Xu Xinliu ( Chinese : 徐新六 , used Singloh Hsu as his English name in his lifetime, also known by the courtesy name Zhenfei , 1890 – 1938), was a Chinese banker. He was the general manager of the National Commercial Bank .
21-480: "Zhenfei" redirects here. For Chinese banker with the name "Zhenfei", see Xu Xinliu . Consort Zhen may refer to: Imperial consorts with the surname Zhen [ edit ] Lady Zhen (183–221), first wife of Cao Wei's founding emperor Cao Pi Empress Zhen (Cao Fang) (died 251), wife of Cao Wei's third emperor Cao Fang Empress Zhen (Liao dynasty) (died 951), wife of Emperor Shizong of Liao Imperial consorts with
42-550: A cloud bank and was fired upon by the Japanese planes, their intentions made clear. As the DC-2 was unarmed, Woods put it into a fast dive to find a place to make an emergency landing, but the fields were rice paddies crisscrossed with dikes. Woods saw a river and made a perfect water landing with no injuries or damage; the plane was designed to float. However, Woods soon discovered he was the only person aboard who knew how to swim and
63-571: A different airline, Eurasia . Sun Fo later claimed a secretary had made a mistake and had publicly announced the wrong flight. It was speculated that Sun Fo intentionally announced his departure on the wrong plane, in effect sacrificing the Kweilin so that his real flight could travel unmolested. While the Japanese government never officially acknowledged why or if they attacked the Kweilin , they said henceforth that while they took care they would not accept responsibility for civilian aircraft flying in
84-436: A war zone. The Japanese Foreign Office claimed not to have fired on the aircraft but to have chased it as it was behaving suspiciously. A Japanese-language newspaper, The Hong Kong Nippo , admitted that although Sun Fo was the object of the attack, "our wild eagles intended to capture [him] alive." Three prominent Chinese bankers were among the passengers killed in the incident. They were Hu Yun ( Hu Bijiang ), Chairman of
105-697: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Xu Xinliu He was born in Hangzhou , Zhejiang in 1890. He attended Yangzheng School, Hangzhou and then Nanyang Public School , Shanghai , and then University of Birmingham . In 1912 he was awarded a bachelor's of science degree from the last institution. He also attended institutions in Manchester , England, where he took business courses; and in Paris, where he took courses in finance. In 1917, Xu Xinliu
126-866: The Bank of Communications ; Xu Xinliu , General Manager of The National Commercial Bank ; and Wang Yumei, an executive of the Central Bank of the Republic of China . Their deaths were a significant loss to the Chinese banking industry. The incident was widely reported, due, in part, to its novelty as the first time a civilian airliner had ever been brought down by hostile aircraft. A popular newsreel, titled Kweilin Tragedy , showed to sell-out crowds for weeks in Hong Kong. It had an interview with Woods and showed
147-589: The Kweilin incident on 24 August 1938 at the age of 48. He had a son, Ta-Chun (T.C.) Hsu . Ta-Chun moved to the United States in the 1950s. This China -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kweilin incident The Kweilin incident occurred on August 24, 1938 when a Douglas DC-2 airliner named Kweilin carrying 18 passengers and crew was shot down by Japanese aircraft in China. There were fourteen fatalities. It
168-459: The "mutilated airplane, scattered mail bags, and bullet-riddled corpses." After the incident, CNAC and other carriers began making night flights over China, using a new technology developed in Germany, " Lorenz ", that allowed pilots to follow an auditory radio homing-beacon to the destination. There was diplomatic outrage over the incident. In the United States, it helped solidify the popular view
189-664: The Japan was morally wrong in the war against China, but the incident was not enough to spur the US into action against Japan despite Chinese entreaties. On September 6 an aircraft of the Sino-German Eurasian Aviation Company was attacked near Liuzhou by Japanese fighters while flying from Hong Kong to Yunnan . The company had already stopped flights to Hankou after the Kweilin attack. The Kweilin
210-444: The Japanese planes left. The survivors were Woods, the radio operator Joe Loh and a wounded passenger, Lou Zhaonian. The dead included two women, a five-year-old boy and a baby. One victim had been hit thirteen times. It was speculated that the reason for the attack was to assassinate Chinese President Sun Yat-sen 's only son, Sun Fo , who was expected to be on the Kweilin . In fact Sun Fo had taken an earlier flight that day with
231-598: The United States into action against Japan despite Chinese entreaties. The Kweilin was rebuilt, renamed as the Chungking and destroyed by the Japanese army in a second attack two years later. DC-2 number 32 Kweilin was owned by the China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC), one of the first commercial airlines in China. It was operated under contract by Pan American pilots and management who were mostly American in 1938. The plane
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#1732765993430252-787: The political and economic conditions of various countries after the war, and was appointed as the Chinese representative of the Reparations Committee of the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920) and a special member of the Chinese delegation. Lin Yutang noted that Xu Xinliu read foreign books in their original languages, citing an example of him reading works by Anatole France . Tao Menghe [ zh ] introduced Hu Shih to Xu Xinliu, and in turn, Xu Xinliu introduced Hu Shih to Liang Qichao. Later Xu Xinliu helped Hu Shih financially. Xu Xinliu died in
273-421: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Consort Zhen . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consort_Zhen&oldid=1196658608 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
294-464: The swift current bore the plane into full view of the circling Japanese planes. They began to strafe it with machine gun fire. Woods saw an unused boat on shore and swam to retrieve it. During the swim he was repeatedly strafed with machine gun fire but was not hit. On reaching shore, he saw the plane had drifted far down river and was so riddled with bullets it was sinking with only the tail and wing still visible. After about an hour of continuous attacks
315-610: The title Consort Zhen [ edit ] Consort Chang (1808–1860), concubine of the Daoguang Emperor, known as Consort Zhen at one point during their marriage Empress Dowager Ci'an (1837–1881), wife of the Xianfeng Emperor, known as Noble Consort Zhen before she became the empress Pearl Concubine (1876–1900) or Consort Zhen, concubine of the Guangxu Emperor Topics referred to by
336-455: The unprecedented Kweilin Incident two years earlier, attacks on commercial aircraft had become more common during the course of World War II. It received some local coverage for about a week but was not an international incident. For CNAC it was their second loss to a Japanese attack. Chang-Kan Chien, an American-educated Chinese architect and bridge engineer who oversaw the construction of
357-527: Was low on fuel, the airstrip had been attacked by five Japanese fighters minutes before and they were still circling nearby. The Japanese saw the DC-2 land and attacked it just as it rolled to a stop. The first bullet to enter the plane killed Kent instantly. The remaining passengers and crew tried to exit the plane but were either hit while inside or caught in the open while running across the airstrip. Nine were killed (2 crew and 7 passengers). The Chungking then burst into flames and would never fly again. Unlike
378-753: Was on a routine civilian passenger flight from the British colony of Hong Kong to Wuzhou , the first stop en route to Chongqing and Chengdu in Sichuan province. From Hong Kong, Chengdu was over 750 miles (1,210 km) to the northwest. The flight had fourteen passengers, plus a steward, radio operator Joe Loh, copilot Lieu Chung-chuan, and American pilot Hugh Leslie Woods. The Kweilin left Hong Kong at 8:04 am. At 8:30 am, soon after entering Chinese airspace, Woods spotted eight Japanese pontoon-fitted planes in what he believed to be an attacking formation. Woods took evasive maneuvers by circling into
399-479: Was retrieved from the river bottom, re-built, and put back into service as DC-2 number 39, the Chungking . Its former name was not advertised in order to assuage superstitious passengers who might not want to fly in an unlucky plane. On October 29, 1940, American pilot Walter "Foxie" Kent landed Chungking at the rural Changyi Airfield in Yunnan with 9 passengers and 3 crew including himself. Unknown to Kent, who
420-635: Was serving as Secretary of the Ministry of Finance and twice assisted Liang Qichao in borrowing loans from Japanese businessmen. In November, Liang Qichao resigned angrily due to disagreements with Duan Qirui on the Sichuan Civil War. Xu Xinliu also left the Ministry of Finance and became treasury supervisor of the Bank of China. In the same year, he went to Europe with Liang Qichao to inspect
441-420: Was the first civilian airliner in history to be shot down by hostile aircraft. The pilot was American and the crew and passengers Chinese. As it was unprecedented for a civilian aircraft to be attacked, there was international diplomatic outrage over the incident. In the United States, it helped solidify the view that Japan was morally wrong in its war against China , however the incident was not enough to spur
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