110-455: Cherry Hinton is a suburban area of the city of Cambridge , in the Cambridge district, in the county of Cambridgeshire , England. It is around 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of the Cambridge city centre. The rectangular parish of Cherry Hinton occupies the western corner of Flendish hundred on the south-eastern outskirts of the city of Cambridge. (See Hundreds of Cambridgeshire .) In 1931
220-539: A 3,500- year-old farmstead discovered at the site of Fitzwilliam College . Archaeological evidence of occupation through the Iron Age is a settlement on Castle Hill from the 1st century BC , perhaps relating to wider cultural changes occurring in southeastern Britain linked to the arrival of the Belgae . The principal Roman site is a small fort ( castrum ) Duroliponte on Castle Hill , just northwest of
330-422: A Gini coefficient of 0.460 in 2018. Local census 1749 Census: Regional District 1801–1901 Civil Parish 1911–1961 District 1971–2011 The town's river link to the surrounding agricultural land, and good road connections to London in the south meant Cambridge has historically served as an important regional trading post. King Henry I granted Cambridge a monopoly on river trade, privileging this area of
440-521: A Friday friends group for the retired, children's activities, a café and works with Hope into Action by maintaining a Hope house. In the Summer a Holiday Bible Club offers a host of activities for young people, while the refugees aid bank has helped many Ukrainian refugees get back on their feet. The Plymouth Brethren have a small group in the village. The Church of the Latter-Day Saints have
550-499: A Sister Design Authority for the type since 1988. The company oversaw the introduction of RAF's 25 second generation C-130J Super Hercules fleet, as well as the retirement of half of the service's first generation aircraft. In addition to its domestic support operations, Marshall Aerospace has supported various international operators' own Hercules fleets. Marshall Group has also signed multiple agreements with US defense conglomerate Lockheed Martin to manufacture various components of
660-537: A Tristar at Cambridge on 16 January 1991; it was repainted in "desert colours" overnight and flown back to the Gulf for operations on 17 January 1991, the first full day of Operation Desert Storm . During the 2010s, Marshall Aerospace opened a new main paint bay, which it claimed to be one of the largest in Europe, being big enough to accommodate an entire Boeing 747 . Besides aerospace, Marshall operates other divisions in
770-559: A barber, a hairdresser, Dorrington's Bakery, two pharmacies, a craft shop, two Indian restaurants, a dry cleaners, two Indian market/food shops, two turf accountants and a post office. There is a village hall and sports leisure centre (Cherry Hinton Village Leisure Centre) adjacent to the village library, with services currently operated on behalf of the City Council. The sports centre offers badminton, 5-a-side football, basketball as well as exercise classes and room hire. The village has
880-562: A cathedral, traditionally a prerequisite for city status, instead falling within the Church of England Diocese of Ely . In 1962, Cambridge's first shopping arcade, Bradwell's Court, opened on Drummer Street, though this was demolished in 2006. Other shopping arcades followed at Lion Yard, which housed a relocated Central Library for the city, and the Grafton Centre which replaced Victorian housing stock which had fallen into disrepair in
990-544: A creative Catholic style. The vicar is Revd Dr Karin Voth Harman, who was Priest in Charge from 2016 to April 2021 when she was ordained Vicar. The church runs a youth café, meditation space, toddler group, a choir and a food hub alongside normal church services. The building itself is very old, the original records date from 1201 and parts of the current tower are believed to be at least 900 years old. The chancel dates from
1100-482: A diverse range of fields. Marshall Group Properties owns Cambridge City Airport, where the company has its main base, and a large portion of the land surrounding it. Over the years, it has embarked on various development projects to expand the airport's facilities and build thousands of homes nearby. The airport itself has been owned and operated by the company since 1937. In May 2019, Marshall announced that Cambridge City Airport would be closed to all traffic by 2030 at
1210-657: A frequency of a bus into the centre every 5 minutes, with an average journey time of approximately 20 minutes. Both services stop at the railway station and the Citi 1 additionally serves Addenbrooke's Hospital . A less frequent service (Citi 16/17) runs from St Andrew's Church at the end of Coldham's Lane to the Beehive Retail Park and into town. There are two NHS GP surgeries in the village, one of which (the Cherry Hinton Medical Centre) has
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#17327652782191320-466: A higher-level qualification (e.g. degree, Higher National Diploma , Master's or PhD), much higher than the national average proportion (19.7%). Centre for Cities identified Cambridge as the UK's most unequal city in 2017 and 2018. Residents' income was the least evenly distributed of 57 British cities measured, with its top 6% earners accounting for 19% of its total income and the bottom 20% for only 2%, and
1430-470: A large building at the southern end of the village. There is a library in the centre, which is reopening as the Community Hub in 2024 with more facilities. The village has several clubs and Societies, including: In common with changes in the post-war years many of the residents in employment work outside the village, in Cambridge and elsewhere. There are small industrial units scattered throughout
1540-437: A mayor, although the first recorded mayor, Harvey FitzEustace, served in 1213. City councillors now elect a mayor annually. For electoral purposes the city is divided into 14 wards: Abbey, Arbury , Castle, Cherry Hinton , Coleridge, East Chesterton , King's Hedges , Market, Newnham , Petersfield , Queen Edith's, Romsey , Trumpington , and West Chesterton . At the 2019 election , Labour retained its majority. Each of
1650-609: A multi-year multi-million-pound support contract for the C-130J fleet. Marshall's headquarters is located on an 800-acre site in Cambridge , UK. The group operates worldwide in the fields of aerospace, military land systems and fleet management; the company also cooperated with 67 franchised automotive dealerships across the UK by 2012. Marshall Aerospace has been involved with all levels of aircraft maintenance, modification and conversion for more than seventy years. The company has
1760-407: A national average of 92.12%. Within the university, 84% of undergraduates and 80% of post-graduates identified as white (including overseas students). Cambridge has a much higher than average proportion of people in the highest paid professional, managerial or administrative jobs (32.6% vs. 23.5%) and a much lower than average proportion of manual workers (27.6% vs. 40.2%). In addition, 41.2% have
1870-468: A practice shared with Brookfields Health Centre on Seymour Street, Cambridge, the other (Cherry Hinton Surgery on High Street) is shared with "The Surgery" of Mill Road. There is also a private Osteopath's practice on the High Street. In the High Street there are a number of shops including a Tesco Express supermarket, a Morrison's express, Children's society charity shop, a Sue Ryder charity shop,
1980-487: A primary hub for business aviation operations during 2012. In September 2013, Marshall purchased Hawker Beechcraft 's services branch at Broughton , subsequently rebranding it Marshall Aviation Services as well as being appointed Hawker's distributor for the UK, Ireland and Scandinavia . That same year, the company also bought FlairJet, an air charter specialist. This move was part of Marshall's strategy to grow its charter fleet five-fold. At this time, Marshall Group
2090-404: A range of different aircraft, for example, one Boeing 747-400, one McDonnell Douglas MD-11 and two Airbus A320s . Marshall also has other hangar space that can hold up to 12 C-130s at a time. Amongst the various facilities it has, the firm possesses the largest quiet test building in Europe. The company has a long history of rapid response to customers, an example being the complete repaint of
2200-582: A regional East Anglian army, which became the mainstay of the Parliamentarian military effort before the formation of the New Model Army . In 1643 control of the town was given by Parliament to Oliver Cromwell , who had been educated at Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge. The town's castle was fortified and garrisoned with troops and some bridges were destroyed to aid its defence. Although Royalist forces came within 2 miles (3 km) of
2310-552: A satellite delivery system, on behalf of Orbital Sciences . Marshall Aerospace was the designated industrial body involved in the Vulcan to the Sky project, which restored Avro Vulcan XH558 to a flight-worthy condition and supported its operations for numerous years. In 1992, Marshall bought AWD Trucks . Production in that subsidiary ended in 1998. Marshall Group has been a long-term partner of Bombardier Aerospace . During 1998,
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#17327652782192420-540: A secret meeting of military leaders held in Trinity College laid the foundation for the allied invasion of Europe. During the war Cambridge served as an evacuation centre for over 7,000 people from London, as well as for parts of the University of London . Cambridge was granted its city charter in 1951 in recognition of its history, administrative importance and economic success. Cambridge does not have
2530-628: A third of English clergy dying in the Black Death, four new colleges were established at the university over the following years to train new clergymen, namely Gonville Hall , Trinity Hall , Corpus Christi , and Clare . In 1382, a revised town charter effected a "diminution of the liberties that the community had enjoyed", due to Cambridge's participation in the Peasants' Revolt . This charter transferred supervision of baking and brewing, weights and measures, and forestalling and regrating , from
2640-513: A total 9343. However, the Ward excluded (at that time) the part of the village East of the old City Boundary. The remaining area accounts for around 3500 people although ONS zones don't align with the village boundary (the LSOAs include Teversham and Fulbourn). The village has a good community, based around several organisations: St Andrew's Church, Cherry Hinton is an Anglican church which practices
2750-613: A village in the Cambridge district of Newnham . Following the Roman withdrawal from Britain around 410, the location may have been abandoned by the Britons , although the site is usually identified as Cair Grauth , as listed among the 28 cities of Britain in the History of the Britons attributed to Nennius . Evidence exists that the invading Anglo-Saxons had begun occupying
2860-494: A well-appointed recreation ground situated on the high street. Here children's play equipment, exercise equipment and football fields for local fixtures are provided. The village also has a park and children's play area, (including a large paddling pool and two tennis courts) in the grounds of Cherry Hinton Hall , which also hosts the internationally recognised annual Cambridge Folk Festival in July. Cherry Hinton mostly falls within
2970-455: Is Pippa Heylings ( Lib Dems ), first elected in 2024. The University of Cambridge formerly had two seats in the House of Commons; Sir Isaac Newton was one of the most notable MPs. The Cambridge University constituency was abolished under 1948 legislation, and ceased at the dissolution of Parliament for the 1950 general election , along with the other university constituencies . Cambridge
3080-433: Is completely enclosed by green belt as a part of a wider environmental and planning policy first defined in 1965 and formalised in 1992. While some small tracts of green belt exist on the fringes of the city's boundary, much of the protection is in the surrounding South Cambridgeshire and nearby East Cambridgeshire districts, helping to maintain local green space, prevent further urban sprawl and unplanned expansion of
3190-850: Is dominated by several college buildings , along with the spire of the Our Lady and the English Martyrs Church , and the chimney of Addenbrooke's Hospital . Anglia Ruskin University , which evolved from the Cambridge School of Art and the Cambridgeshire College of Arts and Technology, also has its main campus in the city. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology Silicon Fen or Cambridge Cluster , which contains industries such as software and bioscience and many start-up companies born out of
3300-665: Is situated about 55 miles (89 km) north-by-east of London and 95 miles (153 kilometres) east of Birmingham. The city is located in an area of level and relatively low-lying terrain just south of the Fens , which varies between 6 and 24 metres (20 and 79 ft) above sea level . The town was thus historically surrounded by low-lying wetlands that have been drained as the town has expanded. The underlying geology of Cambridge consists of gault clay and Chalk Marl , known locally as Cambridge Greensand, partly overlaid by terrace gravel . A layer of phosphatic nodules ( coprolites ) under
3410-587: Is this hospital which gave rise to the lines "Strong men have run for miles and miles, When one from Cherry Hinton smiles;" in the poem The Old Vicarage, Grantchester by Rupert Brooke . The settlement of Cherry Hinton gave its name to the Cherry Hinton Stakes a horse race for two-year-old thoroughbred fillies. This Group Two event run over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 m) on the July Course at nearby Newmarket Racecourse in early July. It
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3520-646: The Danelaw , by 878. Their vigorous trading habits resulted in rapid growth of the town. During this period, the town's centre shifted from Castle Hill on the left bank of the river to the area now known as the Quayside on the right bank. After the Viking period, the Saxons enjoyed a return to power, building churches, such as St Bene't's Church , as well as wharves, merchant houses, and a mint which produced coins with
3630-691: The National Research Development Corporation , assisting Francis Thomas Bacon in the invention of the fuel cell . Around this time, Michael Marshall became the company's CEO. He managed the company for several decades, during which time it became one of the largest privately owned businesses in Britain. Since 1966, Marshall Aerospace has been the designated support company for the Royal Air Force's fleet of C-130 Hercules . It has been formally recognised as
3740-518: The borough court. The distinctive Round Church dates from this period. In 1209, Cambridge University was founded by Oxford students fleeing from hostility. The oldest existing college, Peterhouse , was founded in 1284. Cambridge had a significant Jewish community in the middle ages , centred on what is now known as All Saints Passage, then known as the Jewry. A synagogue stood nearby. In January 1275, Eleanor of Provence expelled Jews from all of
3850-548: The postwar era; various new garages were soon established to serve Peterborough , Bedford , and neighbouring smaller towns. During the 1950s and 1960s, the firm found work in modifying hundreds of various civil airliners, including the Vickers Viscount , the first turboprop airliner, and de Havilland Comets , the first jet-powered airliner, and the Bristol Britannia . Marshall was also involved with
3960-539: The "most beautiful cities in the world" by Forbes in 2010, with the view from The Backs being selected as one of the 10 greatest in England by National Trust chair Simon Jenkins . Tourism generates over £750 million for the city's economy. Cambridge and its surrounds are sometimes referred to as Silicon Fen , an allusion to Silicon Valley , because of the density of high-tech businesses and technology incubators that have developed on science parks around
4070-480: The (so-called “common law”) first wife of Harold II of England — Edith Swanneck : 'Eddeva The Fair') The War Ditches are the remains of an Iron Age hill fort (55 metres in diameter), now mostly lost to quarrying. (See Cherry Hinton Pit ) Cherry Hinton lies about 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Cambridge city centre, and falls within the Cambridge City boundary but is geographically separated from it by
4180-407: The 13th Century while the fine carved rood screen dates from the 15th Century. The Baptist Chapel is on Fisher's Lane, and was created by a baptist community starting in 1843. They built an initial small chapel in 1870 which was then rebuilt into the current chapel in 1883. The Pastor is Nic Boyns, who took over from Rev. Paul Goddard in a multi-year handover period. The church runs a community choir,
4290-525: The 14 wards also elects councillors to Cambridgeshire County Council , which is responsible for services including school education, social care and highways. Since 2017, Cambridge has also been within the area of the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined Authority , which is led by a directly elected Mayor . The city is represented on the authority by the leader of the City Council. The parliamentary constituency of Cambridge covers most of
4400-658: The 16th century, sanitation and fresh water were brought to Cambridge by the construction of Hobson's Conduit in the early 1600s. Water was brought from Nine Wells, at the foot of the Gog Magog Hills to the southeast of Cambridge, into the centre of the town. Cambridge played a significant role in the early part of the English Civil War as it was the headquarters of the Eastern Counties Association , an organisation administering
4510-404: The 1930s to the 1980s, the size of the city was increased by several large council estates . The biggest impact has been on the area north of the river, which are now the estates of East Chesterton , King's Hedges , and Arbury where Archbishop Rowan Williams lived and worked as an assistant priest in the early 1980s. During World War II , Cambridge was an important centre for defence of
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4620-485: The 1960s and early 1970s. Other primary schools, opened after the two above, include The Spinney Primary School, close to the village centre, and Bewick Bridge Community Primary School. Secondary schooling for most children is at Netherhall School to the south west (in Queen Ediths), or alternatively at St Bede's Inter-Church School just outside the village to the west (nearer the city). Independent schools in
4730-754: The 21st century, with estates such as the CB1 and Accordia schemes near the station, and developments such as Great Kneighton , formally known as Clay Farm, and Trumpington Meadows currently under construction in the south of the city. Other major developments currently being constructed in the city are Darwin Green (formerly NIAB ), and University-led developments at West Cambridge and North West Cambridge , ( Eddington ). The entire city centre, as well as parts of Chesterton, Petersfield, West Cambridge, Newnham, and Abbey, are covered by an Air Quality Management Area, implemented to counter high levels of nitrogen dioxide in
4840-612: The East end of Railway Street, East alongside the railway line to the North side of the Yarrow Road level crossing, which continues on the other side of the crossing beside Tesco's car park and on towards Fulbourn, where it joins the remnant of Fulbourn Old Drift. However, some travellers may prefer one of the side roads such as Fulbourn Old Drift (West) because this path tends to get overgrown and muddy. There are also link-paths, connecting
4950-455: The Kite area of the city. This latter project was controversial at the time. The city gained its second university in 1992 when Anglia Polytechnic became Anglia Polytechnic University. Renamed Anglia Ruskin University in 2005, the institution has its origins in the Cambridge School of Art opened in 1858 by John Ruskin . Cambridge is a non-metropolitan district – one of six districts within
5060-650: The London area. Cambridge also often records the annual highest national temperature in any given year – 30.2 °C (86.4 °F) in July 2008 at NIAB and 30.1 °C (86.2 °F) in August 2007 at the Botanic Garden are two recent examples. Other years include 1876, 1887, 1888, 1892, 1897, 1899 and 1900. The absolute maximum stands at 39.9 °C (103.8 °F) recorded on 19 July 2022 at Cambridge University Botanic Garden. Before this date, Cambridge held
5170-861: The NIAB site, to 48.3 days at the Botanic Garden per year over the 1981–2010 period. Typically the coldest night of the year at the Botanic Garden will fall to −8.0 °C (17.6 °F). Such minimum temperatures and frost averages are typical for inland areas across much of southern and central England. Sunshine averages around 1,500 hours a year or around 35% of possible, a level typical of most locations in inland central England. The city contains three Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), at Cherry Hinton East Pit, Cherry Hinton West Pit, and Travellers Pit, and ten Local Nature Reserves (LNRs): Sheep's Green and Coe Fen, Coldham's Common, Stourbridge Common, Nine Wells, Byron's Pool, West Pit, Paradise, Barnwell West, Barnwell East, and Logan's Meadow. Cambridge
5280-568: The Super Hercules on behalf of the latter's for the global supply chain. Marshall Aerospace functioned as the design authority for the RAF's fleet of Lockheed TriStar tanker and freighter aircraft; as well as the appointed sister design authority for the RAF's Boeing E-3D Sentry . It undertook major maintenance and modification activity on these types, plus a range of other military and commercial aircraft. Notable design achievements include
5390-501: The UK, has a maritime climate highly influenced by the Gulf Stream . Located in the driest region of Britain, Cambridge's rainfall averages around 570 mm (22.44 in) per year, around half the national average. The driest recent year was in 2011 with 380.4 mm (14.98 in) of rain at the Botanic Garden and 347.2 mm (13.67 in) at the NIAB site. This is just below the semi-arid precipitation threshold for
5500-551: The airport itself. The company was originally founded by David Gregory Marshall in 1909. Initially operating chauffeur services, the firm soon branched out into vehicle repair and dealership activities. During the 1930s, Marshall became increasingly engaged in aviation ; by the end of the Second World War , the company had trained in excess of 20,000 aircrew for service within the Royal Air Force . It
5610-487: The area by the end of the century. Their settlement – also on and around Castle Hill – became known as Grantebrycge (" Granta -bridge". By Middle English , the settlement's name had changed to "Cambridg koe", deriving from the word 'Camboricum', meaning 'passage' or 'ford' of stream in a town or settlement, and the lower stretches of the Granta changed their name to match.) ) Anglo-Saxon grave goods have been found in
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#17327652782195720-406: The area, notably High Street, Cherry Hinton Road (linking with Hills Road), Fulbourn Road, Teversham Road, and Airport Way. A notable exception is Coldham's Lane, which is narrow for most of its length and even pedestrian use is not pleasant because of the high traffic levels. Citi 1 bus from Fulbourn to Arbury and the Citi 3 bus from Yarrow Road Tesco to Whitehill Estate/Fison Road combine for
5830-440: The area, together with a thriving high-street with a selection of shops and small businesses. Marshall Aerospace , the aircraft maintenance company and owners of Cambridge Airport , to the north was a major employer in recent decades. In 2001 the economically active population was estimated at 4,186 (70% of the population aged 16 to 74). Unemployment was given as 2.4%. The village has three business areas: an industrial estate at
5940-569: The area, which is 350 mm of annual precipitation. Conversely, 2012 was the wettest year on record, with 812.7 mm (32.00 in) reported. Snowfall accumulations are usually small, in part because of Cambridge's low elevation, and low precipitation tendency during transitional snow events. Owing to its low-lying, inland, and easterly position within the British Isles, summer temperatures tend to be somewhat higher than areas further west, and often rival or even exceed those recorded in
6050-555: The area. During this period, Cambridge benefited from good trade links across the hard-to-travel fenlands. By the 7th century, the town was less significant and described by Bede as a "little ruined city" containing the burial site of Æthelthryth (Etheldreda). Cambridge sat on the border between the East and Middle Anglian kingdoms, and the settlement slowly expanded on both sides of the river. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reports that Vikings arrived in 875; they imposed Viking rule,
6160-768: The atmosphere. The city has an oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ). Cambridge has an official weather observing station, at the Cambridge University Botanic Garden , about one mile (1.6 km) south of the city centre. In addition, the Digital Technology Group of the university's Department of Computer Science and Technology maintains a weather station on the West Cambridge site, displaying current weather conditions online via web browsers or an app , and also an archive dating back to 1995. The city, like most of
6270-488: The authorisation and experience to work on a range of aircraft from Cessna Citations to Boeing 747s in civil use, and Lockheed C-130 Hercules and Lockheed L-1011 TriStars for the military. Marshall Aerospace carries out maintenance from routine daily maintenance to a full aircraft depot level checks. All forms of conversions, re-configurations, modifications and repairs can be designed and implemented by Marshall Aerospace. The company's commercial aircraft hangar can house
6380-444: The centre of Cambridge at a moderate pace, 15 minutes to the railway station. Cherry Hinton High Street has a long-standing traffic calming system consisting of a series of chicanes , traffic islands and mini roundabouts . Drivers seeking a through route can use Yarrow Road (around the eastern edge) instead. There is a railway through the village but no extant station; the nearest railway stations are Cambridge itself (3 miles to
6490-562: The city centre around the location of the earlier British village. The fort was bounded on two sides by the lines formed by the present Mount Pleasant , continuing across Huntingdon Road into Clare Street. The eastern side followed Magrath Avenue, with the southern side running near to Chesterton Lane and Kettle's Yard before turning northwest at Honey Hill. It was constructed around AD 70 and converted to civilian use around 50 years later. Evidence of more widespread Roman settlement has been discovered, including numerous farmsteads and
6600-424: The city such as Sheep's Green as well as residential development. Like most cities, modern-day Cambridge has many suburbs and areas of high-density housing. The city centre of Cambridge is mostly commercial, historic buildings, and large green areas such as Jesus Green, Parker's Piece and Midsummer Common . Some of the roads in the centre are pedestrianised. Population growth has seen new housing developments in
6710-404: The city, as well as protecting smaller outlying villages from further convergence with each other as well as the city. At the 2011 census, the population of the Cambridge contiguous built-up area (urban area) was 158,434, while that of the City Council area was 123,867. In the 2001 Census held during University term, 89.44% of Cambridge residents identified themselves as white, compared with
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#17327652782196820-521: The city. Many of these parks and buildings are owned or leased by university colleges, and the companies often have been spun out of the university. Cambridge Science Park , which is the largest commercial R&D centre in Europe, is owned by Trinity College ; St John's is the landlord of St John's Innovation Centre . Technology companies include Abcam , CSR , ARM Limited , CamSemi , Jagex and Sinclair . Microsoft has located its Microsoft Research UK offices in West Cambridge , separate from
6930-613: The city; Daniel Zeichner ( Labour ) has represented the seat since the 2015 general election . The seat was generally held by the Conservatives until it was won by Labour in 1992, then taken by the Liberal Democrats in 2005 and 2010, before returning to Labour in 2015. A southern area of the city, Queen Edith's ward and Cherry Hinton ward, falls within the South Cambridgeshire constituency, whose MP
7040-632: The civilian sector in recent decades. It employs over 2,000 people and is based on an 800-acre (3.2 km ) site with 1,200,000 square feet (110,000 m ) of covered Aircraft hangar space on the Cambridge Airport site. In October 2021, Marshall announced that it had decided to move its Aerospace operations to Cranfield Airport (near Milton Keynes ) and that "it will leave its current base at Cambridge Airport by 2030". In November 2022, Marshall Aerospace announced that it expects to have left Cambridge Airport "by 2027". The Marshall group
7150-653: The company was appointed the first independent authorised service centre in Europe for the Bombardier Global Express long-range business jet. In mid 2000, Marshall became involved in the Global Express' manufacturing process, performing interior completions on behalf of Bombardier. During the 2010s, the firm's expertise with the type enabled it to perform extensive modifications of the airframe to produce customised special mission models for military customers. Marshall Aerospace has also performed
7260-475: The company. A keen engineer and pilot, Arthur was involved in establishing an aerodrome at Fen Ditton on the outskirts of Cambridge. During 1930, the Marshall Flying School was formed at Fen Ditton, marking the company's entry into the aviation sector. During the 1930s, Marshall purchased a large amount of farmland, using some of it to establish what would become Cambridge City Airport, which
7370-470: The conflict and were reopened shortly after its end. In the meantime, the company engaged in the repair and modification of military aircraft. Marshall performed work on over 5,000 aircraft, ranging in size and complexity from Airspeed Oxford and Avro Anson transport aircraft to front-line combat types as the de Havilland Mosquito , Supermarine Spitfire , Hawker Hurricane , Vickers Wellington and Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress . To cope with this workload,
7480-621: The corrugated iron fences that give this path its name). Passing in front of David Lloyd, the Holiday Inn and Norman Way it then passes over the railway on an old iron footbridge, which may be replaced with a new one under cycle path proposals by the city council. On the right it passes the Territorial Army centre and then meets Burnside somewhat closer to Mill Road than Snakey path, at the White Bridge. Another path runs from
7590-459: The county of Cambridgeshire – and is administered by Cambridge City Council . The district covers most of the city's urban area, although some suburbs extend into the surrounding South Cambridgeshire district. The city council's headquarters are in the Guildhall , a large building in the market square. Cambridge was granted a Royal Charter by King John in 1207, which permitted the appointment of
7700-472: The defence requirements of the Group and the requirements of the local traffic. On 6 October 2020, Cranfield University and MADG announced that they had signed an option agreement for the potential relocation of Marshall Aerospace to Cranfield Airport. A spokesperson for MADG cautioned that "it is important to note that the signing of the option agreement does not represent a final decision". In October 2021,
7810-481: The design and production of Concorde 's droop nose and visor in 1967, and a vestibular sled for medical research which flew 112 orbits in Space Shuttle Challenger on STS-61-A in 1985. Marshall Aerospace has also performed a variety of passenger to tanker and freighter aircraft conversions. One unusual project was the conversion of a Lockheed L-1011 Tristar airliner into a launch vehicle for
7920-439: The east coast. The town became a military centre, with an R.A.F. training centre and the regional headquarters for Norfolk , Suffolk , Essex , Cambridgeshire , Huntingdonshire , Hertfordshire , and Bedfordshire established during the conflict. The town itself escaped relatively lightly from German bombing raids, which were mainly targeted at the railway. 29 people were killed and no historic buildings were damaged. In 1944,
8030-562: The east end of the Colville Estate at Primrose Way to the Teasel Estate at Lucerne Close, enabling pedestrian and cycle access from the High Street directly East (while that cars have to go around the village edge). Another path links the junction of Daws Lane and Snakey Path (mentioned above) to Cherry Hinton Hall and onwards to Walpole Road, which has on-road cycle paths. There is also cycle path provision on various roads in
8140-414: The economy of Cambridge. The town market provided for trade in a wide variety of goods and annual trading fairs such as Stourbridge Fair and Midsummer Fair were visited by merchants from across the country. The river was described in an account of 1748 as being "often so full of [merchant boats] that the navigation thereof is stopped for some time". For example, 2000 firkins of butter were brought up
8250-567: The end of Coldham's Lane (between that and Church Lane) at the northern end, the High Street, and the Peterhouse Business park on the South-Eastern edge. The former site includes Travis Perkins, Inca Digital, Semitool, Storage King, and Carl Zeiss. The Peterhouse park includes the head office of the world-famous ARM processor designer and the head office of Cambridge Water . Lastly, Fulbourn Hospital (though not strictly within
8360-401: The far end of Fulbourn Village. In the 1850s, Cherryhinton railway station existed for a couple of years. Three non-road paths can be used to avoid motor traffic for part of these journeys. Daws Lane is a track leading from Sidney Farm Road to Snakey Path at a small bridge over Cherry Hinton Brook. Snakey path heads west beside the brook until it reaches Burnside, which leads to Mill Road, and
8470-500: The firm's workforce was expanded to around 3,000 employees, many of which were women. Marshall chose to continue its involvement in aviation work, such as repairs, structural modifications and conversions, even after the war's end, although it mostly abandoned its final assembly work. Instead, the firm operated as a sub-contractor of virtually all the British aircraft manufacturing companies. Marshall Motor Group rapidly flourished in
8580-457: The first game, which was held at Parker's Piece . The Strawberry Fair music and art festival and Midsummer Fair are held on Midsummer Common , and the annual Cambridge Beer Festival takes place on Jesus Green . The city is adjacent to the M11 and A14 roads. Settlements have existed around the Cambridge area since prehistoric times . The earliest clear evidence of occupation is the remains of
8690-548: The grounds of Cherry Hinton Hall , the airfield and the flooded chalk pits. The village itself is fairly compact. North of the village is Cambridge Airport ; to the East is Fulbourn ; to the South is Cherry Hinton Pit , a nature reserve formed from old chalk pits and then the Gog Magog Hills which rise to 75 metres. Outside the residential area the land is open farmland, with relatively few trees. Substantial housing estates, both local authority and private have been built in
8800-527: The jurisdiction of Cambridgeshire County Council for Local Government Services although the easternmost parts are managed by South Cambs District Council. Recent parliamentary boundary changes place most of the village in South Cambs parliamentary constituency, changing a decades-long association with the city. Cherry Hinton C of E Primary School is situated on the High Street just next to the level crossing and near to St Andrew's church. In September 2011,
8910-591: The latest. The Group plans to redevelop the airport site for around 12,000 homes and 5 million sq ft (0.46 million m ) of business premises. In May 2019, the Group announced that it was deciding between three potential airfields for its continuing operations: Duxford Aerodrome , RAF Wyton in Cambridgeshire, or Cranfield Airport in Bedfordshire. In January 2020 the Group ruled out moving to Duxford due to incompatibility between
9020-727: The main Microsoft UK campus in Reading , and also has an office on Station Road. Marshall Aerospace Marshall Group (registered as Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd , ) is a British company headquartered in Cambridge , United Kingdom . Subsidiaries include Marshall Aerospace , an aircraft maintenance , modification, and design company located at Cambridge City Airport . Other subsidiaries are Marshall Land Systems (ground defence), Marshall Slingsby Advanced Composites , Marshall Fleet Solutions , Marshall Skills Academy and Marshall Property. Marshall also owns and operates
9130-541: The marl was mined in the 19th century for fertiliser; this became a major industry in the county, and its profits yielded buildings such as the Corn Exchange , Fulbourn Hospital , and St. John's Chapel until the Quarries Act 1894 and competition from America ended production. The River Cam flows through the city from the village of Grantchester , to the southwest. It is bordered by water meadows within
9240-501: The opening of the Great Eastern Railway 's London to Norwich line. The station was outside the town centre following pressure from the university to restrict travel by undergraduates. With the arrival of the railway and associated employment came development of areas around the station, such as Romsey Town . The rail link to London stimulated heavier industries, such as the production of brick, cement and malt . From
9350-653: The parish had a population of 1254. On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Cambridge. Pictures and a description of St Andrew's parish church appear at the Cambridgeshire Churches website. There is an entry relating to Cherry Hinton in the Domesday Book : "Hintone: Count Alan. 4 mills." ( Alan Rufus ‘Alan the Red', one of the Counts of Brittany, confiscated Hinton Manor from Edith,
9460-573: The path then continues on to the Sainsbury's site. Raised about 3' (1m) above water level the path is frequently used by cyclists and walkers. On the north side of the Brook two of the flooded chalk pits are clearly visible. Another path, known as "The Tins", runs on the north side of the flooded chalk pits. It starts in Railway Street, cutting across Orchard Estate (where few houses still have
9570-528: The population of the City of Cambridge was 145,700; the population of the wider built-up area (which extends outside the city council area) was 181,137. Cambridge became an important trading centre during the Roman and Viking ages, and there is archaeological evidence of settlement in the area as early as the Bronze Age . The first town charters were granted in the 12th century, although modern city status
9680-653: The production of long range fuel tanks for various Boeing aircraft, including the Boeing 747-400 ER and 777-200LR airliners, as well as the P-8 Poseidon multi-mission maritime aircraft. By 2012, the Marshall Group was reporting an annual turnover in excess of £1 billion and was employing nearly 4,500 staff. During the 2010s, the business made various moves to expand its footprint in commercial aviation, announcing its intention to establish Cambridge Airport as
9790-413: The record for the all-time maximum temperature in the UK , after recording 38.7 °C (101.7 °F) on 25 July 2019. Typically the temperature will reach 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or higher on over 25 days of the year over the 1981–2010 period, with the annual warmest day averaging 31.5 °C (88.7 °F) over the same period. The absolute minimum temperature recorded at the Botanic Garden site
9900-505: The river every Monday from the agricultural lands to the northeast, particularly Norfolk , to be unloaded in the town for road transportation to London. Changing patterns of retail distribution and the advent of the railways led to a decline in Cambridge's importance as a market town. Cambridge today has a diverse economy with strength in sectors such as research and development, software consultancy, high value engineering, creative industries, pharmaceuticals and tourism. Described as one of
10010-579: The sale of vehicles shortly thereafter. In 1912, Marshall worked on its first aircraft, helping to repair the engine of a British Army airship , the Beta II , which had made an emergency landing on Jesus Green , a park near its garage. During the First World War , Marshall's premises were engaged in the servicing and repair of vehicles required for the British war effort. During the late 1920s, David Marshall's son, Arthur, took an active role in
10120-520: The school changed from an Infant School for children aged between 3 and 7 years to a Primary School for 3- to 11-year-old children. It is a Church School, founded by Trust Deed, and has 'Foundation' Governors, appointed by the Church of England. The school has been rated grade 2 ("good") school. Colville Primary School is situated on Colville Road. It opened in the mid-1950s as a Junior School for 7 - 11 year-olds. Mary Waters, mother of Pink Floyd bass guitarist and lyricist Roger Waters , taught there during
10230-494: The start of the Battle of Britain . The scheme was ramped up during the Second World War ; the company ultimately trained in excess of 20,000 aircrew, including pilots, observers and flying instructors. During 1941, the training scheme was universally adopted by the Royal Air Force (RAF). Prior to the war, Marshall had opened a second garage, known as "Airport Garage", on the site; both garages were temporarily closed down during
10340-595: The town in 1644, the defences were never used, and the garrison was stood down the following year. In the 19th century, in common with many other English towns, Cambridge expanded rapidly, due in part to increased life expectancy and improved agricultural production leading to increased trade in town markets. The Inclosure Acts of 1801 and 1807 enabled the town to expand over surrounding open fields and in 1912 and again in 1935 its boundaries were extended to include Chesterton, Cherry Hinton, and Trumpington. The railway came to Cambridge in 1845 after initial resistance, with
10450-639: The town to the university. King's College Chapel was begun in 1446 by King Henry VI . Built in phases by a succession of kings of England from 1446 to 1515 — its history intertwined with the Wars of the Roses — the chapel was completed during the reign of King Henry VIII . The building would become synonymous with Cambridge, and currently is used in the logo for the Cambridge City Council . Following repeated outbreaks of pestilence throughout
10560-636: The town's name abbreviated to "Grant". In 1068, two years after the Norman Conquest of England, William the Conqueror erected a castle on Castle Hill, the motte of which survives. Like the rest of the newly conquered kingdom, Cambridge fell under the control of the King and his deputies. Cambridge's first town charter was granted by Henry I between 1120 and 1131. It granted the town monopoly of waterborne traffic and hithe tolls and recognised
10670-689: The towns within her dower lands, and the Jews of Cambridge were ordered to relocate to Norwich . In 1349, Cambridge was affected by the Black Death . Few records survive but 16 of 40 scholars at King's Hall died. The town north of the river was severely impacted, being almost wiped out. Following further depopulation after a second national epidemic in 1361, a letter from the Bishop of Ely suggested that two parishes in Cambridge be merged as there were not enough people to fill even one church. With more than
10780-460: The university. Over 40 per cent of the workforce have a higher education qualification, more than twice the national average. The Cambridge Biomedical Campus , one of the largest biomedical research clusters in the world, includes the headquarters of AstraZeneca and the relocated Royal Papworth Hospital . Cambridge produced the first 'Laws of the Game' for association football and was the site of
10890-461: The village area include Oaks International School and Holme Court School. Cherry Hinton Hall hosts the internationally recognised annual Cambridge Folk Festival in July. Fulbourn Hospital , to the East of Cherry Hinton was built as an asylum in the mid-19th century between the village and Fulbourn . Until recently the very large main Victorian building was used as a psychiatric hospital. It
11000-530: The village borders) has been redeveloped as the Capital Park technology park, and houses many smaller companies, with offices of Illumina, Staffords, Syngeta, i2, Cambridge Light Technology, Boult Wade Tennant , Scientia, Ware Anthony Rust, and others. There are sufficient road links to Cambridge and the surrounding area; nearly 60% of the population travel to work by motorised vehicle and 25% travel to work by foot or bicycle; it takes 20 minutes to cycle into
11110-411: The village over the last 50 years. Housing is typically suburban with 2,200 people per square kilometre; 40% of housing being semi-detached and 60% being owner-occupied. In 2001 the population of the village was made up of 1,600 people under 16, 4,950 aged 16 to 59, and 1,750 over 60. In 2021 the population of the Ward was made up of 2017 people under 18, 5872 aged 18 to 64, and 1451 people over 64, for
11220-461: The west), Cambridge North and Waterbeach (both ~7 miles to the North), Shelford (3 miles to the south), and Dullingham (10 miles to the east). From Cambridge there are regular services to London Kings Cross, London Liverpool Street, King's Lynn (via Ely), Norwich (via Ely, and via Stowmarket), Ipswich (through Newmarket), and Peterborough (via Ely). Until the 1960s there was Fulbourne railway station at
11330-608: Was also engaged in repair and modification of military aircraft during the conflict. During the postwar era, the Marshall companies have been involved in aerospace and special vehicle engineering, with Marshall Aerospace forming a major part of the Marshall Group. The company performs all aspects of design, manufacture, maintenance, modification, conversion and logistic support of military , commercial and business aircraft. Traditionally focused on military customers, Marshall Aerospace has increasingly orientated itself towards
11440-403: Was deliberately restructuring its business activities, particularly its sizable aerospace division. During late 2015, Marshall Group announced that, in response to a downturn in demand from the British armed forces, the firm intended to focus on its growing civilian activities, including the resumption of VIP aircraft conversion work to counteract this. During 2019, the company announced that
11550-498: Was larger and with greater facilities than its predecessor. Formally opened in 1937, the new airport was fortuitously timed with a coinciding national priority on rearmament, which included the training of military aircrew. Accordingly, in 1938, a major flying training school for the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve was established by Marshall; it had reportedly trained over 600 new RAF pilots prior to
11660-491: Was not officially conferred until 1951. The city is well known as the home of the University of Cambridge , which was founded in 1209 and consistently ranks among the best universities in the world. The buildings of the university include King's College Chapel , Cavendish Laboratory , and the Cambridge University Library , one of the largest legal deposit libraries in the world. The city's skyline
11770-579: Was originally established during 1909 by its founder David Gregory Marshall, who gave the company his name. Its initial base was a small lock-up garage in Brunswick Gardens, Cambridge , and at first provided chauffeur services to individual customers. It quickly became commercially viable, enabling the business to relocate to larger premises in Kings Street during 1910 and again to Jesus Lane just two years later, expanding its operations to
11880-453: Was planning to relocate its headquarters from its historic home at Cambridge Airport over the coming decade, although it noted there was value in relocating to a nearby location, such as Cranfield Airport , Duxford Aerodrome and RAF Wyton . Marshall carried out depth maintenance and modified C-130J Super Hercules fleet of Bangladesh Air Force before delivered to Bangladesh . Those were ex RAF aircraft. Marshall also signed
11990-511: Was renamed the Duchess of Cambridge Stakes in 2013. Cambridge Cambridge ( / ˈ k eɪ m b r ɪ dʒ / KAYM -brij ) is a city and non-metropolitan district in the county of Cambridgeshire , England . It is the county town of Cambridgeshire and is located on the River Cam , 55 miles (89 km) north of London . As of the 2021 United Kingdom census ,
12100-543: Was −17.2 °C (1.0 °F), recorded in February 1947, although a minimum of −17.8 °C (0.0 °F) was recorded at the now defunct observatory site in December 1879. More recently the temperature fell to −15.3 °C (4.5 °F) on 11 February 2012, −12.2 °C (10.0 °F) on 22 January 2013 and −10.9 °C (12.4 °F) on 20 December 2010. The average frequency of air frosts ranges from 42.8 days at
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