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23-452: Gaspard de Chabrol , prefect of Paris, proposed building a canal from the river Ourcq, 100 km northeast of Paris, to supply the city with fresh water to support a growing population and help avoid diseases such as dysentery and cholera , while also supplying fountains (including the monumental Elephant of the Bastille ) and allowing the streets to be cleaned. Construction of the canal

46-509: A blockade; the fortress surrendered on 15 May. Subsequently, Savona was annexed to the Kingdom of Sardinia -Piedmont (1815). Eventually, it became part of the unified Kingdom of Italy , now a republic. During the 20th century Savona became a regional industrial hub. The town is situated 40 kilometres (25 miles) west of Genoa and circa 150 km (93 mi) (east) of Nice , in France, on

69-633: A highway. The entrance to the canal from the vast terminal basin (Bassin de la Villette) of the Canal de l'Ourcq is at a double lock near the Place de Stalingrad . Continuing towards the river Seine , the canal is bordered by the Quai de Valmy on the right bank and the Quai de Jemmapes on the left, passing through three more double staircase locks before disappearing under the three successive voûtes (tunnels) – du Temple, Richard-Lenoir and Bastille – to emerge in

92-530: A noble and statesman. Graduating from the École Polytechnique , Chabrol was designated ingénieur des ponts et chaussées (18 April 1796), but was soon after sent to Egypt as part of the scientific commission which followed Napoleon's campaign . He published several works inspired by his time in Egypt, ranging from topographical studies to an essay on the mores of the Egyptian people. Between 1803 and 1806 he

115-518: A short gap in 1830. Despite the calls for dismissal of some ultra-loyalists after the Bourbon Restoration , Louis XVIII refused to depose him, claiming that "M. de Chabrol married the city of Paris, and I abolished the divorce". Indeed, in 1816 he was made a count . He is to be credited with creating more than 130 public roads, extending the sewer system, as well as with paving several of Paris's streets and boulevards. The pavement

138-402: Is also popular with students. The canal can be accessed from the following Paris Métro stations: Stalingrad , République , Goncourt , (Paris Métro) Jacques Bonsergent , Jaurès . Art The canal inspired painters such as Alfred Sisley (1839-1899). In the present day, many intricate works of graffiti are visible along the canal, and there is a large multimedia art space on its banks at

161-519: Is credited with originating the phrase " Hundred Days " - les cent jours , in his speech welcoming the returning Louis XVIII . Savona Savona ( Italian: [saˈvoːna] ; Ligurian : Sann-a [ˈsaŋːa] ) is a seaport and comune in the west part of the northern Italian region of Liguria , capital of the Province of Savona , in the Riviera di Ponente on

184-708: Is elected to the Chamber of Deputies as a representative of Puy-de-Dôme. He holds this position until the advent of the July Monarchy in 1830, when he resigns both as Prefect of the Seine and as deputy. Nevertheless, he was re-elected deputy of Puy-de-Dome in 1839 and 1842. He died on 30 April 1843 in Paris at the age of 69. He is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery . Chabrol was the recipient of

207-660: The Légion d'honneur in 1811, under Napoleon, and continued to be decorated under the restored monarchy as well, finally being given the highest rank, the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, in 1829, by Charles X . He is commemorated in the rue de Chabrol  [ fr ] , opened in 1822 between rue La Fayette and boulevard de Magenta , and to the cité de Chabrol  [ fr ] which links cour de la Ferme-Saint-Lazare  [ fr ] to rue de Chabrol. He

230-757: The Mediterranean Sea . Savona is the main center of the Italian Riviera . One of the most celebrated former inhabitants of Savona was the navigator Christopher Columbus , who farmed land in the area while chronicling his journeys. 'Columbus's house', a cottage situated in the Savona hills, lay between vegetable crops and fruit trees. It is one of several residences in Liguria associated with Columbus. Inhabited in ancient times by Ligures tribes, it came under Roman influence in c. 180 BC, after

253-464: The Port de l'Arsenal , the principal port for boats visiting and residing in Paris. Today, the canal is a popular destination for Parisians and tourists. Some take cruises on the canal in passenger boats. Others watch the barges and other boats navigate the series of locks and pass under the attractive cast-iron footbridges. There are many popular restaurants and bars along the open part of the canal, which

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276-601: The Punic wars in which the city had been allied to Carthage . After the fall of the Western Roman Empire , it passed under Lombard rule in 641 AD (being destroyed in the attack), after a short period as an Ostrogoth and then Byzantine possession. Later it recovered as a county seat in the Carolingian Empire . In the 10th century its bishops were Counts of Savona, but later the countship passed to

299-519: The Republic of Genoa before being definitively conquered in 1528. The Genoese destroyed the upper town and buried the port. It then shared the fortunes of the Republic of Genoa until Napoleonic times. In 1809 the city received Pope Pius VII , prisoner of Napoleon Bonaparte, for a few years. Between April and mid-May 1800, Austrian forces besieged the city while a small British naval force maintained

322-742: The Marquesses of Montferrat (981) and afterwards to the Marquesses Del Vasto  [ it ] (1084). After a long struggle against the Saracens , Savona acquired independence in the 11th century, becoming a free municipality allied with the Holy Roman Emperor (similar to a free imperial city ). Savona was the center of religious culture (13th to 16th centuries) due to the work of two important monasteries: Dominican and Franciscan . Subsequently, it fought against

345-446: The day and 5 °C (41 °F) at night. In the warmest month – July and August – the average temperature is 28 °C (82 °F) during the day and 20 °C (68 °F) at night. Generally, a typical summer season lasts about 4 to 6 months, from May/June to September/October. The daily temperature range is limited, with an average range of about 7 °C (13 °F) between high and low temperatures. Rain occurs mainly in autumn,

368-500: The former municipal undertakers building at 104 rue d'Aubervilliers ('104'). Film and television Music Literature Gaspard de Chabrol Gilbert Joseph Gaspard, comte de Chabrol de Volvic (25 September 1773, Riom , Puy-de-Dôme – 30 April 1843, Paris) was a French official. Gaspard de Chabrol was born on the 25 September 1773 in Riom, Puy-de-Dôme, Auvergne, the youngest son of Gaspard-Claude-François, comte de Chabrol,

391-607: The newly annexed Italian territory. After the annexation of the Papal States in 1809, Chabrol also served as an Imperial Commissioner to the Pope, effectively acting as a jailer of Pius VII during his exile to Savona , issuing him with a "guard of honor" that insured both the Pope's safety and his compliance. He was named prefect of the Seine (and thus Prefect of Paris ) by Napoleon in 1812, an office he held until 1836, with

414-499: The reorganization of high schools, in the restoration of the Sorbonne and in the establishment of primary education. Between 1820 and 1821 he created two adult education courses in Paris (precursor of today's ' Éducation populaire '), directed by Monsieur Delahaye. Outside the capital, he also created and financed the École d'Architecture et de Sculpture de Volvic (now the École Départementale d'Architecture de Volvic ). In 1816 he

437-487: The summers being generally dry. Sunshine hours total above 2,097 per year, from an average 4 hours of sunshine duration per day in winter to average 9 hours in summer. Savona usually sees snow once or twice per year. Rari Nantes Savona is an aquatic sports club, mainly known for its professional men's water polo team, which competes uninterruptedly in the Serie A1 , the top division of Italian championship, since 1982;

460-528: The western Italian Riviera , between the Ligurian Sea and the Ligurian Alps . Savona has a borderline humid subtropical ( Cfa ) and Mediterranean climate ( Csa ). The average yearly temperature is around 19 °C (66 °F) during the day and 12 °C (54 °F) at night. In the coldest months: January, February and December, the average temperature is 11 °C (52 °F) during

483-437: Was edged with volcanic stone from Volvic , thus boosting his namesake town. He also began the gradual conversion of the city lighting to gaslight . Under his supervision the first statistical research of the city of Paris was undertaken beginning with 1821, which marked a transition to a more scientific approach to urban planning. He is particularly remembered for his services to education, having taken an active interest in

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506-506: Was ordered by Napoleon I in 1802 and construction took place until 1825, funded by a new tax on wine. The canal was also used to supply Paris with grain, building materials and other goods, carried on canal boats. Two ports were created on the canal in Paris to unload the boats: Port de l'Arsenal and the Bassin de la Villette . By the 1960s, traffic had dwindled to a trickle and the canal narrowly escaped being filled in and paved over for

529-417: Was subprefect of the town of Pontivy , which the central authorities were trying to turn into an administrative and military center of a highly royalist Brittany . Chabrol drew the plans for the "new town", which was renamed Napoléonville in 1804, greatly expanding it by building, among others, law courts, a town hall and a school. Between 1806 and 1812 he was prefect of the department of Montenotte , in

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