the Kona coast from time to time depending on the activity of the Kilauea volcano and the island winds. Kailua-Kona is located on

360-503: Is now practiced and recognized around the world, a very limited repertoire has been brought to mainstream culture. Much of the world views Hula as a fitness trend and cultural dance, but the genre has a much greater significance to the Hawaiian people, telling the stories of generations past. Polynesians traveled to Hawaii and throughout the Pacific region on voyaging canoes of their own design, navigating using only their senses, observing

400-480: The ukulele and the guitar that Hawaiians adopted. As Hawaiian music evolved, music using these instruments found worldwide popularity, beginning in the 1920s. Hawaiians invented the slack-key guitar and steel guitar , instruments that were soon distributed across the world. First contact came in 1778 with an expedition led by James Cook , although possibly as early as 1542 with an expedition led by Ruy López de Villalobos . Christian missionaries arrived in

440-418: The epicenter of the 2006 Kiholo Bay earthquake . Kailua-Kona's boundaries were altered significantly for the 2020 census . The eastern portion of Kailua-Kona became part of the neighboring Holualoa CDP, while the western portion of Holualoa became part of Kailua-Kona. The community was established by King Kamehameha I to be his seat of government when he was chief of Kona before he consolidated rule of

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480-474: The leeward side of the Hualalai Volcano, sheltering the town from wind and rain. As of the census of 2000 , there were 9,870 people, 3,537 households, and 2,429 families residing in Kailua-Kona. The population density was 278.0 inhabitants per square mile (107.3/km ). There were 4,322 housing units at an average density of 121.7 units per square mile (47.0 units/km ). The racial makeup of

520-469: The new Hawaii Community College Palamanui Campus in 2015. Since the early 2000s the Kona side had seen significant amounts of vog from Puʻu ʻŌʻō and Kīlauea , but that changed in May 2018 when Kilauea largely ceased its emissions. Kailua-Kona's air is clearer than it has been in decades. Kailua-Kona is the host of the annual Ironman World Championship triathlon, the annual Kona Coffee Festival, and

560-520: The poverty line . Out of the total population, 11.9% of those under the age of 18 and 3.9% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. Kailua-Kona saw an economic downturn during the 2008 national financial crisis but in the early 2010s has seen significant growth and economic development. Tourism also saw a downturn in the late 2000s but has since seen some resurgence. Visitor air arrivals alone increased about 160% from 2010 to 2017. The University of Hawaiʻi held its first classes at

600-714: The Hawaiian International Billfish Tournament. Kona coffee is the variety of Coffea arabica cultivated on the slopes of Hualālai and Mauna Loa in the North and South Kona Districts . The Kona Historical Society manages two coffee related historical sites: the Kona Coffee Living History Farm and the H.N. Greenwell Store Museum just south of Kailua-Kona. Ali'i Drive , Kailua's oceanfront downtown street, starts at Kailua-Kona Pier. It has also been given

640-525: The Hawaiian Kingdom there were many attempts to extinguish Hawaiian language and culture during the early 20th century. Hula, Hawaiian, paddling, and music were all frowned upon. Hawaiian children were sent to missionary schools where they were taught in English and barred from speaking Hawaiian. English also became the language of business and government, although immigrants from Japan, Portugal,

680-521: The Hawaiian lifestyle. The introduction of Christianity led to the overthrow of the kapu system of social stratification. Changes in traditional Hawaiian diet and introduction of foreign disease not only drastically reduced the Native Hawaiian population. Some forms of Hawaiian culture became much more modernized and Westernized as a result of this exchange. The rise of Hula Auana aptly marks the influence of Western instruments and styles on Hula as

720-627: The Kailua CDP. The University of the Nations , a Youth With A Mission training center, is in Kailua-Kona. Hawaiian culture The culture of the Native Hawaiians encompasses the social behavior , institutions , and norms practiced by the original residents of the Hawaiian islands, including their knowledge , beliefs , arts , laws , customs , capabilities, and habits . Humans are estimated to have first inhabited

760-597: The Philippines, and other places brought their languages with them. In 1898 the United States enacted the Newlands Resolution , annexing the Hawaiian islands. In 1959, following a referendum in which over 93% of Hawaiian residents voted in favor of statehood, Hawaii became the 50th state. At its height the Hawaiian population an estimated 683,000 Native Hawaiians lived in the islands. By 1900

800-484: The Pālamanui Community Forest are endemic to the Hawaiian islands. These include wiliwili , halapepe , ko’oko’olau , kauila , noho kula , maʻaloa , and ‘aiea . Several invasive plants are also located within the preserve. These include haole koa , silk oak , and fountain grass , with the goal of removing these invasive species to make room for Hawaii's native flora. In the Hawaiian kingdom before

840-461: The United States of America colonized Hawai’i – Big Island, native Hawaiians used an Ahupua’a system. This system was a traditional geologic and subdivision of land native Hawaiians used to divide land into different communities. This system allocated land from the mountains to the sea, encompassing various ecosystems that ensured sustainable resource usage and balanced community needs. In some beliefs, Ahupua’a originally started with ʻUmi-a-Līloa who

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880-495: The United States of America in January on average. The coolest month is February, with an average high temperature of 81.2 °F (27.3 °C), while the warmest is August, with an average high of 86.9 °F (30.5 °C). In addition to being the warmest place in the United States in January, it is also the city with the highest record low in the United States with an all-time low temperature of 56 °F (13 °C). Humidity

920-668: The archipelago between 124 and 1120 AD when it was settled by Polynesians who voyaged to and settled there. Polynesia is made of multiple island groups which extend from Hawaii to New Zealand across the Pacific Ocean. These voyagers developed Hawaiian cuisine , Hawaiian art , and the Native Hawaiian religion . Hula is the dance form originating in Hawaii. It derives from other Polynesian dance form. It has two basic forms: Hula Kahiko and Hula Auana . Hula Kahiko

960-403: The archipelago in 1795. It was later designated as the capital of the newly unified Kingdom of Hawaiʻi . The capital was later moved to Lāhainā , and then to Honolulu . Royal fishponds at Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park were the hub of unified Hawaiian culture . The town later functioned as a retreat of the Hawaiian royal family. Up until the late 1800s, Kailua-Kona was primarily

1000-410: The city was 38.7% White , 0.5% Black or African American , 0.5% Native American , 18.3% Asian , 13.2% Pacific Islander , 1.9% from other races , and 27.07% from two or more races. 10.2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 3,537 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 13.6% had

1040-645: The designation as a Hawaii Scenic Byway called the "Royal Footsteps Along the Kona Coast". This byway features archaeological sites that have survived for hundreds of years. North of the pier is the Kamakahonu royal residence and Ahuʻena Heiau , and nearby now stands the King Kamehameha's Kona Beach Hotel. Another royal residence is Huliheʻe Palace , used by members of the Hawaiian royal family until 1914. The Historic Kona Inn and other shops are on

1080-457: The early 1800s, and began coverting the Hawaiians to their faiths and influencing Hawaiian culture. In the 1830s, repeated interactions began between Hawaii and other cultures such as Mexican, Portuguese, and Spanish. Immediate changes could be noticed in Hawaiian culture and daily life. Many of the missionaries developed negative opinions about Hawaiian culture. After the 1893 overthrow of

1120-475: The islands of Hawaii, and reducing invasive flora species. The Pālamanui Forest Preserve was established for the goal of preserving and protecting the native trees of Hawai’i. By 2030, Governor David Ige’s goal for the forest preserve is to replant, restore and conserve these native trees and their ecosystems across the Islands. This restoration effort is seen as crucial for maintaining biodiversity and supporting

1160-454: The native population had dropped below 100,000. The Native Hawaiian population was reduced to 20% of the total due to disease, inter-marriage and migration. The diseases spread from outside Hawaii such as smallpox , cholera , influenza , and gonorrhea . Unlike Europeans, Hawaiians had no history with these diseases and their immune systems were unprepared to fight them. Overthrow and the influence of other cultures caused drastic changes in

1200-467: The natural habitats of the region. The University of Hawaiʻi and the state Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DOFAW) agreed to use the dryland forest was as an "outdoor laboratory" learning center for surrounding communities to learn about Hawaii's ecosystem and native trees. The project for this preserved forest received $ 60,000 in legislative funding to contribute to the protection of wiliwili trees with fences and weed control. Many plants located inside

1240-520: The ocean. A drainage system is created for each piece of land for water usage, and each piece of land has its own mala, or cultivated area. For each land division, an aliʻi would overlook the Ahupua’a. In the Ahupua’a divisions, Palamanui’s ‘ili (small section of land) would be located in Hamanamana, Haleohiu, Maka'ula and Kau. Kailua-Kona, Hawaii Kailua-Kona was the closest major settlement to

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1280-534: The shoreline of Kailua Bay and up the southern slope of Hualālai volcano. There are no major rivers or streams in Kailua-Kona or on the Kona side of Hawaii. According to the United States Census Bureau , the Town has a total area of 39.9 square miles (103.3 km ), of which 35.6 square miles (92.3 km ) are land and 4.2 square miles (11.0 km ), or 10.67%, are water. Kailua-Kona

1320-470: The skies, wind, water, and wildlife around them. The outrigger canoe was a common means of traveling around and between the islands. Outrigger canoe paddling spread from Hawaii to become an international sport, educating people from all over the world about Hawaiian culture. The Polynesian Voyaging Society works to preserve the skills of boat construction and navigation. They build replica canoes like traditional double-hulled canoes, sailing them across

1360-416: The spirits (na ‘unihipili), and the guardians (na ‘aumākua). Notably, Pele is the goddess of volcanos and fire. Hawaiian religion has birthed many central Hawaiian values, including respect for the 'aina (land), which stems from an emphasis on respect for Lono, the God of the land. Religion has also directed the response to volcanic eruptions and lava flows. When a volcano erupts, Hawaiians believe this

1400-498: The street. Churches on the drive include Mokuaikaua Church , Hawaiʻi's first Christian church (the congregation began in 1820), Saint Michael the Archangel Catholic Church , and Living Stones Church, a historical structure built after Mokuaikaua and used as a Christian Missionary landing location in the 1800–1900. Parks include La'aloa Bay (also known as Magic Sands or White Sands Beach) and Kahaluʻu Bay ,

1440-423: The world using Polynesian navigation methods. Their goal is to show the true strength of Polynesian voyagers, making it clear that the voyagers did not stumble upon their land by luck. The double hulled Hōkūleʻa canoe was built in the 1970s to reflect and preserve this knowledge and has since circumnavigated the earth, visiting communities and sharing knowledge since that time. The traditional Hawaiian religion

1480-449: Was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.8 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 40,874, and the median income for a family was $ 46,657. Males had a median income of $ 30,353 versus $ 26,471 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $ 20,624. 10.8% of the population and 6.5% of families were below

1520-476: Was developed prior to contact with European cultures. Hula Auana reflects European/American influences and is performed with musical instruments (like guitars) that do not originate from the Hawaiian Islands. The annual Merrie Monarch Festival celebrates Hula and gathers Hula Halau from across the world. It was created to honor King David Kalākaua , who was the last reigning king of Hawaii. He

1560-403: Was known for restoring and elevating Hula in the Hawaiian Islands after the United States missionaries arrived. The halau compete and share their knowledge of Hawaiian culture. Winners are crowned in each category, including an individual female winner, Miss Aloha Hula. Hula is more than a dance, but an art form that communicates the stories of Hawaiian politics, culture, and tradition. As hula

1600-404: Was the son of the great high chief Līloa . As the belief goes, ʻUmi-a-Līloa took over control of the land and divided it into Ahupua’a for communities to utilize. Another belief comes from communities coming together to divide land equally to share water usage. With the Ahupua’a coming together for communities, each part of land started from the top of the volcano to the bottom where the shore meets

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