42-684: Tōtaranui is a 1 km long beach and the site of a large campsite in the Tasman Region of New Zealand administered by the Department of Conservation (DOC). It is located in Abel Tasman National Park toward the northern end of the Abel Tasman Track and is often used as a starting or finishing point for the walk. Tōtaranui is noted for the golden colour of its sand, more intense than other beaches in
84-558: A Te Rauparaha nui / A record of the life of the great Te Rauparaha . Another biography of Te Rauparaha was one published in the early 20th century. It was written by William Travers and was called the Stirring Times of Te Rauparaha . A memorial to Te Rauparaha is established in Ōtaki and Te Rauparaha Arena in Porirua is named after him. In 2005, a panel of historians and journalists ranked Te Rauparaha 16th out of
126-574: A campaign to have the governor, Robert FitzRoy recalled. The last years of Te Rauparaha's life saw the most dramatic changes. On 16 October 1839 the New Zealand Company expedition commanded by Col William Wakefield arrived at Kapiti. They were seeking to buy vast areas of land with a view to forming a permanent European settlement. Te Rauparaha sold them some land in the area that became known later as Nelson and Golden Bay . Te Rauparaha had requested that Rev. Henry Williams send
168-625: A celebration of life over death after his lucky escape from pursuing enemies. This haka or challenge, has become the most common performed by the Kiwis , the All Blacks and many other New Zealand sports teams before international matches. Te Rauparaha's son Tāmihana was strongly influenced by missionary teaching, especially Octavius Hadfield. He left for England in December 1850 and was presented to Queen Victoria in 1852. After his return he
210-582: A missionary and in November 1839 Octavius Hadfield travelled with Henry Williams, and Hadfield established an Anglican mission on the Kapiti Coast. On 14 May 1840 Te Rauparaha signed a copy of the Treaty of Waitangi , believing that the treaty would guarantee him and his allies the possession of territories gained by conquest over the previous 18 years. On 19 June of that year, he signed another copy of
252-644: A severe outbreak of measles and the growing strength of the southern hapu who worked closely with the growing European whaling community in coastal Otago and at Bluff . A whaling captain John William Dundas Blenkinsop created a fraudulent deed of purchase for the Wairau Valley that was signed in October 1832 by proxy for Te Rauparaha by his brother Mahuranghi. Te Rauaparaha understood the document to be for water and timber from
294-551: A single region in some contexts, but not for local government functions or resource management (planning) functions. Tasman Bay , the largest indentation in the north coast of the South Island , was named after Dutch seafarer, explorer and merchant Abel Tasman . He was the first European to discover New Zealand on 13 December 1642 while on an expedition for the Dutch East India Company . Tasman Bay passed
336-679: Is a local government district in the northwest of the South Island of New Zealand. It borders the Canterbury Region , West Coast Region , Marlborough Region and Nelson City . It is administered by the Tasman District Council , a unitary authority , which sits at Richmond , with community boards serving outlying communities in Motueka and Golden Bay / Mohua . The city of Nelson has its own unitary authority separate from Tasman District, and together they comprise
378-797: Is a large area at the western corner of the north end of the South Island of New Zealand. It covers 9,616 square kilometres and is bounded on the west by the Matiri Ranges, Tasman Mountains and the Tasman Sea . To the north, Tasman and Golden Bays form its seaward edge, and the eastern boundary extends to the edge of Nelson city, and includes part of the Spenser Mountains and the Saint Arnaud and Richmond Ranges . The Victoria Ranges form Tasman's southern boundary and
420-509: Is abundant bush and bird life, golden sand beaches, the unique 40-kilometre sands of Farewell Spit , and good fishing in the bays and rivers. These assets make the district a popular destination for tourists. Tasman is home to three national parks: Abel Tasman National Park (New Zealand's smallest at 225.41 km ), Nelson Lakes National Park (1,017.53 km ) and Kahurangi National Park (4,520 km ). The Maruia Falls, 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of Murchison, were created by
462-426: Is the second most-spoken language. Famous former residents include the "father of nuclear physics" Sir Ernest Rutherford , former Prime Ministers Bill Rowling and Sir Keith Holyoake , and Sir Michael Myers , Chief Justice of New Zealand 1929–1946. The Tasman District has six towns with a population over 1,000. Together, they are home to 60.4% of the district's population. Other towns and settlements include
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#1732794528602504-420: The 1929 Murchison earthquake when a slip blocked the original channel. Tasman District covers 9,615.58 km (3,712.60 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 60,000 as of June 2024, , representing 1.1% of New Zealand's population. The population density was 6.2 people per km . Tasman District had a population of 57,807 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 5,418 people (10.3%) since
546-799: The 2018 census , and an increase of 10,650 people (22.6%) since the 2013 census . There were 28,722 males, 28,887 females and 201 people of other genders in 22,617 dwellings. 2.5% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age was 46.8 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 9,498 people (16.4%) aged under 15 years, 8,523 (14.7%) aged 15 to 29, 26,322 (45.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 13,467 (23.3%) aged 65 or older. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 90.7% European ( Pākehā ); 9.9% Māori ; 2.6% Pasifika ; 4.0% Asian ; 0.8% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 3.2% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
588-468: The Horowhenua , southern Taranaki and Te Wai Pounamu (the South Island ), assembled at Waikanae , with the object of taking Kapiti Island. Crossing in a flotilla of war canoes under cover of darkness, they were met as they disembarked by a force of Ngāti Toa fighters led or reinforced by Te Rauparaha. The ensuing Battle of Waiorua, at the northern end of the island, ended with the rout and slaughter of
630-746: The Treaty of Waitangi , Te Rauparaha was later central to the Wairau Affray in the Marlborough District , considered by many to be the first of the conflicts in the New Zealand Wars . Before he died he directed the building of Rangiātea Church in Ōtaki , a town north of Wellington conquered by Ngāti Toa. Te Rauparaha transformed Ngāti Toa from a small regional tribe to one of the richest and most powerful in New Zealand, permanently changing Māori tribal structures. He
672-555: The 10 years to 2023, economic growth in the district was an average of 4.4% p.a., compared with 3.0% p.a. for all of New Zealand. Te Rauparaha Te Rauparaha ( c. 1768 – 27 November 1849) was a Māori rangatira , warlord , and chief of the Ngāti Toa iwi . One of the most powerful military leaders of the Musket Wars , Te Rauparaha fought a war of conquest that greatly expanded Ngāti Toa southwards, receiving
714-565: The 1920s and 1930s. Fruit-growing started at the end of the 19th century. By 1945, it was making a significant contribution to the local economy, and that importance continues today. As an administrative unit of local government , the Tasman District formed in 1989 within the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council . The Tasman District Council became a unitary authority in 1992. Tasman District
756-577: The Ngāi Tahu chieftain Tamaiharanui, his wife and daughter when they boarded the brig at Stewart's invitation. Several hundred of the Ngāi Tahu were killed both on the Elizabeth and during a surprise landing the next morning. During the voyage back to Kapiti the chief strangled his own daughter Nga Roimata, to save her from expected abuse. Te Rauparaha was incensed and following their arrival at Kapiti
798-461: The Park, the result of a high content of orthoclase minerals in the eroded granite sands of the vicinity. The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "many tōtara trees" for Tōtaranui . The Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri iwi , having been forced out of Queen Charlotte Sound / Tōtaranui by Ngāti Kurī , settled north of the sounds along the coast and may have brought
840-639: The Wairau for Blenkinsop, for a one-off payment of an 18-pound cannon. After this deed was purchased by the New Zealand Company it led to the Wairau Affray in 1843. When a party from Nelson tried to arrest Te Rauparaha and Te Rangihaeta (another Ngāti Toa chief) there was some fighting with loss of life. Twenty two of the arresting party were killed, in part because of the death of Te Rongo, Te Rangihaeata's wife. The subsequent government enquiry exonerated Te Rauparaha which angered settlers who began
882-515: The area suggests considerable warfare interrupted the settlement process. Around 1828, Ngāti Toa (under Te Rauparaha ) and the allied northern tribes of Ngāti Rārua and Ngāti Tama started their invasion of the South Island . They took over much of the area from Farewell Spit to the Wairau River . British immigrant ships from England arrived in Nelson in 1842 and European settlement of
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#1732794528602924-422: The census question. Of those at least 15 years old, 7,281 (15.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 26,712 (55.3%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 11,781 (24.4%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income was $ 35,900, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 4,137 people (8.6%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
966-482: The district's highest point is Mount Franklin , at 2,340 metres. The landscape is diverse, from large mountainous areas to valleys and plains, and is sliced by such major rivers as the Buller , Motueka , Aorere , Tākaka and Wairoa . The limestone -rich area around Mount Owen and Mount Arthur is notable for its extensive cave networks, among them New Zealand's deepest caves at Ellis Basin and Nettlebed . There
1008-640: The epithet "the Napoleon of the South". He remains one of the most prominent and celebrated New Zealand historical figures. Born in Kāwhia in the 1760s, he participated in land sale and negotiations with the New Zealand Company at the beginning of the colonisation of New Zealand . Te Rauparaha's conquests eventually extended Ngāti Toa authority from Miria-te-kakara at Rangitikei to Wellington , and across Cook Strait to Wairau and Nelson . An early signatory to
1050-428: The following: Tasman District Council ( unitary authority ) headquarters are at Richmond , close to the adjoining Nelson City , which is 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) further north. The head of local government is the mayor . Community Boards exist to serve outlying areas in Motueka and Golden Bay . The GDP of the Tasman District was $ NZ 3.11 billion in 2033, representing 0.8% of New Zealand's national GDP. Over
1092-429: The government. Tāmihana returned to his rohe to stop a planned uprising. Tāmihana sold the Wairau land to the government for 3,000 pounds. Grey spoke to Te Rauparaha and persuaded him to give up all outstanding claims to land in the Wairau valley. Then, realising that Te Rauparaha was old and sick, Grey allowed him to return to his people at Ōtaki in 1848. In Ōtaki after his release from captivity, Te Rauparaha provided
1134-540: The landing attackers who were disadvantaged by difficult terrain and weather plus divided leadership. This decisive victory left Te Rauparaha and the Ngāti Toa able to dominate Kapiti and the adjacent mainland. Following the Battle of Waiorua, Te Rauparaha began a series of almost annual campaigns into the South Island with the object in part of seizing the sources of the valuable mineral greenstone . Between 1827 and 1831 he
1176-492: The late 1760s in Kāwhia in the Waikato. In 1822 Ngāti Toa and related tribes were being forced out of their land around Kāwhia after years of fighting with various Waikato tribes often led by Te Wherowhero . Led by Te Rauparaha they began a fighting retreat or migration southwards (this migration was called Te-Heke-Tahu-Tahu-ahi), conquering hapū and iwi as they went south. This campaign ended with Ngāti Toa controlling
1218-481: The materials and labour at his pā for the construction of Rangiātea Church , which was completed in 1851. It later became the oldest Māori church in the country. It was known for its unique mix of Māori and English church design. Te Rauparaha did not live to see the church completed. Te Rauparaha died on 27 November 1849. Te Rauparaha composed " Ka Mate " while hiding on Motuopihi Island in Lake Rotoaira as
1260-841: The name Tōtaranui with them. Once a farming settlement, the only permanent residents now are DOC staff. During summer the population swells by up to 1000 campers plus hikers on the track. Water taxi services from Mārahau link Tōtaranui with other localities around the Park coastline, while a road links Tōtaranui with Tākaka via Pigeon Saddle . Farming ceased after the foundation of the Abel Tasman National Park in 1942 and forest has been allowed to naturally regenerate through manuka and kanuka to its original mix of southern beech and lowland podocarp . 40°49′34″S 173°00′18″E / 40.826°S 173.005°E / -40.826; 173.005 Tasman Region Tasman District ( Māori : Te Tai o Aorere )
1302-538: The name on to the adjoining district, which was formed in 1989 largely from the merger of Waimea and Golden Bay counties. According to tradition, the Māori waka Uruao brought ancestors of the Waitaha people to Tasman Bay in the 12th century. Archaeological evidence suggests that early Māori settlers explored the region thoroughly, settling mainly along the coast where there was ample food. The succession of tribes into
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1344-459: The parents and other prisoners were killed, Tamaiharanui after prolonged torture. In 1831 he took the major Ngāi Tahu pā at Kaiapoi after a three-month siege, and shortly after took Onawe Pā in the Akaroa harbour, but these and other battles in the south were in the nature of revenge ( utu ) raids rather than for control of territory. Further conquests to the south were brought to a halt by
1386-599: The region began under the leadership of Captain Arthur Wakefield . From 1853 to 1876, the area of the present-day Tasman District formed part of Nelson Province . In the 1850s, agriculture and pastoral farming started and villages developed on the Waimea Plains and at Motueka. In 1856, the discovery of gold near Collingwood sparked New Zealand's first gold rush . Significant reserves of iron ore were found at Onekaka , where an ironworks operated during
1428-541: The southern part of the North Island and particularly the strategically placed Kapiti Island , which became the tribal stronghold for a period. The conquests eventually extended Ngāti Toa authority from Miria-te-kakara at Rangitikei to Wellington , and across Cook Strait to Wairau and Nelson . In 1824 an estimated 2,000 to 3,000 warriors, making up a coalition of tribes from the East Coast, Whanganui ,
1470-536: The treaty, when Major Thomas Bunbury insisted that he do so. In May 1846 fighting broke out in the Hutt Valley between settlers and Te Rauparaha's nephew, Te Rangihaeata. Despite his declared neutrality, Te Rauparaha was arrested after the British captured secret letters from Te Rauparaha which showed he was playing a double game. He was charged with supplying weapons to Māori who were in open insurrection. He
1512-472: Was able to extend the control of Ngāti Toa and their allies over the northern part of the Southern Island. His base for these sea-based raids remained Kapiti. During this period Pākehā whaling stations became established in the region with Te Rauparaha's encouragement and the participation of many Māori. Some Māori women married Pākehā whalers and a lucrative two-way trade of supplies for muskets
1554-468: Was also an accomplished composer of haka with " Ka Mate " being well known due to its performance in sport . In 2005, a panel of historians and journalists ranked Te Rauparaha 16th out of the 100 most influential figures in New Zealand history . Te Rauparaha's mother was Parekōwhatu (Parekōhatu) of the Ngāti Raukawa iwi and his father was Werawera of Ngāti Toa . He is thought to have been born in
1596-519: Was captured near a tribal village Taupo Pā in what would later be called Plimmerton , by troops acting for the Governor, George Grey , and held without trial under martial law before being exiled to Auckland where he was held in the ship Calliope . His son, Tāmihana , was studying Christianity in Auckland and Te Rauparaha gave him a solemn message that their iwi should not take utu against
1638-525: Was established, thereby increasing Te Rauparaha's mana and military strength. By the early 1830s Te Rauparaha had defeated a branch of the Rangitane iwi in the Wairau Valley and gained control over that area. Te Rauparaha then hired the brig Elizabeth , captained by John Stewart, to transport himself and approximately 100 warriors to Akaroa Harbour with the aim of attacking the local tribe, Ngāi Tahu . Hidden below deck Te Rauparaha and his men captured
1680-723: Was one of the Māori to create the idea of a Māori king . However he broke away from the king movement and later became a harsh critic when the movement became involved with the Taranaki-based anti-government fighter Wiremu Kingi . Tāmihana wrote biography of Te Rauparaha between 1866 and 1869 that was held in the Sir George Grey Special Collections at Auckland Libraries . This biography was translated by Ross Calman and published by Auckland University Press in 2020 called He pukapuka tātaku i ngā mahi
1722-556: Was spoken by 97.8%, Māori language by 2.0%, Samoan by 0.5% and other languages by 9.2%. No language could be spoken by 1.5% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.5%. The percentage of people born overseas was 21.2, compared with 28.8% nationally. Religious affiliations were 27.0% Christian , 0.4% Hindu , 0.2% Islam , 0.3% Māori religious beliefs , 1.0% Buddhist , 0.7% New Age , 0.1% Jewish , and 1.1% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 61.4%, and 8.1% of people did not answer
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1764-524: Was that 22,566 (46.7%) people were employed full-time, 7,983 (16.5%) were part-time, and 870 (1.8%) were unemployed. The main iwi represented in the wider Tasman region are Ngati Rarua, Ngati Tama (Golden Bay / Mohua and Tasman Bay), Te Atiawa, Ngati Koata, Ngati Kuia (eastern Tasman Bay) and the Poutini Ngāi Tahu (southern areas). In Tasman District, German is the second most-spoken language after English, whereas in most regions of New Zealand Māori
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