Misplaced Pages

#75924

27-446: The facilities are built across two plateaus divided by a ravine. It is designed to resemble a historic Mediterranean town with Greco-Roman architecture featuring locally quarried stone. The town square had been built to replicate a local plateia and has a market, restaurants, souvenir shops, a chapel, gardens, fountains, and an art gallery. The resort also has a spa, golf course, and leisure facilities. In 2020, Aphrodite Hills hosted

54-521: A commentary on the ius civile , in over 50 books; Ad edictum , a commentary on the Edict , in 83 books; collections of opinions, responses and disputations; books of rules and institutions; treatises on the functions of the different magistrates — one of them, the De officio proconsulis libri x. , being a comprehensive exposition of the criminal law; monographs on various statutes, on testamentary trusts, and

81-632: A long time that Ulpian of Tyre was a model for Athenaeus ' Ulpian in The Deipnosophists — or The Banquet of the Learned . Athenaeus makes 'Ulpian' out to be a grammarian and philologist, characterised by his customary interjections: "Where does this word occur in writing?". He is represented as a symposiarch and he occupies a couch alone; his death is passed over in silence in Book XV 686c. Scholars today agree that Athenaeus 's Ulpian

108-687: A mantle of mutual knowledge. For example, several hundred papyrus volumes found in a Roman villa at Herculaneum are in Greek. The lives of Cicero and Julius Caesar are examples of Romans who frequented schools in Greece. The installation, both in Greek and Latin , of Augustus 's monumental eulogy, the Res Gestae , exemplifies the official recognition of the dual vehicles for the common culture. The familiarity of figures from Roman legend and history in

135-578: A variety of other works. His writings altogether have supplied to Justinian 's Digest about a third of its contents, and his commentary on the Edict alone about a fifth. As an author, he is characterized by doctrinal exposition of a high order, judiciousness of criticism, and lucidity of arrangement, style, and language. He is also credited with the first life table ever. Domitii Ulpiani fragmenta , consisting of 29 titles, were first edited by Tilius (Paris, 1549). Other editions are by Hugo (Berlin, 1834), Booking (Bonn, 1836), containing fragments of

162-635: Is the result of the syncretism between Roman and Greek myths, spanning the period of Great Greece at the end of Roman paganism . Along with philosophy and political theory , mythology is one of the greatest contributions of Classical antiquity to Western society . From a historical point of view, early Christianity was born in the Greco-Roman world, which had a massive influence on Christian culture . Ulpian Ulpian ( / ˈ ʌ l p i ə n / ; Latin : Gnaeus Domitius Annius Ulpianus ; c.  170  – 223 or 228)

189-653: The Constitutio Antoniniana , and although one of the edict's main purposes was to increase tax revenue, all of the empire's free men became citizens with all the rights this entailed. As a result, even after the Fall of the Western Roman Empire , the people who remained within the lands (including Byzantium) that the empire comprised continued to call themselves Rhomaioi . ( Hellenes had been referring to pagan, or non-Christian, Greeks until

216-519: The Parallel Lives by Plutarch is one example of the extent to which " universal history " was then synonymous with the accomplishments of famous Latins and Hellenes . Most educated Romans were likely bilingual in Greek and Latin. Graeco-Roman architecture in the Roman world followed the principles and style that had been established by ancient Greece. That era's most representative building

243-1210: The Cyprus Open and the Cyprus Showdown , two back-to-back one-off European Tour golf tournaments added to fill the 2020 season schedule as many regular tournaments were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The Retreat Spa was built in a classic Greco-Roman style. The resort has an 18-hole, championship standard, golf course (230–hectare) and was licensed to become the PGA National Cyprus . There are multi purpose courts and facilities are available for activities including tennis, basketball, and various other sports. Aphrodite Hills hosts West End shows, festivities, cultural events, and other plays. Aphrodite Hills has received two international listings in 2010. The InterContinental Aphrodite Hills Resort Hotel and The Retreat spa were both listed in Condé Nast Traveller ' s Gold Lists for 2010. The InterContinental Aphrodite Hills Resort Hotel

270-580: The European portion of Turkey ), Moesia (roughly corresponding to modern-day Central Serbia , Kosovo , Northern Macedonia , Northern Bulgaria and Romanian Dobrudja ), and Pannonia (corresponding to modern-day Western Hungary , the Austrian Länder of Burgenland , Eastern Slovenia and Northern Serbia ). Also included were Dacia (roughly corresponding to modern-day Romania and Moldavia ), Nubia (a region roughly corresponding to

297-812: The Fourth Crusade .) Through attrition of Byzantine territory in the preceding 400 or so years from perceived friends and foes alike (Crusaders, Ottoman Turks, and others), Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire) fell to the Turks led by Mehmed II in 1453. There is a perception that these events led to the predecessor of Greek nationalism through the Ottoman era and even into modern times. Greco-Roman mythology , sometimes called classical mythology ,

SECTION 10

#1732771872076

324-617: The Severan dynasty , the position of Praetorian prefect in Italy came increasingly to resemble a general administrative post, and there was a tendency to appoint jurists such as Papinian, who occupied the post from 203 until his elimination and execution at the ascent of Caracalla. Under Severus Alexander the Praetorian prefecture was held by Ulpian until his assassination by the Guard in

351-515: The Great , and of Marcus Licinius Crassus (conqueror of the slave general Spartacus ), who was defeated in the field by a Persian force and was beheaded by them. In the schools of art , philosophy , and rhetoric , the foundations of education were transmitted throughout the lands of Greek and Roman rule. Within its educated class, spanning all of the "Greco-Roman" eras, the testimony of literary borrowings and influences are overwhelming proofs of

378-692: The Greeks and the Romans, in which those peoples' cultural perceptions, ideas, and sensitivities became dominant in classical antiquity . That process was aided by the universal adoption of Greek as the language of intellectual culture and commerce in the Eastern Mediterranean and of Latin as the language of public administration and of forensic advocacy , especially in the Western Mediterranean. Greek and Latin were never

405-653: The Persians, with which there was constant interaction: Xenophon 's Anabasis (the ' March Upcountry ' ), the Greco-Persian wars , the famous battles of Marathon and Salamis , the Greek tragedy The Persians by Aeschylus , Alexander the Great 's defeat of the Persian emperor Darius III and conquest of the Persian empire , or the later Roman generals' difficulties with the Persian armies, such as Pompey

432-417: The Roman jurist and imperial chancellor Ulpian of Phoenician origin; the mathematician and geographer Claudius Ptolemy of Greco-Egyptian ethnicity; and the theologian Augustine of Berber origin. Note too the historian Josephus Flavius , who was of Jewish origin but spoke and wrote in Greek. Based on the above definition, the "cores" of the Greco-Roman world can be confidently stated to have been

459-753: The coasts of the Mediterranean Sea , specifically the Italian Peninsula , Greece , Cyprus , the Iberian Peninsula , the Anatolian Peninsula (modern-day Turkey ), Gaul (modern-day France ), the Syrian region (modern-day Levantine countries , Central and Northern Syria , Lebanon and Palestine ), Egypt and Roman Africa (corresponding to modern-day Tunisia , Eastern Algeria and Western Libya ). Occupying

486-509: The far south of Egypt and modern-day Northern Sudan ), Mauretania (corresponding to modern-day Morocco , Western Algeria and Northern Mauritania ), Arabia Petraea (corresponding to modern-day Hejaz region of Saudi Arabia , Jordan , Southern Syria and Egypt's Sinai Peninsula ), and the Tauric Chersonesus (modern-day Crimea and the coast of Ukraine ). The Greco-Roman world had another "world" or empire to its east,

513-544: The first book of the Institutiones discovered by Endlicher at Vienna in 1835, and in Girard's Textes de droit romain (Paris, 1890). In the study of law, Ulpian may be best remembered for the phrase " Juris praecepta sunt haec: honeste vivere, alterum non laedere, suum cuique tribuere (The basic principles of law are: to live honorably, not to harm any other person, to render each his own)". It had been assumed for

540-533: The geographical regions and countries that culturally—and so historically—were directly and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the Greeks and Romans . A better-known term is classical antiquity . In exact terms the area refers to the "Mediterranean world" , the extensive tracts of land centered on the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, the "swimming pool and spa" of

567-725: The native languages of many or most of the rural peasants, who formed the great majority of the Roman Empire 's population. However, they became the languages of the urban and cosmopolitan elites and the Empire's lingua franca for those who lived within the large territories and populations outside the Macedonian settlements and the Roman colonies . All Roman citizens of note and accomplishment, regardless of their ethnic extractions, spoke and wrote in Greek or Latin. Examples include

SECTION 20

#1732771872076

594-530: The periphery of that world were the so-called "Roman Germany" (the modern-day Alpine countries of Austria and Switzerland and the Agri Decumates , southwestern Germany ), the Illyricum (modern-day Northern Albania , Montenegro , Bosnia and Herzegovina and the coast of Croatia ), the Macedonian region , Thrace (corresponding to modern-day Southeastern Bulgaria , Northeastern Greece and

621-593: The presence of the Emperor himself. His curtailment of the privileges granted to the Praetorian Guard by Elagabalus provoked their enmity, and he narrowly escaped their vengeance; ultimately, he was murdered in the palace by the Guard, possibly in the course of a riot between the soldiers and the mob. He had a luxurious villa at Santa Marinella on the coast north of Rome. His works include Ad Sabinum ,

648-706: Was a Roman jurist born in Tyre in Roman Syria (modern Lebanon). He moved to Rome and rose to become considered one of the great legal authorities of his time. He was one of the five jurists upon whom decisions were to be based according to the Law of Citations of Valentinian III , and supplied the Justinian Digest about a third of its contents. The exact time and place of his birth are unknown. The period of his literary activity in which we are interested

675-461: Was between AD 211 and 222. He made his first appearance in public life as assessor in the auditorium of Papinian and member of the council of Septimius Severus ; under Caracalla he was master of the requests ( magister libellorum ). Elagabalus (also known as Heliogabalus) banished him from Rome , but on the accession of Severus Alexander (222) he was reinstated, and finally became the emperor's chief adviser and Praefectus Praetorio . During

702-1139: Was named 'Best European Hotel for Leisure Activities' in Condé Nast Traveller' s 2010 Gold List. Additionally, The Retreat Spa was named third best Hotel Spa in Europe, Asia Minor and the Russian Federation, at the Condé Nast Traveller Readers' Spa Awards and was also listed in the publication's 2010 Gold List for the Best Spas. 34°40′56″N 32°36′32″E  /  34.68232031°N 32.60889141°E  / 34.68232031; 32.60889141 Greco-Roman world The Greco-Roman civilization ( / ˌ ɡ r iː k oʊ ˈ r oʊ m ən , ˌ ɡ r ɛ k oʊ -/ ; also Greco-Roman culture or Greco-Latin culture ; spelled Graeco-Roman in British English ), as understood by modern scholars and writers, includes

729-780: Was the temple. Other prominent structures that represented that style included government buildings like the Roman Senate . The three primary styles of column design used in temples in classical Greece were Doric , Ionic , and Corinthian . Some examples of Doric architecture are the Parthenon and the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, and the Erechtheum , next to the Parthenon, is Ionic. By AD 211, with Caracalla 's edict known as

#75924