The Ruijū Karin (類聚歌林) was a Japanese waka anthology compiled by Yamanoue no Okura .
21-529: The Ruijū Karin was compiled by Yamanoue no Okura . It was likely compiled after Yōrō 5 (721) when Okura become a tutor to the crown prince (later Emperor Shōmu ). The work's title has been translated into English as: The work is now lost. It apparently survived until around the end of the Heian period . The late-Heian books of poetic criticism Yakumo Mishō [ ja ] and Fukuro-zōshi [ ja ] record that copies of it were in
42-501: A native son.’ Okura's potentially continental origins have been cited as an example of the influence continental immigrants had on early Japanese politics, society and culture. This article about a Japanese poet is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Tottori Prefecture Tottori Prefecture ( 鳥取県 , Tottori-ken ) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu . Tottori Prefecture
63-706: Is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes , the largest sand dunes system in Japan, and Mount Daisen , the highest peak in the Chūgoku Mountains . The word "Tottori" in Japanese is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 鳥 , means "bird" and the second, 取 means "to get". Early residents in the area made their living catching the region's plentiful waterfowl. The name first appears in the Nihon shoki in
84-481: Is the least populous prefecture of Japan at 538,525 (2023) and has a geographic area of 3,507.13 square kilometres (1,354.11 sq mi). Tottori Prefecture borders Shimane Prefecture to the west, Hiroshima Prefecture to the southwest, Okayama Prefecture to the south, and Hyōgo Prefecture to the east. Tottori is the capital and largest city of Tottori Prefecture, with other major cities including Yonago , Kurayoshi , and Sakaiminato . Tottori Prefecture
105-647: The Man'yōshū , as a source of information poets and the circumstances of composition of poems, and its full contents are unknown. The number of books which comprised the anthology is unknown, although the Shōsōin supposedly included a Karin Nanakan (歌林七巻) copied by Prince Ichihara [ ja ] which, if it was the same as this work, would mean it consisted of seven books. The work divided poems into categories based on some sort of criteria and, using resources such as
126-518: The Nihon Shoki and Fudoki , investigated the circumstances under which its poems were composed. As far as the Man'yōshū tells us, it apparently included poems by emperors and members of the imperial family , as well as court poems such as those commemorating imperial processions to various parts of the country (行幸従駕 gyōkō-jūga ). This has led to the theory that it was compiled to be presented to
147-573: The 23rd year of the Emperor Suinin (213 AD) when Yukuha Tana, an elder from the Izumo, visits the emperor. The imperial Prince Homatsu-wake was unable to speak, despite being 30 years of age. "Yukuha Tana presented the swan to the emperor. Homatsu-wake no Mikoto played with this swan and at last learned to speak. Therefore, Yukaha Tana was liberally rewarded, and was granted the title of Tottori no Miyakko." (Aston, translation) Tottori Prefecture
168-712: The Imperial court and various temples. Successive clans controlled the region during the Sengoku period (15th to 17th century), most notably the Yamana clan , but after the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 the region was pacified. The Tokugawa shogunate installed the Ikeda clan at Tottori Castle . The clan retained control of the area until throughout the Edo period (1603–1868) and
189-467: The colonial areas. Before the end of World War II the prefecture was hit by a massive magnitude 7.2 earthquake, the 1943 Tottori earthquake , which destroyed 80% of the city of Tottori, and greatly damaged the surrounding area. In the postwar period land reform was carried out in the prefecture, resulting in a great increase of agricultural production. Tottori is home to the Tottori Sand Dunes , Japan's only large dune system. As of 1 April 2012, 14% of
210-490: The crown prince. It may have been modeled on the Chinese work Yiwen Leiju . Yamanoue no Okura Yamanoue no Okura ( 山上憶良 , also written as 山於億良, 660?–733?) was a Japanese poet , the best known for his poems of children and commoners . He was a member of Japanese missions to Tang China . He was also a contributor to the Man'yōshū and his writing had a strong Chinese influence. Unlike other Japanese poetry of
231-462: The holdings of Byōdō-in and/or Hōjō-ji ), and in addition to these works it was also mentioned in a diary entry from 1015 (永承五年四月二十六日前麗景殿女御延子歌絵合, 正子内親王絵合), Ōgishō (奥義抄), Fujiwara no Shunzei 's Korai Fūteishō [ ja ] , Waka Genzaisho Mokuroku (和歌現在書目録), Waka Iroha [ ja ] , but none of these works quote it directly. Its contents are now known only from nine fragmentary passages quoted in books I , II and IX
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#1732783291241252-683: The prefecture. In 645, under the Taika reforms , the area in present-day Tottori Prefecture became two provinces, Hōki and Inaba . During the Genpei War (1180–1185) between the Taira and Minamoto clans in the late- Heian period , Tottori became a base for anti-Taira forces, specifically at two temples, Daisen-ji and Sanbutsu-ji . By the beginning of the Kamakura period (1185–1333) shōen estates were established to directly support
273-591: The region had extensive linguistic diversity. While the standard Tokyo dialect of the Japanese language is now used in Tottori Prefecture, several other dialects are also used. Many of them are grouped with Western Japanese , and include the Chugoku and Umpaku dialects. The sports teams listed below are based in Tottori. The symbol is derived from the first mora in Japanese for " と " combined with
294-625: The resources of the area financially and materially supported the shogunate. The two provinces remained in place until the Meiji Restoration in 1868, and the boundaries of Tottori Prefecture were established in 1888. After the occupation of Korea and Taiwan in the 20th century, and the establishment of the Manchukuo puppet state in 1932, Tottori's harbors on the Japan Sea served as an active transit point for goods between Japan and
315-417: The time, his work emphasizes a morality based on the teachings of Confucius and Buddhism . Most scholars believe that he was born in 660, on the basis of his Chinese prose "Chin'a Jiai-bun" recorded in the fifth volume of Man'yōshū as a work written in 733 ( Tenpyō 5), in which he says, "In this year, I am 74." Yamanoue no Okura accompanied a mission to Tang China in 701 and returned to Japan in 707. In
336-673: The total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks , namely the Daisen-Oki and Sanin Kaigan National Parks; Hiba-Dōgo-Taishaku and Hyōnosen-Ushiroyama-Nagisan Quasi-National Parks; and Misasa-Tōgōko , Nishi Inaba , and Okuhino Prefectural Natural Parks. Mount Misumi is located within the former area of Mochigase that was merged into the city of Tottori in 2004. Four cities are located in Tottori Prefecture: These are
357-409: The towns and villages in each district : Per Japanese census data, Tottori is the least populated prefecture in Japan. Tottori Prefecture is heavily agricultural and its products are shipped to the major cities of Japan. Some of the famous products are the nashi pear , nagaimo yam , Japanese scallion , negi , and watermelon . The prefecture is also a major producer of rice . Historically,
378-651: The years following his return he served in various official capacities. He served as the governor of Hōki (near present-day Tottori ), tutor to the crown prince, and Governor of Chikuzen . While there, he associated with Otomo no Tabito , who was serving in Dazaifu . Based on a reference to the Yamanoue clan in the Shinsen Shōjiroku , he was said to be a descendant of Emperor Kōshō . A large number of literary scholars led by Susumu Nakanishi have proposed that he
399-577: Was born in the Korean kingdom of Baekje , a view criticized by the historians Kazuo Aoki and Arikiyo Saeki in their respective works. Edwin Cranston , Professor of Japanese literature at Harvard University, writes: ‘Okura’s early life is obscure, but recent research has led to the conclusion that his origins were Korean, that he was in fact born in Paekche, Japan’s ally on the Korean peninsula, and
420-501: Was brought to Japan in the wave of refugees that came when that state was extinguished by its rival Silla in 663. Okura would have been in his fourth year. His father, a doctor who entered the service of the Japanese court, no doubt provided his son with a thorough Chinese-style education. This education is amply evident in Okura’s surviving work, but his putative foreign origins are not. When he speaks of his adopted country he seems to speak as
441-613: Was settled very early in the prehistoric period of Japan, as evidenced by remains from the Jōmon period (14,000 – 300 BC). The prefecture has the remains of the largest known Yayoi period (300 BC – 250 AD) settlement in Japan, the Mukibanda Yayoi remains , located in the low foothills of Mount Daisen in the cities of Daisen and Yonago . Numerous kofun tumuli from the Kofun period (250 – 538) are located across
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