The Tōhō Line ( 東豊線 , Tōhō-sen ) is a rubber-tyred metro line in Sapporo , Hokkaido , Japan, operated by Sapporo City Transportation Bureau . It is part of the Sapporo Municipal Subway system. It runs from Sakaemachi Station in Higashi-ku to Fukuzumi Station in Toyohira-ku . The Tōhō Line color on maps is sky blue. Its stations are numbered with the prefix "H".
41-1064: The first of a fleet of 20 new 9000 series four-car EMUs was introduced on the Tōhō Line in May 2015. Built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe , the first trainset was unveiled to the media in November 2014. All 20 trains were scheduled to be in service by fiscal 2016, replacing the fleet of 7000 series trains. From 1988 to 2016, the line was operated using a fleet of 20 four-car 7000 series EMUs (sets 7101 to 7120). The last 7000 series trains were withdrawn from service on June 25, 2016. The Sakaemachi to Hōsui-Susukino section opened on 2 December 1988. The Hōsui-Susukino to Fukuzumi section opened on 14 October 1994. Platform edge doors are to be installed at all Tōhō Line stations by fiscal 2016. Kawasaki Heavy Industries Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. ( KHI ) ( 川崎重工業株式会社 , Kawasaki Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-gaisha )
82-3519: A genericized trademark for any type of personal watercraft. 1949 Moto Guzzi 1950 Benelli 1951 Moto Guzzi 1952 Moto Guzzi 1953 NSU 1954 NSU * 1955 MV Agusta 1956 MV Agusta 1957 Mondial 1958 MV Agusta 1959 MV Agusta 1960 MV Agusta 1961 Honda 1962 Honda 1963 Honda 1964 Yamaha 1965 Yamaha 1966 Honda 1967 Honda 1968 Yamaha 1969 Benelli 1970 Yamaha 1971 Yamaha 1972 Yamaha 1973 Yamaha 1974 Yamaha 1975 Harley-Davidson 1976 Harley-Davidson * 1977 Yamaha 1978 Kawasaki 1979 Kawasaki 1980 Kawasaki 1981 Kawasaki 1982 Yamaha 1983 Yamaha 1984 Yamaha 1985 Honda 1986 Honda 1987 Honda 1988 Honda 1989 Honda 1990 Yamaha 1991 Honda 1992 Honda 1993 Honda 1994 Honda 1995 Aprilia 1996 Honda 1997 Honda 1998 Aprilia 1999 Aprilia 2000 Yamaha 2001 Honda 2002 Aprilia 2003 Aprilia 2004 Honda 2005 Honda 2006 Aprilia 2007 Aprilia 2008 Aprilia 2009 Aprilia 2010 Suter 2011 Suter 2012 Suter 2013 Kalex 2014 Kalex 2015 Kalex 2016 Kalex 2017 Kalex 2018 Kalex 2019 Kalex 2020 Kalex 2021 Kalex 2022 Kalex 2023 Kalex 1949 Mondial 1950 Mondial 1951 Mondial 1952 MV Agusta 1953 MV Agusta 1954 NSU * 1955 MV Agusta 1956 MV Agusta 1957 Mondial 1958 MV Agusta 1959 MV Agusta 1960 MV Agusta 1961 Honda 1962 Honda 1963 Suzuki 1964 Honda 1965 Suzuki 1966 Honda 1967 Yamaha 1968 Yamaha 1969 Kawasaki 1970 Suzuki 1971 Derbi 1972 Derbi 1973 Yamaha 1974 Yamaha 1975 Morbidelli 1976 Morbidelli 1977 Morbidelli 1978 Minarelli 1979 Minarelli 1980 Minarelli 1981 Minarelli 1982 Garelli 1983 MBA 1984 Garelli 1985 MBA 1986 Garelli 1987 Garelli 1988 Derbi 1989 Honda 1990 Honda 1991 Honda 1992 Honda 1993 Honda 1994 Honda 1995 Honda 1996 Aprilia 1997 Aprilia 1998 Honda 1999 Honda 2000 Honda 2001 Honda 2002 Aprilia 2003 Aprilia 2004 Aprilia 2005 KTM 2006 Aprilia 2007 Aprilia 2008 Aprilia 2009 Aprilia Ministry of Defense (Japan) The Ministry of Defense ( 防衛省 , Bōei-shō )
123-759: A bill elevating the Defense Agency ( 防衛庁 , Bōei-chō ) under the Cabinet Office to full-fledged cabinet-level Ministry of Defense ( 防衛省 , Bōei-shō ) . On 9 June 2006, the "Bill for Partial Revision of the Defense Agency Establishment Law" was submitted in the Diet. On 30 November 2006, the "Bill for Partial Revision of the Defense Agency Establishment Law" was passed by the House of Representatives. A bill that relates to
164-497: A century, with bridge-building among its first businesses. The company offers of storage management for LNG, Kawasaki's portfolio also includes retractable roofs, floors and other giant structures, the Sapporo Dome 's retractable surface is one example. For construction, Kawasaki produces products such as wheel loaders, tunnel machines, rollers, snowplows and purpose-specific loaders. The tunnel boring machines used to excavate
205-556: A joint venture with Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. However, by the end of 2001, the agreement was terminated. In the following years, Kawasaki Heavy Industries Co. have seen a fluctuation of profits and losses. Kawasaki is active in a diverse range of the aerospace industry. The company is a contractor for the Japanese ministry of defence and has built aircraft such as the C-1 transport aircraft, T-4 intermediate jet trainer, and
246-678: A national emergency, the Prime Minister is authorized to order the various components of the Japan Self-Defense Forces (JSDF) into action, subject to the consent of the Diet. In times of extreme emergency, that approval might be obtained after the fact. Their activities are regulated under the Ministry of Defense Establishment Law ( 防衛省設置法 , Bōeishōsetchihō ) . On 8 June 2006, the Cabinet of Japan endorsed
287-1023: A part of joint ventures with COSCO in China, i.e. the Nantong COSCO KHI Ship Engineering Co., Ltd.(NACKS), in Nantong, China, and the Dalian COSCO KHI Ship Engineering Co., Ltd.(DACKS), in Dalian, China. On 3 July 2024, the Japanese Defence Ministry announced an investigation into bribery allegations between Kawasaki and Maritime Self-Defence Force personnel over submarine repair contracts. Kawasaki will also set up its own inspection panel to look into fictious transactions and slush funds. Main products Kawasaki's key offering are high-performance gas turbines. The company
328-450: A wide range of municipal and industrial waste to be recovered, recycled and put to new use. Such systems include refuse paper and plastic fuel production facilities that convert wastepaper/plastics into an easy-to-handle solid fuel, equipment that converts old tires into highway paving materials and tiles, and machinery that sorts glass bottles by size and color. Main products Kawasaki's history of building steel structures spans more than
369-482: A young age. He was involved with two offshore disasters but accredited his survival to the modernization of the ships. This led to the decision to create technological innovations for the Japanese shipping industry. In 1878, after struggling to find business, his first order was placed. This is marked as the company's start in the industry. In 1886, Kawasaki moved the business from Tokyo to Hyogo. This allowed space for
410-491: Is Japan's largest manufacturer of rolling stock. It began operations in the industry in 1906. It manufactures express and commuter trains, subway cars, freight trains, locomotives, monorails and new transit systems. Kawasaki is also involved in the development and design of high-speed trains such as Japan's Shinkansen . Main Products Shipbuilding is the historical industry in which Kawasaki Heavy Industries
451-460: Is a Japanese public multinational corporation manufacturer of motorcycles , engines , heavy equipment , aerospace and defense equipment, rolling stock and ships , headquartered in Minato , Tokyo , Japan. It is also active in the production of industrial robots , gas turbines , pumps , boilers and other industrial products. The company is named after its founder, Shōzō Kawasaki . KHI
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#1732776143795492-775: Is also involved in development of new energy sources as an alternative to fossil fuels such as wind power generation, biomass power generation, photovoltaic systems and rechargeable batteries. Main products Kawasaki develops and builds a vast array of industrial plants and equipment, including large cement, chemical and nonferrous metal plants, prime movers, and compact precision machinery. It also offers industrial plant engineering from design to sales. Kawasaki also develops automation systems. Industrial robots for processes such as assembly, handling, welding, painting and sealing, as well as automation systems for distribution and logistics such as automated product- and cargo-handling systems for plants and airports. Main products Kawasaki
533-590: Is an executive department of the Government of Japan responsible for preserving the peace and independence of Japan , and maintaining the country's national security and the Japan Self-Defense Forces . The ministry is headed by the Minister of Defense , and is the largest ministry in the Japanese government. The ministry is headquartered in Ichigaya , Shinjuku , Tokyo , and is required by Article 66 of
574-481: Is an annual white paper released by Japan's Ministry of Defense. It serves as a comprehensive report on Japan's defense policy, national security, and related matters. The paper is translated from Japanese into both English and Chinese, and released on the Ministry of Defense's website for anyone from the public to read. Digital archives are also provided on their website, going back as far as 2014. The Ministers in
615-683: Is involved in joint development and production of the Boeing 767 , Boeing 777 and Boeing 787 with The Boeing Company , and the 170, 175, 190 and 195 jets with Empresa Brasileira de Aeronáutica . It is also involved in the joint international development and production of turbofan engines for passenger aircraft such as the V2500 , the RB211/Trent , the PW4000 and the CF34 . Kawasaki also works for
656-412: Is involved in the development of equipment that prevents pollution in a wide range of industries. Among the leading products are fuel gas desulfurization and denitrification systems, and ash handling systems. The company also supplies municipal refuse incineration plants, gasification and melting systems, sewage treatment and sludge incineration plants. Kawasaki has also been developing systems that enable
697-595: Is known as one of the three major heavy industrial manufacturers of Japan, alongside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and IHI . Prior to the Second World War , KHI was part of the Kobe Kawasaki zaibatsu , which included Kawasaki Steel and Kawasaki Kisen . After the conflict, KHI became part of the DKB Group ( keiretsu ). Shōzō Kawasaki , born in 1836, was involved with the marine industry from
738-773: Is recommended to the Diet by the Defense Agency, it has to be reviewed by each of these bureaus. Below these civilian groups are the uniformed JSDF personals. Its senior officer is the chairman of the Joint Staff Council, a body that included the chiefs of staff of the ground, maritime, and air arms of the Self-Defense Forces. Its principal functions are to advise the director general and to plan and execute joint exercises. The three branches maintain staff offices to manage operations in their branches. Although rank establishes echelons of command within
779-513: Is responsible for drafting defense policy and programs, for determining day-to-day operational activities, and for information gathering and analysis in the JSDF. The Bureau of Finance is instrumental in developing the Defense Agency budget and in establishing spending priorities for the Defense Agency and the JSDF. The Bureau of Equipment, organized into subunits for each of the military services, focuses on equipment procurement. Before any major purchase
820-621: The Channel Tunnel and the 14.14 m diameter shield machines used in the Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line construction are two well-known examples. Main products Kawasaki produces motorcycles, Jet Skis and ATVs . Kawasaki's motorcycle include the Ninja sport bikes , and cruisers , dual-purpose and motocross motorcycles, as well as utility vehicles , ATVs and general-purpose gasoline engines . Kawasaki's "Jet Ski" has become
861-631: The Constitution to be completely subordinate to civilian authority . Its head has the rank of Minister of State . He is assisted by two vice ministers, one parliamentary and one administrative; and the internal bureaus. The highest figure in the command structure is the Prime Minister , who is responsible directly to the National Diet . The MOD, alongside the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, work on crafting Japanese security policy. In
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#1732776143795902-590: The JAXA . The company was responsible for the development and production of the payload fairings, payload attach fittings (PAF) and the construction of the launch complex for the H-II rocket. It continues to provide services for the H-IIA rocket. Kawasaki has also participated in projects such as the development of reusable launch vehicles for spacecraft that will handle future space transport, space robotics projects such as
943-878: The Japanese Experiment Module for the International Space Station , the cancelled HOPE-X experimental orbiting plane and the docking mechanism for the ETS-VII . According to a document from July 1997, they would have been a major manufacturer of the Kankoh-maru space tourism vehicle (also known as the Kawasaki S-1), which never saw production. In 2022, Kawasaki and Airbus signed a memorandum of understanding to address hydrogen needs in aviation, and to focus on airport hydrogen hubs development. Main products Kawasaki
984-529: The Nippon Telegraph and Telephone ) with a microwave network incorporating a three-dimensional transmission system using a communications satellite. Despite efforts to increase stocks, however, supplies of ammunition and maintenance and repair parts in 1990 remained at less than satisfactory levels. In 2004, the Defense Agency building was attacked by a Kakurōkyō cell through improvised mortar barrages. Defense of Japan ( 防衛白書 , Bōei hakusho )
1025-722: The P-3C antisubmarine warfare patrol airplane. Since 2007, it has built the P-1 maritime patrol aircraft, and since 2010, it has built the C-2 transport aircraft. Kawasaki also builds helicopters, including the BK117 , jointly developed and manufactured with MBB . It also produces the CH-47J / JA helicopter. In the commercial aviation business, the company is involved in the joint international development and production of large passenger aircraft. It
1066-687: The Defense Agency and with one another. In the 1980s, efforts were also underway to facilitate a clear and efficient command policy in the event of a crisis. The government stood by the principle that military action was permitted only under civilian control, but in recognition that delay for consultation might prove dangerous, ships of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) began to be armed with live torpedoes, and fighter-interceptors were allowed to carry missiles at all times. Although aircraft had long been allowed to force down intruders without waiting for permission from
1107-537: The JSDF transportation capabilities are generally judged inadequate. In 1990 legislation was being studied to provide the JSDF with the ability to respond in emergency situations not specifically covered by Article 76 of the Self-Defense Forces Law [ ja ] . Modern equipment is gradually replacing obsolescent materiel in the JSDF. In 1987, the Defense Agency replaced its communications system (which formerly had relied on telephone lines of
1148-642: The JSDF, all three branches are immediately responsible to the director general and are coequal bodies with the Joint Staff Council and the three staff offices. This structure precludes the concentration of power of the pre-1945 Imperial General Staff (and the Supreme War Council ) general staffs, but it impedes interservice coordination, and there are few formal exchanges among commanders from various branches. Moreover, some dissatisfaction has been reported by high-ranking officers who feel they have little power compared with younger civilian officials in
1189-482: The Ministry of Defense are as follows: The Senior Advisers to the Minister of Defense are senior policy advisers to the Minister of Defense. The Special Advisers to the Minister of Defense are special policy advisers to the Minister of Defense. The Administrative Vice-Minister of Defense, the senior civil-servant at the Ministry of Defense, has the role of coordinating the affairs of the Ministry and of supervising
1230-462: The Ministry of Defense. In July 2007, the Ministry of Defense Building was attacked by a 21-year-old right-wing activist , who threw a Molotov cocktail in the direction of the building, after forcing his way through the main gate. The Japanese Defense Agency was established on 1 July 1954. Until May 2000, it was based in Akasaka (currently occupied by Tokyo Midtown ). The JDA was placed under
1271-530: The Ministry's bureaus and organs. The Chief of Staff, Joint Staff is the highest-ranking military officer of the Japan Self-Defense Forces , and the senior military adviser to the Minister of Defense and the Japanese Government . He is supported by the Vice Chief of Staff, Joint Staff. He is appointed by the Minister of Defense , approved by the Cabinet . The Ministry of Defense includes
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1312-458: The New York subway system. In 1995, Kawasaki Heavy Industries came to an agreement with China to produce the largest containerships ever. This led to the company announcing higher than expected profits in 1996. However, shortly after the profits, the company saw a long decline in business forcing them to find a solution. With the company seeing continuous losses into the 21st century, it formed
1353-562: The authority of the Prime Minister's Office under Article 2 of the Defense Agency Establishment Law before it was placed under the Cabinet Office in 2001. The internal bureaus, especially the Bureau of Defense Policy, Bureau of Finance, and the Bureau of Equipment, are often headed by officials from other ministries and are the main centers of power and instruments of civilian control in the Defense Agency. The Bureau of Defense Policy
1394-491: The bureaus, who most often have no military experience. To rectify this situation and to increase input by the JSDF in policy matters, in the early 1980s the Joint Staff Council was enlarged to establish better lines of communication between the internal bureaus and the three staff offices. A computerized central command and communications system and various tactical command and communications systems were established, linking service and field headquarters with general headquarters at
1435-469: The change, claiming that it can lead Japan into a future war. Meanwhile, the Asia-Pacific nations raised concerns due to memories of World War II when they were under Japanese imperial rule. The Ministry of Defense was formally established on 9 January 2007, taking its present name and status as a ministry. Subsequently, its Defense Facilities Administrative Agency was dissolved and integrated into
1476-614: The end of World War 1. After the war, along with the Allied arms-limitation agreement in 1912, Kawasaki faced a huge decline in shipbuilding. In 1929, the Depression caused a large amount of financial problems with the company. During World War 2, Kawasaki was a major builder of combat aircraft like the Ki-61, which killed many Allied aircrew. Just afterwards, they adapted air intakes from combat aircraft to high speed motorcycles. In 1947,
1517-504: The government introduced a new shipbuilding agenda and gave Kawasaki a rise in profits and helped restore the company. The company was able to resume all operations and by the 1950s, Japan was leading as the world's largest shipbuilder. By the late 1960s into the 1970s Kawasaki had begun to withdraw from the shipbuilding industry and diversified its company, producing motorcycles, jet skis, bridges, tunnel-boring machines, and aircraft. They also supplied technologically advanced railroad cars to
1558-454: The prime minister, ships were still required to receive specific orders before interdicting invading vessels. The Defense Agency had recommended drawing up more complete guidelines to clarify what action JSDF combat units could take in emergencies. Cooperation between the JSDF and other civilian agencies in contingency planning is limited. No plans exist to ensure the support of civilian aircraft and merchant fleets in times of crisis, even though
1599-516: The rise of orders placed to his company and the renaming to Kawasaki Dockyard. The new and improved company went public as Kawasaki Dockyard Co., Ltd when the demand for ships rose during the Sino-Japanese War of 1894. Kojiro Matsukata was announced as the company's first president. After opening a new factory in 1906, Kawasaki began diversifying its products. They began to produce parts for the railroad, automotive, and airplane industry by
1640-718: The transition of the JDA from agency to a ministry under the Defense Agency Establishment Law on 15 December 2006 with approval from the House of Councillors. This had support from the LDP, Democratic Party of Japan, Komeito and the People's New Party representatives. in the House of Representatives and in the House of Councillors. Only the Japanese Communist Party and the Social Democratic Party opposed
1681-742: Was created and developed, as from the company's 1878 founding as the Kawasaki Dockyard Co. Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation is a wholly owned subsidiary of Kawasaki Heavy Industries. Its product range include high-performance LNG and LPG carriers, container ships, bulk carriers and VLCCs, as well as submarines. The company is also involved in the development of offshore structures and research vessels. Kawasaki also produces marine machinery and equipment, including main engines, propulsion systems, steering gears, deck and fishing machinery. Kawasaki has shipyards at Kobe and Sakaide, Kagawa . (Kagawa Prefecture). The company also builds ships as