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46-480: Ambrose Alli University ( AAU ) is a state-owned university in Edo State , Nigeria . It was established in 1981 by the governor of Bendel State (now Edo and Delta States ), Ambrose Folorunsho Alli . Initially known as Bendel State University, subsequently known as Edo State University, and finally changed to its present name in commemoration of Professor Ambrose Folorunsho Alli, AAU is accredited and recognized by

92-477: A colony's growth, which was reflected in his budgets from 1906 to 1912. He had a constant struggle to obtain approval for these budgets from the colonial office. As early as 1908, Egerton supported the idea of "a properly organized Agricultural Department with an energetic and experienced head", and the Department of Agriculture came into being in 1910. Egerton endorsed the development of rubber plantations,

138-476: A concept familiar to him from his time in Malaya, and arranged for land to be leased for this purpose. This was the foundation of a highly successful industry. He also thought there could be great potential in the tin fields near Bauchi , and thought that if proven a branch line to the tin fields would be justified. Egerton came into conflict with the administration of Northern Nigeria on a number of issues. There

184-464: A large part of the southeast of Nigeria was still outside British control. On taking office, Egerton began a policy of sending out annual pacification patrols, which generally obtained submission through the threat of force without being required to actually use force. When Egerton became Governor of Lagos he enthusiastically endorsed the extension of the Lagos – Ibadan railway onward to Oshogbo , and

230-576: A plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas. English is the official language of the state. The major tribal languages spoken in the state are Edo , Etuno , Etsako , Esan , Ake-Ievbu and Okpamheri . Edo State is home to several ethnicities, they are the Edo , Okpe , Esan , Afenmai , Akoko , Igbanke , Emai . The Etsako/Afemai people of Edo state have the highest population of Muslims. They live in Six local government areas within

276-525: Is -0.68% lower than Nigeria's averages. Edo typically receives about 183.49 millimeters (7.22 inches) of precipitation and has 265.91 rainy days (72.85% of the time) annually and at an elevation of 239.16 meters (784.65 feet) above sea level. With Benin City as capital, the population of the entire state is approximately 5 million. It is made up of four major ethnic groups ; namely Edo (Binis), Owan , Esan and Afemai ( Etsako & Akoko Edo ). However,

322-539: Is organized on the basis of age-grades similar to those of the villages as well as on the basis of wards and chiefs, both hereditary and non-hereditary, serving the Oba in specialised functions. The Oba is the focal point of the Benin political system and institution is based squarely on that of divine kingship. Edo state has a Tropical wet and dry or savanna climate with yearly temperature of 28.78 °C (83.8 °F) and it

368-533: Is served by Benin Airport with flights to Abuja, Kano, Lagos and Port Harcourt. Southern Nigeria Protectorate The Lagos colony was later added in 1906, and the territory was officially renamed the Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria . In 1914, Southern Nigeria was joined with Northern Nigeria Protectorate to form the single colony of Nigeria. The unification was done for economic reasons and

414-616: Is the Edo language , which is commonly spoken in Benin City. Christianity is the dominant religion in Edo State. It was first introduced to the region by Portuguese missionaries during the 15th century. Islam and traditional religions are also practised. The Mid-Western Region was a division of Nigeria from 1963 to 1991, formally known as Bendel state from 1976. It was formed in June 1963 from Benin and Delta provinces of

460-514: Is the fourth largest city in Nigeria, and the centre of the country's rubber industry. Created in 1991 from the former Bendel State , it is also known as the heart beat of the nation. Edo State borders Kogi State to the north for 133 km and across the Niger River for 81 km to the northeast, Anambra State to the east for about four km across the Niger River, Delta State to

506-458: Is the legislative body. The electoral system of each state is selected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two -third of the State local government Areas. If no candidate passes threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received

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552-625: The British Empire conducted a punitive expedition of the region, destroying most of the ancient city of Edo and incorporating the territory into what would become the Southern Nigeria Protectorate . Edo State is a diverse state that is predominantly inhabited by the Edoid people , including the Edo (or Bini) , Esan , Ora, Akoko-Edo, Owan and Afemai people among others. The most common Edoid language spoken

598-561: The Church of Nigeria under Archbishop Cyril Odutemu (2020) includes the Diocese of Akoko-Edo (2007) led by Bishop Jolly Ehigiator Oyekpen until he died 2022, the Diocese of Benin (1962) led by Bishop Peter Imasuen (2004), the Diocese of Esan (2000) led by Bishop Gabriel Elabor (2020), the Diocese of Etsako (2007) led by Bishop Felix Unuokhe Olorunfemi , the Diocese of Oleh (1999) led by Bishop John Usiwoma Aruakpor (2012), and

644-695: The Diocese of Sabongidda-Ora (1993) led by Bishop Augustine Ohilebo (2004). Tourist attractions in Edo State include the Emotan Statue in Benin City, Ise Lake and River Niger Beach in Agenebode , Etsako-East; Mike Akhigbe Square at fugar , Ambrose Alli Square, Ekpoma , River Niger Beaches at Ilushi , BFFM Building at Ewu , Obiemen lake in Agua Irrua, Igun Bronze Caster at Igun Street in Benin City, College of Agriculture and Aqua Culture Technology, Agenebode, Okpekpe with its hills and scenes and

690-639: The National Universities Commission (NUC). The Ambrose Alli University Library houses the information resources for the institution. The current vice-chancellor (acting capacity) of the university is Asomwan Sonnie Adagbonyin. He was appointed on 8 February 2022 by the Governor of Edo state Godwin N. Obaseki . The former vice-chancellor Ignatius A. Onimawo is credited for his unique deployment and application of information and communications technology (ICT) in every aspect of

736-633: The Obas to accept the establishment of the Supreme Court in the main towns. In 1912, Egerton was replaced by Frederick Lugard , who was appointed Governor-General of both Southern and Northern Nigeria with the mandate to unite the two. Egerton was appointed Governor of British Guiana as his next posting, clearly a demotion, which may have been connected to his fights with the Colonial Office officials. Lugard returned to Nigeria as Governor of

782-662: The Yoruba lands in the southwest of what is now Nigeria, in 1903. The colonial office wanted to amalgamate the Lagos Colony with the protectorate of Southern Nigeria, and in August 1904 also appointed Egerton as High Commissioner for the Southern Nigeria Protectorate. He held both offices until 28 February 1906. On that date, the two territories were formally united and Egerton was appointed Governor of

828-519: The State has a high presence of residents from across the country and the world because of its cosmopolitan tendencies. Benin City has a history of being one of the foremost destinations of Europeans during their exploration of Africa continent many centuries ago. Some of these flash points have remained enviable tourists' attraction sites for the state. The people are known for having several Edo traditional food . The main ethnic groups in Edo State are Édo, Etsako, Esan, Owan, and Akoko Edo. Some of

874-524: The State. The State Judiciary is headed by a Chief Judge. On 19 May 2023, Former Edo State Governor, Godwin Obaseki swore in Hon. Justice Daniel Iyobosa Okungbowa as Acting Chief Judge of Edo State, following the retirement of Justice Joe Acha. Monday Okpebholo is the current governor of Edo State and was sworn into office on 12 November 2024. His deputy is Dennis Idahosa . The Edo State House of Assembly

920-532: The Ujemen Campus, which had a more welcoming academic atmosphere. In 1999, a three-story library facility was officially opened by the head of state, occupying 14,000 square meters.The library system currently consists of a main library and several outreach libraries and it is a hybrid library system which provides print and non-print information resources. Ambrose Alli University announced the sacking of four lecturers over gross misconduct . The dismissal

966-909: The Usomege Hills at Apana-Uzairue, Somorika hills in Akoko Edo , where a government-run tourist center at Ososo is set among spectacular scenery. The state produces crude oil, and other mineral resources like limestone and quarry. The state has a cement factory at Okpella and a Flour Mill at Ewu which is moribund. The following are the Mineral Resources found in Edo State Notable tertiary learning institutions in Edo state include: List of Edo State Medical zones and associated local government areas. Federal Highways are Other major roads include Airports: Benin City

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1012-566: The West African Medical Service and saying that no European should take orders from an African, which had the effect of ruling out African doctors from serving with the army. Egerton himself did not always approve of these policies, and they were not strictly upheld. The legal relationship between the Lagos government and the Yoruba states of the Lagos Colony was not clear, and it was not until 1908 that Egerton persuaded

1058-593: The Western Region, and its capital was Benin City. It was renamed a province in 1966, and in 1967 when the other provinces were split up into several states, it remained territorially intact, becoming a state. During the Nigerian Civil War , the Biafran forces invaded the new Mid-Western state, en route to Lagos , in an attempt to force a quick end to the war. While under Biafran occupation,

1104-561: The amelioration of the condition of the native people, among other means by the exclusion, wherever possible, of alcoholic liquors, and by the suppression of slave raiding and slavery. Lugard ran the country with half of each year spent in England , distant from realities in Africa where subordinates had to delay decisions on many matters until he returned, and based his rule on a military system. The British economic policy for Africa at

1150-540: The borderlands. Also, Ika speaking communities exist in Igbanke (Ika) in Orhionmwon LGA. Edo State consists of eighteen (18) Local Government Areas . They are: Edo State House Of Assembly Division List 2013, consists of twenty-four (24) divisions: The Judiciary is the third arm of Government in the State, vested with the power to interpret the laws and resolve disputes in both civil and criminal matters in

1196-486: The colonial administration sought to use the budget surpluses in Southern Nigeria to offset this deficit. Sir Frederick Lugard , who took office as governor of both protectorates in 1912, was responsible for overseeing the unification, and he became the first governor of the newly united territory. Lugard established several central institutions to anchor the evolving unified structure. A Central Secretariat

1242-607: The control of the Central Secretariat in Lagos. The process of unification was undermined by the persistence of different regional perspectives on governance between the Northern and Southern Provinces, and by Nigerian nationalists in Lagos. While southern colonial administrators welcomed amalgamation as an opportunity for imperial expansion, their counterparts in the Northern Province believed that it

1288-588: The damage that was being done to the Cross River trade by the combination of indigenous middlemen and traders based in Calabar . The established traders at first got the Colonial Office to pass rules inhibiting competition from traders willing to set up bases further inland, but with some difficulty, Egerton persuaded the officials to reverse their ruling. Egerton was a strong advocate of colonial development. He believed in deficit financing at certain periods of

1334-408: The day-to-day running of the institution. The University Library began operating fully in 1983. The first university librarian was hired in 1982, and the library's initial book collection consisted of 36,509 volumes, including 30,818 books and 5,691 government documents, as well as 369 journal titles. At the time the library opened, there were 24 employees, including 20 junior and 4 senior employees.In

1380-517: The early years of its existence, the library experienced a series of moves as it searched for appropriate office space.The library's first move was from a temporary office to a temporary administrative building, then it moved to a three-bedroom home, before finally relocating to the Emaudo Campus in December 1982, which was its permanent location.The library was then relocated again in 1987 to

1426-726: The groups can trace their origin to Benin City, hence their dialects vary with their distance from Benin City. The Edo speaking people occupy seven out of the 18 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the state and constitute 57.54% of the total population. Others are as follows: Esan (17.14%), Etsako (12.19%), Owan (7.43%), and Akoko Edo (5.70%). There are also Igbira speaking communities in Akoko Edo, Itsekiri communities in Ikpoba-Okha, and Ijaw Izons and Urhobos in Ovia North East and South West Local Government Areas, especially in

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1472-536: The new Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria, holding office until 1912. In the new Southern Nigeria, the old Lagos Colony became the Western Province, and the former Southern Nigerian Protectorate was split into a Central Province with capital at Warri and an Eastern Province with capital at Calabar . When his predecessor in Southern Nigeria, Sir Ralph Denham Rayment Moor , resigned,

1518-578: The north should terminate at Lagos or should take alternative routes to the Niger River and the coast. Egerton had reason on his side in objecting to the proposed line terminating at Baro on the Niger, since navigation southward to the coast was restricted to the high-water season, and even then was uncertain. Egerton's administration imposed policies that tended towards segregation of Europeans and Africans. These included excluding Africans from

1564-597: The project was approved in November 1904. Construction began in January 1905 and the line reached Oshogbo in April 1907. He favoured rail over river transport, and pushed to have the railway further extended to Kano by way of Zaria . He also sponsored extensive road construction, building on the legislative foundation laid by his predecessor Moor which enabled use of unpaid local labour. Egerton shared Moor's views on

1610-466: The southeast and south for 350 km (218 miles), and Ondo State to the west. The modern borders of Edo State encompasses regions that were formerly the site of various empires and kingdoms of the second dynasty formed in the 11th century AD, the Benin Empire . The ancient city of Edo , the site of modern-day Benin City , was home to some of the largest earthworks in the world. In 1897,

1656-798: The state and their major occupation is farming. Languages of Edo State listed by LGA: Christianity and Islam are the major religions practiced in Edo State, although a minority of the population adhere to indigenous religions. The Catholic Church comprises the Archdiocese of Benin City [1] (1884 as Upper Niger) with 84 parishes under Archbishop Augustine Obiora Akubeze [2] (2011) and three suffragan dioceses of Auchi [3] (2002) with 56 parishes under Bishop Gabriel Ghiakhomo Dunia [4] (2002), Issele-Uku [5] (1973) with 94 parishes under Bishop Michael Odogwu Elue [6] (2003), and Uromi [7] (2005) with 18 parishes under Bishop Donatus Aihmiosion Ogun [8] (2014). The Anglican Province of Bendel (2002) in

1702-503: The state was declared as the " Republic of Benin " as Nigerian forces were to retake the region. The republic collapsed a day after the declaration as Nigerian troops overtook Benin City. Edo State was established on 27 August 1991 when Bendel State was split into Edo and Delta States . The Edo people political organization is expressed in a three-tier age group system that cuts across kin groups and make age, rather than line-age affiliation, with criterion of authority. Benin city itself

1748-405: The time was founded on the belief that if African peoples were brought to embrace European civilisation with its emphasis on law and order their economic resources would be more effectively and thoroughly exploited to the benefit of all. It was optimistically and simplistically believed that the problem of African economic development was largely the problem of law and order; that once the slave trade

1794-422: The two protectorates. His main mission was to complete the amalgamation into one colony. Although controversial in Lagos , where it was opposed by a large section of the political class and the media, the amalgamation did not arouse passion in the rest of the country. From 1914 to 1919, Lugard was made Governor General of the now combined Colony of Nigeria. Throughout his tenure, Lugard sought strenuously to secure

1840-551: Was Ralph Moor . When Lagos was amalgamated with the rest of southern Nigeria in 1906, the then high commissioner Walter Egerton was made into Governor of the territory. When in 1900 the protectorate passed from the Foreign Office to the Colonial Office, Ralph Moor became High Commissioner of Southern Nigeria and laid the foundations of the new administration, his health failing, he retired on pension on 1 October 1903. Egerton became Governor of Lagos Colony, covering most of

1886-546: Was approved after the emergency meeting held on 1 December 2021. Edo State Edo , officially known as Edo State , is a state in the South-South geopolitical zone of the federal republic of Nigeria . As of 2022, the state was ranked as the 22nd most populous state (4,777,000) in Nigeria. The estimated state population is around 4,777,000 in 2022. Edo State is the 22nd largest State by landmass in Nigeria. The state's capital and largest city, Benin City ,

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1932-546: Was debate over whether Ilorin should be incorporated into Southern Nigeria since the people were Yoruba, or remain in Northern Nigeria since the ruler was Muslim and for some time Ilorin had been subject to the Uthmaniyya Caliphate. There was argument about the administration of duties on goods landed on the coast and carried into Northern Nigeria. And there was dispute over whether railway lines from

1978-441: Was injurious to the interests of the areas they administered because of their relative backwardness and that it was their duty to resist the advance of southern influences and culture into the north. Southerners, on their part, were not eager to embrace the extension of legislation originally meant for the north to the south. From its foundation, southern Nigeria was administered by a high commissioner. The first high commissioner

2024-585: Was instituted at Lagos , which was the seat of government, and the Nigerian Council (later the Legislative Council), was founded to provide a forum for representatives drawn from the provinces. Certain services were integrated across the Northern and Southern Provinces because of their national significance—military, treasury, audit, posts and telegraphs, railways , survey, medical services, judicial and legal departments—and brought under

2070-412: Was not enough for the colonial power to impose and maintain law and order though. It was also necessary to promote and develop free movement and natural growth and trade. Also it was the generally accepted assumption that the economic efforts and products of a colony should supplement, rather than compete with or undermine, the economic efforts and products of the metropolitan country. This was a survival of

2116-456: Was suppressed the chaos and anarchy believed to be the bane of life in Africa would disappear and African endeavour would be channelled to the collection of the national produce of the tropical forest for the satisfaction of European needs. The view came to be held that Africans by themselves were incapable of maintaining law and order to the level needed to bring about the much-desired economic revolution and that only European rule could do it. It

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