Minamoto clan (Yoritomo)
66-558: The Genpei War ( 源平合戦 , Genpei Kassen , Genpei-Gassen , 1180–1185) was a national civil war between the Taira and Minamoto clans during the late Heian period of Japan. It resulted in the downfall of the Taira and the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate under Minamoto no Yoritomo , who appointed himself as Shōgun in 1192, governing Japan as a military dictator from
132-545: A considerable force, driving Yoshinaka from the city. After fighting his cousins at the bridge over the Uji , Yoshinaka made his final stand at Awazu , in Ōmi Province . He was defeated by Yoshitsune, and killed while attempting to flee. As the united Minamoto forces left Kyoto, the Taira began consolidating their position at a number of sites in and around the Inland Sea, which was their ancestral home territory. They received
198-692: A dramatic encounter on and around the bridge over the River Uji . This battle ended in Yorimasa's ritual suicide inside the Byōdō-in and Mochihito's capture and execution shortly afterwards. It was at this point that Minamoto no Yoritomo took over leadership of the Minamoto clan and began traveling the country seeking to rendezvous with allies. Leaving Izu Province and heading for the Hakone Pass , he
264-620: A novel form by Pamela S. Turner in the book Samurai Rising: The Epic Life of Minamoto Yoshitsune (2016). Taira clan The Taira ( 平 ) was one of the four most important clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period of Japanese history – the others being the Minamoto , the Fujiwara , and the Tachibana . The clan is divided into four major groups, named after
330-619: A number of missives from the Emperor offering that if they surrendered by the seventh day of the second month, the Minamoto could be persuaded to agree to a truce. This was a farce, as neither the Minamoto nor the Emperor had any intentions of waiting until the eighth day to attack. Nevertheless, this tactic offered the Emperor a chance to regain the Regalia and to distract the Taira leadership. The Minamoto army, led by Yoshitsune and Noriyori, made their first major assault at Ichi-no-Tani , one of
396-553: Is a playable faction in Shogun: Total War and Shogun 2 . Takeda is a playable nation in Europa Universalis IV . The Takeda clan in feudal Japan is in the manga and the anime of Inuyasha . Takeda Shingen and his peasant doppelgänger are the main subjects of Kagemusha , directed by Akira Kurosawa . The character Miku Nakano from the anime and manga series The Quintessential Quintuplets
462-589: Is also known as the Mariyatsu Takeda, a reference to their base of power, Mariyatsu Castle. The Kōshū Hatto , composed at some point in the 15th century, is the code of law of the Takeda family, while the Kōyō Gunkan , composed largely by Kōsaka Masanobu in the mid-16th century, is an epic poem recording the family's history and Shingen's innovations in military tactics. Among the notable members of
528-577: Is also known in Japanese as the Jishō–Juei War ( 治承・寿永の乱 , Jishō – Juei no Ran ) , after the two Imperial eras between which it took place. The term Genpei Kassen is sometimes used in Japan, but it has been argued that it is not appropriate to use the term "Genpei" for this war. The Genpei War was the culmination of a decades-long conflict between the two aforementioned clans over dominance of
594-535: Is commonly referred to as Heishi ( 平氏 , "Taira clan") or Heike ( 平家 , "House of Taira") , using the character's On'yomi hei ( 平 ) for Taira , while shi ( 氏 ) means " clan ", and ke ( 家 ) is used as a suffix for " extended family ". The clan is the namesake of The Tale of the Heike , an epic account of the Genpei War. Along with the Minamoto , Taira was one of the honorary surnames given by
660-571: The Battle of Mizushima . Yoshinaka conspired with Yukiie to seize the capital and the Emperor, possibly even establishing a new Court in the north. However, Yukiie revealed these plans to the Emperor, who communicated them to Yoritomo. Betrayed by Yukiie, Yoshinaka took command of Kyoto and, at the beginning of 1184, set fire to the Hōjūjidono , taking the Emperor into custody. Minamoto no Yoshitsune arrived soon afterwards with his brother Noriyori and
726-545: The Battle of Ōkura in 1155. However, Minamoto no Yoshinaka , the heir of Minamoto no Yoshikata , and Yukiie , the younger brother of Yoshitomo and Yoshikata, could have claimed the position as well. The Minamoto were one of the four great clans that dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period (794–1185). They were, however, decimated by the Taira in the Heiji Rebellion of 1160. Minamoto no Yoshitomo had been
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#1732758380766792-401: The Battle of Ōshū in 1189 was the last battle during this period of civil war, as it completed Yoritomo's nationwide domination through the annexation of Northeast Japan . The name "Genpei" (sometimes romanized as Gempei ) comes from alternate readings of the kanji "Minamoto" (源 Gen ) and "Taira" (平 Hei , pronounced as the second element in some compounds as -pei ). The conflict
858-780: The Kantō region . Mochiuji, lord of the Uesugi clan , made a reprisal against the Takeda clan in 1415. This reprisal began a rivalry between the Uesugi and Takeda clans which would last roughly 150 years until the destruction of the Takeda clan at the end of the Sengoku period . While this rivalry existed, the Takeda and the Uesugi still had a huge amount of respect for one another. Takeda Harunobu (1521 – 1573) succeeded his father Nobutora in 1540 and became shugo lord of Kai Province in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture . In this period
924-570: The Minamoto clan (the Genji), which culminated in the Genpei War (1180–1185 AD). The five-year-long war concluded with a decisive Taira defeat in the naval Battle of Dan-no-Ura , which resulted in the deaths of Antoku and Taira leaders. Following the war, the victorious Minamoto established Japan's first shogunate in Kamakura . The name "Genpei" comes from alternate readings of the kanji "Minamoto" (源 Gen ) and "Taira" (平 Hei ). The clan
990-707: The Northern Fujiwara (1189) and against Wada Yoshimori (1213). During the Jōkyū War , he helped the Hōjō , and led 50,000 soldiers as 'Daishogun of the Tosando' , and in reward received the governorship of Aki province (1221). Takeda Nobuhide (1413–40), eldest son of the Takeda Nobushige (1390–1465), Shugo of Aki, helped the 6th shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori (1394–1441) against the revolt of Isshiki Yoshitsura and
1056-532: The Sengoku period , the Takeda were Shugo of the provinces of Kai (since Yoritomo), Aki (since 1221), and Wakasa (since 1440). Immediately prior to the Sengoku period, the Takeda helped to suppress the Rebellion of Uesugi Zenshū (1416–1417). Uesugi Zenshū (d. 1417) was the kanrei chief advisor to Ashikaga Mochiuji , an enemy of the central Ashikaga shogunate and the Kantō kubō governor-general of
1122-454: The battle of Dan-no-ura , one of the most famous and significant battles in Japanese history. The Minamoto engaged the Taira fleet in the Straits of Shimonoseki , a tiny body of water separating the islands of Honshū and Kyūshū. The tides played a powerful role in the development of the battle, granting the advantage first to the Taira, who were more experienced and abler sailors, and later to
1188-540: The emperors they descended from: Kanmu Heishi, Ninmyō Heishi, Montoku Heishi, and Kōkō Heishi, the most influential of which was the Kanmu Heishi line. In the twilight of the Heian period, the Taira controlled the boy emperor Antoku (himself the grandson of the powerful Kugyō Taira no Kiyomori ) and had effectively dominated the Imperial capital of Heian . However, they were opposed by their rivals
1254-430: The Heike ( 平家物語 , Heike Monogatari ) is the most famous, although many kabuki and bunraku plays reproduce events of the war as well. Ichinotani Futaba Gunki ('Chronicle of the battle of Ichi-no-Tani') by Namiki Sōsuke may be one of the more famous of these. The novel Shike by Robert Shea features a somewhat fictionalized account of the wars, as seen from the perspectives of his two main characters,
1320-588: The Imperial Court that were not samurai and had nothing to do with the war. There is no record of any direct or indirect complicity or assistance by the non-samurai Minamoto and Taira clan members to the war, and no record of any motive for their involvement exists. Furthermore, the Battle of Ōshū was fought between Minamoto no Yoritomo and his last strong enemy, the Northern Fujiwara, years after
1386-490: The Imperial court and, by extension, control of Japan. In the Hōgen Rebellion and in the Heiji Rebellion of earlier decades, the Minamoto attempted to regain control from the Taira and failed. In 1180, Taira no Kiyomori put his grandson Antoku (then only 2 years of age) on the throne after the abdication of Emperor Takakura . Emperor Go-Shirakawa 's son Mochihito felt that he was being denied his rightful place on
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#17327583807661452-552: The Kanmu Heishi bloodline, was eventually destroyed by Minamoto no Yoritomo 's armies at the Battle of Dan-no-ura , the last battle of the Genpei War. This story is told in the Heike Monogatari . This branch of the Kanmu Heishi had many collateral branches, including Hōjō , Chiba , Miura and Hatakeyama . The other major branch of Kanmu Heishi was founded by Takamune-ō (804–867), the eldest son of Prince Imperial Kazurahara and grandson of Emperor Kanmu, who received
1518-456: The Minamoto clan by planning an attack on Yoritomo, while simultaneously pursuing the Taira westward. The Taira set up a temporary Court at Dazaifu in Kyūshū , the southernmost of Japan's main islands. They were forced out soon afterwards by local revolts instigated by Go-Shirakawa, and moved their Court to Yashima . The Taira were successful in beating off an attack by Yoshinaka's pursuing forces at
1584-538: The Minamoto. The Minamoto advantage was considerably enhanced by the defection of Taguchi, a Shikoku warrior who went over to the Minamoto side in the middle of the action. Many of the Taira nobles perished, along with Emperor Antoku and the widow of Kiyomori. The defeat of the Taira armies meant the end of Taira "dominance at the capital". In December 1185, Go-Shirakawa granted to Yoritomo the power to collect taxes, and "appoint stewards and constables in all provinces". Finally, in 1192, after Go-Shirakawa's death, Yoritomo
1650-506: The Taira and Minamoto standards, respectively, as Japan's national colors. Today, these colors can be seen on the flag of Japan , and also in banners and flags in sumo and other traditional activities. It has been pointed out that the Battle of Ōshū fought between the Kamakura government and the Northern Fujiwara in 1189 was in fact the last battle during this period of civil war, as it completed Yoritomo's nationwide domination through
1716-413: The Taira clan had been destroyed. It is true that many members of the Minamoto clan, such as Takeda Nobuyoshi and Minamoto no Yoshinaka , rose to arms against the Taira clan. There were also many who belonged to the Minamoto clan, but who fought for the Taira clan because they had a kinship or a duty to the Taira clan. Although the various Minamoto clans rose up simultaneously, not all of them were under
1782-473: The Taira clan, a call for arms was sent up by Minamoto no Yorimasa and Prince Mochihito. Not knowing who was behind this rally, Kiyomori called for the arrest of Mochihito, who sought protection at the temple of Mii-dera . The Mii-dera monks were unable to ensure him sufficient protection, so he was forced to move along. He was then chased by Taira forces to the Byōdō-in , just outside Kyoto. The war began thus, with
1848-492: The Taira clan. The mon (crest, emblem) of the Taira clan is an Agehanochō (揚羽蝶, Swallowtail butterfly ) with raised wings. Takeda clan The Takeda Clan ( 武田氏 , Takeda-shi ) was a Japanese samurai clan active from the late Heian period until the late 16th century. The clan was historically based in Kai Province in present-day Yamanashi Prefecture . The clan reached its greatest influence under
1914-474: The Taira to flee the city. Taira no Munemori , head of the clan since his father Kiyomori's death, led his army, along with the young Emperor Antoku and the Imperial regalia , to the west. The cloistered emperor Go-Shirakawa defected to Yoshinaka. Go-Shirakawa then issued a mandate for Yoshinaka to "join with Yukiie in destroying Munemori and his army". In 1183, Yoshinaka once again sought to gain control of
1980-599: The Takeda army came to be known as the Kiba Gundan (騎馬軍団), or 'mounted army'. Up until the mid-16th century and Shingen's rise to power, mounted samurai were primarily archers. There was already a trend at this time towards larger infantry -based armies, including a large number of foot archers. In order to defeat these missile troops, Shingen transformed his samurai from archers to lancers . Shingen died on May 13, 1573, at age 53 from illness. His son Takeda Katsuyori (1546–1582) effectively succeeded Shingen though
2046-516: The Takeda began to quickly expand from their base in Kai Province. In 1559, Harunobu changed his name to the better-known Takeda Shingen. He faced the Hōjō clan a number of times, and most of his expansion was to the north, where he fought his most famous battles against Uesugi Kenshin . This series of regional skirmishes is known as the Battles of Kawanakajima . The battles began in 1553, and
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2112-663: The Takeda clan was Takeda Nobushige , who wrote the Kyujukyu Kakun , which introduced the 99 rules for the clan members. Takeda Nobumitsu , who was a noted warrior under the Hojo shikken of Kamakura, became a monk and founded the Takeda family of Kai. Another important figure was Minamoto no Yoshimitsu, who developed the Daito-ryu Aikijujutsu / Takeda-ryu . Other noted members include Nobuyoshi , Nobutora , Harunobu (Shingen) , Katsuyori , Matsuhime Takeda
2178-562: The Takeda had a different name when they created a cadet branch. It is also acknowledged that members of the clan married into other Japanese families. During the Tokugawa period , several daimyō families were direct descendants of the Takeda. In 1868, these daimyō families were : In 1868, two branches named Takeda were also ranked among the Kōke (the High Families). This title
2244-678: The Zinja Monk Jebu, and the Noblewoman Lady Shima Taniko. The names of the two rival clans have been changed, "Minamoto" to "Muratomo" and "Taira" to "Takashi". Another fictionalized account of the conflict forms the central plot of "Civil War" (also known as "Turbulent Times"), the ninth volume of Osamu Tezuka 's celebrated Phoenix series of comics. The Genpei War is the backdrop for much of Katherine Patterson 's young adult novel, Of Nightingales That Weep . The entire story of Yoshitsune has been told in
2310-410: The annexation of Dewa and Mutsu Province , and that its end marked the establishment of the first military government, the Kamakura shogunate. The terms Genpei Kassen (源平合戦), Genpei Sōran (源平争乱) and Genpei no Tatakai (源平の戦い) are sometimes used in Japan, but it has been argued that it is not appropriate to use the term "Genpei" for this war, as it does not accurately represent the belligerents of
2376-575: The arts and developing the Takeda school of military etiquette. The Kazusa Takeda clan, established at the beginning of the Sengoku period in Kazusa Province in the present-day central area of Chiba Prefecture . Along with the Satomi clan of Awa Province in the southern part of present-day Chiba Prefecture the two clans replaced the dominance of the Chiba clan in the region. The Kazusa Takeda
2442-467: The battle. Katsuyori's position within the clan also became precarious (as he did not fully inherit the clan leadership position); in 1582, two of his relatives defected to the Oda/Tokugawa alliance and Nobunaga succeeded in destroying the Takeda clan shortly thereafter. The campaign saw most of the Takeda followers simply abandoning Katsuyori and the other Takeda family members to their fate. The clan
2508-412: The best known and severest among them was fought on September 10, 1561. Shingen is famous for his tactical genius, and innovations, though some historians have argued that his tactics were not particularly impressive nor revolutionary. Nevertheless, Shingen is perhaps most famous for his use of the cavalry charge at the Battle of Mikatagahara . The strength of Shingen's new tactic became so famous that
2574-507: The command of Minamoto no Yoritomo from the beginning. In fact, the actual Kawachi Genji had no single legitimate lineage, and even if we were to limit ourselves to the succession of Minamoto no Yoshiie , who was the representative samurai of the Kawachi Genji, it was not only Yoritomo who could have claimed that position. Yoritomo was the heir of Yoshitomo, who had risen to that position by killing his father and younger brother during
2640-449: The eastern city of Kamakura . It followed a coup d'état by the Taira in 1179 with the removal of rivals from all government posts, and subsequently banishing them, and a call to arms against the Taira, led by the Minamoto in 1180. The ensuing Battle of Uji took place just outside Kyoto , starting a five-year-long war, concluding with a decisive Minamoto victory in the naval Battle of Dan-no-ura . However, it has been pointed out that
2706-538: The emperor, who was compelled to govern without effective political or military power, being effectively reduced to a purely symbolical and ceremonial head of state, until the Meiji Restoration over 650 years later, though there was a short-lived attempt to restore imperial rule in the 1330s, the Kenmu Restoration . In addition, this war and its aftermath established red and white, the colors of
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2772-472: The emperors of the Heian period (794–1185) to their children and grandchildren who were not considered eligible for the throne. The clan was founded when the Imperial Court grew too large, and the emperor ordered that the descendants of previous emperors from several generations ago would no longer be princes but would instead be given noble surnames and ranks. The decision became applicable during
2838-584: The establishment of these cadet branches, the main Takeda clan in Kai Province is also referred to as the Kai Takeda clan. The Aki Takeda clan , established in Aki Province in the present-day western part of Hiroshima Prefecture . Takeda Nobumitsu (1162–1248), Shugo of Kai, received the governorship of Aki province in 1221. Takeda Nobutake († 1362) was the last Takeda Shugo of the two provinces of Kai and Aki. His elder son Nobunari received Kai and
2904-418: The head of the clan at this time; upon his defeat at the hands of Taira no Kiyomori, two of his sons were killed and the third, Minamoto no Yoritomo, was banished. Following the call to arms of Prince Mochihito and Minamoto no Yorimasa in 1180, the clan would gather together and rise to power again. The Genpei war would see the Minamoto clan defeat the Taira and take command of the entire country. The Taira clan
2970-441: The nominal head of the family was his grandson Takeda Nobukatsu; Katsuyori continued Shingen's aggressive expansion plan south and westward and was initially successful, briefly achieving the largest extent of Takeda rule. However, he was defeated in the Battle of Nagashino in 1575 by Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu . After Nagashino, the Takeda clan fell into sharp decline as it had lost many of its most notable samurai during
3036-472: The north, but were unsuccessful. For nearly two years, the war ceased, only to resume in the spring of 1183. In 1183, the Taira loss at the Battle of Kurikara was so severe that they found themselves several months later under siege in Kyoto with Yoshinaka approaching the city from the north and Yukiie from the east. Both Minamoto leaders had seen little or no opposition in marching to the capital and now forced
3102-477: The primary Taira camps on Honshū. The camp was attacked from two directions by Yoshitsune and Noriyori, and the Taira not killed or captured retreated to Yashima. However, the Minamoto were not prepared to assault Shikoku ; a six-month pause thus ensued during which the Minamoto took the proper steps. Though on the retreat, the Taira enjoyed the distinct advantages of being in friendly, home territories, and of being far more adept at naval combat than their rivals. It
3168-509: The reign of Emperor Kanmu (782–805) and thus, together with the Minamoto clan, the Taira clan was born. Some grandchildren of Emperor Kanmu were the first to bear the name of Taira, after 825 . Later, descendants of Emperor Nimmyo , Emperor Montoku and Emperor Koko also received the surname. The specific hereditary lines of these emperors are referred to by the posthumous name of the emperor followed by Heishi, for example Kanmu Heishi . The Kanmu Heishi line has two major branches. One
3234-575: The rule of Takeda Shingen , one of the most famous rulers of the period. The Takeda are descendants of the Emperor Seiwa (858–876), the 56th Emperor of Japan, and are a branch of the Minamoto clan ( Seiwa Genji ), by Minamoto no Yoshimitsu (1056–1127), son of the Chinjufu-shōgun Minamoto no Yoriyoshi (988-1075), and brother to the famous Minamoto no Yoshiie (1039–1106). Minamoto no Yoshikiyo (1075–1149), son of Yoshimitsu,
3300-497: The third son of Yoshitomo, into exile. In 1180 , Yoritomo organized a large-scale rebellion against the rule of the Taira (the Genpei War or Taira-Minamoto ), culminated with the destruction of the Taira by the Minamoto clan and the subjugation of eastern Japan in five years. In 1192 , Minamoto no Yoritomo received the title shogun and created the first bakufu based in Kamakura (Kanagawa Prefecture). The Taira clan had four main branches: These were important members of
3366-497: The throne and, with the help of Minamoto no Yorimasa , sent out a call to arms to the Minamoto clan and Buddhist monasteries in May. However, this plot ended with the deaths of Yorimasa and Mochihito. In June 1180, Kiyomori moved the seat of imperial power to Fukuhara-kyō , "his immediate objective seems to have been to get the royal family under his close charge." The actions of Taira no Kiyomori having deepened Minamoto hatred for
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#17327583807663432-685: The title of Taira no Ason in the year 825. Members of this branch served as middle-class kuge in the Imperial Court of Kyoto. The Oda clan at the time of Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) also claimed Taira descent, they were descendants of Taira no Chikazane , grandson of Taira no Shigemori (1138–1179). During the Heiji Rebellion (1160), the Seiwa Genji leader, Minamoto no Yoshitomo , died in battle. Taira no Kiyomori gained power in Kyoto forging alliances with retired emperors Shirakawa and Toba . Kiyomori sent Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199),
3498-426: The war. In fact, the head of the Minamoto clan at the time was not a samurai but a court noble, and the first samurai to be the head of the clan was Ashikaga Yoshimitsu in the 14th century. In reality, it was not exclusively a war between the Minamoto clan and the Taira clan, and there were many members of the Taira clan fighting on Minamoto clan's side, as well as members of these two clans serving as court nobles at
3564-481: The younger Ujinobu received Aki province. The Aki Takeda was granted the governorship of Wakasa province in 1440. The Wakasa Takeda clan was established in Wakasa Province in present-day southern Fukui Prefecture , and separates from Aki province in 1500, when Takeda Motonobu (1461-1521) ruled Wakasa, while his uncle Takeda Mototsuna (1441-1505) ruled Aki. The Wakasa Takeda were known for their patronage of
3630-440: Was considered the first samurai government in the history of Japan. Taira no Kiyomori, son and heir of Tadamori, rose to the position of Daijō Daijin (great Minister of State), after his victories in the Hōgen Rebellion (1156) and the Heiji Rebellion (1160). Kiyomori succeeded in enthroning his youngest grandson as Emperor Antoku in 1180, an act that led to the Genpei War (Genpei no Sōran, 1180–1185). The last leader of
3696-406: Was defeated by a force led by Taira no Shigehira at the Battle of Sunomatagawa . However, the "Taira could not follow up their victory." Taira no Kiyomori died from illness in the spring of 1181, and around the same time Japan began to suffer from a famine which was to last through the following year. The Taira moved to attack Minamoto no Yoshinaka , a cousin of Yoritomo who had raised forces in
3762-467: Was defeated by the Taira in the battle of Ishibashiyama . However, he successfully made it to the provinces of Kai and Kōzuke , where the Takeda and other friendly families helped repel the Taira army. Meanwhile, Kiyomori, seeking vengeance against the Mii-dera monks and others, besieged Nara and burnt much of the city to the ground. Fighting continued the following year, 1181. Minamoto no Yukiie
3828-402: Was effectively eliminated, although descendants of the Takeda clan would take prominent positions in the Tokugawa shogunate , established in 1603. Takeda is also a fairly common family name in modern Japan, though it is unlikely that everyone with the Takeda name is descended from this noble house (several divisions of the family have the Takeda name). In fact, most of the real descendants of
3894-408: Was first defeated at Ishibashiyama (1181), Takeda Nobuyoshi (1128–86) was applied for help, and the Takeda sent an army of 25,000 soldiers to support Yoritomo. Takeda Nobumitsu (1162–1248), son of Nobuyoshi, fought against the Taira, against Kiso Yoshinaka (1184), distinguished himself in the Battle of Ichinotani (1184), and was appointed Shugo (Governor) of Kai province. He also fought against
3960-561: Was founded in 889 by Taira no Takamochi (great-grandson of the 50th Emperor Kanmu , who reigned from 781 to 806 ) proved to be the strongest and most dominant line during the Heian period . A great-grandson of Takamochi, Taira no Korehira , moved to Ise Province (currently part of Mie Prefecture ) and established an important Daimyo dynasty. Masamori , his grandson; and Tadamori , his great-grandson, became loyal supporters of Emperor Shirakawa and Emperor Toba , respectively. Later, Tadamori's son, Taira no Kiyomori , created what
4026-705: Was given to descendants of great dispossessed daimyo families of the Kamakura period to Sengoku period such as the Takeda, the Kyōgoku , the Rokkaku , the Ōtomo , the Toki , the Isshiki and the Hatakeyama clans. They received a pension from the shogunate and had privileged missions confided to them. Three major cadet branches of the Takeda clan were established across Japan, along with several smaller branches. Due to
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#17327583807664092-533: Was granted the governorship of Wakasa province (1440). Takeda Nobukata (1420–71) inherited the titles of Shugo of Wakasa from his brother Nobuhide, and that of Shugo of Aki from his father Nobushige. During the Ōnin War (1467–77) he occupied Tango province that belonged to Isshiki Yoshinao and received the governorship of Tango province (1469). His brother Takeda Kuninobu (1437–90) inherited the titles of Shugo of Aki, Wakasa, and Tango provinces, but lost Tango in 1474. Until
4158-408: Was granted the imperial commission Sei-i Tai Shōgun . This was the beginning of a feudal state in Japan, with real power now in Kamakura . However, Kyoto remained the "seat of national ceremony and ritual" and the de jure capital. The end of the Genpei War and beginning of the Kamakura shogunate marked the rise to power of the warrior class ( samurai ) and the gradual suppression of the power of
4224-540: Was not until nearly a year after the battle of Ichi-no-Tani that the main Taira force at Yashima came under assault . Seeing Yoshitsune's bonfires in their rear, the Taira had not expected a land-based attack and took to their ships. This was a deceptive ploy on the part of the Minamoto, however. The Taira improvised imperial palace fell, and many escaped along with the Imperial regalia and the Emperor Antoku. The Genpei War came to an end one month later, following
4290-501: Was one of the four great clans which dominated Japanese politics during the Heian period (794–1185). As a result of the near-total destruction of their rival clan, the Minamoto, in the Heiji Rebellion of 1160, Taira no Kiyomori, head of the clan, initiated the Genpei War at the height of his power. The end of the war, however, brought destruction to the Taira clan. Many stories and works of art depict this conflict. The Tale of
4356-492: Was the first to take the name of Takeda, which he took when his father granted him Takeda domain in Hitachi Province ; thereafter, he was known as Takeda Yoshikiyo. In the 12th century, at the end of the Heian period, the Takeda family-controlled Kai Province . Along with a number of other families, they supported their cousin Minamoto no Yoritomo against the Taira clan in the Genpei War (1180–85). When Yoritomo
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