25-523: Tāneatua is a small town in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island , 13 kilometres south of Whakatāne . State Highway 2 passes through the town on its route between Edgecumbe and Ōpōtiki . The small settlements of Ruatoki and Waimana are to the south and south-east of Tāneatua. The Whakatāne River runs to the west of Tāneatua, while the Tauranga River (also formerly called
50-592: A bight as a bay that could be sailed out of on a single tack in a square-rigged sailing vessel, regardless of the direction of the wind (typically meaning the apex of the bight is less than 25 degrees from the edges). According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea , an indentation with an area as large as (or larger than) that of the semi-circle whose diameter is a line drawn across
75-426: A nearly continuous stage of releasing volcanic gas at least since it was sighted by James Cook in 1769. Whakaari erupted continually from December 1975 until September 2000, marking the world's longest historic eruption episode, according to GeoNet , as well as in 2012, 2016, and 2019. The latter of these resulted in 22 deaths and 25 serious injuries, primarily of tourists from a nearby cruise ship who were exploring
100-571: Is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand 's North Island . It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi , an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed
125-671: Is part of the larger Wainui statistical area. Tāneatua had a population of 897 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 111 people (14.1%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 105 people (13.3%) since the 2006 census . There were 222 households, comprising 447 males and 447 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.0 males per female, with 291 people (32.4%) aged under 15 years, 192 (21.4%) aged 15 to 29, 345 (38.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 78 (8.7%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 17.1% European/ Pākehā , 93.3% Māori , 5.4% Pacific peoples , and 1.0% Asian . People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer
150-546: The 2006 census . There were 432 households, comprising 744 males and 753 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 33.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 405 people (27.1%) aged under 15 years, 288 (19.2%) aged 15 to 29, 651 (43.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 156 (10.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 44.1% European/ Pākehā , 67.3% Māori , 3.4% Pacific peoples , 1.0% Asian , and 0.8% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
175-497: The East Coast Main Trunk Railway , it became a branch line off the main line from Hawkens Junction, northwest of Edgecumbe. The Tāneatua railway station has been demolished. Tāneatua is described by Statistics New Zealand as a rural settlement, and covers 0.69 km (0.27 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,000 as of June 2024, with a population density of 1,449 people per km. Tāneatua
200-559: The Mātaatua tribes. Early Māori settlement also gave rise to many of the town and city names used today. The first recorded European contact came when James Cook sailed through the Bay of Plenty in 1769. Cook noted the abundance of food supplies, in comparison to Poverty Bay further back along the eastern coast of the North Island. Further reports of European contact are scarce prior to
225-549: The 1950s, as kiwifruit did later. On 5 October 2011, the MV Rena ran aground on the Astrolabe Reef in the bay causing a large oil spill , described as New Zealand's worst ever environmental disaster. A volcanic eruption occurred on Whakaari / White Island at 14:11 on 9 December 2019, which resulted in twenty fatalities and twenty-seven injuries, most suffering severe burns. Forty-seven people were reportedly on
250-719: The Tauranga iwi, including at the famous Battle of Gate Pā in 1864. Further conflict with the government arose in 1865 when German missionary Carl Völkner and interpreter James Fulloon were killed by local Māori at Ōpōtiki and Whakatāne, respectively. The ensuing conflict resulted in the confiscation of considerable land from several Bay of Plenty iwi by the government. Confiscation of Māori land deprived local iwi of economic resources (among other things), and also provided land for expanding European settlement. The government established fortified positions, including at Tauranga, Whakatāne and Ōpōtiki. European settlers arrived throughout
275-665: The Waimana River) flows south of the township and joins the Whakatāne River just to the southwest of Tāneatua. Te Kura Whare, the headquarters of the Ngāi Tūhoe tribe's representative body, Te Uru Taumatua, is on the highway at the north-western end of Tāneatua. It includes a library, gallery, archive and large tribal meeting chamber. The now closed Tāneatua Branch railway line terminated in Tāneatua. Earlier considered part of
SECTION 10
#1732802551943300-646: The abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay . The bay is defined by 259 kilometres (161 mi) of open coastline used for economic, recreational and cultural purposes. The coastline from Waihi Beach in the west to Opape is defined as sandy coast, while the coast from Opape to Cape Runaway is rocky shore. Sizeable harbours are located at Tauranga, Whakatāne and Ohiwa. Major estuaries include Maketu , Little Waihi, Whakatāne, Waiotahe and Waioeka / Ōtara . Eight major rivers empty into
325-553: The arrival of missionary Samuel Marsden to the Tauranga area in 1814. Bay whaling stations operated in the bay during the 19th century. During the 1820s and 1830s, northern iwi including Ngā Puhi invaded the Bay of Plenty during their campaign throughout the North Island, fighting local Māori tribes in what became known as the Musket Wars . However, the 1830s and 1840s saw increased contact between Bay of Plenty Māori and Europeans through trade, although few Europeans settled in
350-530: The bay from inland catchments, including the Wairoa , Kaituna , Tarawera , Rangitaiki , Whakatane , Waioeka , Motu and Raukokore rivers. The bay contains numerous islands, notably the active andesite stratovolcano Whakaari / White Island . Whakaari is New Zealand's most active cone volcano , and has been built up by continuous volcanic activity over the past 150,000 years. The nearest mainland towns are Whakatāne and Tauranga . The island has been in
375-435: The census's question about religious affiliation, 35.5% had no religion, 28.1% were Christian , 31.1% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.7% were Buddhist and 1.0% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 84 (13.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 129 (21.3%) people had no formal qualifications. 51 people (8.4%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
400-422: The descendent iwi maintain their traditional homelands ( rohe ) in the region, including Te Whānau-ā-Apanui , Te Whakatōhea , Ngāi Tai , Ngāi Tūhoe , Ngāti Awa , Ngāti Tūwharetoa ki Kawerau, Te Arawa , Ngāi Te Rangi , Ngāti Ranginui and Ngāti Pūkenga . Māori named the bay Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi), or Te Moana-a-Toi for short, after Toi-te-huatahi , an early ancestor of
425-405: The end of the century the population had started to dwindle. But after experimenting with different crops, settlers found success with dairy production. Dairy factories sprang up across the Bay of Plenty in the 1900s, with butter and cheese feeding economic prosperity throughout the early 20th century; local Māori continued to live on the fringe of this prosperity. Timber also became a major export in
450-399: The island at the time. Whakaari / White Island is roughly circular, about 2 km (1.2 mi) in diameter, and rises to a height of 321 m (1,053 ft) above sea level. It covers an area of approximately 325 ha (800 acres). The exposed island is only the peak of a much larger submarine volcano , which rises up to 1,600 m (5,249 ft) above the nearby seafloor. Sulphur
475-485: The island when it erupted. A second eruption closely followed the first. Bight (geography) In geography , a bight ( / b aɪ t / ) is a concave bend or curvature in a coastline , river or other geographical feature, or it may refer to a very open bay formed by such a feature. Such bays are typically broad, open, shallow and only slightly recessed. Bights are distinguished from sounds , in that sounds are much deeper. Traditionally, explorers defined
500-517: The latter half of the 19th century, establishing settlements in Katikati , Te Puke and the Rangitaiki area. In 1876, settlements were incorporated into counties following the nationwide dissolution of the provincial system. Initial settlements in the region struggled: the climate was ill-suited to sheep farming and the geography was inaccessible, further hindered by a lack of infrastructure. By
525-585: The region. Missionary activity in the region also increased during this time. In 1853, New Zealand was subdivided into provinces , with the Bay of Plenty incorporated into Auckland Province . Conflict returned to the Bay of Plenty during the 1860s with the New Zealand Wars . Initially this stemmed from Tauranga iwi supporting the Waikato iwi in their conflict with the government. In retaliation, British Crown and government-allied Māori forces attacked
SECTION 20
#1732802551943550-478: Was $ 26,600, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 138 people (12.6%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 501 (45.9%) people were employed full-time, 213 (19.5%) were part-time, and 75 (6.9%) were unemployed. Tāneatua School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 147 as of August 2024. Bay of Plenty The Bay of Plenty ( Māori : Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi )
575-428: Was 7.0, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 44.3% had no religion, 28.7% were Christian , 20.4% had Māori religious beliefs , 0.2% were Buddhist and 1.0% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 192 (17.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 207 (19.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
600-519: Was mined on the island until the 1930s. Ten miners were killed in 1914 when part of the crater wall collapsed. The Bay of Plenty has a temperate , maritime climate, with warm, humid summers and mild winters. According to local Māori traditions , the Bay of Plenty was the landing point of several migration canoes that brought Māori settlers to New Zealand. These include the Mātaatua , Nukutere , Tākitimu , Arawa and Tainui canoes. Many of
625-458: Was that 246 (40.6%) people were employed full-time, 126 (20.8%) were part-time, and 60 (9.9%) were unemployed. Wainui statistical area covers 86.56 km (33.42 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 1,660 as of June 2024, with a population density of 19 people per km. Wainui had a population of 1,497 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 132 people (9.7%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 150 people (11.1%) since
#942057