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38-568: Bőcs is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary famous for the Borsod Brewery and its products. This Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Borsod-Aba%C3%BAj-Zempl%C3%A9n Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén ( Hungarian : Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén vármegye , pronounced [ˈborʃod ˈɒbɒuːj ˈzɛmpleːn] ; Slovak : Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska )

76-516: A population larger than 2000. Of the 63 counties of the Kingdom, it was the 45th largest by area, 37th largest by population and 35th by population density (65/km² in 1910). Between 1899 and 1913 many of people left the Kingdom of Hungary and emigrated to other countries; from Abaúj 44,258 people emigrated, 13,566 migrated back to Hungary; in total it had 30,692 émigrés, making it the 8th largest emigration source of all counties. In 1918 (confirmed by

114-455: A total of 358 cities, towns and villages this county has the most municipalities in Hungary. Approximately half of the population lives in cities/towns. (ordered by population, as of 2011 census) [REDACTED] municipalities are large villages. Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County has a partnership relationship with: Aba%C3%BAj Abaúj was situated some 20 km on both sides along

152-491: Is among the counties that have the highest rate of unemployment and also the lowest rates of GDP per capita in Hungary. The county is the site of the Borsod Power Plant , one of the largest biomass power plants in Hungary. The Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County Council, elected at the 2024 local government elections, is made up of 29 counselors, with the following party composition: The following members elected of

190-506: Is an administrative county ( comitatus or vármegye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia ( Košice Region ). It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Nógrád , Heves , Hajdú–Bihar and Szabolcs–Szatmár–Bereg . The capital of Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén county is Miskolc . Of the seven statistical regions of Hungary it belongs to the region Northern Hungary . Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén

228-628: Is the second largest county of Hungary both by area (after Bács–Kiskun ) and by population (after Pest County ). It is the only Hungarian county with two UNESCO World Heritage Sites (the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst and the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape ). The county bears the name of three historic counties of Hungary , each of them was centered around a castle. Note that besides these three castles, there were other castles in

266-669: The Anjou age of Hungary. In Borsod and Abaúj the Free Royal Town of Kassa (today's Košice , Slovakia) and Miskolc emerged as the most important towns. The Castle of Diósgyőr had its prime under Louis the Great , it was one of the favourite residences of the royal family. In the 16th century wine growing gained more importance. Today Tokaj-Hegyalja in Zemplén is one of the most important and famous wine districts of Hungary, home of

304-715: The Church . Most of Borsod was ruled by the Bors-Miskóc clan, while Abaúj was the estate of the Aba clan. By the 14th century most of the area was owned by oligarchs . To straighten his rule Charles Robert waged war against them. Palatine Amadé Aba (Genus Aba) was "de facto" ruler of Northern Hungary. Charles Robert betrayed and defeated Amadé in the Battle of Rozgony in 1312, and also gained power over Northern Hungary. The differences between towns and villages became important during

342-587: The First Vienna Award , arbitrated by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy following the Munich Agreement , Hungary re-annexed territories that has been ceded to Czechoslovakia. During World War II Kassa was the capital of Abaúj-Torna. After Allied Victory in Europe , the pre-1938 borders were reinstated. The administration of the country needed to revert to pre-war status quo, since most of

380-587: The Hornád (Hungarian: Hernád ) river between (including) Košice and (excluding) Miskolc . Abaúj shared borders with the Comitatus Scepusiensis (Hungarian: Szepes , German: Zips , Slovak: Spiš ), Comitatus Sarossiensis (Hungarian: Sáros , Slovak: Šariš ), Comitatus Zempliniensis (Hungarian: Zemplén , Slovak: Zemplín ), Comitatus Borsodiensis (Hun: Borsod ) and Comitatus Tornensis (Hungarian: Torna , Slovak: Turňa ). Initially,

418-586: The National Assembly during the 2022 parliamentary election : Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén County has 1 urban county , 27 towns , 8 large villages and 322 villages. Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén is the county of extremes: it is the home of the country's fourth largest city and second largest agglomeration, where one fourth of the county' population resides, on the other hand, the county is full of hamlets with population under 200. Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén has 28 cities/towns (as of 2019) and over 300 villages. With

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456-580: The Treaty of Trianon 1920), the northern half of the Abaúj-Torna county (1551 km², including Kassa/ Košice ) became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia and continued to exist as an administrative unit till October 26, 1922, under the name Abovskoturnianska župa . The southern half became part of modern Hungary as the county Abaúj-Torna, with capital Szikszó . The Hungarian part was divided into four districts. During World War II Czechoslovakia

494-446: The Treaty of Trianon Hungary had to give up its northern parts to Czechoslovakia . Abaúj-Torna had to give up 48% of its area, 72% of Zemplén became part of Czechoslovakia, only Borsod remained fully within Hungary. The neighboring county of Gömör-Kishont retained 7.5% of its area, and remaining parts were merged with Borsod. The county seats were Miskolc (Borsod-Gömör-Kishont), Szikszó (Abaúj-Torna) and Sátoraljaújhely (Zemplén). Under

532-584: The battle of Mohács – marking the beginning of a 160-year-long Ottoman occupation of Hungary – the county had 9 castles, 14 towns, 318 villages and was owned by 275 landlords. In the 16th-17th century many important historical events took place at least partly in Abaúj county, including the peasant revolt led by György Dózsa (1514), and battles between the Hungarians and the Ottomans. The southern part of

570-455: The 13th century from the comitatus Novi Castri (named after Novum Castrum , "new castle" – the castle itself stood in the center of the present-day village Abaújvár ), which also included the later counties Šariš (Hungarian: Sáros ) and Heves . During the Mongol invasion of Hungary a large part of the county was destroyed, but the castle of Abaújvár wasn't occupied by the invaders. After

608-524: The Castle of Borsod , Abaúj belonged to the Castle of Újvár (in the modern village of Abaújvár) and Zemplén belonged to the Castle of Zemplén (today in Slovakia.) At this time the area of Borsod also included the later county Torna , and Abaúj also included the later counties Sáros and Heves . In the 12th century the former Abaúj comitatus was split into Abaúj, Heves and Sáros counties, while Torna

646-556: The Hungarian majority, the main minorities are the Roma (approx. 58,000), Germans (2,500), Slovaks (2,000) and Rusyns (1,500). Total population (2011 census): 686,266 Ethnic groups (2011 census): Identified themselves: 643,950 persons: Approx. 89,000 persons in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County did not declare their ethnic group at the 2011 census. Religious adherence in the county according to 2011 census: Due to

684-571: The Northern Mountains meet the Great Hungarian Plain , thus the northern parts of the county are mountainous – with some of the highest peaks and deepest caves in the country – the southern parts are flat. The average temperature is lower than that of the country, the average humidity is higher (7–800 mm/year.) The region holds the country's record for lowest temperature: −35 °C (−31 °F) on 16 February 1940 in

722-399: The capital of the county was Forró . From the late 16th century the capital was Gönc , and Cassovia (Hungarian: Kassa, Slovak: Košice) has been the center of the county since the late 14th century. According to Anonymus , during the reign of St. Stephen the Aba family (the family of Sámuel Aba who later became king) had properties in this area. The county arose in the second half of

760-590: The county fell under Ottoman rule, while the northern part remained part of the Kingdom of Hungary. On 5 September 1619, the prince of Transylvania, Gabriel Bethlen captured Košice in Abauj with the assistance of the future George I Rákóczi in another anti-Habsburg insurrection. By the Peace of Nikolsburg in 1621, the Habsburgs restored the religious toleration agreement of 1606 and recognized Transylvanian rule over

798-537: The emphasis on industrialization during the former Socialist regime and the county's richness in brown coal , Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén has become one of the leading industrial regions of the country, "the Ruhr Area of Hungary". The most important centres of heavy industry were Miskolc , Ózd , Tiszaújváros and Kazincbarcika . With the fall of the Socialist regime the industry faced a crisis, and Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén

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836-656: The famous Tokay wine (named after the town Tokaj , the center of the wine district.) After the battle of Mohács , as the Turks occupied more and more of the Southern territories of Hungary, the area of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, as the northernmost part of the country, became an important area. After the Turkish occupation ended, and Hungary became part of the Habsburg monarchy , the area – because of its distance from Austria –

874-640: The first Protestant college was opened in Sárospatak . Many of the important persons of the Age of Enlightenment grew up in this region, for example the important politicians Lajos Kossuth , Bertalan Szemere and László Palóczy , and the language reformer Ferenc Kazinczy . During the 18th century several towns bought their freedom from their feudal landowners. New guilds were formed, manufactures were built, mines were opened, glassworks and forges were built. Miskolc began to catch up with Kassa and take over

912-403: The industrial character of existing cities became more important (Miskolc, Ózd .) Urbanization was rapid, workers from all over the country were arriving in these cities and towns, and the population of Miskolc reached its highest level in the 1980s (around 211.000.) The end of the Socialist era and the recession of the 1990s hit hard, the unemployment rate is one of the highest of the country, and

950-502: The invasion King Béla IV repopulated the area with German settlers. During the reign of the last kings of the Árpád dynasty (late 13th century) Abaúj was de facto ruled by the Aba (family) (Slovak: Omodejovci ). Certain parts of the county was taken away from them after the Battle of Rozgony (June 15, 1312) by King Charles Robert . In a tax register from 1427 the county is mentioned as having 5187 peasant houses; 3500 in 1494-95. Before

988-550: The land grabs proved temporary. Hundreds of thousands of Hungarians remaining in Slovakia were forcibly expelled. In 1950 the Hungarian parts of the former counties Borsod-Gömör-Kishont, Abaúj-Torna and Zemplén were united, forming the county of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, with Miskolc being the county capital. During the Socialist era the region was developed into the centre of heavy industry. Whole new towns came into existence in place of small villages ( Tiszaújváros , Kazincbarcika ),

1026-416: The local governments try to get over the crisis by strengthening the touristic potential. This seems to be a good idea, since Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén is a geographically diverse area with rich natural and cultural treasures. Religion in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County (2022 census – of those who declared their religion (61.8%)) In 2015, it had a population of 667,594 and the population density was 92/km . Besides

1064-447: The old counties which became the modern Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, such as the well-known Füzérvár . The county's coat of arms was created in 1991 from the coats of arms of the former counties now forming parts of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén. From left to right: Coat of arms of Abaúj-Torna county. – Coat of arms of Zemplén county. – Coat of arms of Borsod county. – Coat of arms of Gömör / Gömör-Kishont county (with its red background color changed to

1102-427: The order of Joseph II , but they were separated again in 1790. After the 1848-49 revolution had been suppressed, Abaúj and Torna were merged again, but were separated in 1859. They were finally merged in 1882. Before the merging Abaúj had an area of 2872,71 km² and a population of 166,666; Torna had an area of 618,04 km² and a population of 23,176. In 1919(?) Abaúj-Torna had 364 villages, of which only 5 had

1140-499: The other parts of the country – experienced an era of prosperity and fast development. New factories, railway lines were built, the population grew. In 1882 Abaúj county was merged with Torna, and was renamed Abaúj-Torna . Furthermore, a large population of Jews was established during this time period. The famous film mogul who created Paramount Pictures, Adolph Zukor , was born in Ricse , a town in this county. After World War I and

1178-464: The request of the residents. After World War II, on January 20, 1945, the pre-war border was restored, with 52% of the original territory remaining in Hungary under the name of Abaúj county, with Szikszó as capital. During the administrative reform of 1950 in Hungary, Abaúj was merged with the remaining parts of neighbouring counties Borsod-Gömör and Zemplén to form the present Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county. * Including Kassa (pop. 28,884), which, as

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1216-486: The role as the leading city of the region, and because of this Borsod was the fastest developing county of the three counties. Many foreign settlers arrived, Slovaks, Greeks, Germans, Russians – even today there are whole villages with significant number of them. According to the census of 1787 Borsod, Abaúj and Zemplén had almost 500,000 inhabitants. After the Ausgleich Northern Hungary – just like

1254-421: The same blue as used in the coat of arms of Abaúj). The flag is vertically divided into two equal sections (red and blue), with the coat of arms on it, and the county's name embroidered with gold thread under the coat of arms. Its ratio is 2:1. The use of both coat of arms and flag is regulated by the county council. Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén is one of the most geographically diverse areas of Hungary. It lies where

1292-493: The seven Partium countries: Ugocsa, Bereg, Zemplen, Borsod, Szabolcs, Szatmar and Abauj. The county again belonged to the Principality of Transylvania between 1644-48. Battles were also fought in the county in the early 18th century, during the revolutions led by Imre Thököly and Francis II Rákóczi . The Abaúj county was first merged with the neighbouring, smaller County of Torna (Slovak: Turňa ) county in 1785, at

1330-493: The town of Görömböly-Tapolca (now Miskolctapolca .) Borsod–Abaúj–Zemplén county was created after World War II from the pre-1938 counties Borsod –Gömör–Kishont, Abaúj–Torna and Zemplén (see also: 1950 Administrative Reform in Hungary ). The historical comitatus (Hungarian: vármegye – "castle county", since each of them belonged to a castle) came into existence during the Middle Ages . Borsod county belonged to

1368-508: Was separated from Borsod. For the next hundreds of years the borders remained unchanged. About two-thirds of the areas of these counties were royal property, the others were ruled by clans, for example the Miskóc clan (after whom the city of Miskolc was named.) The area was inhabited mostly by castle serfs and foreign settlers ( Pechenegs , Walloons , Czechs and Germans .) By the 12th century more and more areas were owned by noble families and

1406-576: Was split and on November 2, 1938, most of the Czechoslovak part of the county (1257 km² with a population of 126,050, including Kassa with an area of 93 km² and a population of 58,090) became part of Hungary under the First Vienna Award , and was added to the county Abaúj-Torna, with the capital Kassa. On March 6, 1939, the Czechoslovak-Hungarian Border Committee annexed five more villages to Hungary at

1444-647: Was the main base of the resistance, and held this status until the Ausgleich ("Compromise"), when Hungary, formerly a mere province of the Empire, became an equal partner with Austria (1867). The family of Francis II Rákóczi (leader of the Revolution against Habsburg rule in the early 18th century) had estates here, and the revolution itself was organised from here. The region also had cultural importance. The Reformation began spreading in Hungary in this area, and

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