91-534: Allerheiligen (Dutch and German for All Saints ) may refer to: Kloster Allerheiligen ; see All Saints' Abbey (Baden-Württemberg) Allerheiligen im Mühlkreis , a municipality in Upper Austria, Austria Allerheiligen im Mürztal , a municipality in Styria, Austria Allerheiligen bei Wildon , a municipality in Styria, Austria Allerheiligenberg Monastery ,
182-522: A central location in some cemeteries; the one held in Mirogoj , Zagreb is broadcast every year on national television. In France, and throughout the Francophone world, the day is known as La Toussaint . Flowers (especially chrysanthemums ), or wreaths called couronnes de toussaints , are placed at each tomb or grave. The following day, 2 November ( All Souls' Day ) is called Le jour des morts ,
273-825: A commemoration of All Martyrs to a general commemoration of All Saints, whether martyrs or not. This Sunday marks the close of the Paschal season . To the normal Sunday services are added special scriptural readings and hymns to all the saints (known and unknown) from the Pentecostarion . In the late spring, the Sunday following Pentecost Saturday (50 days after Easter) is set aside as a commemoration of all locally venerated saints, such as "All Saints of America", "All Saints of Mount Athos ", etc. The third Sunday after Pentecost may be observed for even more localised saints, such as "All Saints of St. Petersburg ", or for saints of
364-439: A completorio " ("and, after going out from compline")… (RB, Chap. 42). Compline liturgies are a part of Catholic , Anglican , Lutheran , Oriental Orthodox , Eastern Orthodox , and certain other Christian liturgical traditions. In Western Christianity , Compline tends to be a contemplative office that emphasizes spiritual peace. In most monasteries it is the custom to begin the "Great Silence" after compline, during which
455-559: A feast commemorating all saints on 1 November. There was much Gaelic influence on Northumbria and its church during this period. Some manuscripts of the Irish Martyrology of Tallaght and Martyrology of Óengus , which date to this time, have a commemoration of all saints of the world on 1 November. In 800, Alcuin of Northumbria recommended the 1 November feast to his friend, Arno of Salzburg in Bavaria . Alcuin,
546-567: A former Monastery in Lahnstein, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Allerheiligen . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allerheiligen&oldid=1067113416 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
637-518: A layperson, quite similar to Lutheran use. Compline is called literally, the after-supper ( Greek ( τὸ ) Ἀπόδειπνον [apóðipnon] , Slavonic повечеріе , Povecheriye), has two distinct forms which are quite different in length Small Compline and Great Compline . Both forms include a canon , typically those found Octoechos to the Theotokos , although alternative canons are used on certain forefeasts, afterfeasts and days during
728-540: A member of Charlemagne 's court, may have been responsible for introducing this Irish-Northumbrian feast of All Saints in the Frankish Empire . Adoption of the 1 November feast might also have been driven by Irish missionaries , and there were Irish clerics and scholars at Charlemagne's court as well. Some scholars propose that churches in the British Isles began celebrating All Saints on 1 November in
819-687: A particular type, such as " New Martyrs of the Turkish Yoke ". In addition to the Mondays mentioned above, Saturdays throughout the year are days for general commemoration of all saints, and special hymns to all saints are chanted from the Octoechos . The celebration of 1 November in Lebanon as a holiday reflects the influence of Western Catholic orders present in Lebanon and is not Maronite in origin. The traditional Maronite feast equivalent to
910-471: A scholar who lived in the 12th and 13th centuries, proposed that Pope Gregory VII (1073–85) suppressed the 13 May date in favour of 1 November. By the 12th century, the 13 May feast of All Saints had been deleted from liturgical books. The All Saints octave was added by Pope Sixtus IV (1471–84). In the Catholic Church , All Saints Day is a holy day of obligation . It is celebrated through
1001-471: Is a national holiday which is followed by Halottak napja ( Day of the Dead ). On Day of the Dead people take candles and flowers (especially chrysanthemums ) on the tombs or graves of all their loved ones and relatives thus many people travel around the country to distant cemeteries. People who cannot travel may lay their flowers or candles at the main calvary cross of a nearby cemetery. Since only All Saints Day
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#17327877237331092-589: Is a national holiday, most people use this day to visit cemeteries and pay tribute to their deceased relatives. As in the case with every national holiday in Hungary if All Saints Day happens to be a Tuesday or a Thursday then that week's Monday or Friday is observed as a Saturday, making that weekend four days long, and one of the previous or following Saturdays is changed to a workday. Traffic in and around cemeteries are much higher than usual on these days with actual police presence. In Poland, Dzień Wszystkich Świętych
1183-431: Is a national holiday. People take flowers to the graves of dead relatives. The play Don Juan Tenorio is traditionally performed. In Guatemala, All Saints' Day is a national holiday. On that day Guatemalans make a special meal called fiambre which is made of cold meats and vegetables; it is customary to visit cemeteries and to leave some of the fiambre for their dead. It is also customary to fly kites to help unite
1274-668: Is a public holiday in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina only. Compline Compline ( / ˈ k ɒ m p l ɪ n / KOM -plin ), also known as Complin , Night Prayer , or the Prayers at the End of the Day , is the final prayer liturgy (or office ) of the day in the Christian tradition of canonical hours , which are prayed at fixed prayer times . The English word
1365-517: Is a public holiday. Belgians visit the cemeteries to place chrysanthemums on the graves of deceased relatives on All Saints Day, since All Souls' Day is not a holiday. All Saints' Day (Croatian: Svi sveti ) is observed in Croatia by placing candles and flowers on the graves of the deceased. It is a public holiday with most businesses closed. Cities provide free public transportation to the local cemeteries. Liturgies are also conducted by priests around
1456-523: Is a public holiday. Families try to gather together for both All Saints' Day and the All Souls' Day ( Zaduszki ) , the official day to commemorate the departed faithful. The celebrations begin with tending to family graves and the surrounding graveyards, lighting candles and leaving flowers. 1 November is a public holiday in Poland, while the following All Souls' Day is not. The Zaduszki custom of honouring
1547-607: Is derived from the Latin completorium , as compline is the completion of the waking day. The word was first used in this sense about the beginning of the 6th century in the Rule of Saint Benedict ( Regula Benedicti ; hereafter, RB), in Chapters 16, 17, 18, and 42, and he uses the verb compleo to signify compline: " Omnes ergo in unum positi compleant " ("All having assembled in one place, let them say compline"); " et exeuntes
1638-582: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages All Saints%27 Day All Saints' Day , also known as All Hallows' Day , the Feast of All Saints , the Feast of All Hallows , the Solemnity of All Saints , and Hallowmas , is a Christian solemnity celebrated in honour of all the saints of the Church, whether they are known or unknown. From
1729-781: Is followed by All Souls' Day on 2 November. It is a Solemnity in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, a Festival in the Lutheran Churches , and a Principal Feast of the Anglican Communion . From the 4th century, there existed in certain places and at sporadic intervals a feast day to commemorate all Christian martyrs. It was held on 13 May in Edessa , the Sunday after Pentecost in Antioch , and
1820-439: Is non-existent and is replaced by other pre-colonial traditions unique to each community. Undas is also seen as a family holiday, where members living elsewhere return to their hometowns to visit ancestral graves. Family members are expected to remain beside the grave for the entire day and socialize with each other to strengthen ties. In some cases, family members going to graves may exceed one hundred people. Fighting in any form
1911-447: Is not a pre-colonial observance but an import from Mexico, where it is known as the Day of the Dead. Pre-colonial Filipinos preferred going to the burial caves of the departed occasionally as they believed that aswáng (monster, half-vampire, half-werewolf beings) would take the corpse of the dead if it was not properly guarded. Watching over the body of the dead is called "paglalamay". However, in some communities, this paglalamay tradition
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#17327877237332002-413: Is observed as a public holiday, cemetery and grave rituals such as offerings of flowers, candles and prayers or blessings for the graves of loved ones often take place on All Saints Day (along with other days of Allsaintstide, especially on All Hallows Eve and All Souls Day). In Austria and Germany, godparents gift their godchildren Allerheiligenstriezel (All Saint's Braid) on All Saint's Day, while
2093-588: Is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our Father … Amen. Ending during Fasts: Acclamation: We fall down before you (Ankanimk` araji k`o)… ; Meditation Twelve of St. Gregory of Narek; Meditation 94 of St. Gregory of Narek; Meditation 41 of St. Gregory of Narek; Prayer: In faith I confess (Havatov khostovanim)… by St. Nerses the Graceful; Acclamation: Through your holy spotless and virgin mother (Vasn srbouhvoy)… ; Proclamation: Holy Birthgiver of God (Sourb zAstouatsatsinn), , ; Prayer: Accept, Lord (Unkal, Tēr)… ; Blessed
2184-651: Is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our father… Amen.” The Rest Hour (Armenian: Հանգստեան Ժամ hangstean zham ) is celebrated after the Peace Hour, and is the last of the offices of the day. It may be considered communal worship before sleep. It bears some resemblance in content to compline in the Roman Rite. In the Armenian Book of Hours it is stated in many manuscripts that the Rest Hour commemorates God
2275-407: Is taboo during Undas. Children are allowed to play with melted candles left at tombs, which they form into wax balls. The round balls symbolize the affirmation that everything goes back to where it began, as the living will return to dust from whence it came. In some cases, families also light candles by the front door, their number equivalent to the number of departed loved ones. It is believed that
2366-469: Is variously called Undás (from the Spanish Honras , meaning 'honours', as in "with honours"), Todos los Santos (Spanish, 'All Saints'), and sometimes Araw ng mga Patay / Yumao ( Tagalog , 'Day of the Dead, passed away'), which incorporates All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day . Filipinos traditionally observe this day by visiting their families' graves to clean and repair the tombs. Prayers for
2457-560: The Paschaltide . A further exception is on days when the liturgy to the saint(s) of the day is displaced by, e.g., by a newly canonized or locally venerated saint (or icon), the displaced canon is used and after that are inserted the stichera prescribed for vespers . The Office always ends with a mutual asking of forgiveness. In some traditions, most notably among the Russians , Evening Prayers (i.e., Prayers Before Sleep) are read at
2548-894: The Small Doxology , the Nicene Creed , the Canon followed by Axion Estin , the Trisagion , Troparia for the day, Kyrie eleison (40 times), the Prayer of the Hours, the Supplicatory Prayer of Paul the Monk, and the Prayer to Jesus Christ of Antiochus the Monk . Following these are the mutual forgiveness and final blessing by the priest and the priest's reciting of a litany . Before an all-night vigil , compline in
2639-808: The Syriac Orthodox Church and Indian Orthodox Church , as well as the Mar Thoma Syrian Church (an Oriental Protestant denomination), the office of Compline is also known as Soutoro and is prayed at 9 pm using the Shehimo breviary. In the Coptic Orthodox Church , an Oriental Orthodox denomination, the Compline is prayed at 9 pm using the Agpeya breviary before retiring. There are two offices in
2730-644: The United Methodist Church , All Saints' Day is celebrated on the first Sunday in November. It is held not only to remember Saints but also members of the local church congregation who have died. In some congregations, a candle is lit by the Acolyte as each person's name is called out by the clergy. Prayers and responsive readings may accompany the event. Being the vigil of All Saints' Day (All Hallows' Day), in many countries , such as Ireland,
2821-671: The Western Catholic Church as well as by many Protestant churches, such as the Lutheran , Anglican , and Methodist traditions. The Eastern Orthodox Church and associated Eastern Catholic and Eastern Lutheran churches celebrate it on the first Sunday after Pentecost . The Syro-Malabar Church and the Chaldean Catholic Church , both of which are in communion with Rome, as well as the Church of
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2912-639: The compline of 1 November. It is thus the day before All Souls' Day , which commemorates the faithful departed. In many traditions, All Saints' Day is part of the season of Allhallowtide , which includes the three days from 31 October to 2 November inclusive, as well as the International Day of Prayer for the Persecuted Church (held on the first Sunday of November), and in some Christian denominations, such as Anglicanism , extends to Remembrance Sunday . In places where All Saints' Day
3003-618: The hymn , the capitulum , the response, the Nunc dimittis , the prayer, and the benediction . By way of liturgical variety, the liturgy of initium noctis may also be studied in the Celtic Liturgy , such as it is read in the Antiphonary of Bangor , its plan being set forth by Warren and by Bishop (see Bibliography , below). Introit: Abendlied by Josef Rheinberger ; In the breviary of 1974 Roman Catholic Liturgy of
3094-646: The 2004 version of the Book of Common Prayer for the Church of Ireland , along with the 2009 Daily Prayer book of the Church in Wales , restored a form of compline to Anglican worship. Several contemporary liturgical texts, including the American 1979 Book of Common Prayer , the Anglican Church of Canada's Book of Alternative Services , and the Church of England's Common Worship , provide modern forms of
3185-485: The 4th century, feasts commemorating all Christian martyrs were held in various places, on various dates near Easter and Pentecost . In the 9th century, some churches in the British Isles began holding the commemoration of all saints on 1 November, and in the 9th century this a was extended to the whole Catholic Church by Pope Gregory IV . In Western Christianity , it is still celebrated on 1 November by
3276-586: The 8th century to coincide with or replace the Gaelic Celtic festival known in Ireland and Scotland as Samhain . James Frazer represents this school of thought by arguing that 1 November was chosen because Samhain was the date of the Celtic festival of the dead. Ronald Hutton argues instead that the earliest documentary sources indicate Samhain was a harvest festival with no particular ritual connections to
3367-530: The 9th century, in the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Leo VI "the Wise" (866–911). His wife, Empress Theophano lived a devout life and, after her death, miracles occurred. Her husband built a church for her relics and intended to name it to her. He was discouraged to do so by local bishops and instead dedicated it to "All Saints". According to tradition, it was Leo who expanded the feast from
3458-518: The All Saints public holiday was moved from a fixed date of 1 November to a public holiday on the Saturday during the period between 31 October and 6 November. In the Åland Islands the first Saturday of November is an All Saints public holiday. In Montenegro , All Saints' Day is considered a Catholic holiday and is a non-working day for that religious community. In Bosnia and Herzegovina it
3549-709: The Armenian Book of Hours, or Zhamagirk`, it is stated that the Peace Hour commemorates the Spirit of God, but also the Word of God, “when he was laid in the tomb and descended into Hades, and brought peace to the spirits.” Outline of the Peace Hour If the Song of Steps is recited: Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our Father … Amen. ; Psalm 34:1–7: I have blessed the Lord at all times ( awrhnets`its` zTēr ) …; Glory to
3640-440: The Day of the Dead. November 1 is a public holiday. In Germany, Allerheiligen is a public holiday in five federal states, namely Baden-Württemberg , Bayern , Rheinland-Pfalz , Nordrhein-Westfalen and Saarland . They categorize it as a silent day (stiller Tag) when public entertainment events are only permitted if the serious character of the day is preserved. In Hungary, Mindenszentek napja (literally All Saints Day)
3731-685: The East , celebrate All Saints' Day on the first Friday after Easter Sunday . In the Coptic Orthodox tradition, All Saints' Day is on Nayrouz , celebrated on 11 September. The day is the start of the Coptic new year, and of its first month, Thout . In the Western Christian practice, the liturgical celebration begins with its first vespers on the evening of 31 October, All Hallows' Eve (All Saints' Eve or "Halloween"), and ends at
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3822-612: The East Syrians kept the Chaldean Calendar with a "Commemoratio Confessorum" celebrated on the Friday after Easter. The 74th homily of St. John Chrysostom from the late 4th or early 5th century marks the observance of a feast of all the martyrs on the first Sunday after Pentecost. Some scholars place the location where this sermon was delivered as Constantinople . The Feast of All Saints achieved greater prominence in
3913-587: The Father (Always with Now and always … Amen .; And again in peace let us pray to the Lord… ; Blessing and glory to the Father … Amen. ; Song of Steps: Psalm 120:1–3: In my distress I cried ( I neghout`ean imoum ) …; Glory to the Father… If the Song of Steps is not said: Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our father … Amen ; Psalm 88:1–2 God of my salvation ( Astouats p`kkout`ean imoy ) …; Glory to
4004-520: The Father, “that he protect us through the protecting arm of the Onlybegotten in the darkness of night.” Outline of the Rest Hour: Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our Father … Amen. ; Psalm 43:3–5: Lord, send your light and your truth (Arak`ea Tēr)… ; Glory to the Father…; And again in peace let us pray to the Lord …; Blessing and glory to the Father … Amen.; Psalms 119:41–56, 119:113–120, 119:169–176, 91, 123, 54, Daniel 3:29–34, Luke 2:29–32, Psalms 142:7, 86:16–17, 138:7–8, Luke 1:46–55; Glory to
4095-424: The Father… ; And again in peace let us pray to the Lord … ; Blessing and glory to the Father … Amen. ; Peace with all. In either case the liturgy continues here: Psalms 4, 6, 13, 16, 43, 70, 86:16–17; Glory to the Father… ; Song: Vouchsafe unto us (Shnorhea mez)… ; Glory to the Father… ; Acclamation: At the approach of darkness (I merdzenal erekoyis)… ; Proclamation: And again in peace … Let us give thanks to
4186-419: The Father… ; Acclamation: My soul into your hands ( Andzn im I tzers k`o )… ; Proclamation: And again in peace … Let us beseech almighty God (Aghach`ests`ouk` zamenakaln)… ; Prayer: Lord our God (Tēr Astouats mer)… Ending: Psalm 4; Pre-gospel sequence; Gospel: John 12:24ff; Glory to you, our God ; Proclamation: By the holy Cross (Sourb khach`ivs…)… ; Prayer: Protect us ( Pahpannea zmez)… ; Blessed
4277-438: The First Week of Great Lent, the Great Canon of Saint Andrew of Crete is divided into four portions and read on Monday through Thursday nights. Due to the penitential nature of Great Compline, it is not uncommon for the priest to hear Confession during the liturgy. Great Compline is composed of three sections, each beginning with the call to prayer, "O come, let us worship…": First Part Second Part Third Part In
4368-415: The Friday after Easter by the Syrians. During the 5th century, St. Maximus of Turin preached annually on the Sunday after Pentecost in honor of all martyrs in what is today northern Italy. The Comes of Würzburg, the earliest existing ecclesiastical reading list, dating to the late 6th or early 7th century in what is today Germany, lists the Sunday after Pentecost as dominica in natale sanctorum ('Sunday of
4459-406: The Greek tradition precedes great vespers, being read during the great incensing, while in Russian tradition it simply follows little vespers. Great Compline is a penitential office which is served on the following occasions: Unlike Small Compline, Great Compline has portions of the liturgy which are chanted by the Choir and during Lent the Prayer of St. Ephraim is said with prostrations. During
4550-421: The Hours , compline is divided as follows: introduction, an optional examination of conscience or penitential rite, a hymn , psalmody with accompanying antiphons , scriptural reading , the responsory, the Canticle of Simeon , concluding prayer, and benediction . The final antiphon to the Blessed Virgin Mary ( Salve Regina , etc.) is an essential part of the Office. The office of Compline (along with
4641-446: The Lord ( Gohats`arouk` zTearnē )… ; Prayer: Beneficent Lord (Tēr Barerar)… ; Psalm 27 The Lord is my light (Tēr loys im)… ; Glory to the Father… ; Song: Look down with love (Nayats` sirov)… ; Acclamation: Lord, do not turn your face ( Tēr mi dartzouts`aner )… ; Proclamation: And again in peace … Let us beseech almighty God (Aghach`ests`ouk` zamenakal )…; Prayer: Bestowing with grace (Shnorhatou bareats`) … On non-fasting days
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#17327877237334732-444: The Lord's Prayer), the Nunc Dimittis , and benediction. In the Anglican tradition, Compline was originally merged with Vespers to form Evening Prayer in the Book of Common Prayer . The United States Episcopal Church 's Book of Offices of 1914, the Church of England's 1928 proposed prayer book , the Scottish Episcopal Church 's 1929 Scottish Prayer Book , the Anglican Church of Canada 's 1959/1962 prayer book, and also
4823-437: The Lutheran churches, the liturgical color for All Saints Day is white. The festival is commonly an occasion to remember those who have died in the Christian faith. In some places, the names of those within the congregation who have died in the last year are read during worship and each name is marked with the tolling of a bell or the lighting of a candle. While the dead are solemnly remembered during worship on All Saints' Sunday,
4914-454: The Nativity of the Saints'). By this time, the commemoration had expanded to include all saints, martyred or not. On 13 May 609 or 610, Pope Boniface IV consecrated the Pantheon at Rome to the Blessed Virgin Mary and all the martyrs, ordering an anniversary; the feast of dedicatio Sanctae Mariae ad Martyres has been celebrated at Rome ever since. It is suggested 13 May was chosen by the Pope and earlier by Christians in Edessa because it
5005-447: The Roman form of compline comes from the responsory, In manus tuas, Domine ("Into Thy hands, O Lord"), with the evangelical canticle Nunc Dimittis and its anthem , which is particularly characteristic. The hour of compline, such as it appeared in the Roman Breviary prior to the Second Vatican Council, may be divided into several parts, viz. the beginning or introduction, the psalmody , with its usual accompaniment of antiphons ,
5096-476: The Saints " by Walsham How . The most familiar tune for this hymn is Sine Nomine by Ralph Vaughan Williams . Other hymns that are popularly sung during corporate worship on this day are " I Sing a Song of the Saints of God " and " Ye Watchers and Ye Holy Ones ". The Eastern Orthodox Church , following the Byzantine tradition, commemorates all saints collectively on the Sunday after Pentecost , All Saints' Sunday (Greek: Ἁγίων Πάντων, Agiōn Pantōn ). By 411,
5187-411: The United Kingdom, the United States and Canada, Halloween (All Hallows' Eve or All Saints' Eve) is celebrated on 31 October. Mass for the Vigil of All Saints is held in Christian congregations of the Catholic, Lutheran and Anglican denominations. All Hallows' Eve has traditionally been a day of fasting in Western Christianity; Traditional Catholics, Lutherans and Anglicans continue this practice in
5278-438: The Vatican and Venezuela . In Belgium , all Sundays are public holidays; should All Saints' Day fall on a Sunday, then a replacement day on a weekday of choice is given. In Monaco , if it falls on a Sunday, the next day is a statutory holiday. In Sweden , an All Saints public holiday falls on the Saturday during the period between 31 October and 6 November, with a half-holiday the day before. Both in Finland and Estonia ,
5369-483: The blood of Jesus and they resurrected with the Christ. Normally in east Syriac liturgy the departed souls are remembered on Friday. Church celebrates All Souls' Day on Friday before the beginning of Great lent or Great Fast. In Austria and Bavaria, it is customary on All Saints' Day for godfathers to give their godchildren Allerheiligenstriezel , a braided yeast pastry. People decorate and visit graves of their family members. In Belgium, Toussaint or Allerheiligen
5460-437: The daily worship of the Armenian Apostolic Church which are recited between sundown and sleep: the Peace Hour and the Rest Hour . These are two distinct liturgies of communal worship. It is the usage in some localities to combine these two liturgies, with abbreviations, into a single liturgy. The Peace Hour (Armenian: Խաղաղական Ժամ khaghaghakan zham ) is the office associated with compline in other Christian liturgies. In
5551-417: The day commemorates all those who have attained the beatific vision in Heaven. The Lutheran branch of Christianity, on All Hallows' Day, remembers "those blessed fellow-believers who died in the Lord and are now at rest even as we wait with them for the Last Day and the resurrection of the body to eternal life with Christ." In Methodist theology, All Saints Day revolves around "giving God solemn thanks for
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#17327877237335642-403: The dead are recited, while offerings are made, the most common being flowers, candles, food, and for Chinese Filipinos , incense and kim . Many also spend the day and ensuing night holding reunions at the graves with feasting and merriment. Though Halloween is usually seen as an American influence, the country's trick-or-treat traditions during Undas are actually much older. This tradition
5733-526: The dead thus corresponds with All Souls' Day celebrations and is much more observed in Poland than in most other places in the West. In Portugal, Dia de Todos os Santos is a national holiday. Families remember their dead with religious observances and visits to the cemetery. Portuguese children celebrate the Pão-por-Deus tradition (also called santorinho , bolinho or fiéis de Deus ) going door-to-door, where they receive cakes, nuts, pomegranates, sweets and candies. In Spain, el Día de Todos los Santos
5824-404: The dead with the living. There are festivals in towns like Santiago Sacatepéquez and Sumpango , where giant colorful kites are flown. All Saints' Day in Mexico coincides with the first day of the Day of the Dead ( Día de Muertos ) celebration. It commemorates children who have died ( Dia de los Inocentes ), and the second day celebrates all deceased adults. Allhallowtide in the Philippines
5915-405: The dead. Hutton proposes that 1 November was a Germanic rather than a Celtic idea. In 835, Charlemagne's son and successor, Emperor Louis the Pious , made All Saints' Day on 1 November a holy day of obligation throughout the Frankish Empire. His decree was issued "at the instance of Pope Gregory IV and with the assent of all the bishops", confirming the 1 November date. Sicard of Cremona ,
6006-409: The end of compline. It is an ancient custom, practiced on the Holy Mountain and in other monasteries, for everyone present at the end of compline to venerate the relics and icons in the church, and receive the priest's blessing. Small compline is prescribed for most nights of the year. It is presided over by a single priest without a deacon. The liturgy is composed of three Psalms (50, 69, 142),
6097-455: The evening lamp, at bedtime, at midnight" and "the third, sixth and ninth hours of the day, being hours associated with Christ's Passion." The origin of compline has given rise to considerable discussion among liturgists. In the past, general opinion ascribed the origin of this liturgical hour to St. Benedict , at the beginning of the 6th century. But Jules Pargoire and A. Vandepitte trace its source to Saint Basil . Vandepitte states that it
6188-589: The festival is, ultimately, a celebration of Christ's victory over death . In the Church of England , mother church of the Anglican Communion , it is a Principal Feast and may be celebrated either on 1 November or on the Sunday between 30 October and 5 November. It is also celebrated by other Protestants , such as the United Church of Canada and various Methodist connexions. Protestants generally commemorate all Christians, living and deceased, on All Saints' Day; if they observe All Saints Day at all, they use it to remember all Christians both past and present. In
6279-409: The graves of their loved ones with garlands, flowers, candles as well as incense. During the 20th century the observance largely became a secular one, although some traditional Christian groups have continued to embrace the Christian origins of Halloween whereas others have rejected such celebrations. In English-speaking countries, services often include the singing of the traditional hymn " For All
6370-422: The honor of all saints in their liturgical calendar is one of three Sundays in preparation for Lent called the Sunday of the Righteous and the Just. The following Sunday is the Sunday of the Faithful Departed (similar to All Souls' Day in Western calendar). In East Syriac tradition the All Saints Day celebration falls on the first Friday after resurrection Sunday. This is because all departed faithful are saved by
6461-399: The hour of compline as found in the Roman Breviary at his time, antedated the Benedictine Office. These debates apart, Benedict's arrangement probably invested the hour of compline with the liturgical character and arrangement which were preserved in the Benedictine Order , and largely adopted by the Roman Church . The original form of the Benedictine Office, lacking even an antiphon for
6552-582: The hour of compline for the East , as St. Benedict did for the West , there existed as early as the days of St. Cyprian and Clement of Alexandria the custom of reciting a prayer before sleep, and that this might be taken as the original source of compline. It is generally thought that the Benedictine form of compline is the earliest western order, although some scholars, such as Plaine, have maintained that
6643-406: The house, or run off with the family's chickens). Pangángaluluwâ practices are still seen in some rural areas. During Undas, families visit the graves of loved ones. It is believed that by going to the cemetery and offering food, candles, flowers, and sometimes incense, the spirits are remembered and appeased. Contrary to common belief, this visitation practice is not an imported tradition. Prior to
6734-512: The just made perfect who are at rest throughout the world". Some sources say Gregory III dedicated the oratory on 1 November, and this is why the date became All Saints' Day. Other sources say Gregory III held a synod to condemn iconoclasm on 1 November 731, but he dedicated the All Saints oratory on Palm Sunday , 12 April 732. By 800, there is evidence that churches in Gaelic Ireland and Anglo-Saxon Northumbria were holding
6825-743: The lights aid the spirits and guide them to the afterlife. 1 November is a fixed date public holiday in Andorra , Austria , Belgium , Benin , Burkina Faso , Burundi , Cape Verde , Central African Republic , Chad , Chile , Colombia , Congo , Croatia , East Timor , France , French Guiana , French Polynesia , Gabon , Guadeloupe , Guatemala , Hungary , Italy , Ivory Coast , Lebanon , Liechtenstein , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Madagascar , Martinique , Mauritius , Peru , Philippines , Poland , Portugal , Saint Barthélemy , Saint Martin , Saint Pierre and Miquelon , San Marino , Senegal , Seychelles , Slovakia , Slovenia , Spain , Togo ,
6916-635: The liturgy ends here with: Blessed is our Lord Jesus Christ. Amen. Our father … Amen . On fasting days continue here: Psalm 119; Glory to the Father– ; Hymn: We entreat you (I k`ez hayts`emk`)… During the Great Fast: Evening Chant (varies); Acclamation: To the spirits at rest ( Hogvovn hangouts`elots` )… ; Proclamation: And again in peace … For the repose of the souls (Vasn hangouts`eal)…; Lord, have mercy (thrice); Prayer: Christ, Son of God ( K`ristos Ordi Astoutsoy )…; Blessed
7007-678: The lives and deaths of his saints ", including those who are "famous or obscure". As such, individuals throughout the Church Universal are honoured, such as Paul the Apostle , Augustine of Hippo and other saints, varying according to the hagiographic traditions of the Church in question. In some traditions, the day is also used to celebrate individuals who have personally led one to faith in Jesus, such as one's grandmother or friend. The holiday of All Saints' Day falls on 1 November and
7098-577: The offering of the Mass and families visit graveyards through the season of Allhallowtide, especially on All Hallow's Eve, All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day. In 1955, the All Saints vigil and the octave were suppressed by the Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII , though Traditional Catholic communities, such as the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen , continue to observe it. The festival
7189-819: The other daily offices) is included in the various Lutheran hymnals, books of worship and prayer books, such as the Lutheran Service Book and For All the Saints: A Prayer Book for and by the Church . In some Lutheran Churches, compline may be conducted by a layperson with a slight modification to the liturgy. In the Lutheran Service Book, used by the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod , Compline consists of opening versicles from Psalm 92, confession of sins, psalmody, an office hymn, readings from scripture, responsory , prayer (concluded with
7280-476: The practice of souling remains popular in Portugal. It is a national holiday in many Christian countries . The Christian celebration of All Saints' Day and All Souls' Day stems from a belief that there is a powerful spiritual bond between those in heaven (the " Church triumphant "), the living (the " Church militant "), and the " Church penitent " which includes the faithful departed. In Catholic theology,
7371-635: The present-day. Congregations of the Church of England , mother Church of the Anglican Communion, host light parties in their fellowship halls on All Hallows Eve. In the Lutheran, Anglican and Reformed traditions of Christianity, All Hallow's Eve is dually celebrated as Reformation Day . During Allhallowtide (especially on All Hallows Eve, All Saints Day and All Souls Day), it is common for Christians to visit graveyards in order to remember their loved ones; families often pray there and decorate
7462-589: The private custom of saying a prayer before retiring to rest. If this was not the canonical hour of compline, it was certainly a preliminary step towards it. The same writers reject the opinion of Paulin Ladeuze and Jean-Martial Besse [ fr ] who believe that compline had a place in the Rule of St. Pachomius , which would mean that it originated still earlier in the 4th century. The Catholic Encyclopedia argues that, if St. Basil instituted and organized
7553-658: The psalms, is much simpler than its Roman counterpart, resembling more closely the Minor Hours of the day. Saint Benedict first gave the Office the basic structure by which it has come to be celebrated in the West: three psalms ( 4 , 90 , and 133 ) (Vulgate numbering) said without antiphons , the hymn , the lesson, the versicle Kyrie eleison , the benediction , and the dismissal (RB, Chaps. 17 and 18). The Roman Office of compline came to be richer and more complex than
7644-518: The service. A traditional form is provided in the 1991 Anglican Service Book . The Common Worship service consists of the opening sentences, the confession of sins, the psalms and other Bible lessons, the canticle of Simeon, and prayers, including a benediction. There are authorized alternatives for the days of the week and the seasons of the Christian year. As a public service of worship, like Morning Prayer and Evening Prayer, compline may be led by
7735-530: The simple Benedictine psalmody . A fourth psalm was added, In te Domine speravi ( Psalm 30 in Vulgate ). And perhaps at a fairly late date was added the solemn introduction of a benediction with a reading (based perhaps on the spiritual reading which, in the Rule of St. Benedict, precedes compline: RB, Chap. 42), and the confession and absolution of faults. This is absent from parallel forms, such as that of Sarum. The distinctive character and greater solemnity of
7826-547: The use of coffins, pre-colonial Filipinos were already visiting burial caves throughout the archipelago as confirmed by research conducted by the University of the Philippines . The tradition of atang or hain is also practiced, where food and other offerings are placed at the gravesite. If the family cannot visit, a specific area in the house is set aside for ritual offerings. The present date of Undas, 1 November,
7917-575: The whole community, including guests, observes silence throughout the night until after the Terce the next day. Compline comprises the final office in the Liturgy of the Hours . From the time of the early Church , the practice of seven fixed prayer times has been taught; in Apostolic Tradition , Hippolytus instructed Christians to pray seven times a day "on rising, at the lighting of
8008-425: Was derived from the pre-colonial tradition of pangangaluluwa . From káluluwâ ('spirit double'), it was a practice of early Filipinos, swathed in blankets, going from house to house, and singing as they pretended to be the spirits of ancestors. If the owner of the house failed to give biko or rice cakes to the nangángalúluwâ , the "spirits" would play tricks (such as stealing slippers or other objects left outside
8099-713: Was not in Cæsarea in 375, but in his retreat in Pontus (358–362), that Basil established compline, which hour did not exist prior to his time, that is, until shortly after the middle of the 4th century. François Plaine [ fr ] also traced the source of compline back to the 4th century, finding mention of it in a passage in Eusebius and in another in St. Ambrose , and also in John Cassian . These texts bear witness to
8190-595: Was retained after the Reformation in the liturgical calendars of the Lutheran Churches and the Anglican Church . In the Lutheran churches, such as the Church of Sweden , it assumes a role of general commemoration of the dead. In the Swedish calendar , the observance takes place on the Saturday between 31 October and 6 November. In some Lutheran Churches, it is moved to the first Sunday of November. In
8281-551: Was the date of the Roman pagan festival of Lemuria , in which malevolent and restless spirits of the dead were propitiated. Some liturgiologists suggest that Lemuria was the origin of All Saints, based on their identical dates and their similar theme of "all the dead". Pope Gregory III (731–741) dedicated an oratory in Old St. Peter's Basilica to the relics "of the holy apostles and of all saints, martyrs and confessors, of all
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