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33-1012: In November 2013, the Museum of the Confederacy and the American Civil War Center at Tredegar merged, creating the American Civil War Museum. Its current name was announced in January 2014. The Museum of the Confederacy was founded in 1894. It is located in the house that served as the White House of the Confederacy , two blocks north of the Virginia State Capitol , which the Ladies Hollywood Memorial Association saved from destruction. It opened as

66-608: A Welsh town and iron works. In 1841 Deane hired Joseph Reid Anderson as commercial sales agent. Under Joseph Reid Anderson's ownership, Tredegar manufactured an array of items including locomotives, train wheels, spikes, cables, ships, boilers, naval hardware, iron machinery, and brass items. In 2019, the museum completed a major new building on the site of the Tredegar Iron Works in downtown Richmond. The new building features more than 7,000 square feet of new gallery space for permanent and changing exhibitions of items from

99-509: A commission for design and construction of the White House in the new capital. During this time, Mills met Thomas Jefferson , who became the first full-term resident of the new presidential residence as the nation's third president . In 1802, Mills moved to Philadelphia , where he became an associate and student of Benjamin Henry Latrobe . Philadelphia buildings designed by Mills are Washington Hall, Sansom Street Baptist Church, and

132-535: A student in the lower school at the College of Charleston and of Irish architect James Hoban , and later worked with him on his commission for the White House . This became the official home of US presidents. Both Hoban and Mills were Freemasons . Mills also studied and worked with Benjamin Henry Latrobe of Philadelphia . He designed numerous buildings in Philadelphia, Baltimore, and South Carolina, where he

165-796: Is considered "the most significant prison building in the United States", according to the Historic Burlington County Prison Museum Association. Also in 1811, Mills was involved in a significant renovation and remodeling of [Old] St. Mary's Church in Burlington, New Jersey, including the addition of a new semi-octagonal apse on the east end of the building. In 1812, Mills designed the Monumental Church in Richmond, Virginia . It

198-845: The American Civil War . Construction of the monument resumed in 1879 after the Reconstruction era . It was dedicated in 1885, thirty years after the architect's death. He also designed the Department of Treasury building, east of the Executive Mansion ( White House ), and several other federal buildings in Washington, D. C., including the U.S. Patent Office Building , patterned after the Parthenon . It has been renovated and adapted as two adjoining museums of

231-742: The Appomattox Court House National Historical Park , the American Civil War Museum – Appomattox tells the stories of the closing days of the Civil War, and the beginnings of the United States' journey toward reunion. The museum is situated on eight acres of land and contains 5,000 square feet for exhibits. The location changed its name in 2017 as part of the transition into the American Civil War Museum. Historic Tredegar, home to The American Civil War Museum, traces its roots to 1836, when Francis B. Deane founded Tredegar Iron Works. He named his Richmond plant for

264-791: The National Park Service ; and William J. Cooper Jr. of LSU have each served as members of the museum's governing board. White House of the Confederacy Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 227615652 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 08:32:30 GMT Robert Mills (architect) Robert Mills (August 12, 1781 – March 3, 1855)

297-691: The Old Horry County Courthouse , Union County Jail , and Wilson House , which have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places . In 1836, Mills won the competition for the design of the Washington Monument on the future Mall of the National Capital, Washington D.C. This is his best known work. Construction began in 1848, but was interrupted in 1854 and postponed by the outbreak of

330-933: The Smithsonian Institution : the Smithsonian American Art Museum and the National Portrait Gallery ). He also designed the old General Post Office . In South Carolina, Mills designed county courthouses in at least 18 counties, some of the public buildings in the capital Columbia , and a few private homes. He also designed portions of the Landsford Canal in Chester County , on the Catawba River in South Carolina. Mills

363-596: The Antebellum South ; Embattled Emblem: The Army of Northern Virginia Battle Flag, 1861 – Present ; A Woman's War: Southern Women, Civil War, and the Confederate Legacy ; R. E. Lee: The Exhibition ; The Confederate Navy ; and Virginia and the Confederacy: A Quadricentennial Perspective . The Museum of the Confederacy was founded by Richmond's society ladies, starting with Isabel Maury, who

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396-630: The Assumption of Mary). The mansion was later occupied from 1857 to 1892 by the Maryland Club , a dining and leisure society of Southern-leaning gentlemen. Mills designed the nation's first Washington Monument , located in Baltimore with four surrounding park squares. These were named Washington Place along the north–south axis of North Charles Street, and Mount Vernon Place along East and West Monument streets. This development took place in

429-474: The Confederate Museum and White House of the Confederacy on February 22, 1896, the anniversary of Jefferson Davis 's inauguration. The house was named a National Historic Landmark in 1963 and Virginia Historic Landmark in 1966. A new building next door was built in 1976 for the expanding collection (and a 12-year restoration of the building began). In 2006, museum officials announced that neither

462-858: The Department of Virginia. Following the end of Reconstruction, the House became a school—the Richmond Central School. When the city announced its plans to demolish the building to make way for a more modern school building in 1890, the Confederate Memorial Literary Society was formed with the purpose of saving the White House from destruction. Opened in 2012 as the Museum of the Confederacy – Appomattox, in Appomattox, Virginia , adjacent to

495-848: The Octagon Church for the First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia . He also designed the Upper Ferry Bridge covering. In 1807, Mills designed the First Presbyterian Church in Augusta, Georgia , built between 1809 and 1812. In 1808, Mills created blueprints for a prison to be used mostly for reform of prisoners. In 1811, the prison was constructed in Mt. Holly, New Jersey . "With the possible' exception of Eastern States Penitentiary in Philadelphia, it

528-690: The Virginia State Capitol. President of the Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis , his wife Varina , and their children moved into the house in August 1861, and lived there for the remainder of the war. President Davis maintained an at-home office on the second floor of the White House due to his poor health. The house was abandoned during the evacuation of Richmond on April 2, 1865. Within twelve hours, soldiers from Major General Godfrey Weitzel 's XVIII Corps seized

561-464: The centennial anniversary of the Civil War, the museum's governing board determined that it wanted to see the museum evolve from a shrine to a more modern museum. In 1963, the CMLS hired its first museum professional as executive director, and in 1970, changed the name of the institution to "The Museum of the Confederacy." Visitors peaked at 91,000 per year in the early 1990s but were down to around 51,000 in

594-538: The early 2000s. The White House of the Confederacy is a gray stuccoed neoclassical mansion built in 1818 by John Brockenbrough , who was president of the Bank of Virginia. Designed by Robert Mills , Brockenbrough's private residence was built in early nineteenth century on East Clay Street in Richmond 's affluent Shockoe Hill neighborhood (later known as the Court End District), and was two blocks north of

627-421: The former Confederate White House, intact. During his tour of Richmond, President Abraham Lincoln visited Davis's former residence, and it was where Union officers held a number of meetings with local officials in the aftermath. During Reconstruction , the building served as part of the headquarters for Military District Number One (Virginia), and was occasionally used as the residence of the commanding officer of

660-507: The museum nor the building would be moved. In 2017, the location became a part of the American Civil War Museum. It maintains a collection of flags, weapons, documents, and personal effects related to the Confederacy, and offers tours of the home restored to its 1861–65 appearance. The museum houses more than 15,000 documents and artifacts along with 500 original, wartime, battle flags from the Confederate States of America . Among

693-549: The museum's collections was built and opened in 1976 adjacent to the White House, on its remaining 0.75-acre (3,000 m) property. The anchor of the first ironclad warship , CSS Virginia , which fought the USS ; Monitor in the Battle of Hampton Roads on March 9, 1862, was displayed in front of the museum. The White House of the Confederacy was closed in 1976, to be restored to its wartime appearance. The restoration project

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726-604: The museum's renowned collections of Civil War artifacts. An “immersion theater” highlighting Richmond's role in the war is still under construction. Several prominent Civil War historians have had connections to the museum. Douglas Southall Freeman , the biographer of George Washington and Robert E. Lee , started his career at the museum. Jack Davis , Emory M. Thomas , and Harvard University President Drew Gilpin Faust have all done research there. James I. Robertson Jr. , of Virginia Tech ; Edwin C. Bearss , Historian Emeritus of

759-496: The new Mount Vernon-Belvedere neighborhood. This land had formerly been a part of Howard's Woods, the country estate and mansion "Belvedere" of Col. John Eager Howard (1752–1827), north of old Baltimore Town. Howard was a Revolutionary War commander of the famed "Maryland Line" regiment of the Continental Army . Construction on Baltimore's signature landmark began in 1815 and was completed in 1829. In 1820, Mills

792-496: The thousands of other important pieces found there are items owned by Jefferson Davis , Robert E. Lee , Joseph E. Johnston , John Bell Hood , Stonewall Jackson , Simon Bolivar Buckner , J.E.B. Stuart , Joseph Wheeler , Wade Hampton , Lewis Armistead , and Raphael Semmes . The provisional Confederate Constitution and the Great Seal of the Confederacy are also housed there. A newer building to better preserve and exhibit

825-546: The world, Mills was involved in the more local context of building in the Mid-Atlantic States . There, and especially in Washington D.C., many figures were contributing architecture of high quality. To build as Mills did on what is now the National Mall , he had to contend with the strictures of the plan by Pierre Charles L'Enfant , as well as Andrew and Joseph Ellicott . He was likely also influenced by

858-550: Was an American architect and cartographer best known for designing both the first Washington Monument in Baltimore , Maryland , as well as the better known Washington Monument in Washington, D.C. He is sometimes said to be the first native-born American to be professionally trained as an architect. Charles Bulfinch of Boston perhaps has a clearer claim to this honor. Mills studied in Charleston, South Carolina , as

891-564: Was an early advocate of fireproof construction. When a fire broke out in the Kingstree, South Carolina Building, which he designed, the county records on the first floor were protected due to his fireproofing measures. But a fire destroyed much of his Lancaster County, South Carolina Courthouse in August 2008. Mills died in Washington, D.C. , in 1855. He was buried there at the Congressional Cemetery . In 2007, Mills

924-888: Was appointed as acting commissioner of the Board of Public Works in South Carolina . In 1823, he was the superintendent of public buildings. In the next few years, he designed numerous buildings in South Carolina, including court houses, the campus of the University of South Carolina, jails, and the Fireproof Building in Charleston. In 1825, he published the Atlas of the State of South Carolina . One year later, he published Statistics of South Carolina . He designed

957-464: Was appointed as superintendent of public buildings. His Washington Monument in Washington, DC was not completed until 1885, 30 years after his death. Born in Charleston, South Carolina , to Ann (Taylor) and William Mills, Robert received private education as a child and later attended the lower school of the College of Charleston . He then studied with Irish architect James Hoban . Mills followed his mentor Hoban to Washington, D.C. after he received

990-713: Was built to commemorate the deaths of 72 people in the Richmond Theatre fire. Moving to Baltimore , Maryland, Mills designed St. John's Episcopal Church , the Maryland House of Industry, the First Baptist Church of Baltimore at South Sharp and West Lombard streets in 1817, and a Greek Revival mansion at the northeast corner of West Franklin and Cathedral streets (across from the Old Baltimore Cathedral/Basilica of

1023-521: Was completed in 1988, and it reopened for public tours in June 1988. The White House featured extensive reproduction wall coverings and draperies, as well as significant numbers of original White House furnishings from the Civil War period. Notable past exhibitions include: The Confederate Years: Battles, Leaders, and Soldiers, 1861–1865 ; Women in Mourning ; Before Freedom Came: African-American Life in

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1056-615: Was inducted into the South Carolina Business Hall of Fame. The broadest context for Mills' architecture was neoclassical architecture . This was the dominant style of building that was winning architectural design competitions and major projects of the time, both in Europe and in the United States. Under the umbrella of neoclassicism, his designs were partly Palladian , Georgian , and often Greek Revival . Apart from stylistic movements in architecture going on in

1089-588: Was later joined by Ann Crenshaw Grant and Isobel Stewart Bryan. Isabel Maury was the founder of the Museum of the Confederacy but she also was the first Regent of the Confederate Memorial Literary Society (CMLS). The Isabel Maury Planned Giving Society continues the work of Mrs. Isabel Maury, daughter of Robert Henry Maury, who, with the Relics Committee, was instrumental in securing much of the museum's collection. By

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