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56-532: Goodman was born in Nikopol, Ukraine , (another source says that he was born in Odessa, Ukraine). His father, Tobias Goodman, was a cantor in a synagogue in Odessa. Goodman sang in a choir when he was 5 years old and had become fluent in reading music by age 6. When he was about 7, the family left Russia to escape a pogrom . Disguised as farmers, they made their way to Romania. There they lost their money but escaped to

112-458: A city of oblast significance and served as the administrative center of Nikopol Raion, though it did not belong to the raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to seven, the city of Nikopol was merged into Nikopol Raion. Just a few kilometres west of the city, the Kosh otaman Ivan Sirko is buried. Nikopol

168-599: A death toll between 20,000 and 100,000. Despite reinforcements, Zaporizhzhia was taken on 3 October 1941. The German occupation lasted two years; during which the Germans shot over 35,000 people, and sent 58,000 people to Germany as forced labourers . The Germans reformed Army Group South in February 1943, and put its headquarters in Zaporizhzhia. Adolf Hitler visited the headquarters in February 1943, and again

224-615: A geological feature, which looks like a large bowl in granite slabs, the Cossack's Bowl. It is said that in summer days, water can be boiled in this "bowl", and the Cossacks used it for cooking galushki (boiled dough in a spicy broth). Zaporizhzhia is an important transportation hub in Ukraine that includes roads, as well as rail, river and air links for passenger and freight transport. Zaporizhzhia International Airport , located to

280-520: A music publishing company. He moved to Los Angeles, where he began conducting in addition to composing and arranging. There, he met Al Jolson , which led to his going to New York to become Jolson's conductor. Goodman was first introduced to musical comedy by the late Earl Carroll, who persuaded him to collaborate in producing his musical, So Long Letty . The success, followed by the hit "Sinbad," which he produced with Al Jolson, led to positions as orchestra conductor for many Broadway productions including

336-598: A river crossing over the Dnieper controlled by Cossacks , called Mykytyn Rih . According to a folk legend, a Cossack named Mykyta Tsyhan established it. Under the same name, the crossing is mentioned in the diary of the Holy Roman Empire envoy Erich Lassota von Steblau  [ de ] , who visited the Zaporizhian Sich in 1594. In 1638-1639, Cossacks led by F. Linchai built a fort which

392-502: A settlement discovered on banks of Mala Kamianka River  [ uk ] . In burial mounds from the copper-bronze epoch of the 3rd-1st millenniums BCE were found stone and bronze tools, clay sharp-bottomed ornamental dishes. Also found were burials from the Scythian-Sarmatian period, between the 2nd century BCE and the 2nd century CE. At the beginning of the 16th century, in the location of modern Nikopol, appeared

448-528: Is a city in southeast Ukraine , situated on the banks of the Dnieper River . It is the administrative centre of Zaporizhzhia Oblast . Zaporizhzhia has a population of 710,052 (2022 estimate). Zaporizhzhia is known for the historic island of Khortytsia , multiple power stations and for being an important industrial centre. Steel, aluminium, aircraft engines, automobiles, transformers for substations, and other heavy industrial goods are produced in

504-430: Is a popular recreational area, has sanatoriums , resorts, health centres, and sandy beaches. Zaporizhzhia is the main city of Zaporizhzhia Oblast with a form of self-rule within the oblast. The city is divided into 7 urban districts . The population of the districts of the city of Zaporizhzhia as of 1 November 2015: The city population has been declining since the first years of state independence. In 2014–2015

560-778: Is a reconstruction of the stronghold of the Zaporizhzhian Cossacks, and contains features of the military camp life and their lifestyle. Each of the smaller islands between the dam and the island Khortytsia has its own legend. On one of them, Durnya Scala ("Rock of the Fool"), Tzar Peter the Great flogged the Cossacks for their betrayal of the Russians during the Great Northern War between Russia and Sweden. Another small island, Stolb ("Pillar"), has

616-481: Is bus station, railway station and river port, which connect the town with other cities. Nikopol River Port facilitates transportation for the metallurgical industry and travel. Nikopol is twinned with: Zaporizhzhia Zaporizhzhia ( Ukrainian : Запоріжжя , IPA: [zɐpoˈriʒʲːɐ] ; Russian : Запорожье , romanized :  Zaporozhye , IPA: [zəpɐˈroʐje] ), formerly known as Oleksandrivsk until 1921,

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672-524: Is important for transshipment for goods from the Donbas. Zaporizhstal, Ukraine's fourth largest steel maker, and ranking 54th in the world, is based in the city. Zaporizhzhia is a large electricity generating hub. There are hydroelectric power plant known as "DniproHES" Dnieper Hydroelectric Station and the largest nuclear power plant in Europe. Prior to the 2022 invasion, the plants generated about 25% of

728-423: Is one of the largest towns in the region, with a population of 105,160 in 2022. The largest manufacturers include the former Nikopol Tube Plant, established in 1931, which is now divided into smaller plants (e.g. Centravis, Interpipe Niko Tube). The Nikopol Ferroalloy Plant is the largest in Europe and the second largest in the world in the production of Ferromanganese (FeMn) and Ferrosilicomanganese (FeSiMn). As of

784-661: Is situated on the highway from Dnipro to Kherson , is the point where the "salt-highway" of the Chumaks (Ukrainian salt-carriers) to the Crimea crossed the Dnipro. Nikopol is, further, one of the chief places on the lower Dnieper for the export of corn, linseed, hemp, and wool. According to archaeological excavations, the city's area was populated as early as the Neolithic epoch in the 4th millennium BCE as evidenced by remnants of

840-584: Is the central station, located in the southern part of the city and is a part of Simferopol-Kharkiv, the "north-south" transit route. The line of the Zaporizhzhia-the-Second station connects the Donbas coalfield with Kryvyi Rih. The city has an extensive tram network with 7 lines called the Zaporizhzhia Tram . The city's two river ports are part of the national water transportation infrastructure that connects Kyiv to Kherson along

896-601: Is the fourth-most populous city in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . Located on a cape by the Kakhovka reservoir , it is a powerful industrial city with several pipe-producing factories, such as the Interpipe corporation, and steel rolling mills, such as the factory of ferroalloys . Formerly, the settlement served as one of the capital cities of the Zaporizhian Sich and was known as one of the main crossings over

952-531: Is under the Moscow Patriarchate, is most popular. There are also St. Nicholas Church and St. Andrew's Cathedral in the city. Protestantism is represented by: Catholicism is represented by: The biggest Catholic church is Church of God, the Father of Mercy Orthodox Judaism is represented by one union and six communities. In the Zaporizhzhia district there are five communities which are part of

1008-673: Is used for official government business. The native language of people living in Zaporizhzhia, according to censuses in Ukraine (by percent): The following religious denominations are present in Zaporizhzhia: Most of the citizens are Orthodox Christians of Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) or Orthodox Church of Ukraine . Among the Orthodox churches the Church of the Intercession  [ uk ] , which

1064-475: The 2001 Ukrainian census , Nikopol had a population of 138,218 inhabitants, of whom the majority are ethnic Ukrainians . Russians account for a quarter of the city's population, smaller Minorities are Belarusians , Germans and Jews . In terms of spoken languages, almost 60% of the population considers Ukrainian to be their first language, while roughly 40% considered Russian as their native language. The exact ethnic and linguistic composition was: There

1120-729: The DEKA Stock Association transferred its aircraft engine manufacturing plant from Saint Petersburg to Zaporizhzhia. During the Russian Civil War (1918–1921), Zaporizhzhia was the scene of fierce fighting between the Red Army and the White armies of Denikin and Wrangel , Petliura 's Ukrainian People's Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic , and German-Austrian troops. The opposing armies used

1176-735: The Ford River Rouge steel mill to produce rolling steel strip. The annual capacity of the mill reached 540,000 tonnes (600,000 short tons) of 170 cm (66 inches) wide steel. After the outbreak of the War between the USSR and Nazi Germany in June 1941, the Soviet government began evacuating Zaporizhzhia's industries to Siberia . and the Soviet security forces began shooting political prisoners in

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1232-598: The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth started. Until 1775, the time of the Sich sacking , it was called "Mykytyn Rih", "Mykytyn Pereviz", or simply "Mykytyne". The name rih (Ukrainian for horn) was given because the locality rose at a place reminiscing a peninsula, as it was almost surrounded by the Dnieper river (see Kryvyi Rih ). Mykytyne was a town of the Kodak Palanka, an administrative division of

1288-601: The Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Ukraine and four independent Muslim communities. The city hosts a branch of the Vedic Academy . Zaporizhzhia is an important industrial centre of Ukraine, the country's main car manufacturing company, the Motor-Sich aircraft engine manufacturer. Well supplied with electricity, Zaporizhzhia forms, together with the adjoining Donets Basin ( Donbas ) and

1344-663: The Verkhovna Rada approved the " Decommunisation Law ". Since the introduction of the law, the city council renamed over 50 streets and administrative areas of the city, monuments of the Soviet Union leaders Lenin and Felix Dzerzhinsky have been destroyed, and names honouring Soviet leaders in the titles of industrial plants, factories, culture centres, and the DniproHES have been removed. Russian forces have been engaged in ongoing attacks on Zaporizhzhia since

1400-577: The Zaporizhian Sich . Later, it was renamed into Slovianske and then Nikopol. In the 18th century, Grigoriy Potyomkin ordered the building of an Imperial Russian fortress at Slaviansk. Eventually, the project was scrapped. Soon after the liquidation of the Zaporozhian Sich in 1782, the settlement was renamed Nikopol. During World War II , Nikopol was occupied by the German Army until 18 February 1944. Albert Speer referred to it as

1456-714: The Zaporizhzhia Arch Bridge area, construction began on the New Zaporizhzhia Dniper Bridge , although construction was halted soon after it began, due to a lack of funding. During the 2014 Euromaidan regional state administration occupations , during protests against President Viktor Yanukovych , Zaporizhzhia's regional state administration building was occupied by 4,500 protesters, and there were clashes between Ukrainian and pro-Russian activists in April 2014. On 19 May 2016,

1512-494: The Zaporozhian Cossacks , brilliantly described in N. V. Gogol 's novel Taras Bulba (1834) was situated a little higher up the river. Several graves in the vicinity recall the battles fought to possess this important strategic point. One of the graves, close to the town, contained, along with other Scythian antiquities, a well-known precious vase representing the capture of wild horses. Even now Nikopol, which

1568-537: The "center of manganese mining", and, therefore, of vital importance to the German war effort. The Soviet policy of industrialization created the Kakhovka Reservoir which existed from 1956 to 2023, submerging what could be now the most sacred place of an early distinctly Ukrainian statehood: the lands of the former Zaporizhian Host , with their burial sites. Until July 2020, Nikopol was incorporated as

1624-506: The 'Fountain of Life' at the Mayakovskoho square  [ uk ] . A daily exhibition of artists' organizations of the city is a unique place in Zaporizhzhia, where people can meet craftsmen and artists, watch carving , embroidery , beading classes, and receive advice from professional artists and designers. The historical and cultural museum "Zaporizka Sich" is placed on the northern rocky part of Khotritsa Island. The museum

1680-728: The Dnieper, located on the shore of the Great Meadow . The 1911 edition of Encyclopedia Britannica gave the following description of Nikopol: "It was formerly called Nikitin Rog, and occupies an elongated peninsula between two arms of the Dnieper at a point where its banks are low and marshy, and has been for centuries one of the places where the middle Dnieper can most conveniently be crossed." In 1900, its 21,282 inhabitants were Ukrainians , Jews and Mennonites , who carry on agriculture and shipbuilding. The old Sich , or fortified camp of

1736-479: The Dnieper. Renamed by the Russian Empire into Slaviansk and later Nikopol (after Ancient Greek : Νικόπολις , lit.   'City of Victory'), the city has a rich preceding history. Between 1638 and 1652, it was the settlement of Mykytyn Rih ( Ukrainian : Микитин Ріг , literally Mykyta's bend or Mykyta's horn ), the capital of the Zaporizhian Sich . It was one of the main crossings over

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1792-602: The Dnieper. Freight ships and cutter boats travel between Zaporizhzhia and nearby villages. The island of Khortytsia splits the Dnieper into two; the main channel passes the island on its eastern side, with the Staryi Dnipro (Old Dnieper) flowing past the island on the western side. Zaporizhzhia is a setting in two Axis victory in World War II short novels by the American author Harry Turtledove , Ready for

1848-710: The Jackpot , The Intimate Revue , The James Melton Show , Palmolive Beauty Box Theater (1935-1937), The Prudential Family Hour , Showboat , Texaco Star Theater , Your Hit Parade (1935-1938), and The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air (1932), On television, Goodman worked on Colgate Comedy Hour , The Donald O'Connor Show , Fireball Fun for All , and Sound Off Time . Goodman wrote some memorable songs such as "When Hearts Are Young", "Call of Love" and "Twilight". He also worked on several musicals such as The Band Wagon , Good News and Ziegfeld Follies . Goodman

1904-630: The Nikopol manganese and Kryvyi Rih iron mines, one of Ukraine's leading industrial complexes. The city is a home of Ukraine's main automobile production centre, which is based at the Zaporizhzhia Automobile Factory (ZAZ), producing Ukrainian car brands such as Zaporozhets and Tavria . After the end of the Russian Revolution , the city became an important industrial centre. The presence of cheap labor and

1960-616: The Russian Plain and the Crimean peninsula were absorbed into the Russian Empire. The Aleksandrovskaya Fortress then lost its military significance, and became a small rural town, which from 1806 to around 1930 was called Alexandrovsk. The opening of the Kichkas Bridge at the start of the 20th century, the first rail crossing of the Dnieper , was followed by the industrial growth of Zaporizhzhia. In 1916, during World War I,

2016-1126: The Theatre of Horse Riding " Zaporizhzhian Cossacks ", the Zaporizhzhia Regional Museum, the National Museum of the History of the Zaporizhzhian Cossacks, the Zaporizhzhia Regional Art Museum , the Motor Sich Aviation Museum, and the Zaporizhzhia Region Universal Scientific Library . There are a number of small amateur groups of folk music bands, art galleries in Zaporizhzhia. The city regularly holds festivals, Cossack martial arts competitions, and art exhibitions. Zaporizhzhia has an open-air exhibition-and-sale of Zaporizhzhia city association of artists «Kolorit» near

2072-787: The Ukrainian electricity supply. Located near Enerhodar and about 60 km (37 miles) from Zaporizhzhia is the Zaporizhzhia thermal power station and the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant , the largest nuclear power plant in Europe. Zaporizhzhia has an orchestra, museums, theatres, and libraries. These include the Magara Academic Drama Theatre, the Municipal Theatre Lab "VIE", the Theatre for Young-Age spectators,

2128-848: The United States and settled in Baltimore. Goodman graduated from Baltimore City College and the Peabody Conservatory in Baltimore . He earned money by playing piano for films at the Pickwick Theatre in Baltimore. Goodman worked as a musician in a nickelodeon and chorus boy in one of the Milton Aborn's operettas. Before he was 20, Goodman began working in Chicago as orchestrator for M. Witmark & Sons ,

2184-475: The beginning of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine . On 27 February, fighting was reported in the southern outskirts, and Russian forces began shelling the city later that evening. Russia invaded and occupied part of Zaporizhzhia Oblast but failed to take Zaporizhzhia itself. On 3 March, Russian forces approached the Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant , raising concerns about a potential nuclear meltdown. Russian military forces fired missiles on Zaporizhzhia on

2240-553: The city also enter the Dnieper: Sukha  [ uk ] and Mokra Moskovka  [ uk ] , Kushuhum  [ uk ] , and Verkhnia Khortytsia  [ uk ] . The flora of Khortytsia is unique and diverse, due to the dry steppe air and a large freshwater basin, which cleans the air polluted by industry. The island is a national park . The ground surface is cut by large ravines (" balka "), hiking routes and historical monuments. The island, which

2296-412: The city as a bridgehead over the Dnieper with elements of 40th Panzer and 17th Corps. The Soviet Southwestern Front , commanded by Army General Rodion Malinovsky , attacked Zaporizhzhia on 10 October 1943. The defenders repelled these attacks, but the Red Army launched a surprise night attack on 13 October, which succeeded in reclaiming most parts of the city. In 2004, to alleviate congestion around

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2352-478: The city in two; between them is Khortytsia Island . The city covers 334 km (129 sq mi) at an elevation of 50 m (160 ft) above sea level. The New and Old Dnieper flow past around Khortytsia: The New Dnieper  [ uk ] is about 800 m (2,600 feet) wide while the Old Dnieper  [ uk ] is about 200 m (660 feet) wide. The island size is 12 km × 2 km (7.5 mi × 1.2 mi). Smaller rivers in

2408-458: The city. On 18 August 1941, elements of the German 1st Panzergruppe reached the outskirts of Zaporizhzhia on the right bank and seized the island of Khortytsia. The Red Army blew a 120 by 10 metres (394 ft × 33 ft) hole in the Dnieper hydroelectric dam on 18 August 1941, producing a flood wave that swept from Zaporizhzhia to Nikopol . The flood killed local residents as well as soldiers from both armies, with historians estimating

2464-467: The east of the city on the left-bank of the Dnieper, serves domestic and international flights. Shyroke Airfield is to the west of the city on the right-bank of the Dnieper. Zaporizhzhia is bypassed beyond its eastern outskirts by a major national highway M18 , which connects Kharkiv with Simferopol . The H08 , which starts just outside Kyiv and travels southeast along the Dnieper through Kremenchuk , Kamianske , Dnipro , passes through Zaporizhzhia on

2520-408: The evening of 12/13 May. On 30 September, hours before Russia formally annexed Southern and Eastern Ukraine , the Russian Armed Forces launched S-300 missiles at a civilian convoy in Zaporizhzhia , killing at least 30 people. On 9 October, Russian forces launched rockets at residential buildings, killing at least 17 people. Zaporizhzhia is located in south-eastern Ukraine . The Dnieper splits

2576-419: The following month, where he was briefed by Field Marshal Eric von Manstein and his air force counterpart Field Marshal Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen , and in September 1943, the month the Army Group moved its headquarters to Kirovohrad . In August 1943, the Germans built the Panther-Wotan defence line along the Dnieper from Kyiv to Crimea . They retreated back to this line in September 1943, holding

2632-418: The highly successful Flyin’ High , The Student Prince , and Blossom Time . In all, during this period of his career, Goodman directed over 150 first-night performances and became one of the Great White Way's most popular conductors. He debuted as a musical director on Broadway with Canary Cottage (1917), and his final Broadway production was Hold on to Your Hats (1940). He was in such demand that it

2688-399: The original fortress that formed a part of the Dnieper Defence Line of the Russian Empire . Zaporizhzhia was founded in 1770, when the Aleksandrovskaya ( Александровская ) Fortress was built as a part of the Dnieper Defence Line, to protect the southern territories of the Russian Empire from Crimean Tatar invasions. Following the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca in 1775, the southern lands of

2744-410: The proximity of deposits of coal, iron ore, and manganese created favorable conditions for large-scale enterprises of the iron and mechanical engineering industries. Today Zaporizhzhia is an important industrial centre of the region with heavy industry (particularly metallurgy ), aluminium, and chemical industry. Cars, avia motors and radioelectronics are manufactured in the city. The port of Zaporizhzhia

2800-633: The rate of the population decrease was −0.56%/year. In January 2017, the population was 750,685. The total reduction of the population of the city since independence has been around 146,000 (not including 2017–2018). According to the 2001 census , 70.28% of the population of Zaporizhzhia (total population 815,300) were Ukrainians , 25.39% were Russians , 0.67% were Belarusians, 0.44% were Bulgarians, 0.42% were Jews, 0.38% were Georgians, 0.38% were Armenians, 0.27% were Tatar, 0.15% were Azeris, 0.11% were Roma (Gypsies), 0.1% were Poles, 0.09% were Germans, 0.09% were Moldovans, and 0.07% were Greeks. Ukrainian

2856-414: The region. The name Zaporizhzhia refers to the position of the city: "beyond the rapids"—downstream or south of the Dnieper Rapids . These were previously an impediment to navigation and the site of important portages . In 1932, the rapids were flooded to become part of the reservoir of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station . Before 1921, the city was called Aleksandrovsk (or Oleksandrivsk), named after

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2912-409: The strategically important Kichkas Bridge to transfer troops, ammunition, and medical supplies. The Soviet government industrialized Zaporizhzhia still further during the 1920s and 1930s, when the Dnieper Hydroelectric Station, and the Zaporizhzhia Steel Plant , and the Dnieper Aluminium Plant were built. In the 1930s, the American United Engineering and Foundry Company built a strip mill similar to

2968-483: The way to Mariupol . The H15 from Donetsk and the H23  [ de ] from Kropyvnytskyi via Kryvyi Rih, both end in Zaporizhzhia. There are four road bridges and two rail bridges over the Dnieper, nearly all of which bridges cross Khortytsia Island. President Volodymyr Zelenskyy opened the first stage of the New Zaporizhzhia Dniper Bridge early in 2022. The city has two rail stations, Zaporizhzhia-1 railway station and Zaporizhzhia-the-Second. The First

3024-444: Was married to Fannie Sneidman. He died in New York City. Nikopol, Ukraine Nikopol ( Ukrainian : Нікополь , pronounced [ˈn⁽ʲ⁾ikopolʲ] ) is a city and municipality ( hromada ) in Nikopol Raion in the south of Ukraine , on the right bank of the Dnieper River , about 63 km south-east of Kryvyi Rih and 48 km south-west of Zaporizhzhia . Population: 105.160 (2022 estimate). Nikopol

3080-415: Was named Mykytyn Sich ( Ukrainian : Микитинська Січ ). In 1652, due to conflict with the Hetman of Zaporizhian Host , Kosh Otaman Fedir Liutay moved the administrative seat to Chortomlyk . By 1648, in the proximity of today's Nikopol, Mykytyn Sich was built. It is renowned for the location of Bohdan Khmelnytsky being elected as the Hetman of Ukraine and as where the Khmelnytsky Uprising against

3136-521: Was not uncommon for him to conduct the orchestra of a show for the first few performances, and then hand the baton over to another while he prepared for a new production. In addition to his many assignments as one of RCA Victor 's most talented conductors and arrangers, Goodman was kept busy directing the music for radio network shows. Programs on which he worked included Al Goodman's Musical Album (1951-1953), The Bob Hope Show , The Family Hour , The Fred Allen Show (1945-1949), The Gulf Show , Hit

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