98-461: Culverden is a small town in the northern Canterbury region of New Zealand's South Island . It lies at the centre of the Amuri Plain . Culverden has traditionally been surrounded by sheep farms. Dairy farms have now become more common as a result of irrigation schemes in the area. The Waiau Plains Irrigation Scheme was completed in 1980. It provides irrigation to 17,000 hectares of farmland and
196-622: A multi–purpose covered stadium Te Kaha seating 30,000 spectators that is expected to be complete by April 2026. Canterbury was the location used in the filming The Lord of the Rings for the fictional city of Edoras, Rohan , on Mount Sunday, as well as Helm's deep backdrop, several miles down the valley. Christianity in New Zealand Christianity in New Zealand dates to the arrival of missionaries from
294-714: A Briton, and John Robert Godley , an Anglo-Irish aristocrat, founded the Canterbury Association to establish an Anglican colony in the South Island . The colony was based upon theories developed by Wakefield while in prison for eloping with a woman not-of-age. Due to ties to the University of Oxford , the Canterbury Association succeeded in raising sufficient funds and recruiting middle-class and upper-class settlers. In April 1850,
392-404: A busy weekday afternoon. This, along with the strength of the quakes, and the proximity to the city centre, resulted in 181 deaths. Many buildings and landmarks were severely damaged, including the iconic Shag Rock and Christchurch Cathedral . New Zealand's first National State of Emergency was promptly declared. On 13 June 2011 at about 1:00 pm New Zealand time, Christchurch was rocked by
490-630: A divisional court of the Court of Appeal . State Highway 1 runs the length of Canterbury, connecting north to Blenheim and the Cook Strait ferry terminal at Picton and south to Oamaru , Dunedin and Invercargill . Christchurch International Airport , located in Harewood on the northwest outskirts of Christchurch, is the region's main airport. Regular flights operate from Christchurch to most major centres in New Zealand, as well as Australia,
588-585: A grammar and vocabulary of Māori. Kendall travelled to London in 1820 with Hongi Hika and Waikato (a lower ranking Ngāpuhi chief) during which time work was done with Professor Samuel Lee, which resulted in the First Grammar and Vocabulary of the New Zealand Language (1820). In 1823, Rev Henry Williams became the leader of the CMS mission in New Zealand. He settled at Paihia , across
686-463: A long history, stretching from creation of the greywacke basement rocks that make up the Southern Alps to the arrival of the first humans. This history is linked to the solidification and development of tectonic plates, the development of oceans and then life itself. The region is a part of the larger Zealandia continent, itself a part of the larger Australian and Pacific tectonic plates. In
784-549: A low of 43.7% (in Kawerau) to a high of 63.4% (in Ashburton). In general, the tendency is for rural areas, particularly in the lower South Island, to have somewhat higher numbers of Christians, and urban areas to have lower numbers—of the sixteen designated Cities of New Zealand , fifteen have a smaller proportion of Christians than the country as a whole (the exception being Invercargill). The average proportion of Christians in
882-466: A magnitude 5.7 quake, followed by a magnitude 6.3 quake at 2:20 pm, centred in a similar location to that of the February quake with a depth of 6.0 kilometres. Dozens of aftershocks occurred over the following days, including several over magnitude 4. Phone lines and power were lost in some suburbs, and liquefaction surfaced mainly in the eastern areas of the city which were worst affected following
980-616: A million sheep in the region by the early 1850s. By the 1860s, this figure had risen to three million. During this period, the architect Benjamin Mountfort designed many civic and ecclesiastical buildings in the Gothic Revival style. The Canterbury Province was formed in 1853 following the passing of the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 . It was formed from part of New Munster Province and covered
1078-667: A poll in 2007 found 58% of people were opposed to official status being granted. Despite this, each sitting day of the New Zealand Parliament opens with a Christian prayer. In contrast to England , where the Anglican Church is the officially established church , in New Zealand the Anglican Church has no special status, although it often officiates at civic events such as Anzac Day . Most New Zealanders consider politicians' religious beliefs to be
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#17327911872051176-760: A population density of 1.4 people per km. Amuri had a population of 2,223 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 126 people (6.0%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 222 people (11.1%) since the 2006 census . There were 834 households, comprising 1,173 males and 1,047 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.12 males per female. The median age was 34.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 507 people (22.8%) aged under 15 years, 417 (18.8%) aged 15 to 29, 1,056 (47.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 246 (11.1%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 82.9% European/ Pākehā , 10.8% Māori , 0.8% Pasifika , 11.3% Asian , and 3.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
1274-566: A preliminary group led by Godley landed at Port Cooper – modern-day Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō – and established a port, housing and shops in preparation for the main body of settlers. In December 1850, the first wave of 750 settlers arrived at Lyttelton in a fleet of four ships . Following 1850, the province's economy developed with the introduction of sheep farming. The Canterbury region's tussock plains in particular were suitable for extensive sheep farming. Since they were highly valued by settlers for their meat and wool, there were over half
1372-506: A private matter. Many New Zealand prime ministers have been professing Christians, including Jim Bolger , David Lange , Robert Muldoon , Walter Nash , Keith Holyoake , Michael Joseph Savage and Christopher Luxon . Prime ministers Helen Clark , John Key and Jacinda Ardern identified as agnostic during their time in office. Christian political parties have never gained significant support and have often been characterised by controversy. Many of these are now defunct, such as
1470-417: A rapid rate, while smaller Protestant groups and non-denominational churches are growing. "Anglican" is the largest single Christian religious affiliation in New Zealand, according to the 2018 census , which recorded 314,913 adherents in New Zealand. "Roman Catholic" recorded 295,743. When all "catholic" religious affiliations are added together they total 473,145 people. (Note: All figures are for
1568-716: A saintly person and in 1997 the New Zealand Catholic Bishops' Conference agreed to support the "Introduction of the Cause of Suzanne Aubert", to begin the process of consideration for her canonisation as a saint by the Catholic Church. In 1892 the New Zealand Church Missionary Society (NZCMS) formed in a Nelson church hall and the first New Zealand missionaries were sent overseas soon after. Although there
1666-566: A significant role (e.g. the Rātana movement and Labour ). Politicians are often involved in public dialogue with religious groups. In 1967, Presbyterian minister and theologian Lloyd Geering was the subject of one of the few heresy trials of the 20th century, with a judgement that no doctrinal error had been proved. The Catholic Church in New Zealand had a number of its priests convicted of child sexual abuse , notably at Marylands School . Newspapers have also reported child sex abuse cases within
1764-573: A small cove in Rangihoua Bay in the Bay of Islands , at the invitation of chiefs Te Pahi and Ruatara , considered to have been the first preaching of the gospel in New Zealand. The CMS founded its first mission at Rangihoua Bay in the Bay of Islands in 1814 and over the next decade established farms and schools in the area. In June 1823 Wesleydale, the first Wesleyan Methodist mission in New Zealand,
1862-483: A smaller congregation of both unvaccinated and vaccinated members attend or the alternative of an unlimited amount of attendees that provided a vaccination pass. Many churches, such as Auckland's Life Church, Wellington's Arise Church and Christchurch's Harmony Church, opted to take their ministry online over the Christmas period. Christianity has never had official status as a national religion in New Zealand, and
1960-639: A variety of indoor venues. Christchurch City Council maintains 110 sportsgrounds across Christchurch City and Banks Peninsula . The sports venues Lancaster Park and Queen Elizabeth II Park were damaged beyond repair in the 2011 Christchurch earthquake , and were demolished. New facilities built to replace those damaged in the earthquake include the Ngā Puna Wai Sports Hub , the Parakiore Recreation and Sport Centre — an aquatic and indoor sports venue scheduled to open in 2025, and
2058-539: Is a New Zealand radio broadcaster, Media Chaplain, and ordained Christian Minister who is a Sunday evening radio host on Newstalk ZB . Rhema Media is a Christian media organisation in New Zealand . It owns radio networks Rhema , Life FM and Star , and television station Shine TV . In November 2021, the New Zealand government announced that New Zealand will head into a traffic light system. This meant that New Zealand churches had to choose between having
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#17327911872052156-476: Is displayed every November at the Canterbury A&;P Show . The show coincides with the regional anniversary day and Cup Week. During the interwar period, agricultural productivity was boosted by the introduction of mechanization, lime and the improvement of seed stocks. Canterbury is also New Zealand's main producer of cereal crops such as wheat, barley and oats. As of 2002, the region produced 60.7% of
2254-617: Is in Otago. Following the local government reform of 1989 , Kaikōura District was part of the Nelson-Marlborough Region . That region was later abolished and replaced with three unitary authorities . Kaikōura was too small to function as an independent unitary authority and was moved under the jurisdiction of the Canterbury Regional Council in 1992. However, Kaikōura remains part of Marlborough in
2352-608: Is one of the many means being used to address the water issue. The Canterbury mudfish (kowaro) is an endangered species that is monitored by the Department of Conservation. The Canterbury region is administered by the Canterbury Regional Council . The area includes ten territorial authorities , including Christchurch City Council and part of the Waitaki District , the other part of which
2450-465: Is strong in the lower South Island—the city of Dunedin was founded as a Presbyterian settlement, and many of the early settlers in the region were Scottish Presbyterians. Elsewhere, however, Presbyterians are usually outnumbered by both Anglicans and Catholics, making Presbyterianism the most geographically concentrated of the three main denominations. The territorial authorities with the highest proportion of Presbyterians are Gore (where they are 30.9% of
2548-487: The 1989 local government reforms , and since then, Culverden has belonged to the Hurunui District . Culverden is described by Statistics New Zealand as a rural settlement and covers 1.04 km (0.40 sq mi). It had an estimated population of 380 as of June 2024, with a population density of 365 people per km. Culverden is part of the larger Amuri statistical area. Culverden had a population of 351 at
2646-581: The 2018 New Zealand census , a decrease of 15 people (−4.1%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 6 people (1.7%) since the 2006 census . There were 153 households, comprising 159 males and 192 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.83 males per female, with 72 people (20.5%) aged under 15 years, 63 (17.9%) aged 15 to 29, 159 (45.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 54 (15.4%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 89.7% European/ Pākehā , 10.3% Māori , 7.7% Asian , and 1.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. Although some people chose not to answer
2744-473: The 2018 census 38.17% of the population identified as Christian . The largest Christian groups are Anglican , Catholic and Presbyterian . Christian organisations are the leading non-government providers of social services in New Zealand. The first Christian service conducted in New Zealand waters was probably to be carried out by Father Paul-Antoine Léonard de Villefeix , the Dominican chaplain on
2842-885: The Christian Democrat Party , the Christian Heritage Party (which collapsed after leader Graham Capill was convicted as a child sex offender), Destiny New Zealand , The Family Party , and the New Zealand Pacific Party (whose leader Taito Phillip Field was convicted on bribery and corruption charges). The Exclusive Brethren gained public notoriety during the 2005 election for distributing anti-Labour pamphlets, which former National Party leader Don Brash later admitted to knowledge of. The two main political parties, Labour and National , are not affiliated with any religion, although religious groups have at times played
2940-543: The Church Missionary Society who were welcomed onto the beach at Rangihoua Bay in December 1814. It soon became the predominant belief amongst the indigenous people, with over half of Māori regularly attending church services within the first 30 years. Christianity remains New Zealand's largest religious group, but no one denomination is dominant and there is no official state church . According to
3038-565: The Māori electorates system, Canterbury is part of the large Te Tai Tonga electorate which covers the entire South Island, the surrounding islands and most of Wellington in the North Island. It is currently held by Tākuta Ferris of Te Pāti Māori . Judicially, the region is served by four District Courts at Christchurch, Ashburton, Timaru and Kaikōura, and two High Courts at Christchurch and Timaru. The Christchurch High Court also hosts
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3136-576: The Southern Hemisphere Summer allowing open air carolling and barbecues in the sun. Nevertheless, various Northern hemisphere traditions have continued in New Zealand—including roast dinners and Christmas trees , with the pōhutukawa regarded as New Zealand's iconic Christmas tree. Christian and Māori choral traditions have been blended in New Zealand to produce a distinct contribution to Christian music , including
3234-593: The University of Canterbury located in western Christchurch, and Lincoln University located in Lincoln. Sport in Canterbury has developed from the time of the initial settlement by British migrants, and remains an important part of community life. Cricket and rugby union have been popular team sports since the early years of settlement, with the first cricket club established in Christchurch in 1851, and
3332-414: The 2011 Christchurch earthquake). Anglicanism is the largest Christian denomination in Canterbury with 14.8 percent affiliating, while Catholicism is the second-largest with 12.7 percent affiliating. The gross domestic product (GDP) of the Canterbury region was estimated at NZ$ 44.2 billion in the year to March 2022, representing 12.4% of New Zealand's national GDP. The regional GDP per filled job
3430-946: The Anglican Holy Trinity Cathedral, Auckland , ChristChurch Cathedral, Christchurch and Saint Paul's Cathedral, Wellington and the Catholic St Patrick's Cathedral, Auckland , Sacred Heart Cathedral, Wellington , Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch , St. Joseph's Cathedral, Dunedin . The iconic Futuna Chapel was built as a Wellington retreat centre for the Catholic Marist order in 1961. The design by Māori architect John Scott, fuses Modernist and indigenous design principles. The Christian festivals of Christmas and Easter are marked by public holidays in New Zealand . Christmas Day, 25 December, falls during
3528-484: The Anglican Church administers a number of schools; and schools administered by members of the New Zealand Association for Christian Schools educated 13,000 students in 2009. The architectural landscape of New Zealand has been affected by Christianity and the prominence of churches in cities, towns and the countryside attests to its historical importance in New Zealand. Notable Cathedrals include
3626-602: The Balmoral Scheme provides irrigation to a further 5500 hectares. The Health Department encouraged the Amuri County Council to install a water supply in Culverden as a result of a "slight epidemic" of hepatitis which was traced back to contaminated water. A town water supply was built in 1965. Rubbish collection began in Culverden in 1972. A proposal to provide Culverden with a sewage scheme in 1983
3724-679: The Bible increased mana and social and economic benefits, decreased the practices of slavery and intertribal violence, and increased peace and respect for all people in Māori society, including women. Henry Williams played an important role in the translation of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840. In August 1839 Captain William Hobson was given instructions by the Colonial Office to take
3822-414: The CMS trading muskets for food. Māori eventually came to see that the ban on muskets was the only way to bring an end to the tribal wars. Williams organised the CMS missionaries into a systematic study of the Māori language and soon started translating the Bible into Māori. In July 1827 William Colenso printed the first Māori Bible, comprising three chapters of Genesis, the 20th chapter of Exodus,
3920-728: The Canterbury Regional Council consists of all the river catchments on the east coast of the South Island from that of the Waiau Toa / Clarence River , north of Kaikōura , to that of the Waitaki River , in South Canterbury. It is New Zealand's largest region by area, with an area of 45,346 km . Canterbury was traditionally bounded in the north by the Conway River , to the west by the Southern Alps , and to
4018-785: The Canterbury region include the Mainland Tactix (netball), Crusaders (rugby) and the Canterbury Kings (cricket). The Crusaders, who play in the Super Rugby competition, are based in Christchurch. They represent Canterbury and other provinces of the upper South Island. They were formerly known as the Canterbury Crusaders . In provincial rugby, Canterbury is represented by three unions; Canterbury , Mid Canterbury and South Canterbury . For historical reasons, players from Kaikōura District still play for
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4116-671: The Culverden Golf Course in on the northern entrance to Culverden. There is a memorial in the Rutherford Reserve to Dr Charles Little who died in November 1918 from the Spanish Flu. He was the county doctor providing medical services from Waikari to Waiau. When provincial government was abolished in 1876, Culverden became the main centre for the newly established Amuri County . Counties were abolished in
4214-549: The Kaiwara Road. Canterbury Region Canterbury ( Māori : Waitaha ) is a region of New Zealand, located in the central-eastern South Island . The region covers an area of 44,503.88 square kilometres (17,183.04 sq mi), making it the largest region in the country by area. It is home to a population of 694,400 (June 2024). The region in its current form was established in 1989 during nationwide local government reforms. The Kaikōura District joined
4312-596: The Marlborough Rugby Union, which is part of the Tasman Provincial team (Nelson/Marlborough Unions combined). Other sporting teams include the Mainland Tactix (netball), Canterbury United FC (football) and Canterbury Rams (basketball). Christchurch has hosted many international competitions including championship events. A particularly notable international event was the 1974 Commonwealth Games . There are many outdoor sportsgrounds and
4410-526: The North Island's East Coast. It is the largest denomination in most parts of rural New Zealand, the main exception being the lower South Island. The territorial authorities with the highest proportion of Anglicans are Gisborne (where they are 27.4% of the total population), Wairoa (27.1%), and Hurunui (24.9%). The territorial authorities with the lowest proportion of Anglicans are Invercargill (7.7%), Manukau (8.3%), and Clutha (8.5%). Presbyterianism , associated mostly with New Zealanders of Scottish descent,
4508-567: The Pacific Islands and eastern Asia. Timaru's Richard Pearse Airport serves South Canterbury with daily flights to Wellington . Canterbury is served by 292 primary and secondary schools, educating around 94,000 students from ages 5 to 18. Around 13 percent of students attend state-integrated schools and 5 percent attend private schools, with the remaining 82 percent attending state schools. Christchurch and Timaru have single-sex state secondary schools. Canterbury has two universities:
4606-498: The aftershocks. Many residents in and around the hillside suburb of Sumner self-evacuated. Further damage was reported to buildings inside the cordoned central business district, with an estimate of 75 additional buildings needing demolition. Among the buildings further damaged was the Christchurch Cathedral, which lost its iconic rose window . There was one death and multiple injuries. The area administered by
4704-451: The amount of forest on Banks Peninsula has increased. The amount of dairy farming is increasing with a corresponding increase in demand for water. Water use is now becoming a contentious issue in Canterbury. Lowland rivers and streams are generally polluted and some of the aquifers are being overdrawn. The Central Plains Water scheme is a proposal for water storage that has attracted much controversy. The Canterbury Water Management Strategy
4802-568: The arrival of Europeans saw substantial missionary activity, with Māori generally converting to Christianity voluntarily (compare forced conversions elsewhere in the world). The Anglican Church Missionary Society (CMS) sent missionaries to settle in New Zealand. Samuel Marsden of the Church Missionary Society (chaplain in New South Wales ) officiated at its first service on Christmas Day in 1814, at Oihi Bay,
4900-581: The bay from Kororāreka (nowadays Russell) ; then described as "the hell-hole of the South Pacific" because of the abuse of alcohol and prostitution that was the consequence of the sealing ships and whaling ships that visited Kororāreka. Williams concentrated on the salvation of souls. The first baptism occurred in 1825, although it was another 5 years before the second baptism. Schools were established, which addressed religious instruction, reading and writing and practical skills. Williams also stopped
4998-570: The building. It was for sale in October 2020. The Amuri Co-operating Church, formerly Saint Andrews Presbyterian Church, Culverden, It has a stained glass window entitled " Christ the Shepherd and Sheep Farmer", designed by Beverley Shore Bennett and executed by Roy Miller in 1973. Mockett Motors is designed in a Art Deco style. The business has been present in Culverden for over 100 years, State Highway 7 passes through Culverden, forming
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#17327911872055096-535: The census question. In the 2013 census, just under 20 percent of Canterbury's population was born overseas, compared to 25 percent for New Zealand as a whole. The British Isles remains the largest region of origin, accounting for 36.5 percent of the overseas-born population in Canterbury. Around a quarter of Canterbury's overseas-born population at the 2013 Census had been living in New Zealand for less than five years, and 11 percent had been living in New Zealand for less than two years (i.e. they moved to New Zealand after
5194-463: The census usually resident population. Percentages are based on number of responses rather than total population. These are nominal. The 2011 census was cancelled due to the 2011 Christchurch earthquake In all censuses, up to four responses were collected.) The number of Christians in New Zealand varies slightly across different parts of the country—as of the 2006 census, the number of Christians in each territorial authority ranged from
5292-697: The census's question about religious affiliation, 40.2% had no religion, 47.9% were Christian , 0.9% were Buddhist and 3.4% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 36 (12.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 84 (30.1%) people had no formal qualifications. 33 people (11.8%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 150 (53.8%) people were employed full-time, 42 (15.1%) were part-time, and 3 (1.1%) were unemployed. Amuri statistical area, which includes Culverden, Rotherham and Waiau , covers 1,835.61 km (708.73 sq mi). It had an estimated population of 2,560 as of June 2024, with
5390-494: The city was disrupted. Christchurch residents reported chimneys falling in through roofs, cracked ceilings and collapsed brick walls. A local state of emergency was declared at 10:16 am on 4 September for the city, and evacuations of parts were planned to begin later in the day. People inside the Christchurch city centre were evacuated, and the city's central business district remained closed until 5 September. A curfew from 7 pm on 4 September to 7 am on 5 September
5488-454: The coastline to the highest peaks, and from the warmer climes in the north to the colder in the south. Canterbury has been populated by a succession of Māori peoples over the centuries. When European settlers arrived, it was occupied by Ngāi Tahu , whose numbers had been greatly reduced by warfare, among themselves and with Te Rauparaha and his Ngāti Toa from the North Island, in the early 19th century. In 1848, Edward Gibbon Wakefield ,
5586-468: The constitutional steps needed to establish a British colony in New Zealand. Hobson was sworn in as Lieutenant-Governor in Sydney on 14 January, finally arriving in the Bay of Islands on 29 January 1840. The Colonial Office did not provide Hobson with a draft treaty, so he was forced to write his own treaty with the help of his secretary, James Freeman, and British Resident James Busby . The entire treaty
5684-515: The country often before European missionaries arrived. Jean Baptiste Pompallier was the first Catholic bishop to come to New Zealand, arriving in 1838. With a number of Marist Brothers , Pompallier organised the Catholic Church throughout the country. George Augustus Selwyn became the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand in 1841. Selwyn was criticised by the CMS for being ineffective in training and ordaining New Zealand teachers, deacons and priests—especially Māori. It would be 11 years until
5782-460: The first Māori deacon, Rota Waitoa , would be ordained by the Bishop at St Paul's, Auckland , and 24 years before he ordained a Māori priest. The first Māori bishop in New Zealand's history was Frederick Bennett , who was consecrated Anglican Bishop of Aotearoa , in 1928. The first Catholic Māori priest, Father Wiremu Te Āwhitu was ordained in 1944, and the first Māori bishop, Bishop Max Mariu
5880-774: The first chapter of the Gospel of St John, 30 verses of the fifth chapter of the Gospel of St Matthew, the Lord's Prayer and some hymns. It was the first book printed in New Zealand and his 1837 Māori New Testament was the first indigenous language translation of the Bible published in the southern hemisphere. Demand for the Māori New Testament, and for the Prayer Book that followed, grew exponentially, as did Christian Māori leadership and public Christian services, with 33,000 Māori soon attending regularly. Literacy and understanding
5978-409: The first instance, the land is based upon the constructive tectonic forces of this convergent and transformational tectonic plate boundary. In the second instance, the erosive forces of rain, snow, ice, and rock grinding against rock have developed large gravel fans that extend out from the mountains. In the third instance, there is volcanism punching through the basement rocks and blanket of sediments to
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#17327911872056076-570: The first rugby club in 1863. Interest in organised sports has diversified and now includes a wide range of codes. In 2022, the top five sporting codes in Canterbury based on club membership were netball , touch rugby , rugby union, golf and cricket. There are around 1,200 sports clubs and associations in Christchurch, and in 2022 there were 140,000 affiliated members. Most of the sporting codes remain amateur, and rely upon volunteers as administrators and officials. However, there are some professional teams. Notable teams representing Christchurch or
6174-480: The governing National Party (as part of the coalition-led Sixth National Government of New Zealand ) Vanessa Weenink , Hamish Campbell , and Matt Doocey . Meanwhile, the Christchurch Central , Christchurch East , and Wigram electorates are currently held by opposition ( Labour Party ) members Duncan Webb , Reuben Davidson , and Megan Woods respectively. In contrast to Christchurch, much of
6272-501: The highest proportion of Catholics are Kaikōura (where they are 18.4% of the total population), Westland (18.3%), and Grey (17.8%). The territorial authorities with the lowest proportion of Catholics are Tasman (8.1%), Clutha (8.7%), and Western Bay of Plenty (8.7%). Anglicanism , associated mostly with New Zealanders of English descent, is common in most parts of the country, but is strongest in Canterbury (the city of Christchurch having been founded as an Anglican settlement) and on
6370-433: The middle part of the South Island, stretching from the east coast to the west coast. The province was abolished, along with other provinces of New Zealand, when the Abolition of the Provinces Act came into force on 1 November 1876. The modern Canterbury Region has slightly different boundaries, particularly in the north, where it includes some districts from the old Nelson Province . A magnitude 7.1 earthquake occurred in
6468-476: The minds of many people. In 2006, the Banks Peninsula District was merged into Christchurch City following a 2005 referendum. The Canterbury Region is covered by ten general electorates and one Māori electorate. The city of Christchurch as a whole consists of five of these electorates, while the electorate of Waimakariri contains a mix of Christchurch and exurban Canterbury. The Banks Peninsula , Ilam , and Waimakariri electorates are currently held by members of
6566-441: The nation's supply of wheat, 51.1% of its barley stocks and 43.7% of its supply of oats. Canterbury has 25,065 hectares of horticultural land, the largest area in New Zealand. The largest crops are potatoes (4,330 ha), peas and beans (2,700 ha), wine grapes (1,770 ha), berries (1,100 ha), and onions (1,000 ha). The region produces half of the New Zealand's mushrooms , nuts and berries. The region's viticulture industry
6664-404: The next highest category of regional GDP, at $ 3.67 billion, followed by professional, scientific and technical services at $ 3.64 billion. Agriculture contributed $ 3.26 billion to the regional economy in the year ended March 2022. The agriculture sector is diversified into dairy farming, sheep farming and horticulture particularly viticulture . The strength of the region's agricultural economy
6762-492: The popular hymns Whakaria Mai and Tama Ngakau Marie. New Zealand once hosted the largest Christian music festival in the Southern Hemisphere, Parachute Music Festival , however in 2014, the music festival was cancelled due to financial difficulties. Large Christian Easter events still occur. Eastercamp, a Christian youth event in South Island, draws 3500 youths from over 50 youth groups and churches. New Zealand has many media organisations and personalities. Frank Ritchie ,
6860-537: The population of Canterbury is 694,400 as of June 2024, which gives a population density of 15.6 people per km . The region is home to 13.0% of New Zealand's population. Canterbury Region had a population of 651,027 in the 2023 New Zealand census , an increase of 51,333 people (8.6%) since the 2018 census , and an increase of 111,594 people (20.7%) since the 2013 census . There were 322,038 males, 326,082 females and 2,907 people of other genders in 251,661 dwellings. 3.7% of people identified as LGBTIQ+ . The median age
6958-419: The province, particularly in Waipara. Like much of the Canterbury-Otago tussock grasslands the Canterbury Plains have been highly modified since human settlement and now support a large agricultural industry. Prior to the arrival of Māori settlers in the 13th century, much of the modern Canterbury region was covered in scrub and beech forests. Forest fires destroyed much of the original forest cover which
7056-511: The railway through Culverden was closed entirely on 15 January 1978. Little now remains of the town's railway except a loading bank at the site of the old station. Amuri Area School is the sole school in Culverden, catering for Year 1 to 13 students (ages 5 to 18), with a roll of approximately 371 students. Cricketer Amy Satterthwaite (born 1986) grew up in Culverden. The Kaiwara Classic Mountain Bike Race starts in Culverden and Cheviot via
7154-492: The region in 1992 following the abolition of the Nelson-Marlborough Regional Council. Christchurch , the South Island's largest city and the country's second-largest urban area, is the seat of the region and home to 58 percent of the region's population. Other major towns and cities include Timaru , Ashburton , Rangiora and Rolleston . The land, water, flora, and fauna of Canterbury has
7252-415: The region on Saturday 4 September 2010, at 04:35 am. The epicentre was located 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Christchurch; 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south-east of Darfield , and had a depth of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). The earthquake caused widespread damage to buildings and power outages, but no direct fatalities. Sewers were damaged, gas and water lines were broken, and power to up to 75% of
7350-556: The ship Saint Jean Baptiste commanded by the French navigator and explorer Jean-François-Marie de Surville . Villefeix was the first Christian minister to set foot in New Zealand, and probably said Mass on board the ship near Whatuwhiwhi in Doubtless Bay on Christmas Day in 1769. He is reported to have also led prayers for the sick the previous day and to have conducted Christian burials. New Zealand's religious history after
7448-590: The sixteen cities is 50.2%. Catholicism , associated mostly with New Zealanders of Irish , Polish, descent, is the most evenly distributed of the three main denominations, although it still has noticeable strengths in south and central Taranaki , on the West Coast , and in Kaikōura . It is also the largest denomination in Auckland and Wellington , although not by a great extent. The territorial authorities with
7546-783: The south by the Waitaki River . The area is commonly divided into North Canterbury (north of the Rakaia River to the Conway River), Mid Canterbury (from the Rakaia River to the Rangitata River ), South Canterbury (south of the Rangitata River to the Waitaki River) and Christchurch City. Canterbury Region covers 44,503.60 km (17,182.94 sq mi). Statistics New Zealand estimates
7644-434: The surface. Upon this solid foundation, and slowly over the billions of years, life made up of a countless generations of interconnected adaptations developed into the unique flora and fauna of Aotearoa/New Zealand. The remnants populations of these unique species are visible today in the publicly protected conservation lands. The species of Waitaha/Canterbury were adapted to the climate and geography that traverses inland from
7742-654: The surrounding Canterbury region is dominated by the National Party due to its ties to rural farming and business interests. The large Kaikōura electorate covers all of the Marlborough Region and northern Canterbury and is represented by National MP Stuart Smith . The substantial Waitaki electorate, held by National MP Miles Anderson , covers most of South Canterbury and neighbouring North Otago . Rangitata and Selwyn are held by National members James Meager and Nicola Grigg respectively. Under
7840-929: The total population), Clutha (30.7%), and Southland (29.8%). The territorial authorities with the lowest proportion of Presbyterians are Far North (4.4%), Kaipara (6.2%), and Wellington (6.7%). Pentecostalism and non-denominational churches are amongst the highest denominations according to the 2018 census. Examples of these churches are Life Church in Auckland, Curate Church in Mount Maunganui, Arise in Wellington and Harmony Church in Christchurch. Christian organisations in New Zealand are heavily involved in community activities including education; health services; chaplaincy to prisons, rest homes and hospitals; social justice and human rights advocacy. Approximately 11% of New Zealand students attend Catholic schools;
7938-625: The town to Waiau in 1919 and it became known as the Waiau Branch . At the line's peak, when it was considered to be part of the Main North Line, multiple trains ran daily between Culverden and Christchurch, including the Culverden Express and a number of slower mixed trains that carried both freight and passengers. However, regular passenger services were replaced by buses on 29 January 1939 and after becoming uneconomic,
8036-543: The town's main street. Culvenden was also once an important railway terminus, with the railway line extended from Medbury across the Hurunui River to Culverden on 8 February 1886. It was envisaged that this route would become the Main North Line to Nelson and Blenheim , but a coastal route via Parnassus and Kaikōura was chosen instead. Nonetheless, the branch line to Culverden was extended beyond
8134-502: The treaty. In 1845, 64,000 Māori were attending church services, over half of the estimated population of 110,000. By then, there was probably a higher proportion of Māori attending Church in New Zealand than British people in the United Kingdom. The New Zealand Anglican Church , te Hāhi Mihinare (the missionary church), was, and is, the largest Māori denomination. Māori made Christianity their own and spread it throughout
8232-445: Was $ 126,733, 4.6% below the national average of $ 132,815. For the year ended March 2022, the manufacturing industry was the largest contributor to the Canterbury regional economy, at $ 4.1 billion. Primary manufacturing (the process of creating a product from raw materials) represented $ 2.48 billion of the total. Manufacturing industries in the region employed 10.6% of the filled jobs in the region. The construction sector represented
8330-492: Was $ 38,600, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 258 people (15.0%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,047 (61.0%) people were employed full-time, 297 (17.3%) were part-time, and 30 (1.7%) were unemployed. This was designed in a Georgian style. It was earthquake damaged and the Hurunui District Council was looking at repairing and strengthening
8428-648: Was $ 41,400, compared with $ 41,500 nationally. 57,885 people (10.8%) earned over $ 100,000 compared to 12.1% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 274,113 (51.0%) people were employed full-time, 79,245 (14.7%) were part-time, and 12,546 (2.3%) were unemployed. People could identify as more than one ethnicity. The results were 80.3% European ( Pākehā ); 10.6% Māori ; 3.7% Pasifika ; 13.3% Asian ; 1.6% Middle Eastern, Latin American and African New Zealanders (MELAA); and 2.5% other, which includes people giving their ethnicity as "New Zealander". English
8526-445: Was 21.7, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 49.5% had no religion, 40.2% were Christian , 0.1% had Māori religious beliefs , 1.2% were Hindu , 0.3% were Muslim and 2.3% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 303 (17.7%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 327 (19.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
8624-454: Was 39.1 years (compared with 38.1 years nationally). There were 113,751 people (17.5%) aged under 15 years, 125,919 (19.3%) aged 15 to 29, 297,834 (45.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 113,520 (17.4%) aged 65 or older. Of those at least 15 years old, 101,367 (18.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, 279,984 (52.1%) had a post-high school certificate or diploma, and 124,818 (23.2%) people exclusively held high school qualifications. The median income
8722-493: Was approved by the Amuri County Council. Residents were unhappy with the cost of it and it was never built. Culverden was still without a sewage scheme in 2000. Culverden had its telephone exchange upgraded to an automatic exchange in 1984. The Bank of New Zealand closed its branch in Culverden in 1988. The Rutherford Reserve and the Culverden Recreation Reserve are on the southern side of Culverden and
8820-474: Was centred just to the north of Lyttelton, 10 kilometres south-east of Christchurch, at a depth of 5 km. Although lower on the moment magnitude scale than the quake of September 2010, the intensity and violence of the ground shaking was measured to be VIII on the MMI , which is among the strongest ever recorded globally in an urban area due to the shallowness and proximity of the epicentre. The quake struck on
8918-478: Was established at Kaeo , near Whangaroa Harbour . The first book published in the Māori language was A Korao no New Zealand ; or, the New Zealander's First Book , published by CMS missioner Thomas Kendall in 1815. In 1817 Tītore and Tui (also known as Tuhi or Tupaea (1797?–1824)) sailed to England. They visited Professor Samuel Lee at Cambridge University and assisted him in the preparation of
9016-483: Was established by French settlers in Akaroa . Since then, wine-growing is concentrated into two regions: Waipara and Burnham . Recently, there have been vintages from plantings from Kurow further to the south. White wine has typically predominated in Canterbury from Riesling , Sauvignon blanc , Chardonnay , Gewürztraminer , and to a lesser extent Pinot blanc and Pinot gris . Pinot noir has had some success in
9114-699: Was ordained in 1988. The Sisters of Mercy arrived in Auckland in 1850 and were the first order of religious sisters to come to New Zealand and began to work in health care and education. At the direction of Mary MacKillop (St Mary of the Cross), the Sisters of St Joseph of the Sacred Heart arrived in New Zealand and established schools. In 1892, Suzanne Aubert established the Sisters of Compassion —the first Catholic order established in New Zealand for women. The Anglican Church in New Zealand recognises her as
9212-632: Was prepared in four days. Realising that a treaty in English could be neither understood, debated or agreed to by Māori, Hobson instructed Williams, who worked with his son Edward , who was also proficient in the Māori language, to translate the document into Māori and this was done overnight on 4 February. Williams was also involved in explaining the treaty to Māori leaders, firstly at the meetings with William Hobson at Waitangi, but later also when he travelled to Port Nicholson, Queen Charlotte's Sound, Kapiti, Waikanae and Otaki to persuade Māori chiefs to sign
9310-477: Was put in place. The New Zealand Army was deployed to assist police and enforce the curfew. There were 63 reported aftershocks in the first 48 hours, with three registering 5.2 magnitude. The total insurance costs of the event were estimated as up to $ 11 billion, according to the New Zealand Treasury. A large aftershock of magnitude 6.3 occurred on 22 February 2011 at 12:51 pm. It
9408-448: Was some hostility between Catholic and Protestants in the 19th and early 20th centuries, this declined towards the end of the 20th century. The proportion of New Zealanders who identify as Christian is declining—accounting for around 38% of responses to the 2018 census , whereas in the 1991 census it stood at around three-quarters. Christian groups are experiencing mixed trends. Anglicanism and Presbyterianism are both losing adherents at
9506-557: Was spoken by 96.3%, Māori language by 2.1%, Samoan by 1.0% and other languages by 13.8%. No language could be spoken by 2.0% (e.g. too young to talk). New Zealand Sign Language was known by 0.6%. The percentage of people born overseas was 24.6, compared with 28.8% nationally. Religious affiliations were 32.2% Christian , 1.7% Hindu , 1.0% Islam , 0.3% Māori religious beliefs , 0.8% Buddhist , 0.5% New Age , 0.1% Jewish , and 1.7% other religions. People who answered that they had no religion were 55.1%, and 6.8% of people did not answer
9604-473: Was succeeded by tussock grassland. By the 19th century, only ten percent of this forest cover remained, and the European settlers introduced several new exotic grass , lupin , pine and macrocarpa that gradually supplanted the native vegetation. Much of the native vegetation was isolated to the alpine zones and Banks Peninsula. From a minimum of about one percent of its original forest cover in circa 1900,
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