126-529: Clive Barker (born 5 October 1952) is an English writer, filmmaker and visual artist. He came to prominence in the mid-1980s with a series of short stories, the Books of Blood , which established him as a leading horror writer. He has since written many novels and other works. His fiction has been adapted into films, notably the Hellraiser series, the first installment of which he also wrote and directed, and
252-480: A foreword by Barker's fellow Liverpudlian horror writer Ramsey Campbell . Author Stephen King praised Books of Blood , leading to a quote from him appearing on the first US edition of the book: "I have seen the future of horror and his name is Clive Barker." Books of Blood Volume 6 is significant for its story "The Last Illusion" which introduced Barker's occult detective character Harry D'Amour . The detective went on to appear in more of Barker's writings,
378-605: A framing story is created around the anthologies. The stories range in genres . Some are traditional horror, some are described by Barker as " dark fantasy ," some are comical , and "The Last Illusion" is notable for being a mixture of horror and noir while also introducing the occult detective Harry D'Amour . A common thread is that most of the stories feature everyday people in contemporary settings who become involved in violent, mysterious, and/or supernatural events. Barker has stated in Faces of Fear that an inspiration for
504-455: A psychoanalyst and a contemporary of Krafft-Ebing, noted that both were often found in the same individuals, and combined the two into a single dichotomous entity known as "sadomasochism". French philosopher Gilles Deleuze argued that the concurrence of sadism and masochism proposed in Freud's model is the result of "careless reasoning," and should not be taken for granted. Freud introduced
630-416: A "Butcher" in pursuit of "fresh meat." Kaufman falls asleep on a late-night subway train to Far Rockaway, Queens and awakens to discover that Mahogany has killed four passengers in the neighboring car and the train conductor is cooperating with him. After Kaufman kills Mahogany in self-defense, the train arrives at a secret station where ancient, withered humans board and consume the bodies . The creatures,
756-672: A case of a woman who submitted herself to the whipping and beating of the followers of Pan . Early libertine writers like John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester espoused ideals that modern times are associated with sadomasochism. The modern conceptualization of sadomasochism was introduced to the medical field by German psychiatrist Richard von Krafft-Ebing in his 1886 compilation of case studies Psychopathia Sexualis . Pain and physical violence are not essential in Krafft-Ebing's conception, and he defined "masochism" (German Masochismus ) entirely in terms of control. Sigmund Freud ,
882-542: A close as he shifted focus to writing the Books of Blood . Barker is an author of horror and fantasy . He began writing horror early in his career, mostly in the form of short stories (collected in Books of Blood 1–6) and the Faustian novel The Damnation Game (1985). Later he moved toward modern-day fantasy and urban fantasy with horror elements in Weaveworld (1987), The Great and Secret Show (1989),
1008-463: A code employed usually among gay male casual-sex seekers or BDSM practitioners in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Europe. Wearing the handkerchief on the left indicates the top, dominant, or active partner; right indicates the bottom, submissive, or passive partner. Negotiation with a prospective partner remains important as people may wear hankies of any color "only because the idea of
1134-406: A curse on the men which strikes them down one by one with a gruesome condition that makes their bodies incredibly delicate; a mote of dust can slice their skin open, the soles of their feet crack when they stand, etc. After his men die off, Locke returns to the tribe to beg for forgiveness. However, when he gets there, the tribe has been massacred by some of his other colleagues. Locke begins to suffer
1260-626: A disorder when the sexual interests cause no harm or distress. Sexual sadism disorder however, listed within the DSM-5, is where arousal patterns involving consenting and non‐consenting others are not distinguished. On 18 June 2018, the WHO ( World Health Organization ) published ICD-11 , in which sadomasochism, together with fetishism and fetishistic transvestism ( cross-dressing for sexual pleasure) were removed as psychiatric diagnoses. Moreover, discrimination against fetish-having and BDSM individuals
1386-459: A doctor told him he was taking in only 10% of the air he was supposed to. He has had two surgeries to remove them and believes his voice has improved as a result. He said he did not have cancer, and has given up cigars. In 2012, Barker entered a coma for several days after contracting toxic shock syndrome , triggered by a visit to a dentist where a spillage of poisonous bacteria entered his bloodstream, almost killing him. Realising he might have just
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#17327931514831512-416: A factory worker named Charlie plan to lead the revolution. Charlie's hands even have their own personalities, with Left being more cautious and Right being very determined and even proclaiming itself a Messiah . Right – against Charlie's own wishes – chops off Left, who scuttles away to summon other hands to do the same before returning to rescue Right, starting a violent revolution of human limbs. This story
1638-498: A feature arc based on Slender Man and Ben Drowned . Barker was involved in a streaming service film adaptation of The Books of Blood in 2020, and is developing a Nightbreed television series directed by Michael Dougherty and written by Josh Stolberg for SyFy . In April 2020, HBO was announced to be developing a Hellraiser television series that would serve as "an elevated continuation and expansion" of its mythology with Mark Verheiden and Michael Dougherty writing
1764-472: A floating bedsheet. A yacht is stranded on the beach of a deserted island that is located at a point in the Atlantic Ocean where converging undersea currents bring all the human bodies of sailors drowned at sea. The hundreds of bodies littering the ocean floor, unfortunately for the stranded crew, are not as dead as they should be. A young bisexual prostitute is hired by an archaeologist . During
1890-510: A focus for her study. She notices disturbing graffiti that references an urban legend called the Candyman . Further inquiries lead her to believe this is connected with recent murders and mutilations, although the locals are reluctant to discuss the incidents. She eventually encounters the Candyman himself. This story was later adapted into the film Candyman in 1992. A man named Jerry
2016-621: A foreword for the first volume of the DEMONICSEX comic series by Chuck Conner and Sean Platter. In October 2009, IDW published Seduth , co-written by Barker. The work was released with three variant covers. In 2011, Boom! Studios began publishing an original Hellraiser comic book series. In 2013, Boom! Studios announced Next Testament , the first original story by Barker to be published in comic book format. Collections: Uncollected short stories: Collections: All plays: Uncollected poems: Books of Blood Books of Blood
2142-410: A giant sow in a sty on the grounds may be possessed by Hennesey's ghost. Lacey tells Redman that he fears he will be fed to the sow, and Redman discovers the borstal's other staff and students preparing a ritual sacrifice for the boy. Redman is able to rescue him when the sty accidentally burns, but is then captured and presented to the sow in turn, where he is eaten alive by a now-possessed Lacey at
2268-410: A gory climax, the ghost enters the mouth of the mob boss and turns him inside out. Afterwards, the ghost uses his remaining few moments on Earth to knock on the door of a priest, wanting to receive last rites , but the priest is too busy photographing a naked girl and does not answer. The story is written as a black comedy , revolving around the visual gag of a real ghost actually taking on the form of
2394-424: A group of people sinking in quicksand which then hardens around them was later used by Barker in the film Lord of Illusions . Lewis is a 73-year-old man who goes to Paris after his friend, Phillipe, is arrested for butchering a young woman. After insisting that an orangutan committed the murder, Phillipe commits suicide in his cell. Lewis does not believe the story until he sees the primate firsthand. The beast
2520-460: A human. An escaped convict dies behind a film screen while hiding from the police. Over the months following his death, a cancerous tumour in the convict's body gains sentience from the strong emotions of the cinema's audiences and comes to life. After one night's show, the creature hunts down several patrons remaining in the cinema, projecting images of John Wayne and Marilyn Monroe as vivid hallucinations to lure them in and consume them, but it
2646-568: A man named Oliver Vassi, whose testimonies make up part of the text. After an unspecified amount of time, she leaves him in order to pursue a rich and powerful man, Titus Penifer, in the hopes of learning from him "how to use power." Their relationship continues despite his inadequacy as a lover, until he attempts to break up after being blackmailed by an employee. Jacqueline kills the extortioner in cold blood and escapes, while Titus grows further obsessed with her and tracks her down. After having her imprisoned, he begs her to kill him. Jacqueline comes to
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#17327931514832772-452: A man suddenly goes insane with lust. His perpetual state of arousal erodes his respect for morality or the law. He rapes, murders, and mutilates one of the scientists and then escapes to cause wanton mayhem, eventually burning himself out and dying. Published in the United States as In the Flesh . Helen is a university student doing a thesis on graffiti who selects a run-down estate as
2898-556: A murder himself and is shot dead by the police. He spends an indeterminate amount of time in his own purgatory, then discovers escape is possible via reincarnation . Several of these stories are also published in Cabal . Following a brush with cancer and a subsequent hysterectomy , a woman named Elaine becomes fascinated with a church that is being demolished. She encounters a cheerfully morbid man with skeletal features named Kavanagh, who shares her fascination. The demolition soon reveals
3024-540: A packed house. After the performance, the actors realize the audience consists entirely of ghosts and reanimated dead. The theatre trustee , newly-dead Tallulah, burns down the theatre and every living player is killed. Several of the actors and Terry then join Mr. Lichfield and Constantia on the road, becoming a repertory company of the undead. In an isolated rural area of Yugoslavia , two entire cities, Popolac and Podujevo, create massive communal creatures by binding together
3150-701: A peripheral rivalry that has developed around the actual love-object. Rejection is not desired by a primary masochist in the same way feigned rejection occurring within a mutually consensual sadomasochistic relationship is, or during instances where the masochist is the one having actual initiative power . In Things Hidden Since the Foundation of the World , René Girard attempts to resuscitate and reinterpret Freud's distinction of primary and secondary masochism, in connection with his own philosophy. People find sexual sadomasochism pleasurable for reasons dependent on
3276-740: A personnel director for an industrial relations firm. He was educated at Dovedale Primary School , Quarry Bank High School and the University of Liverpool , where he studied English and philosophy. When he was three, Barker witnessed the French skydiver Léo Valentin plummet to his death in 1956 during a performance at an air show in Liverpool. He later alluded to Valentin in many of his stories. Barker's involvement in live theatre began while still in school with productions of Voodoo and Inferno in 1967. He collaborated on six plays with Theatre of
3402-644: A preference towards sadism. In contrast to frameworks seeking to explain and categorise sadomasochistic behaviours and desires through psychological, psychoanalytic, medical, or forensic approaches, Romana Byrne suggests that, in the context of sexual behaviours, such practices can be seen as examples of " aesthetic sexuality", in which a founding physiological or psychological impulse is irrelevant. Rather, according to Byrne, sadism and masochism may be practiced through choice and deliberation, driven by certain aesthetic goals tied to style, pleasure, and identity, which in certain circumstances, she claims can be compared with
3528-458: A rampage through a local village, killing and eating several townsfolk, corrupting the local verger to serve him and fatally wounding the village's vicar , Reverend Coot. The vicar lives long enough to instruct local man Ron Milton, father of one of Rawhead's victims, to find a talisman within the church to fight the beast; the talisman depicts a pregnant woman, Rawhead's antithesis and the only thing he fears. While Rawhead attempts to burn down
3654-465: A remote farm, where Popolac blunders into the farmhouse, accidentally killing Judd. Mick and the elderly couple who own the farmhouse are driven mad with fear. Mick wants to join Popolac. He climbs up the tower of ropes and bodies, and is carried away as it walks into the hills. A line from this story, "stale incense, old sweat, and lies," appears in the song "Sin" on the album Pretty Hate Machine by
3780-472: A replica of the scene of their crime. Later, Billy vanishes from his cell. His grandfather's coffin is exhumed and found to contain Billy curled up next to his grandfather's corpse. Once released, Cleve finds his travels to purgatory have left him able to hear when others have thoughts of murder. He becomes disillusioned with humanity and becomes a heroin addict to suppress his newfound powers. Cleve later commits
3906-421: A secondary masochism, by contrast, the masochist experiences a less serious, more feigned rejection and punishment by the model. Both Krafft-Ebing and Freud assumed that sadism in men resulted from the distortion of the aggressive component of the male sexual instinct. Masochism in men, however, was seen as a more significant aberration, contrary to the nature of male sexuality. Freud doubted that masochism in men
Clive Barker - Misplaced Pages Continue
4032-693: A short time to live, he decided to put his personal concerns about the world and society into the upcoming novel Deep Hill , which he thought could be his final book. As of 2015, he is a member of the board of advisers for the Hollywood Horror Museum. While appearing on the radio call-in show Loveline on 20 August 1996, Barker said that in his teens he had several relationships with older women, but came to identify himself as homosexual by 18 or 19. His relationship with John Gregson lasted from 1975 until 1986. He later spent 13 years with photographer David Armstrong, described as his husband in
4158-432: A tomb of plague victims that had been fermenting for centuries, and Elaine breaks in at night to see the bodies. Later, when her friends begin to die off and the police come after her, Elaine takes refuge with Kavanagh, who she firmly believes is really Death . Kavanagh, a serial killer and necrophile , strangles and rapes Elaine. As her soul flees her body, Elaine feels a sick sort of glee when she realizes that Kavanagh
4284-648: Is a rule-abiding Catholic falsely implicated by the Mafia to be the leader of a pornography cartel. After killing two mobsters in revenge, Ronnie is brutally tortured and murdered by the Mafia, after which he manifests as a ghost. Animating the shroud covering his body in the morgue, he takes revenge on the rest of his enemies. After being chased by the animated shroud, the mob boss primarily responsible for Ronnie's ordeal runs into his home, only to find his wife cheating on him with his assistant, so he shoots both of them dead. In
4410-571: Is a series of six horror fiction anthologies collecting original stories written by British author , playwright , and filmmaker Clive Barker in 1984 and 1985. Known primarily for writing stage plays beforehand, Barker gained a wider audience and fanbase through this anthology series, leading to a successful career as a novelist . Originally presented as six volumes , the anthologies were subsequently re-published in two omnibus editions containing three volumes each. Each volume contains four, five or six stories. The Volume 1–3 omnibus contained
4536-537: Is also a definitive feature of consensual BDSM relationships. The word sadomasochism is a portmanteau of the words sadism and masochism . These terms originate from the names of two authors whose works explored situations in which individuals experienced or inflicted pain or humiliation. Sadism is named after Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), whose major works include graphic descriptions of violent sex acts, rape, torture, and murder, and whose characters often derive pleasure from inflicting pain on others. Sade
4662-425: Is an integral part of human culture. Some propose that it was already present among non-human primate and primitive human communities before emerging in ancient cultures. One of the oldest surviving narratives citing its practice is an Egyptian love song, sung by a man expressing a desire to be subjugated by a woman so he could experience pleasure as she treats him like a slave. Roman historian Juvenal described
4788-403: Is attacked one night by genuine ghosts and spirits who decide to make him a true messenger by writing stories into his flesh. This makes him a "Book of Blood" and the narration then invites the reader to read these stories. The UK editions of Volume 6 close with a story, "On Jerusalem Street", that features a man who pursues the fake psychic in order to skin him and take his Book of Blood. Thus,
4914-420: Is captured after torturing hundreds of people to death in the well-equipped torture chambers. It is deliberately left ambiguous whether Gregorius went insane, or if he really did succeed in tempting Satan into taking residence in his own personal Hell. A private laboratory runs experiments on volunteers to investigate the libido and try to develop a chemical aphrodisiac . One of the experiments goes wrong, when
5040-794: Is considered inconsistent with human rights principles endorsed by the United Nations and The World Health Organization . The classifications of sexual disorders reflect contemporary sexual norms and have moved from a model of pathologization or criminalization of non-reproductive sexual behaviors to a model that reflects sexual well-being and pathologizes the absence or limitation of consent in sexual relations. The ICD-11 classification, contrary to ICD-10 and DSM-5, clearly distinguishes consensual sadomasochistic behaviours (BDSM) that do not involve inherent harm to self or others from harmful violence on non‐consenting persons (coercive sexual sadism disorder). In this regard, "ICD-11 go[es] further than
5166-579: Is dressed like a person, completely shaved, and wields a razor. Lewis learns Philippe, a notorious eccentric, raised the animal himself as a strange experiment based on the Edgar Allan Poe story " The Murders in the Rue Morgue ". Despairing at the fact others seem unable to see the orangutan as the animal it is, Lewis throws himself into the Seine , as the orangutan continues to present and live as
Clive Barker - Misplaced Pages Continue
5292-519: Is drowned out by the "abyss of the Other's subjectivity". Given that the "For-itself" desires to attain a point of view in which it is both subject and object, one strategy is to gather and intensify every feeling and posture in which the self appears as an object to be rejected, tested, and humiliated; in this way, the For-itself strives toward a point of view in which there is only one subjectivity in
5418-404: Is mad, pale with shock, and his lips are red and chapped from dehydration. Later, Steve steals a fire axe from the shelter and breaks into Quaid's home. Quaid's experiments, all along, were to try to help him understand the nature of fear in order to cure his own coulrophobia , but he is ironically butchered by Steve, whose ghastly appearance, ill-fitting clothes, and over-sized shoes have given him
5544-443: Is not diagnosed as a paraphilia unless such practices lead to clinically significant distress or impairment for the individual. Sadomasochism performed within the context of mutual and informed consent is distinguished from non-consensual acts of sexual violence or aggression. Individuals may identify as and partake in the sadistic, masochistic, or "switch" (performing both or changing) role. There have been occasions where
5670-410: Is now the carrier of the plague she contracted in the tomb, and will spread it far and wide. Several European mercenaries , led by a cold-hearted man named Locke, have bought land in the jungles of South America that is inhabited by a tribe of Amazonian natives. When the tribe refuse to leave, one of Locke's cohorts impulsively and accidentally shoots a native child dead. The elder of the tribe puts
5796-490: Is presented as a comedic tale. Barker wrote a screenplay adapting this story for an episode of the horror TV series Tales from the Darkside (Season 4, episode 7; 8 November 1987). Former policeman Redman starts working in a borstal , where he uncovers a deadly secret involving a boy named Lacey. Lacey claims that a missing boy named Henessey is not missing, but is present as a ghost. As Redman investigates, he finds that
5922-420: Is releasing a succession of demons who proceed to kill off his friends. The demons seem progressively more advanced, appearing to evolve with each knot. When he realizes what he has done, Karney has to seek out the vagrant for help. In a bizarre version of a revolution, it appears that all human beings' hands have their own consciousness and are not happy at being ordered what to do by their owners. The hands of
6048-489: Is reunited with her old lover they embrace each other and willingly die together. This story is also published in the book I Shudder at Your Touch as well as in "Behold! Oddities, Curiosities & Undefinable Wonders". After his car breaks down in Arizona , a man named Davidson witnesses a bizarre parade of monsters. He learns creatures mated with a woman in a nearby town six years before and now wish to reclaim Aaron ,
6174-408: Is seemingly destroyed in turn by the cinema's usher. Some time later, the usher, having tracked down a girl who escaped after being taken over by the creature, confronts it with acid and kills it once and for all. During an unusually warm summer in rural Kent , the ancient monster Rawhead, a nine-foot tall malevolent humanoid, is accidentally awakened from his underground imprisonment. Rawhead goes on
6300-513: Is sold as "In the Flesh", and Volume VI is sold as "Cabal", which includes four or five additional short stories, depending on the edition. For some editions, Clive Barker illustrated the book covers. The first story of Volume 1 acts as a frame story to the Books of Blood anthology series (along with "On Jerusalem Street", the closing story presented in UK editions of Volume 6). The story mentions that
6426-488: Is the derivation of pleasure from acts of respectively inflicting or receiving pain or humiliation . The term is named after the Marquis de Sade , a French author known for his violent and libertine works and lifestyle, and Leopold von Sacher-Masoch , an Austrian author who described masochistic tendencies in his works. Though sadomasochistic behaviours and desires do not necessarily need to be linked to sex, sadomasochism
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#17327931514836552-429: Is the writer of the best-selling Abarat series. In early 2024, he announced he would stop attending conventions and public events so he could focus more on his writing, as he was working on the manuscripts for 31 different projects, some closer to completion than others. During his early years as a writer, Barker occasionally worked as an escort when his writing did not provide sufficient income. In 2003, he received
6678-402: Is trying to talk a local shady businessman into financing the redevelopment of an old swimming pool complex. However, the pool has some mysterious inhabitants in the form of nude teenage girls who flee should Jerry or his would-be financial backer encounter them. Curiosity leads Jerry and the businessman to explore the complex and they separately discover a swimming pool in the centre. It is unlike
6804-454: Is unmoved. It becomes clear that the doppelgänger has become more convincing as a human than he is, so he wanders away, allowing it to continue living in his persona. Published and sold as "The Inhuman Condition". A young man named Karney and his friends beat up a vagrant for fun. Karney steals a strange knotted piece of string he finds on the vagrant. A keen fan of puzzles, Karney undoes the knots that evening, not knowing that, in doing so, he
6930-549: The Candyman series. Barker's paintings and illustrations have been shown in galleries in the United States, and have appeared in his books. He has also created characters and series for comic books, and some of his more popular horror stories have been featured in ongoing comics series. Barker was born on 5 October 1952 in Liverpool , the son of Joan Ruby (née Revill), a painter and school welfare officer, and Leonard Barker,
7056-401: The Hellraiser comic book series from Boom! Studios , and the 1995 movie Lord of Illusions (based on "The Last Illusion" and adapted by Barker himself). Clive Barker's tagline for Books of Blood was: "Everybody is a book of blood; wherever we're opened, we're red." The opening story, "The Book of Blood", introduces the premise of the anthology series by revealing that a fake psychic
7182-579: The Hellraiser series while Peter Atkins wrote the scripts for the first three Hellraiser sequels. Over the next five years Barker wrote nine plays, often serving as director, including some of his best-known stage productions, The History of The Devil , Frankenstein in Love , and The Secret Life of Cartoons . From 1982 to 1983, he wrote Crazyface , Subtle Bodies and Colossus for the Cockpit Youth Theatre. His theatrical work came to
7308-428: The Books of Blood came when he read Dark Forces in the early 1980s and realised that a horror story anthology didn't need to have narrow themes, consistent tone or restrictions to be considered a proper collection. Instead, the stories could range wildly in genre and tone, from the humorous to the truly horrific. Volumes I-III are sold as "The Books of Blood", Volume IV is sold as "The Inhuman Condition", Volume V
7434-727: The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has always been separate; sadism was included in the DSM-I in 1952, while masochism was added in the DSM-II in 1968. Contemporary psychology continues to identify sadism and masochism separately, and categorizes them as either practised as a lifestyle, or as a medical condition. The current version of the American Psychiatric Association 's manual, DSM-5 , excludes consensual BDSM from diagnosis as
7560-539: The Hellraiser anthology comic book. In 2005, IDW published a three-issue adaptation of Barker's children's fantasy novel The Thief of Always , written and painted by Kris Oprisko and Gabriel Hernandez. IDW is publishing a 12 issue adaptation of Barker's novel The Great and Secret Show . In December 2007, Chris Ryall and Clive Barker announced an upcoming collaboration of an original comic book series, Torakator , to be published by IDW. In 2008, Barker authored
7686-402: The afterlife involves "highways of the dead" that sometimes intersect with the living world. A psychic researcher , Mary Florescu, has employed a young medium named Simon McNeal to investigate a haunted house . Unknown to Florescu, who is attracted to McNeal, the man is a fraud. He fakes visions as he has done many times before, pretending to hear names and stories told to him from beyond
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#17327931514837812-517: The "City Fathers", have been the secret rulers of New York for centuries, the people who founded and initially built the city. They eventually present Kaufman to the incomprehensible "Father of Fathers", who has lived there since before the arrival of the first humans in America . One of them pulls out Kaufman's tongue, stating that he will "serve in silence", and recruits him as their new Butcher tasked with bringing them fresh meat. Kaufman passes out as
7938-494: The "Contract": the process by which he can control another individual and turn the individual into someone cold and callous. The sadist, in contrast, derives pleasure from the "Law": the unavoidable power that places one person below another. The sadist attempts to destroy the ego in an effort to unify the Freudian id and super-ego , gratifying the most base desires the sadist can express while ignoring or completely suppressing
8064-516: The 2020s is thought to have increased with the prevalence of easily accessible hardcore pornography and a decrease in social taboo surrounding the subject. In 1995, Denmark became the first European Union country to have completely removed sadomasochism from its national classification of diseases. This was followed by Sweden in 2009, Norway in 2010, Finland in 2011 and Iceland in 2015. Medical opinion of sadomasochistic activities has changed over time. The classification of sadism and masochism in
8190-497: The American industrial band Nine Inch Nails . Steve, a young university student, becomes acquainted with an older classmate named Quaid, an intellectual who has a morbid fascination with dread. Quaid reveals to Steve that he kidnapped a vegetarian classmate of theirs and imprisoned her in a room with merely beef for sustenance, only releasing her when she finally overcame her dread of eating meat to prevent starvation ; she eats
8316-646: The Bess Cutler Gallery in New York and La Luz De Jesus in Los Angeles. Many of his sketches and paintings can be found in the collection Clive Barker, Illustrator , published in 1990 by Arcane/Eclipse Books, and in Visions of Heaven and Hell , published in 2005 by Rizzoli Books. He worked on the horror video game Clive Barker's Undying , providing the voice for the character Ambrose. Undying
8442-684: The Davidson/Valentini Award at the 15th GLAAD Media Awards . He has been open about his experiences with sadomasochism , and says that "on S&M's sliding scale, I'm probably a 6". Barker is critical of organized religion, but has said that the Bible influences his work and spirituality. Years later, he said on Facebook that he did not identify himself as a Christian. Barker said in a December 2008 online interview (published in March 2009) that he had throat polyps which were so severe,
8568-455: The Earth. An athlete taking part in the event, Joel, realizes the actual stakes of the race when the other runners begin to fall, ravaged by some unseen beast. A satanist politician, Gregory, has made a bargain with Hell on the outcome of the race. Before he can win, Joel engages in a struggle with Hell's runner, who bites off his face. As they struggle, the last surviving human runner makes it to
8694-580: The Imagination in 1974 and two more that he was the sole writer of, A Clowns' Sodom and Day of the Dog, for The Mute Pantomime Theatre in 1976 and 1977. He co-founded the avant-garde theatrical troupe The Dog Company in 1978 with former school friends and up and coming actors, many of whom would go on to become key collaborators in Barker's film work. Doug Bradley took on the iconic role of Pinhead in
8820-525: The Marvel/ Epic Comics series Hellraiser , Nightbreed , Pinhead , The Harrowers , Book of the Damned , and Jihad ; Eclipse Books ' series and graphic novels Tapping The Vein , Dread , Son of Celluloid , Revelations , The Life of Death , Rawhead Rex and The Yattering and Jack , and Dark Horse Comics ' Primal , among others. Barker served as a consultant and wrote issues of
8946-502: The Psychology of Sex , argued that there is no clear distinction between the aspects of sadism and masochism, and that they may be regarded as complementary emotional states. He states that sadomasochism is concerned only with pain in regard to sexual pleasure, and not in regard to cruelty, as Freud had suggested. He believed the sadomasochist generally desires that the pain and violence be inflicted or received in love, not in abuse, for
9072-578: The World Health Organization, on June 18, 2018, removed Fetishism, Transvestic Fetishism, and Sadomasochism as psychiatric diagnoses. According to Anil Aggrawal , in forensic science , levels of sexual sadism and masochism are classified as follows: Sexual masochists: Sexual sadists: The difference between I–II and III–IV is consent. Sadomasochism is a subset of BDSM , a variety of erotic practices including bondage , discipline , dominance, and submission. Sadomasochism
9198-405: The age of 15, while the majority of females (78%) developed their interest afterwards. The prevalence of sadomasochism within the general population is unknown. Despite female sadists being less visible than males, some surveys have resulted in comparable amounts of sadistic fantasies between females and males. The results of such studies indicate that one's sex may not be the determining factor for
9324-403: The appearance of a clown. This story has been made into a film , with Jackson Rathbone playing Steve. The film diverges from the short story and introduces new characters, but retains some basic concepts. Every one hundred years, during an annual London marathon, Satan sends one of his representatives to compete against (unsuspecting) human runners. If Satan's minion wins, he gets to rule
9450-502: The basis for the 1992 film Candyman and its three sequels. He had been working on a series of film adaptations of his The Abarat Quintet books under The Walt Disney Company 's management, but due to creative differences, the project was cancelled. He served as an executive producer for the 1998 film Gods and Monsters , a semi-fictional tale of Frankenstein director James Whale 's later years, which won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. Barker said of his interest in
9576-472: The bodies of their citizens . Almost 40,000 people walk as the body of a single giant as tall as a skyscraper. This ritual occurs every ten years, but this time things go wrong and the Podujevo giant collapses, horribly killing tens of thousands of citizens. In shock, the entire population of Popolac goes mad and becomes the giant they are strapped into. Popolac wanders the hills aimlessly. By nightfall, many of
9702-639: The changes made for DSM-5 … in the removal of disorders diagnosed based on consenting behaviors that are not in and of themselves associated with distress or functional impairment." In Europe, an organization called ReviseF65 worked to remove sadomasochism from the ICD. On commission from the WHO ICD-11 Working Group on Sexual Disorders and Sexual Health, ReviseF65 in 2009 and 2011 delivered reports documenting that sadomasochism and sexual violence are two different phenomena. The report concluded that
9828-481: The character of Severin has become embittered by his experiment in the alleged control of masochism, and advocates instead the domination of women. René Girard included his account of sadomasochism in Things Hidden Since the Foundation of The World ( 1978), placing masochism as a coherent part of his theory of mimetic desire . In this view of sadomasochism, the violence involved is an expression of
9954-413: The child she bore. The woman's abusive alcoholic husband knows of the creatures and that they are mostly benevolent, but wants to take revenge on them for impregnating his wife. It is implied that all modern humans originally came to be as a result of similar relationships between these creatures and primordial women, but over time male humans drove the creatures to the brink of extinction. Davidson reaches
10080-489: The complex to find it being demolished, he dives into the pool to join the girls and the Madonna within. A young woman named Vanessa Jape happens across a secluded compound in which a group of elderly scientists and scholars use their great minds to determine the outcome of major world events. After living there for many years in seclusion, their decisions have deteriorated and are now based on games of chance. When Vanessa and
10206-406: The conductor announces the next destination as "home". Kaufman is later awakened by the conductor in a secret, pristine subway station and helped off the train as cleaning crews come on to cover up the events of the previous night. The conductor states that he has a lot to learn before he begins his job that evening, and presents him to the cleaners who look on him with a sense of reverence. He exits
10332-420: The course of the night, he stumbles into the bathroom to discover a Roman-esque statue of a man lying in the bath. Over the next few weeks, he has the sense of being haunted by a doppelgänger . At the same time, his mind and body transforms; he becomes cold and lifeless, no longer needing to eat or sleep. He finally discovers his doppelgänger, the statue from the bath, at his father's grave, crying in sorrow, as he
10458-410: The creation of art. Surveys from the 2000s on the spread of sadomasochistic fantasies and practices show strong variations in the range of their results. Nonetheless, researchers assumed that 5 to 25 percent of the population practices sexual behavior related to pain or dominance and submission. The population with related fantasies is believed to be even larger. Interest in sexual sadomasochism in
10584-406: The day of the final rehearsal, Lichfield states that his wife, Constantia, will play the role on opening night. Diane removes Lichfield's mask to reveal him as an animated corpse . Lichfield kisses Diane, and she slips into a coma. Constantia takes over the role of Viola. Following Diane's "recovery", Terry has sex with her and realizes she is now undead , just before she kills him. The play opens to
10710-467: The demon in order to simultaneously frustrate it and maintain his own sanity. The Yattering subjects him to increasingly severe torments, including killing his cats and terrorizing his family, but these efforts all fail. Eventually Jack tricks the Yattering into violating its orders, allowing Jack to take advantage of a loophole and make the Yattering his slave. In contrast to the other stories, this one
10836-459: The early '90s; on the covers of the collections of his plays, Incarnations (1995) and Forms of Heaven (1996); and on the second printing of the original British publications of his Books of Blood series. Barker also provided the artwork for his young adult novel The Thief of Always and for the Abarat series. His artwork has been exhibited at Bert Green Fine Art in Los Angeles and Chicago, at
10962-431: The feeling of power and authority that comes from performing a dominant role or from receiving pleasure vicariously through the suffering of the masochist. Sexual sadomasochistic desires can appear at any age. Some individuals report having had them before puberty, while others do not discover them until well into adulthood. According to a 1985 study, the majority of male sadomasochists (53%) developed their interest before
11088-422: The film Book of Blood by John Harrison and then for the 2020 Brannon Braga film Books of Blood . Office worker Leon Kaufman has recently moved to New York City , a place that he has long idolized as "The Palace of Delights". Since arriving he has become disillusioned, seeing the dirt and depravity in a city like any other. Meanwhile, a man named Mahogany is killing people in subway trains , identifying as
11214-594: The finish line and Hell loses once again. Gregory is punished for his overconfidence by being gruesomely slain. Jacqueline Ess, a housewife struggling with depression and ennui , attempts suicide and is found by her husband. She recovers only to find that she has an ability to manipulate people's flesh and bodies. Disturbed by his attempts at sedating her, and by his lack of sympathy and understanding of her condition, Jacqueline kills her therapist and then causes her husband's death by willing their bodies to tear apart or fold in on themselves. She temporarily finds peace with
11340-588: The groundwork for the widely accepted medical perspective in the following decades. This led to the first compound usage of the terminology in Sado-Masochism (Loureiroian "Sado-Masochismus") by the Viennese psychoanalyst Isidor Isaak Sadger in his work Über den sado-masochistischen Komplex ("Regarding the sadomasochistic complex") in 1913. In the later 20th century, BDSM activists protested against these ideas , because, they argued, they were based on
11466-399: The individual. For some masochists, taking on a role of compliance or helplessness offers an escape from the stresses of life, responsibility, or guilt. For others, being under the power of a strong, controlling presence may evoke the feelings of safety and protection associated with childhood. Others may derive satisfaction from earning the approval of a controlling figure. A sadist may enjoy
11592-512: The introduction to Coldheart Canyon ; they separated in 2009. Barker wrote the screenplays for Underworld (1985) and Rawhead Rex (1986), both directed by George Pavlou . Displeased by how his material was handled, he moved to directing with Hellraiser (1987), based on his novella The Hellbound Heart . After his film Nightbreed (1990) flopped, Barker returned to write and direct Lord of Illusions (1995). The short story " The Forbidden ", from Barker's Books of Blood , provided
11718-475: The law has focussed on the violent aspects of sadomasochistic behaviour while neglecting consensual sexual practices, such as during a case in England where 15 men were tried for a range of offences relating to sadomasochism. ( See also: Legality of BDSM ) Larry Townsend 's 1983 edition of The Leatherman's Handbook II states that a black handkerchief is a symbol for sadomasochism in the handkerchief code ,
11844-678: The local sheriff, someone asks her why she did it. Virginia answers "the Devil made me do it" while gazing at the moon with "the craziest smile she (can) muster". The shortest story of the collection relates the tale of a wealthy middle-aged businessman, Gregorius, who becomes depressed when he believes God has deserted him, and he comes up with a plan to build a Hell on Earth to summon Satan, believing that God will then sweep him (Gregorius) out of Satan's clutches and into his heavenly fold. In his vast Satanic Cathedral, Gregorious soon loses sight of his original intention of attracting God's attention, and
11970-420: The main plot. Jack Polo is a gherkin importer who is haunted by a minor demon called the Yattering. The demon is commanded to haunt Jack by Beelzebub , because one of Jack's ancestors reneged on a pact made with the demon lord. The Yattering is frustrated when its determined efforts to drive Jack insane are answered with good cheer and apparent obliviousness. Unknown to the Yattering, Jack is purposely ignoring
12096-451: The meat even though it has spoiled . Steve becomes Quaid's next candidate for his experiments, held captive in a dark, silent room, forcing him to relive a childhood period of deafness that terrified him. Steve is driven insane by this forced sensory deprivation and eventually escapes. Steve then happens into a homeless shelter where he is mistaken for a drug-addicted vagrant and is given new clothes and shoes, but these don't fit him well. He
12222-402: The men seek to flee the compound, they experience a car accident; all the elders are killed with the exception of one who refused to go along. Vanessa returns to the compound, forced to participate in the games of chance with the survivor until replacements can be found. A prison inmate named Cleve gets a new cellmate, a mysterious young man called Billy, who admits that he committed a crime with
12348-435: The mortal world; but this time ghosts assault him, carving names and "minute words" into his flesh, leaving him his body covered in stories – the stories of this anthology series. Florescu nurses the young man and begins transcribing his tales, thinking of him as a "Book of Blood" and her as his only translator. This prologue, along with closing story "On Jerusalem Street" from Volume 6, was adapted and directed twice. First for
12474-409: The murder. Buck and Sadie find that Virginia has the ability to both see and hear them. Meanwhile, a scuffle ensues when John discovers their driver, Earl, has been giving Virginia pills to help her deal with her anxiety issues. While looking for Earl to confront him about the pills, John finds the married driver in bed with the daughter of the motel owner, Laura-May. Virginia ends up getting her hands on
12600-471: The other pools in the building in that it is full, glows with a strange light, and appears to be inhabited by some misshapen life-form: the Madonna. While the businessman flees and mutilates himself in horror before falling into the Thames and drowning, Jerry stays and sleeps with one of the girls, returning home to wake up the following morning and discover he has been transformed into a woman. When he returns to
12726-775: The other. Both governments raid their meeting place, causing Mironenko to transform fully. Ballard runs and wakes up in a fellow operative's house. Ballard's rival, Suckling, arrives and kills the agent, only to be killed by the transformed Ballard. Ballard seeks Mironenko, and finds him reading from the Holy Bible to a group of werewolves. The passages he has chosen strongly imply that Mironenko believes God wants them to rule over humankind. Sadomasochism Sadism ( / ˈ s eɪ d ɪ z əm / ) and masochism ( / ˈ m æ s ə k ɪ z ə m / ), known collectively as sadomasochism ( / ˌ s eɪ d oʊ ˈ m æ s ə k ɪ z ə m / SAY -doh- MASS -ə-kiz-əm ) or S&M ,
12852-534: The people who make up the giant die from exhaustion, but the giant continues walking. Mick and Judd, two gay men on honeymoon in the area, come upon the smashed bodies of the Podujevans in a ravine awash with blood. A local man tries to steal their car to catch up with Popolac and reason with it before it collapses and destroys the people who compose it. The man explains the truth of the situation to Mick and Judd, but they do not believe his story. They seek shelter at
12978-705: The philosophies of the two psychiatrists, Freud and Krafft-Ebing, whose theories were built on the assumption of psychopathology and their observations of psychiatric patients . Nomenclature in previous editions of the DSM referring to sexual psychopathology have been criticized as lacking scientific veracity. The DSM-V , however, has depathologized the language around paraphilias in a way that signifies "the APA's intent to not demand treatment for healthy consenting adult sexual expression". Sadomasochism has been practiced since ancient times with some scholars suggesting that it
13104-416: The pleasure of either one or both participants. This mutual pleasure may be essential for the satisfaction of those involved. Jean-Paul Sartre linked the pleasure or power experienced by a sadist in appraising the masochist victim to his philosophy of the "Look of the Other" . Sartre argued that masochism is an attempt by the "For-itself" (consciousness) to reduce itself to nothing, becoming an object that
13230-511: The project: "Whale was gay, I'm gay; Whale was English, I'm English…Whale made some horror movies, and I've made some horror movies. It seemed as if I should be helping to tell this story." Barker also provided the foreword on the published shooting script. In 2005, Barker and horror film producer Jorge Saralegui created the film production company Midnight Picture Show with the intent of producing two horror films per year. In October 2006, Barker announced through his website that he will be writing
13356-498: The realisation that all the men in her life, with the exception of Vassi, have used her for their own interests, and refuses to murder Titus. Instead, she warps his body into that of an animal, and one of his bodyguards shoots him in disgust. Vassi manages to track Jacqueline down in Amsterdam, where she has become a prostitute whose clients only survive one night with her. She is shown to be losing control of her powers, and when she
13482-438: The relationship, being both that of the abuser and the abused. Conversely, Sartre held sadism to be the effort to annihilate the subjectivity of the victim, meaning the sadist is exhilarated by the emotional distress of the victim because they seek a subjectivity that views the victim as both subject and object. In his 1967 essay Coldness and Cruelty (originally French " Présentation de Sacher-Masoch "), Gilles Deleuze rejects
13608-992: The sadomasochism diagnosis was outdated, non-scientific, and stigmatizing. The ICD-11 classification considers Sadomasochism as a variant in sexual arousal and private behavior without appreciable public health impact and for which treatment is neither indicated nor sought. Further, the ICD-11 guidelines "respect the rights of individuals whose atypical sexual behavior is consensual and not harmful." WHO's ICD-11 Working Group admitted that psychiatric diagnoses have been used to harass, silence, or imprison sadomasochists. Labeling as such may create harm, convey social judgment, and exacerbate existing stigma and violence to individuals so labeled. According to ICD-11, psychiatric diagnoses can no longer be used to discriminate against BDSM people and fetishists. Based on advances in research and clinical practice, and major shifts in social attitudes and in relevant policies, laws, and human rights standards",
13734-407: The same murder weapon used by Sadie thirty years prior, which Laura-May has kept as a souvenir. Virginia uses the gun to try to kill Buck's ghost, who managed partial materialization in order to attempt to rape her, but the bullet goes through him and finds its way into John's throat, killing him. Virginia contemplates suicide, but Sadie's ghost advises her to plead insanity . While being taken in by
13860-526: The script to a forthcoming remake of the original Hellraiser film. He was developing a film based on his Tortured Souls line of toys from McFarlane Toys . In 2020, Barker regained control of the Hellraiser franchise, and served as executive producer on a 2022 reboot film for the streaming service Hulu . In May 2015, Variety reported that Clive Barker was developing a television series adaptation of various creepypastas in partnership with Warner Brothers , to be called Clive Barker's Creepypastas ,
13986-422: The series and David Gordon Green directing several episodes. Verheiden, Dougherty and Green will also be executive producing the series with Danny McBride , Jody Hill , Brandon James and Roy Lee of Vertigo Entertainment . Barker is a prolific visual artist, often illustrating his own books. His paintings have been seen first on the covers of his official fan club magazine, Dread , published by Fantaco in
14112-410: The sole intention of coming to this particular prison. Billy believes he has been summoned there by his grandfather Tait, a supposedly powerful sorcerer who was buried in the prison after his execution for murder many years before. Billy's efforts to summon Tait's spirit cause Cleve to be haunted by dreams of a purgatory for murderers, where killers are obliged to spend some portion of their afterlife in
14238-431: The sow's command – a dark reversal on the lustful feelings Redman was harbouring towards Lacey. Terry Calloway is directing Twelfth Night in a run-down theatre. He is having an affair with his leading lady , Diane Duvall, and hopes her soap opera fame will bring in a big audience but also considers her a poor actress. A mysterious masked man, Mr. Lichfield, expresses dissatisfaction with Diane's casting as Viola . On
14364-453: The station onto the streets in the early morning as the city is waking up and coming alive, falls down to his knees, kisses the ground and swears his loyalty to the city. A film of the same name starring Bradley Cooper and Vinnie Jones was released on 1 August 2008. The film greatly expands the book in a number of ways, most notably with the introduction of additional characters such as Maya, Leon's girlfriend, and additional events outside
14490-461: The symptoms of the deadly curse just as he realizes there is now no way of having it removed. A British spy named Ballard stationed in Berlin meets with a KGB counterpart named Mironenko. After their meeting, Mironenko disappears. As Ballard investigates, he witnesses a vicious mauling, which in turn, leads him to discover that he and Mironenko are both werewolves , trained by each agency to defeat
14616-474: The term "sadomasochism" as artificial, especially in the context of Sacher-Masoch's Venus In Furs . Deleuze's counterargument is that the tendency toward masochism is based on intensified desire brought on or enhanced by the acting out of frustration at the delay of gratification. Taken to its extreme, an intolerably indefinite delay is 'rewarded' by punitive perpetual delay, manifested as unwavering coldness. The masochist derives pleasure from, as Deleuze puts it,
14742-562: The terms sadism and masochism into clinical use in his work Neue Forschungen auf dem Gebiet der Psychopathia sexualis ("New research in the area of Psychopathology of Sex") in 1890. The terms were first selected for identifying human behavioral phenomena and for the classification of psychological illnesses or deviant behavior. In 1905, Sigmund Freud described sadism and masochism in his Drei Abhandlungen zur Sexualtheorie ("Three Papers on Sexual Theory") as stemming from aberrant psychological development from early childhood. He also laid
14868-407: The terms "primary" and "secondary" masochism. Though this idea has come under a number of interpretations, in a primary masochism the masochist undergoes a complete, rather than partial, rejection by the model or courted object (or sadist), possibly involving the model taking a rival as a preferred mate . This complete rejection is related to the death drive ( Todestrieb ) in Freud's psychoanalysis. In
14994-421: The town, where a posse of gun-toting locals are eager to slay the monsters. After a violent confrontation in which the townsfolk manage to kill one of the largest creatures along with Aaron, the remaining creatures vanish and arrange for Davidson and a few survivors to become trapped in quicksand , which then hardens when they are half-buried. Trapped, they are left to die in the burning desert heat. The idea of
15120-410: The village, Milton uses the talisman to stall him long enough for the enraged villagers to overpower and kill him. "Rawhead Rex" has a structure similar to Alien or The Thing from Another World , but uses a rural setting. The story was later turned into the film Rawhead Rex (1986), which Barker wrote but then disowned after being dissatisfied with the direction and overall production. Ronnie
15246-406: The will of the ego or conscience. Thus, Deleuze attempts to argue that masochism and sadism arise from such different impulses that the combination of the two terms is meaningless and misleading. A masochist's perception of their own self-subjugating sadistic desires and capacities are treated by Deleuze as reactions to prior experience of sadistic objectification. The epilogue of Venus In Furs shows
15372-431: The world-spanning Imajica (1991), and Sacrament (1996). When Books of Blood was first published in the United States in paperback, Stephen King was quoted on the book covers: "I have seen the future of horror and his name is Clive Barker." As influences on his writing, Barker lists Herman Melville , Edgar Allan Poe , Ray Bradbury , William S. Burroughs , William Blake , and Jean Cocteau , among others. He
15498-679: Was developed by DreamWorks Interactive and released in 2001. He worked on Clive Barker's Jericho for Codemasters , which was released in late 2007. Barker created Halloween costume designs for Disguise Costumes. Around 150 art works by Barker were used in the set of the Academy of the Unseen Arts for the Netflix TV series Chilling Adventures of Sabrina . Barker published his Razorline imprint via Marvel Comics in 1993. Barker horror adaptations and spin-offs in comics include
15624-462: Was ever a primary tendency, and speculated that it may exist only as a transformation of sadism. Sadomasochism in women received comparatively little discussion, as it was believed that it occurred primarily in men. Krafft-Ebing and Freud also assumed that masochism was so inherent to female sexuality that it would be difficult to distinguish as a separate inclination. Havelock Ellis , in Studies in
15750-497: Was imprisoned multiple times for sexual crimes following affairs in which he inflicted and/or received pain during sex, hence engaging in sadomasochism himself. Masochism is named after Leopold von Sacher-Masoch (1836–1895), whose novels explored his masochistic fantasies of receiving pain and degradation, particularly his novel Venus im Pelz (" Venus in Furs "). German psychiatrist Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1840-1902) introduced
15876-403: Was later adapted and used, in part, for the film Quicksilver Highway . A woman named Virginia is unwillingly taken on a tour through the U.S. by her unfeeling husband, a preacher named John Gyer. They stay at a motel which is visited by the ghosts of Buck and Sadie, a married couple who stayed there thirty years before. In the same room, Sadie murdered Buck and was subsequently put to death for
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