77-1661: Ashley-Cooper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Earls of Shaftesbury : Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury (1621–1683), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury (1652–1699), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury (1671–1713), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 4th Earl of Shaftesbury (1711–1771), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 5th Earl of Shaftesbury (1761–1811), English nobleman Cropley Ashley-Cooper, 6th Earl of Shaftesbury (1768–1851), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury (1801–1885), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 8th Earl of Shaftesbury (1831–1886), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 9th Earl of Shaftesbury (1869–1961), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 10th Earl of Shaftesbury (1938–2004), English nobleman Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 11th Earl of Shaftesbury (1977–2005), English nobleman Nicholas Ashley-Cooper, 12th Earl of Shaftesbury (born 1979), English nobleman Adam Ashley-Cooper (born 1984), Australian rugby player Anthony Henry Ashley-Cooper , known as Henry Ashley, (1807–1858), English cricketer Edward Ashley-Cooper (1906–2000), Australian actor F. S. Ashley-Cooper (1877–1932), English cricket historian and statistician William Ashley-Cooper (1803–1877), English Member of Parliament See also [ edit ] Ashley Cooper (disambiguation) Anthony Ashley-Cooper (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
154-453: A Member of Parliament, but is chiefly remembered as a writer and philosopher. On his death, the titles passed to his son, Anthony Ashley-Cooper , who became the 4th Earl. The 4th Earl notably served as Lord Lieutenant of Dorset and Councillor of the Colony of Georgia . He died in 1771, at which time, his son inherited the title of 5th Earl. Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 5th Earl of Shaftesbury ,
231-589: A circumstance which led Cooper to hate the Court of Wards as a corrupt institution. Cooper was sent to live with his father's trustee Sir Daniel Norton in Southwick, Hampshire (near Portsmouth ). Norton had joined in Sir John Cooper's denunciation of Arminianism in the 1628–29 parliament, and Norton chose a man with Puritan leanings named Fletcher as Cooper's tutor. Sir Daniel died in 1636, and Cooper
308-577: A civil member. It was during this period that Cooper first expressed an interest in overseas plantations , investing in a plantation in the English colony of Barbados in 1646. Little is known of Cooper's activities in the late 1640s. It is often assumed that he supported the Presbyterians against the Independents , and, as such, opposed the regicide of Charles I . Nevertheless, he
385-518: A minor riot and left without taking a degree. In February 1638, Cooper was admitted to Lincoln's Inn , where he was exposed to the Puritan preaching of chaplains Edward Reynolds and Joseph Caryl . On 25 February 1639, aged 19, Cooper married Margaret Coventry, daughter of Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry , who was then serving as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal for Charles I . As Cooper
462-663: A new constitution 4 days later, Cooper was again named to the Council of State. During the elections for the First Protectorate Parliament in summer 1654, Cooper headed a slate of ten candidates who stood in Wiltshire against 10 republican MPs headed by Edmund Ludlow . On the day of the election, so many voters turned up that the poll had to be switched from Wilton to Stonehenge . Cooper's slate of candidates prevailed, although Ludlow alleged his party
539-471: A number of times between 1745 and 1757 with references to 'carved chairs,' 'the Blew Bed,' and 'Mahogany Cisterns.' The payments to other cabinet-makers mentioned in accounts are small in nature and probably indicate their local origins. The Shaftesburys are known to have had connections with London cabinet makers. The 4th Earl's wife, Lady Susannah Noel, daughter of Baptist Noel, 3rd Earl of Gainsborough ,
616-661: A plan for the colony known as the Grand Model , which included the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina and a framework for settlement and development. By early 1664, Ashley was a member of the circle of John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale , who ranged themselves in opposition to Lord Clarendon. During the debate on the Conventicle Bill in May 1664, Ashley proposed mitigating the harshness of
693-476: A resolution in parliament making it illegal to collect or pay revenue not authorised by parliament. Cromwell dissolved this parliament on 22 January 1655. The exiled Charles II , hearing of Cooper's break with Cromwell, wrote to Cooper saying that he would pardon Cooper for fighting against the Crown if he would now help to bring about a restoration of the monarchy. Cooper did not respond, nor did he participate in
770-532: A result of his recent marriage to the daughter of the king's Lord Keeper, would be too sympathetic to the king. When the Civil War began in 1642, Cooper initially supported the King (somewhat echoing Holles' concerns). After a period of vacillating, he in summer 1643 at his own expense raised a regiment of foot and a troop of horse for the King, serving as their colonel and captain respectively. Following
847-635: A seaside house at Branksome Dene in Bournemouth . They married on 18 July 1922 at St Margaret's, Westminster. The monarch's immediate family attended; the then-Prince of Wales (the future King Edward VIII ) was the best man. The relationship between the families continues, as descendants have often been royal godchildren. It was at Broadlands that Queen Elizabeth II and her husband, Prince Philip , spent their honeymoon night in 1947. In turn, Prince Charles and his first wife, Lady Diana Spencer , spent their honeymoon night there in 1981. The family seat
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#1732802491190924-699: A spokesman for the government in the Convention Parliament. However, during the debates on the Indemnity and Oblivion Bill , Cooper urged leniency for those who had sided with Parliament during the English Civil Wars or collaborated with the Cromwellian regime. He argued that only those individuals who had personal involvement in the decision to execute Charles I by participating in his trial and execution should be exempt from
1001-563: A year later, on 15 April 1650, Cooper remarried, to seventeen-year-old Lady Frances Cecil (1633–1652), daughter of David Cecil, 3rd Earl of Exeter . The couple had two children, one of whom, Anthony , lived to adulthood. Frances died on 31 December 1652, aged only 19. On 17 January 1652, the Rump Parliament appointed Cooper to the committee on law reform chaired by Sir Matthew Hale (the so-called Hale Commission, none of whose moderate proposals were ever enacted). In March 1653,
1078-561: Is St Giles House (sometimes referred to as Ashley House) near Wimborne St Giles in Dorset . The estate at Wimborne St Giles came into the ownership of the Ashley family around the year 1460, through the marriage of Egidia Hamelyn and Robert Ashley, the 5th great grandfather of the 1st Earl of Shaftesbury. Early owners of the estate included the Malmayne family. Matilda Malmayne, heiress of
1155-549: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Earl of Shaftesbury Earl of Shaftesbury is a title in the Peerage of England . It was created in 1672 for Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Baron Ashley , a prominent politician in the Cabal then dominating the policies of King Charles II . He had already succeeded his father as second Baronet of Rockbourne in 1631 and been created Baron Ashley , of Wimborne St Giles in
1232-673: The Clarendon Code , Ashley supported a policy of moderation towards Protestant dissenters. In July 1662, Ashley sponsored an amendment to the Act of Uniformity that would have allowed Protestant Nonconformists to allow for late subscription, giving moderate dissenters an additional opportunity to conform. In the latter half of 1662, Ashley joined Sir Henry Bennet , the Earl of Bristol , and Lord Robartes in urging Charles to dispense peaceable Protestant Nonconformists and loyal Catholics from
1309-591: The Duke of Buckingham , the Earl of Bristol , and Sir Henry Bennett, who by this point had been created Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington ). Ashley, however, refused to join in the fight against Clarendon, opposing a motion to have Clarendon committed to the Tower of London on a charge of treason . In 1667, Ashley was a signatory to The Several Declarations of The Company of Royal Adventurers of England Trading into Africa ,
1386-497: The Dutch colony of New Netherland . During the parliamentary session of October 1665, Sir George Downing proposed that the use of funds voted to the crown should be restricted to the sole purpose of carrying on the war. Ashley opposed this proposal on the grounds that crown ministers should have flexibility in deciding how to use money received from parliamentary taxation. During the 1666–1667 parliamentary session Ashley supported
1463-596: The Penruddock uprising in March 1655. On 30 August 1655, Cooper married his third wife, Margaret Spencer (1627–1693), daughter of William Spencer, 2nd Baron Spencer of Wormleighton , and sister of Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland . Cooper was again elected as a member for Wiltshire in the Second Protectorate Parliament , although when the parliament met on 17 September 1656, Cooper
1540-651: The Portuguese , and Portugal's ally France , in Portugal's struggle against Spain . Ashley was opposed to a policy that moved England into the French orbit. During this debate, Ashley opposed the policy engineered by Charles' Lord Chancellor , the Earl of Clarendon , thus beginning what would prove to be a long-running political rivalry with Clarendon. When the Cavalier Parliament set about enacting
1617-594: The Royalist victory at the Battle of Roundway Down on 13 July 1643, Cooper was one of three commissioners appointed to negotiate the surrender of Dorchester , at which he negotiated a deal whereby the town agreed to surrender in exchange for being spared plunder and punishment. However, troops under Prince Maurice soon arrived and plundered Dorchester and Weymouth anyway, leading to heated words between Cooper and Prince Maurice. William Seymour, Marquess of Hertford ,
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#17328024911901694-620: The royal prerogative to dispense with laws. Clarendon remarked that in his opinion, the declaration was " Ship-Money in religion". The king looked favourably on Ashley's remarks and was displeased by Clarendon's. In May 1663, Ashley was one of eight Lords Proprietors (Lord Clarendon was one of the others) given title to a huge tract of land in North America, which eventually became the Province of Carolina , named in honour of King Charles. Ashley and his assistant John Locke drafted
1771-479: The surname Ashley-Cooper . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashley-Cooper&oldid=1189188229 " Categories : Surnames English-language surnames Compound surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
1848-617: The 1655-to-1657 Rule of the Major-Generals . He backed the Stuart Restoration in May 1660, and was raised to the peerage of England as Lord Ashley by Charles II. After the political fall in 1672 of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon , Lord Ashley was created Earl of Shaftesbury and became one of five members of the so-called Cabal Ministry . In 1673, it became widely known that Charles' heir James had secretly converted to Catholicism. Like many English Protestants of
1925-727: The 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, who was the Chief Lord Proprietor of the Carolina Colony . Charleston was founded on the western bank of the Ashley in 1670 (at Charles Towne Landing ), before moving across to its current peninsular location ten years later. The heir apparent and the only person in line of succession to the titles is the present holder's only son, Anthony Francis Wolfgang Ashley-Cooper, Lord Ashley (born 2011). Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury PC , FRS (22 July 1621 – 21 January 1683),
2002-558: The 7th Earl; his son, noted politician Wilfrid Ashley, 1st Baron Mount Temple , was a member of the Conservative Party , and his daughter Edwina married Louis Mountbatten and was to be last Vicereine of India. Upon that marriage the Earls of Shaftesbury began close social links to the royal family . Lady Mountbatten was a leading member of London society. Edwina's mother was Amalia Mary Maud Cassel (1879–1911), daughter of
2079-735: The Act of Uniformity. This led to Charles issuing his first Declaration of Indulgence on 26 December 1662. The Cavalier Parliament forced Charles to withdraw this declaration in February 1663. Ashley then supported Lord Robartes' Dispensing Bill, which would have dispensed Protestant Nonconformists, but not Catholics, from the Act of Uniformity. During the debate on the Dispensing Bill in the House of Lords, Ashley criticised Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon , Charles' Lord Chancellor , for opposing
2156-478: The Ashleys and Ashley-Coopers ever since. Construction on St Giles House began in 1651, by Sir Anthony Ashley-Cooper, later to become 1st Earl of Shaftesbury. The manor house is built on top of the ruins of the previous estate home. This large house and surrounding grounds include 400 acres (1.6 km ), along with a seven-acre lake and a 1,000 yards (900 m) avenue of trees. The family also owns Lough Neagh ,
2233-683: The Business of the Law, which was intended to continue the reform work of the Hale Commission. Cooper aligned himself with the moderates in Barebone's Parliament, voting against the abolition of tithes . He was one of the members who voted to dissolve Barebone's Parliament on 12 December 1653 rather than acquiesce to the abolition of tithes. When the Instrument of Government gave England
2310-720: The Council of State at this time. Throughout this period, many accused Cooper of harbouring royalist sympathies, but Cooper denied this. In August 1659, Cooper was arrested for complicity in Sir George Booth 's Presbyterian royalist uprising in Cheshire , but in September the Council found him not guilty of any involvement. In October 1659, the New Model Army dissolved the Rump Parliament and replaced
2387-575: The Council of State with its own Committee of Safety . Cooper, republicans Sir Arthur Haselrig and Henry Neville and six other members of the Council of State continued to meet in secret, referring to themselves as the rightful Council of State. This secret Council of State came to see Sir George Monck , commander of the forces in Scotland, as the best hope to restore the Rump, and Cooper and Haselrig met with Monck's commissioners, urging them to restore
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2464-519: The County of Dorset, in 1661, and he was made Baron Cooper , of Paulett in the County of Somerset, at the same time he was given the earldom. These titles are also in the Peerage of England . Baron Ashley is used as a courtesy title by the Earl's eldest son and heir apparent . The Cooper baronetcy , of Rockbourne in the County of Southampton, was created in the Baronetage of England in 1622 for
2541-590: The Court of Wards, during the debate on the Tenures Abolition Bill , Cooper supported continuing the excise imposed by the Long Parliament to compensate the crown for the loss of revenues associated with the abolition of the court. On 20 April 1661, three days before his coronation at Westminster Abbey , Charles II announced his coronation honours, and in those honours, he created Cooper Baron Ashley , of Wimborne St Giles. Following
2618-454: The Earl's father, John Cooper . He sat as Member of Parliament for Poole . The current holder is Nicholas Ashley-Cooper (born 1979). The first Earl was succeeded by his son, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury . He represented Melcombe Regis and Weymouth in the House of Commons . His son, Anthony Ashley-Cooper , succeeded as the 3rd Earl upon his death. The 3rd Earl sat as
2695-446: The House of Commons, Sir Daniel Norton , purchased Cooper's wardship from the king, but they remained unable to sell Cooper's land without permission of the Court of Wards because, on his death, Sir John Cooper had left some £35,000 in gambling debts. The Court of Wards ordered the sale of the best of Sir John's lands to pay his debts, with several sales commissioners picking up choice properties at £20,000 less than their market value,
2772-476: The Household . The 9th Earl was predeceased by his elder son Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Lord Ashley , in 1947; on the 9th Earl's death in 1961, the titles passed to his grandson, the 10th Earl, son of Lord Ashley. In 2004, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 10th Earl of Shaftesbury , was murdered by his third wife, Jamila M'Barek , and her brother. They were convicted of the crime in 2007, two years after the 10th Earl's body
2849-523: The Irish Cattle Bill, introduced by the Duke of Buckingham , which sought to prevent the importation of Irish cattle into England. During the course of this debate, Ashley attacked Charles' Lord Lieutenant of Ireland , James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde . He suggested that Irish peers such as Ormonde should have no precedence over English commoners . The debate over the Irish Cattle Bill marks
2926-639: The Protestant religion and the liberties of the kingdom" and that he, therefore, believed the parliamentary cause was just, and he offered to take the Solemn League and Covenant . In July 1644, the House of Commons gave Cooper permission to leave London, and he soon joined parliamentary forces in Dorset. After he participated in a campaign in August, parliament appointed him to the committee governing
3003-460: The Rump insisted on placing restrictions on who could stand in these by-elections, Cooper urged Monck to insist instead on the return of the members of the Long Parliament excluded by Pride's Purge , and Monck obliged on 21 February 1660. Two days later, the restored Long Parliament again elected Cooper to the Council of State. On 16 March 1660, the Long Parliament finally voted for its own dissolution. Beginning in spring 1660, Cooper drew closer to
3080-687: The Rump issued a full pardon for his time as a Royalist, opening the way for his return to public office. Following the dissolution of the Rump in April 1653, Oliver Cromwell and the Army Council nominated Cooper to serve in Barebone's Parliament as member for Wiltshire . On 14 July, Cromwell appointed Cooper to the English Council of State , where he was a member of the Committee for
3157-403: The Rump. Cooper was involved in several plots to launch pro-Rump uprisings. This proved unnecessary as, on 23 December 1659, troops resolved to stand by the Rump and the Council of State and disobey the Committee of Safety. The Rump Parliament reassembled on 26 December 1659, and on 2 January 1660, Cooper was elected to the Council of State. On 7 January 1659, a special committee reported back on
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3234-641: The Treasury, headed by the Duke of Albemarle as First Lord of the Treasury. Ashley was named as one of the nine Treasury Commissioners at this time. The failures of the English during the Second Anglo-Dutch War led Charles II to lose faith in the Earl of Clarendon, who was dismissed as Lord Chancellor on 31 August 1667. The court then moved to impeach Clarendon, and was supported in this by many of Ashley's former political allies (including
3311-488: The army in Dorset. Cooper participated in fighting throughout 1644. However, in 1645, with the passing of the Self-denying Ordinance , Cooper chose to resign his commissions in the parliamentary army (which was, at any rate, being supplanted by the creation of the New Model Army ) to preserve his claim to be the rightful member for Downton. He nevertheless continued to be active in the Dorset committee as
3388-572: The commander of the Royalist forces in the west, had recommended Cooper be appointed governor of Weymouth and Portland , but Prince Maurice intervened to block the appointment, on grounds of Cooper's youth and alleged inexperience. Cooper appealed to the Chancellor of the Exchequer , Edward Hyde ; Hyde arranged a compromise whereby Cooper would be appointed as governor but resign as soon as it
3465-501: The coronation, the Cavalier Parliament met beginning on 8 May 1661. Lord Ashley took his seat in the House of Lords on 11 May. On 11 May, the king appointed Ashley as his Chancellor of the Exchequer and under-treasurer (Southampton, Ashley's uncle by marriage, was at the time Lord High Treasurer ). In 1661–1662, Ashley opposed Charles' marriage to Catherine of Braganza because the marriage would involve supporting
3542-439: The design of the furniture shows a highly accomplished progression from the architectural Palladian style to the full fanciful rococo style. The accomplished design, together with the high level of craftsmanship, clearly indicate a metropolitan origin for the majority of these pieces, but unfortunately the surviving Shaftesbury Account Books contain few references to London cabinet-makers other than William Hallett, his name appearing
3619-441: The disputed 1640 Downton election and Cooper was finally allowed to take his seat as member for Downton. Upon General Monck's march into London, Monck was displeased that the Rump Parliament was not prepared to confirm him as commander-in-chief of the army. At Cooper's urging, Monck's troops marched into London, and Monck sent parliament a letter insisting that the vacant seats in the Rump Parliament be filled by by-elections. When
3696-410: The estate, married Edmund Plecy. The Plecy male line became extinct towards the end of the fourteenth century, and the estate was transferred to Edmund and Matilda's descendant Joan Plecy, as heiress. Lady Joan Plecy was soon married to Sir John Hamelyn (d. 1399), but with no male heirs, the estate went to Sir John's daughter Egidia, by his second wife, who married Robert Ashley. The estate has belonged to
3773-506: The first time that Ashley began to break with the court over an issue of policy. In October 1666, Ashley met John Locke , who would in time become his personal secretary. Ashley had gone to Oxford seeking treatment for a liver infection. There he was impressed with Locke, and persuaded him to become part of his retinue. Locke had been looking for a career, and in spring 1667 moved into Ashley's home at Exeter House in London, ostensibly as
3850-582: The form of her grandson, the future 1st Earl of Essex . Cooper's father died in 1630, leaving him a wealthy orphan . Upon his father's death, he inherited his father's baronetcy and was now Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper. Cooper's father had held his lands in knight-service , so Cooper's inheritance now came under the authority of the Court of Wards . The trustees whom his father had appointed to administer his estate, his brother-in-law (Anthony Ashley Cooper's uncle by marriage) Edward Tooker and his colleague from
3927-534: The general pardon. This view prevailed. After the Indemnity and Oblivion Act became law on 29 August 1660, Cooper sat on the special commission that tried the regicides, and in this capacity took part in sentencing to death several colleagues with whom he had collaborated during the years of the English Interregnum , including Hugh Peters , Thomas Harrison , and Thomas Scot . As a long-time foe of
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#17328024911904004-414: The headquarters of the Parliamentarians . Called before the Committee of Both Kingdoms , on 6 March 1644, he explained that he believed that Charles I was now being influenced by Roman Catholic influences (Catholics were increasingly prominent at Charles' court, and he had recently signed a truce with Irish Catholic rebels) and that he believed Charles had no intention of "promoting or preserving ...
4081-409: The house, Cooper spoke out against Cromwell's Other House . Cooper was elected to the Third Protectorate Parliament in early 1659 as member for Wiltshire. During the debates in this parliament, Cooper sided with the republicans who opposed the Humble Petition and Advice and insisted that the bill recognising Richard Cromwell as Protector should limit his control over the militia and eliminate
4158-406: The household physician. Beginning in 1667, Shaftesbury and Locke worked closely on the Grand Model for the Province of Carolina and its centrepiece, the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina . When Southampton died in May 1667, Ashley, as under-treasurer, was expected to succeed Southampton as Lord High Treasurer. King Charles, however, decided to replace Southampton with a nine-man Commission of
4235-463: The international magnate Sir Ernest Cassel , a friend and private financier to the future King Edward VII and one of the richest men in Europe. When her grandfather died in 1921, Edwina inherited his vast fortune, which included £2 million, the 5,000-acre (20 km ) country seat of Broadlands , Romsey, Hampshire; Brook House in London; Moulton Paddocks estate in Newmarket, Suffolk ; Classiebawn Castle, Mullaghmore, County Sligo , Ireland; and
4312-437: The king's supporters (including Coventry), Cooper was not asked to stand for election for Tewkesbury in the Long Parliament. He contested, and by some accounts, won a by-election to the seat of Downton in Wiltshire, but Denzil Holles , soon to rise to prominence as a leader of the opposition to the King and a personal rival of Sir Anthony, blocked Cooper's admission to the Parliament. It was probably feared that Sir Anthony, as
4389-439: The largest freshwater lake in the British Isles . As noted by Christopher Hussey in his article on St Giles' House, "The whole, so little changed in two centuries, is a splendid example of the Kent manner changing into the rococo of the mid-century." However, following World War II, the contents of these rooms have been gradually dispersed in a number of sales. The record of these and a number of published articles indicate that
4466-542: The parliaments of 1625 and 1628, supporting the attack on Richard Neile , Bishop of Winchester , for his Arminian tendencies. Sir Anthony Ashley insisted that a man with Puritan leanings, Aaron Guerdon, be chosen as Cooper's first tutor. Cooper's mother died in 1628. In the following year his father remarried, this time to the widowed Mary Moryson, one of the daughters of wealthy London textile merchant Baptist Hicks and co- heir of his fortune. Through his stepmother, Cooper thus gained an important political connection in
4543-429: The penalties initially suggested by the House of Commons. Throughout late 1664 and 1665, Ashley was increasingly in the royal favour. For example, in August 1665, the king paid a surprise visit to Ashley at Wimborne St Giles, and, during a later visit, introduced Ashley to his illegitimate son James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth . The Second Anglo–Dutch War began on 4 March 1665 after a Royal Navy squadron seized
4620-541: The period, Shaftesbury saw Catholicism as closely linked to "arbitrary government", and thus the prospect of a Catholic monarch as a threat to the rule of Parliament. His sponsorship of the Exclusion Bill in 1679 led to two years of political struggle, but ultimately ended in defeat. During the subsequent Tory reaction in 1681, Shaftesbury was arrested for high treason , a prosecution dropped several months later. Fearing re-arrest and execution, in 1682 he went into exile in Amsterdam , where he died in January 1683. Cooper
4697-403: The protector's ability to veto legislation. Cooper again spoke out against the Other House (consisting of new lords), and in favour of restoring the old House of Lords . When Richard Cromwell dissolved parliament on 22 April 1659 and recalled the Rump Parliament (dissolved by Oliver Cromwell in 1653), Cooper attempted to revive his claim to sit as member for Downton. He was also re-appointed to
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#17328024911904774-437: The recommendation of General Monck and of Cooper's wife's uncle Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton , Charles appointed Cooper to his Privy Council on 27 May 1660. Cooper took advantage of the Declaration of Breda and was formally pardoned for his support of the English Commonwealth on 27 June 1660. During this period, he helped reorganise the Privy Council's committee on trade and plantations . Cooper thus became
4851-454: The royalist cause. As late as mid-April, he appears to have favoured only a conditional restoration. In April 1660 he was re-elected MP for Wiltshire in the Convention Parliament . On 25 April he voted in favour of an unconditional restoration. On 8 May, the Convention Parliament appointed Cooper as one of twelve members to travel to The Hague to invite Charles II to return to England. Cooper returned to England with Charles in late May. On
4928-434: Was a prominent politician, social reformer and philanthropist. He was known as the reforming Lord Shaftesbury in the 19th century, who fought for the abolition of slavery. His eldest son, the 8th Earl, sat as Member of Parliament for Kingston upon Hull and Cricklade . He was succeeded by his son, the 9th Earl, who was the Lord Mayor of Belfast , Lord Lieutenant of Belfast , County Antrim and Dorset and Lord Steward of
5005-458: Was also a patron of the political philosopher John Locke , with whom Shaftesbury collaborated with in writing the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina in 1669. During the Wars of the Three Kingdoms , Shaftesbury initially supported the Royalists , before switching to the Parliamentarians in 1644. He served on the English Council of State under the Commonwealth, although he opposed Oliver Cromwell 's attempt to rule without Parliament during
5082-413: Was an English statesman and peer. He held senior political office under both the Commonwealth of England and Charles II , serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1661 to 1672 and Lord Chancellor from 1672 to 1673. During the Exclusion Crisis , Shaftesbury headed the movement to bar the Catholic heir, James II , from the royal succession, which is often seen as the origin of the Whig party . He
5159-411: Was educated at Winchester and served as Deputy Lieutenant of Dorset. Cropley Ashley-Cooper, younger brother of the 5th Earl, inherited the title of 6th Earl upon the death of his older brother in 1811. The 6th Earl represented Dorchester in Parliament. He served as member of the Privy Council and Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords . Upon his death, the title was passed to his son. The 7th Earl
5236-445: Was found dismembered in the French Alps . The 10th Earl was succeeded by his elder son Anthony Ashley Cooper, 11th Earl of Shaftesbury . In May 2005, six months after succeeding to the earldom, the 11th Earl died of a heart attack in New York City, while visiting his younger brother Nicholas Ashley-Cooper , who succeeded him as 12th Earl. Other prominent members of the family include Liberal politician Evelyn Ashley , second son of
5313-504: Was in the majority. At the same election, Cooper was also elected MP for Tewkesbury and Poole but chose to sit for Wiltshire. Although Cooper was generally supportive of Cromwell during the First Protectorate Parliament (he voted in favour of making Cromwell king in December 1654), he grew worried that Cromwell was growing inclined to rule through the Army rather than through Parliament. This led Cooper to break with Cromwell: in early January 1655, he stopped attending Council and introduced
5390-442: Was of minor gentry stock, he had served as Secretary at War in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I , and in 1622, two years after the death of his first wife, Sir Anthony Ashley married the 19-year-old Philippa Sheldon (51 years his junior), a relative of George Villiers, Marquess of Buckingham , thus cementing relations with the most powerful man at court. Cooper's father was created a baronet in 1622, and he represented Poole in
5467-444: Was one of 100 members whom the Council of State excluded from the parliament. Cooper was one of 65 excluded members to sign a petition protesting their exclusion that was delivered by Sir George Booth . Cooper eventually took his seat in the parliament on 20 January 1658, after Cromwell accepted an amended version of the Humble Petition and Advice that stipulated that the excluded members could return to parliament. Upon his return to
5544-609: Was one of the 26 aristocratic subscribers to the first edition of Thomas Chippendale's Director (1754). His second wife, Lady Mary Bouverie , was the daughter of the 1st Viscount Folkestone who was a major patron of William Hallett and Benjamin Goodison , her brother the 2nd Viscount acquiring pieces from the Royal cabinetmakers William Vile and John Cobb . The Ashley and Cooper rivers in South Carolina were named for
5621-428: Was possible to do so without losing face. Cooper was promised that upon resigning as governor, he would be made High Sheriff of Dorset and president of the council of war for Dorset, both of which were offices more prestigious than the governorship. Cooper spent the remainder of 1643 as governor of Weymouth and Portland. In early 1644, Cooper resigned all of his posts under the king, and travelled to Hurst Castle ,
5698-480: Was sent to live with his father's other trustee, Edward Tooker , at Maddington , near Salisbury. Here his tutor was a man with an MA from Oriel College, Oxford . Cooper matriculated at Exeter College, Oxford , on 24 March 1637, aged 15, where he studied under its master, the Regius Professor of Divinity , John Prideaux , a Calvinist with vehemently anti-Arminian tendencies. While there he fomented
5775-587: Was still a minor , the young couple moved into Lord Coventry's residences of Durham House in the Strand , and at Canonbury House in Islington . In March 1640, while still a minor, Cooper was elected Member of Parliament for the borough of Tewkesbury , Gloucestershire, in the Short Parliament through the influence of Lord Coventry. In October 1640, with opinion in the country swinging against
5852-573: Was the eldest son and successor of Sir John Cooper, 1st Baronet , of Rockbourne in Hampshire, and his mother was the former Anne Ashley, daughter and sole heiress of Sir Anthony Ashley, 1st Baronet . He was born on 22 July 1621, at the home of his maternal grandfather Sir Anthony Ashley in Wimborne St Giles , Dorset. He was named Anthony Ashley Cooper because of a promise the couple had made to Sir Anthony. Although Sir Anthony Ashley
5929-430: Was willing to work with the new regime, accepting a commission as justice of the peace for Wiltshire and Dorset in February 1649 and acting as High Sheriff of Wiltshire for 1647. Furthermore, in February 1650, he not only took the oath of loyalty to the new regime but was a member of a commission that tendered the oath. Cooper's first wife, Margaret, died on 10 July 1649; the couple had had no children. Less than
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