115-991: (Redirected from Awlaki ) Aulaqi , Awlaki , or Awlaqi may refer to: People [ edit ] Anwar al-Awlaki (1971–2011), Yemeni-American imam and reported member of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Abdulrahman al-Awlaki (1995–2011), son of Anwar al-Awlaki and American citizen killed in U.S. drone strike Nasser al-Awlaki , former Yemeni minister of agriculture and Anwar al-Awlaki's father Nawar al-Awlaki (2008–2017), daughter of Anwar al-Awlaki and American citizen killed in U.S. drone strike Nihal Ali al-Awlaqi , Minister of Legal Affairs in Yemen Saeed Aulaqi (born 1940), Yemeni dramatist and fiction writer Saleh Al-Aulaqi (1938–1973), Yemeni politician and diplomat Places [ edit ] Aulaqi Sultanate , state encompassing
230-548: A Washington Post reporter. According to Shaea, Al-Awlaki said he "neither ordered nor pressured ... Hasan to harm Americans". Al-Awlaki said Hasan first e-mailed him on December 17, 2008. By way of introduction, Hasan said: "Do you remember me? I used to pray with you at the Virginia mosque." According to Al-Awlaki, Hasan said he was Muslim around the time the Imam was preaching at Dar al-Hijrah in 2001 and 2002. This coincides with
345-708: A bachelor's degree in biochemistry. He completed both of these programs with Latin honors . He was commissioned as an officer in the Army Medical Department in 1997, and enrolled at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) in Bethesda , Maryland . Hasan's performance was marginal while enrolled at USUHS. He was on academic probation during much of the six years he required to complete
460-486: A closing argument . On November 18, Colonel James L. Pohl , investigating officer for the Article 32 hearing, recommended Hasan be court-martialed and face the death penalty. His recommendation was forwarded to another U.S. Army colonel at Fort Hood, who, after filing his report, presented his recommendation to the post commander. The post commander decided Hasan would face a trial and the death penalty. On July 6, 2011,
575-458: A moderate Muslim be invited to give a talk. There is no way that the people who did this could be Muslim, and if they claim to be Muslim, then they have perverted their religion. Anwar al-Awlaki on the 9/11 hijackers Al-Awlaki appeared on law enforcement's radars when federal investigators discovered two of the alleged 9/11 hijackers had attended the same mosque in San Diego during
690-401: A 'poor performance' evaluation from supervisors and medical faculty. Despite concerns, his former boss, Lt. Col. Ben Phillips, graded his performance as "outstanding". Hasan's cousin, Virginia attorney Nader Hasan, disputed the assertion that he was "disenchanted with the military," but said Hasan dreaded war after counseling soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder . He was "mortified by
805-538: A Facebook fan page with "fans" in the US, many of whom were high school students. Al-Awlaki also set up a website and blog on which he shared his views. Al-Awlaki influenced several other extremists to join militant organizations overseas and to carry out terrorist attacks in their home countries. Mohamed Alessa and Carlos Almonte , two American citizens from New Jersey who attempted to travel to Somalia in June 2010 to join
920-625: A former neighbor, stated, in 1997, Hasan had two sons living with him and attending local schools. Cook said, "As far as I know, he was a single father. I never saw a wife." Hasan received the Army Service Ribbon as a private in 1988 after completing Advanced Individual Training (AIT), the National Defense Service Medal twice for service during the time periods of the Persian Gulf War and
1035-659: A fundraiser dinner for Guantanamo detainees promoted by Cageprisoners. His videos, which discuss his Islamist theories, have circulated across the United Kingdom. Until February 2010, hundreds of audio tapes of his sermons were available at the Tower Hamlets public libraries. In 2009, the London-based Islam Channel carried advertisements for his DVDs and at least two of his video conference lectures. FBI agents identified al-Awlaki as
1150-623: A graduate school classmate in the Master's in Public Health program, said in a class on environmental health, Hasan's project dealt with "whether the Global War On Terror is a war on Islam" and the effect on Muslims in the military, which Finnell thought was strange. According to Colonel Terry Lee, since retired, "He [Hasan] said 'maybe Muslims should stand up and fight against the aggressor'. At first, we thought he meant help
1265-434: A known, important "senior recruiter for al Qaeda", and a spiritual motivator. His name came up in a dozen terrorism plots in the US, UK, and Canada. The cases included suicide bombers in the 2005 London bombings , jihadists in the 2006 Toronto terrorism case , jihadists in the 2007 Fort Dix attack plot , the killer in the 2009 Little Rock military recruiting office shooting , and the 2010 Times Square bomber . In each case
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#17327912866801380-651: A lecture tour of England and Scotland in 2002 in conjunction with the Muslim Association of Britain . He also lectured at "ExpoIslamia", an event held by Islamic Forum Europe . At the East London Mosque he told his audience: "A Muslim is a brother of a Muslim... he does not betray him, and he does not hand him over... You don't hand over a Muslim to the enemies." In the UK's Parliament in 2003, Louise Ellman , MP for Liverpool Riverside , discussed
1495-614: A master's degree. He worked on a doctorate in Human Resource Development at The George Washington University Graduate School of Education and Human Development in 2001. In 1994, al-Awlaki married a cousin from Yemen, and began service as a part-time imam of the Denver Islamic Society. In 1996, he was chastised by an elder for encouraging a Saudi student to fight in Chechnya against
1610-475: A meeting of senior al-Qaeda leaders at a hideout in Rafd in eastern Shabwa, on December 24, 2009. But he survived. Pravda reported that the planes, using Saudi and U.S. intelligence, killed at least 30 al-Qaeda members from Yemen and abroad, and that an al-Awlaki house was "raided and demolished". On December 28 The Washington Post reported that U.S. and Yemeni officials said that al-Awlaki had been present at
1725-468: A member of al-Qaeda. A Yemeni judge ordered that he be captured "dead or alive". U.S. officials said that in 2009, al-Awlaki was promoted to the rank of "regional commander" within al-Qaeda. He repeatedly called for jihad against the United States. In April 2010, al-Awlaki was placed on a CIA kill list by President Barack Obama . Al-Awlaki's father and civil rights groups challenged
1840-1018: A microscope". But U.S. Attorney Gaouette said that no objection had been raised to the rescinding of the warrant during a meeting that included Ray Fournier, the San Diego federal diplomatic security agent whose allegation had set in motion the effort to obtain a warrant. Gaouette said that if al-Awlaki had been convicted at the time, he would have faced about six months in custody. The New York Times suggested later that al-Awlaki had claimed birth in Yemen (his family's place of origin) to qualify for scholarship money granted to foreign citizens. U.S. Congressman Frank R. Wolf (R-VA) wrote in May 2010 that by claiming to be foreign-born, al-Awlaki fraudulently obtained more than $ 20,000 in scholarship funds reserved for foreign students. While living in Northern Virginia, al-Awlaki visited Ali al-Timimi , later known as
1955-433: A military judge delayed the trial until June 12, 2012. Lieutenant Colonel Kris Poppe, Hasan's lead attorney, said the request to delay the trial was "purely a matter of necessity of adequate time for pre-trial preparation". On April 10, 2012, Hasan's lawyers requested another continuance to move the trial start date from June to late October to investigate paperwork and evidence and interview witnesses. Gross agreed to take
2070-738: A mosque in Maryland closer to where he lived while working at the Walter Reed Medical Center (2003–09). He was investigated by the FBI after intelligence agencies intercepted at least 18 e-mails between him and al-Awlaki between December 2008 and June 2009. Even before the contents of the e-mails were revealed, terrorism expert Jarret Brachman said that Hasan's contacts with al-Awlaki should have raised "huge red flags ", because of his influence on radical English-speaking jihadis . Charles Allen, no longer in government, noted that there
2185-556: A new date for the start of the trial. The Appeals Court rejected attempts by Hasan to receive "religious accommodation" to grow a beard. On September 6, Colonel Gross ruled Hasan be force-shaved after he determined the 1993 Religious Freedom Restoration Act did not apply to this case; however, the force-shave will not be enforced until Hasan's appeals are exhausted. During the September 6 hearing, Hasan twice offered to plead guilty; however, U.S. Army rules prohibit judges from accepting
2300-478: A pet bird for months after it died. Also near Ramallah, cousin Mohammed Hasan said "because he's Muslim, he didn't want to go to Afghanistan or Iraq, and he didn't want to expose himself to violence and death". Mohammed stated his cousin was a "pleasant young man" who was happy to graduate and to be joining the army after his uncle and cousins served. They never talked about politics, but Hasan complained "he
2415-403: A presentation titled "The Quranic World View as It Relates to Muslims in the U.S. Military" during his senior year of residency at WRAMC; it was not well received by some attendees. He suggested the U.S. Department of Defense "should allow Muslims [ sic ] Soldiers the option of being released as 'Conscientious objectors' to increase troop morale and decrease adverse events." On
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#17327912866802530-531: A press-release claiming Hasan had "more unexplained connections to people tracked by the FBI" than just Anwar al-Awlaki. Hasan's business card left in his apartment describes him as a psychiatrist specializing in Behavioral Health ;– Mental Health – Life Skills, and contains the acronyms SoA (SWT). According to investigators, the acronym "SoA" is used on jihadist websites as an acronym for "Soldier of Allah" or "Servant of Allah." SWT
2645-693: A previous slide, he explained "adverse events" could be refusal to deploy, espionage , or killing of fellow soldiers. Retired Colonel Terry Lee, after working with Hasan, recalled the fatal shooting of two recruiters in Little Rock, Arkansas , greatly affected Hasan. Lee told Fox News that Hasan made "outlandish" statements against the American military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan , reportedly saying that "the Muslims should stand up and fight against
2760-404: A private hospital room. Galligan said doctors indicated Hasan would need at least two months in the hospital to learn "to care for himself". On November 7, 2009, while Hasan was communicative, he refused to talk to law enforcement officials. On November 12 and December 2, respectively, Hasan was charged with thirteen counts of pre-meditated murder and thirty-two counts of attempted murder under
2875-721: A radical Islamic cleric. Al-Timimi was convicted in 2005 and is now serving a life sentence for leading the Virginia Jihad Network , inciting Muslim followers to fight with the Taliban against the US. Al-Awlaki left the United States before the end of 2002, because of a "climate of fear and intimidation" according to Imam Johari Abdul-Malik of the Dar al-Hijrah mosque. He lived in the UK for several months, where he gave talks attended by up to 200 people. He urged young Muslim followers: "The important lesson to learn here
2990-474: A retired Army JAG colonel, represented Hasan. On November 21, in a hearing held in Hasan's hospital room, a military magistrate ruled there was probable cause Hasan committed the shooting spree at Fort Hood, and ordered pre-trial confinement until his court-martial. Hasan remained in intensive care in accordance with the magistrate's dictate. On November 23, Galligan said Hasan would likely plead not guilty to
3105-407: A similar opinion in a speech at a London mosque later that year. By July 2002, al-Awlaki was under investigation in the United States for having received money from the subject of a U.S. Joint Terrorism Task Force investigation. His name was added to the list of terrorism suspects. In June 2002, a Denver federal judge signed an arrest warrant for al-Awlaki for passport fraud . On October 9,
3220-476: A terrorist incident, or identify any motive. The Wall Street Journal reported in January 2010 that al-Awlaki had not "played a direct role" in any of the attacks, and noted he had never been charged with a crime in the US. One of his fellow officers at Fort Hood said Hasan was enthusiastic about al-Awlaki. Some investigators believe al-Awlaki's teachings may have been instrumental in Hasan's decision to stage
3335-556: A trip abroad, because a 10-year statute of limitations on lying to the Social Security Administration had expired. According to a 2012 investigative report by Fox News , the arrest warrant for passport fraud was still in effect on the morning of October 10, 2002, when FBI Agent Wade Ammerman ordered al-Awlaki's release. U.S. Congressman Frank Wolf (R-VA) and several congressional committees urged FBI Director Robert Mueller to provide an explanation about
3450-550: Is a virtual given from the start. In short, the Army has been pursuing death from the git-go." The prosecutors filed a memo on April 28, 2010, stating the "aggravating factor" necessary for pursuit of the death penalty will be satisfied if Hasan is found guilty of more than one murder. The decision to seek the death penalty followed the Article 32 hearing. In a September 15, 2010, press release, Hasan's attorney stated he intended to seek closed court hearings. On October 12, 2010, Hasan
3565-609: Is commonly used to mean " subhanahu wa ta'ala " (Glory to God). A review of Hasan's computer and e-mail accounts show visits to Internet sites espousing radical Islamist ideas, according to a press-release from an anonymous government agent. Hasan expressed concern about the former actions by some of the soldiers he evaluated as a psychiatrist. Days before his attacks on Fort Hood in 2009, Hasan asked his supervisors and Army legal advisers how to handle reports of soldiers' deeds in Afghanistan and Iraq that disturbed him. Hasan
Aulaqi - Misplaced Pages Continue
3680-466: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Anwar al-Awlaki Anwar Nasser Abdulla al-Awlaki ( Arabic : أنور العولقي , romanized : Anwar al-'Awlaqī ; April 21 or 22, 1971 – September 30, 2011) was an American-Yemeni lecturer and alleged jihadist who was killed in 2011 in Yemen by a U.S. government drone strike ordered by President Barack Obama . Al-Awlaki became
3795-531: Is great"), and opened fire on armed forces in the Soldier Readiness Center of Fort Hood, located in Killeen, Texas , killing thirteen people and wounding over thirty others in the worst shooting against armed forces on an American military base. Department of the Army police officer Kimberly D. Munley encountered Hasan leaving the building. Munley and Hasan exchanged shots before Munley
3910-650: Is never, ever trust the kuffar [disbeliever]. Do not trust them! [Their leaders] are plotting to kill this religion. They're plotting night and day." "He was the main man who translated the jihad into English," said a student who attended his lectures in 2003. He gave a series of lectures in December 2002 and January 2003 at the London Masjid al-Tawhid mosque, describing the rewards martyrs ( Shahid ) receive in paradise ( Jannah ). He began to gain supporters, particularly among young Muslims, and undertook
4025-601: The Fort Hood mass shooting on November 5, 2009. Hasan, an Army Medical Corps psychiatrist, admitted to the shootings at his court-martial in August 2013. During the six years Hasan was a medical intern and resident at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center , concerns were raised about his job performance and behavior, specifically comments described by colleagues as " anti-American ". Hasan
4140-564: The Global War on Terror , and the Global War on Terrorism Service Medal for support service during the Global War on Terror. According to one of his cousins, Hasan was Muslim; he became more devout after the early deaths of his parents. His cousin did not recall him expressing any radical or anti-American views, and his family also described Hasan as a peaceful person, and a good American. One of his cousins said Hasan turned against
4255-498: The UN 1267 Committee 's list of individuals belonging to or associated with al-Qaeda. Al-Zindani denied having any influence over al-Awlaki, or that he had been his "direct teacher". Some believe that the school's curriculum deals mostly, if not exclusively, with radical Islamic studies, and promotes radicalism. American convert John Walker Lindh and other alumni have been associated with militant groups. On August 31, 2006, al-Awlaki
4370-534: The Uniform Code of Military Justice , thus making him eligible for the death penalty . At the time, authorities did not specify if they would seek the death penalty; Colonel Michael Mulligan would serve as the Army's lead prosecutor. Mulligan was lead prosecutor on the Hasan Akbar case , in which a soldier was sentenced to death for the murder of two members of the US military. John P. Galligan,
4485-1082: The University of Westminster in September 2008, an arts center in East London in April 2009 (after the Tower Hamlets council gave its approval), worshippers at the Al Huda Mosque in Bradford , and a dinner of the Cageprisoners organization in September 2008 at the Wandsworth Civic Centre in South London . On August 23, 2009, al-Awlaki was banned by local authorities in Kensington and Chelsea , London, from speaking at Kensington Town Hall via videolink to
4600-653: The West Bank near Jerusalem . Raised in the Muslim faith with his two younger brothers, Hasan attended Wakefield High School in Arlington for his freshman year in 1985. His family moved to Roanoke in 1986, where his father had moved a year before set up what would become a number of successful family-owned businesses which included a market, restaurant and olive bar. Hasan graduated from Roanoke's William Fleming High School in 1988. His father died in 1998 at
4715-430: The 1990s and early 2000s. Al-Awlaki also worked as an imam despite having no religious qualifications and almost no religious education. Al-Awlaki returned to Yemen in early 2004 and became a university lecturer after a brief stint as a public speaker in the United Kingdom. He was detained by Yemeni authorities in 2006 and spent 18 months in prison before being released without facing trial. Following his release by
Aulaqi - Misplaced Pages Continue
4830-471: The 9/11 attacks, al-Awlaki was sought in Washington, D.C., by the media to answer questions about Islam, its rituals, and its relation to the attacks. He was interviewed by National Geographic , The New York Times , and other media. Al-Awlaki condemned the attacks. According to an NPR report in 2010, in 2001 al-Awlaki appeared to be a moderate who could "bridge the gap between the United States and
4945-535: The 9/11 plot, no solid evidence emerged linking him to the plot. Al-Awlaki resigned from Dar Al-Hijrah in early 2002 due to post-9/11 media attention that distracted the imam from his duties, according to the mosque's outreach director. Later in 2002, al-Awlaki posted an essay in Arabic on the Islam Today website titled "Why Muslims Love Death", lauding the fervor of Palestinian suicide bombers . He expressed
5060-588: The Bin Laden contact Ziyad Khaleel , and a visit by an associate of Omar Abdel Rahman , it did not find sufficient evidence for a criminal prosecution. In 2004, the FBI described this group as a "front organization to funnel money to terrorists". Al-Awlaki told reporters that he resigned from leading the San Diego mosque "after an uneventful four years," and took a brief sabbatical , traveling overseas to various countries. Al-Awlaki decided to pursue his PhD and
5175-468: The Denver U.S. Attorney's Office filed a motion to dismiss the complaint and vacate the arrest warrant. Prosecutors believed that they lacked sufficient evidence of a crime, according to U.S. Attorney Dave Gaouette, who authorized its withdrawal. Al-Awlaki had listed Yemen rather than the United States as his place of birth on his 1990 application for a U.S. Social Security number , soon after arriving in
5290-642: The FBI reading the e-mails stated "they were consistent with authorized research Major Hasan was conducting." The e-mails contained general questions about spiritual guidance with regard to conflicts between Islam and military service, and officials judged them to be consistent with his legitimate mental health research about Muslims in the American armed services. After the shootings, the Yemeni journalist Abdulelah Hider Shaea interviewed al-Awlaki in November 2009 about their exchanges, and discussed their time with
5405-571: The Fort Hood post commander referred the case to a general court-martial authorized to consider the death penalty. On July 27, 2011, Fort Hood Chief Circuit Judge Colonel Gregory Gross set a March 5, 2012, trial date. Hasan declined to enter any plea, and Judge Gross granted a request by Hasan's attorneys to defer the plea. Hasan notified Gross he had released John Galligan, his civilian attorney during previous court appearances, choosing to be represented by three military lawyers. On February 2, 2012,
5520-851: The Russians. He left Denver soon after, moving to San Diego. From 1996 to 2000, al-Awlaki was imam of the Masjid Ar-Ribat al-Islami mosque in San Diego, California , where he had a following of 200–300 people. U.S. officials later alleged that Nawaf al-Hazmi and Khalid al-Mihdhar , hijackers of American Airlines Flight 77 , attended his sermons and personally met him during this period, although Al-Awlaki told authorities their conversations were trivial in nature. Hazmi later lived in Northern Virginia and attended al-Awlaki's mosque there. The 9/11 Commission Report said that
5635-461: The US. Al-Awlaki used this documentation to obtain a passport in 1993. He later corrected his place of birth to Las Cruces, New Mexico. "The bizarre thing is if you put Yemen down (on the application), it would be harder to get a Social Security number than to say you are a native-born citizen of Las Cruces ", Gaouette said. Prosecutors could not charge him in October 2002, when he returned from
5750-421: The Virginia mosque." Hasan said he had become a devout Muslim around the time al-Awlaki was preaching at Dar al-Hijrah , in 2001 and 2002, and al-Awlaki said 'Maybe Nidal was affected by one of my lectures.'" He added: "It was clear from his e-mails that Nidal trusted me. Nidal told me: 'I speak with you about issues that I never speak with anyone else.'" Al-Awlaki said Hasan arrived at his own conclusions regarding
5865-530: The acceptability of violence in Islam and said he was not the one to initiate this. Shaea said, "Nidal was providing evidence to Anwar, not vice versa." Asked whether Hasan mentioned Fort Hood as a target in his e-mails, Shaea declined to comment. Al-Awlaki said the shooting was acceptable in Islam, however, because it was a form of jihad , as the West began the hostilities with the Muslims. Al-Awlaki said he "blessed
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#17327912866805980-488: The act because it was against a military target. And the soldiers who were killed were ... those who were trained and prepared to go to Iraq and Afghanistan". Al-Awlaki's e-mail conversations with Hasan were not released, and he was not placed on the FBI Most Wanted list, indicted for treason, or officially named as a co-conspirator with Hasan. The U.S. government was reluctant to classify the Fort Hood shooting as
6095-653: The aftermath of the Soviet occupation . He spent some time training with the mujahideen who had fought the Soviets. He was depressed by the country's poverty and hunger, and "wouldn't have gone with al-Qaeda," according to friends from Colorado State, who said he was profoundly affected by the trip. Mullah Mohammed Omar did not form the Taliban until 1994. When Al-Awlaki returned to campus, he showed increased interest in religion and politics. Al-Awlaki studied Education Leadership at San Diego State University , earning
6210-585: The age of 51; his mother died three years later at the age of 49. One of his brothers continues to live in Virginia while the other moved to the Palestinian Territories . Hasan enlisted in the United States Army in 1988 after graduating from high school. He attended college during this time, earning an associate degree in science from Virginia Western Community College in 1992. In 1995, he graduated from Virginia Tech with
6325-585: The aggressor", referring to American soldiers. Hasan expressed hope U.S. President Barack Obama would withdraw troops. He was frequently agitated and argumentative with other Army personnel. Despite these problems, in May 2009, Hasan was promoted to major . In July 2009 he was transferred to Darnall Army Medical Center in Fort Cavazos (then Fort Hood), Texas , moving into the city of Killeen . Two weeks later, he lawfully purchased an FN Five-seven handgun. Prior to his transfer, Hasan had received
6440-465: The al-Qaeda-linked militant group Al Shabaab , allegedly watched several al-Awlaki videos and sermons in which he warned of future attacks against Americans in the United States and abroad. Zachary Chesser , an American citizen who was arrested for attempting to provide material support to Al Shabaab, told federal authorities that he watched online videos featuring al-Awlaki and that he exchanged several e-mails with al-Awlaki. In July 2010, Paul Rockwood
6555-490: The armed forces, but apparently that wasn't the case. Other times, he said we shouldn't be in the war in the first place." In 2001–02, Anwar al-Awlaki was the Imam of the Dar al-Hijrah mosque; during that time, he was considered a moderate Muslim. Serving as the Muslim chaplain at George Washington University , he was frequently invited to speak about Islam to audiences in Washington DC and to members of Congress and
6670-404: The attack. On his now-disabled website, al-Awlaki praised Hasan's actions, describing him as a hero. According to a number of sources, Al-Awlaki and Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab , the convicted al-Qaeda attempted bomber of Northwest Airlines Flight 253 on December 25, 2009, had contacts. In January 2010, CNN reported that U.S. "security sources" said that there is concrete evidence that al-Awlaki
6785-429: The attacks, and that the FBI "went into the roster of the airplanes, and whoever has a Muslim or Arab name became the hijacker by default". The FBI interviewed al-Awlaki four times in the eight days following the 9/11 attacks. FBI agents conducted repeated interviews and placed the imam under surveillance. Although some law enforcement and public officials have been outspoken about their suspicions of Al-Awlaki's role in
6900-463: The authorities in Yemen, Al-Awlaki's message became overtly supportive of violence, and he condemned the U.S. government's foreign policy towards Muslims. He was linked to Nidal Hasan , the convicted perpetrator of the 2009 Fort Hood shooting , and Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab , who attempted to detonate a bomb on Northwest Airlines Flight 253 . The Yemeni government tried al-Awlaki in absentia in November 2010 for plotting to kill foreigners and being
7015-543: The bureau's interactions with al-Awlaki, including why he was released from federal custody when there was an outstanding warrant for his arrest. The motion for rescinding the arrest warrant was approved by a magistrate judge on October 10 and filed on October 11. ABC News reported in 2009 that the Joint Terrorism Task Force in San Diego disagreed with the decision to cancel the warrant. They were monitoring al-Awlaki and wanted to "look at him under
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#17327912866807130-524: The charges against him, and may use an insanity defense at his court-martial. In a press-release, Army public affairs staff stated doctors would evaluate Hasan by mid-January 2010 to determine his competency to stand trial as well as his mental state at the time of the attacks, but delayed the exam on request from Galligan until after the Article 32 hearing . The Army dictated Hasan speak only in English on
7245-426: The death of his mother. Al-Awlaki said, "Maybe Nidal was affected by one of my lectures." He added: "It was clear, from his e-mails, Nidal trusted me. Nidal told me: 'I speak with you about issues I never speak with anyone.'" Al-Awlaki said Hasan arrived at his conclusions regarding the acceptability of violence in Islam, and said he was not the one to initiate this. Shaea summarized their relationship by saying, "Nidal
7360-460: The defense secretary, and other government agents after the November 5, 2009, attacks. Defense attorneys argued they want to determine if anything unlawfully influenced Hasan's chain of command to prosecute him. On April 18, 2012, Judge Gross granted in part the defense motion for a continuance, scheduling the trial for August 20, 2012. In July 2012, after directing Hasan to shave his beard, the judge found Hasan in contempt of court and fined him. He
7475-660: The e-mails, Hasan wrote al-Awlaki: "I can't wait to join you [in the afterlife]". "It sounds like code words ," said Lt. Col. Tony Shaffer, a military analyst at the Center for Advanced Defense Studies . "That he's actually either offering himself up, or that he's already crossed that line in his own mind." Yemeni journalist Abdulelah Hider Shaea interviewed al-Awlaki in November 2009. Al-Awlaki acknowledged his correspondence with Hasan. He said he "neither ordered nor pressured ... Hasan to harm Americans." Al-Awlaki said Hasan first e-mailed him December 17, 2008, introducing himself by writing: "Do you remember me? I used to pray with you at
7590-422: The e-mails, but they didn't perceive any terrorist threat in Hasan's questions. Instead, they viewed them as general questions about spiritual guidance with regard to conflicts between Islam and military service and judged them to be consistent with legitimate mental health research about Muslims in the armed services. The assessment was that there was not sufficient information for a larger investigation. In one of
7705-417: The fighters of Afghanistan and Iraq are a reflection of the feelings of Muslims toward America." An unidentified Muslim officer at Fort Hood said Hasan's eyes "lit up" while speaking about al-Awlaki's teachings. Some investigators believe Hasan's contacts with al-Awlaki pushed him toward violence at a time he was depressed and stressed. The government agents monitoring Islamic websites believe Hasan, using
7820-400: The first U.S. citizen to be targeted and killed by a drone strike from the U.S. government. U.S. government officials have claimed that al-Awlaki was a key organizer for the Islamist militant group al-Qaeda . Al-Awlaki was born in Las Cruces, New Mexico , in 1971 to parents from Yemen. Growing up partially in the United States and partially in Yemen, he attended various U.S. universities in
7935-471: The four-year curriculum and graduate medical school. Upon graduation in 2003, Hasan completed his internship and residency in psychiatry at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC). He completed his psychiatry training with a two-year fellowship in disaster and preventive psychiatry, earning a master's degree in public health. During his training at Walter Reed, he received counseling and extra supervision. According to The Washington Post , Hasan made
8050-463: The government. Hasan reportedly had deep respect for al-Awlaki's teachings. Eleven months prior to the shootings, in December 2008, federal intelligence officials captured a series of e-mail exchanges between Al-Awlaki and Hasan. During this period, al-Awlaki was deemed a "radical cleric". However, they determined the e-mails were religious, and did not contain any elements of militancy nor any concerning subject matter. Counter-terrorism specialists for
8165-455: The hijackers "reportedly respected [al-Awlaki] as a religious figure". While in San Diego, al-Awlaki volunteered with youth organizations, fished, discussed his travels with friends, and created a popular and lucrative series of recorded lectures. In 1998 and 1999, he served as vice-president for the Charitable Society for Social Welfare . Although the FBI investigated al-Awlaki from June 1999 through March 2000 for possible links to Hamas ,
8280-455: The idea" of deploying after he heard on a "daily basis the horrors they saw over there". Nader also stated Hasan was harassed by his fellow soldiers. "He hired a military attorney to try to have the issue resolved, pay back the government, to get out of the military. He was at the end of trying everything." Hasan's aunt also said Hasan sought discharge because of harassment relating to his Islamic faith. However, an Army spokesman did not confirm
8395-498: The killing of al-Awlaki an extrajudicial execution that breached al-Awlaki's constitutional rights. The New York Times wrote in 2015 that al-Awlaki's public statements and videos had been more influential in inspiring acts of Islamic terrorism in the wake of his killing than they were before his death. Anwar al-Awlaki was born in Las Cruces, New Mexico , US in 1971 to parents from Yemen, while his father, Nasser al-Awlaki ,
8510-609: The late Imam Anwar al-Awlaki were related to his authorized professional research and he was not a threat. The FBI, Department of Defense (DoD) and United States Senate all conducted investigations after the shootings. The Senate released a report describing the shooting as "the worst terrorist attack on U.S. soil since September 11, 2001". Controversially, the Army decided not to charge Hasan with terrorism. A jury panel of 13 officers convicted him of 13 counts of premeditated murder and 32 counts of attempted premeditated murder , and unanimously recommended he be dismissed from
8625-399: The meeting. Abdul Elah al-Shaya, a Yemeni journalist, said al-Awlaki called him on December 28 to report that he was well and had not attended the al-Qaeda meeting. Al-Shaya said that al-Awlaki was not tied to al-Qaeda. In March 2010, a tape featuring al-Awlaki was released in which he urged Muslims residing in the United States to attack their country of residence. After 2006, al-Awlaki
8740-549: The morning of the shooting, saying he was going to be deployed on Friday. He also distributed copies of the Quran . Kamran Pasha wrote about a Muslim officer at Fort Hood who said he prayed with Hasan on the day of the Fort Hood shooting, and Hasan "appeared relaxed and not in any way troubled or nervous". This officer believed the shootings could possibly be motivated by religious radicalism. On November 5, 2009, Hasan reportedly shouted " Allahu Akbar !" (the phrase means "God
8855-414: The order in court. The U.S. deployed unmanned aircraft (drones) in Yemen to search for and kill him, firing at and failing to kill him at least once. Al-Awlaki was killed on September 30, 2011. In June 2014, a previously classified memorandum from the U.S. Department of Justice was released; the memorandum described al-Awlaki's killing as a lawful act of war. Civil liberties advocates have called
8970-598: The phone or with visitors unless an interpreter was present. Hasan was moved from Brooke Army Medical Center to the Bell County Jail in Belton, Texas , on April 9, 2010. Fort Hood negotiated a renewable $ 207,000 contract with Bell County in March to house Hasan for six months. In a press release, Galligan announced prosecutors would seek the death penalty, stating, "It is the first 'formal notice' but, of course, it
9085-663: The protection of his powerful tribe, the Awlakis, against the government. The tribal code required it to protect those who seek refuge and assistance. This imperative has greater force when the person is a member of the tribe or a tribesman's friend. The tribe's motto is "We are the sparks of Hell; whoever interferes with us will be burned." Al-Awlaki also reportedly helped negotiate deals with leaders of other tribes. Sought by Yemeni authorities who were investigating his al-Qaeda ties, al-Awlaki went into hiding in approximately March 2009, according to his father. By December 2009, al-Awlaki
9200-577: The relationship between al-Awlaki and the Muslim Association of Britain , a Muslim Brotherhood front organization founded by Kemal el-Helbawy , a senior member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood . Al-Awlaki returned to Yemen in early 2004, where he lived in Shabwah Governorate with his wife and five children. He lectured at Iman University , headed by Abdul Majeed al-Zindani . The latter has been included on
9315-505: The relatives' statements; with the deputy director of the American Muslim Armed Forces and Veterans Affairs Council stating the reported harassment was "inconsistent" with their records. Hasan's uncle Rafiq Hamad, a resident of Ramallah in the West Bank , characterized Hasan as gentle and quiet. He fainted while observing childbirth, whence his choice to focus on psychiatry. He was deeply sensitive, and mourned
9430-469: The request under advisement. Judge Gross denied a defense motion seeking a Defense Initiated Victim Outreach specialist to testify, Fort Hood officials said. The new program is intended to help the defense respond to the needs of survivors and victims' families, and possibly change their attitudes if they support the death penalty. Gross also denied a defense request to force prosecutors to provide notes from meetings and conversations with President Barack Obama,
9545-567: The same time Al-Awlaki served as imam, as well as Dar Al-Hijrah (along with a third alleged hijacker). When police investigating the 9/11 attacks raided the Hamburg apartment of Ramzi bin al-Shibh , they found the telephone number of al-Awlaki among bin al-Shibh's personal contacts. Six days after the 9/11 attacks, al-Awlaki suggested in writing on the IslamOnline.net website that Israeli intelligence agents might have been responsible for
9660-476: The screenname 'NidalHasan', posted about suicide bombings in May 2009, although, during this period, government agents did not link the posts to Hasan. The postings by 'NidalHasan' likened a suicide bomber to a soldier falling on a grenade to save his colleagues, to sacrifice for a "noble cause". ABC News reported after the fact, anonymous government agents issued a press-release claiming they were allegedly aware Hasan attempted to contact Al Qaeda, then issued
9775-560: The service and sentenced to death . Hasan is incarcerated at the United States Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leavenworth , Kansas , awaiting execution. Nidal Hasan was born on September 8, 1970, at Virginia Hospital Center in Arlington County , Virginia . His parents were naturalized American citizens of Palestinian origin; they had immigrated years earlier from al-Bireh , a city in
9890-490: The sophisticated Muslim community of Northern Virginia. His proficiency as a public speaker and command of the English language helped him attract followers who did not speak Arabic. "He was the magic bullet", according to the mosque spokesman Johari Abdul-Malik . "He had everything all in a box." Al-Awlaki was considered a moderate during his time at Dar Al-Hijrah, publicly condemned the September 11 attacks and Al-Qaeda ,
10005-458: The suspect "may have had contact [with al-Awlaki]". The Sunday Times established that Abdulmutallab first met al-Awlaki in 2005 in Yemen, while he was studying Arabic . During that time the suspect attended lectures by al-Awlaki. Nidal Hasan Nidal Malik Hasan (born September 8, 1970) is an American former United States Army major , physician and mass murderer convicted of killing 13 people and injuring more than 30 others in
10120-619: The suspects were devoted to al-Awlaki's message, which they listened to online and on CDs. Al-Awlaki's recorded lectures were heard by Islamist fundamentalists in at least six terror cells in the UK through 2009. Michael Finton (Talib Islam), who attempted in September 2009 to bomb the Federal Building and the adjacent offices of Congressman Aaron Schock in Springfield, Illinois, admired al-Awlaki and quoted him on his Myspace page. In addition to his website, al-Awlaki had
10235-701: The territory of the following three prior to the 18th century Lower Aulaqi Sultanate Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom Upper Aulaqi Sultanate Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Aulaqi . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aulaqi&oldid=1228523267 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Arabic-language surnames Hidden categories: Short description
10350-594: The wars after hearing the stories of soldiers he treated in therapy following their return from Afghanistan and Iraq. His aunt said he did not tell the family he was going to Afghanistan. In May 2001, Hasan attended the Dar Al-Hijrah mosque in the Falls Church area for the funeral of his mother and occasionally, attended a mosque in Silver Spring, Maryland , close to where he lived and worked; he
10465-547: The worldwide community of Muslims." The New York Times said at the time that he was "held up as a new generation of Muslim leader capable of merging East and West." In 2010, Fox News and the New York Daily News reported that some months after the 9/11 attacks, a Pentagon employee invited al-Awlaki to a luncheon in the Secretary's Office of General Counsel. The U.S. Secretary of the Army had suggested that
10580-607: Was Abdulmutallab's recruiter and one of his trainers, and met with him prior to the attack. In February 2010, al-Awlaki admitted in an interview published in al-Jazeera that he taught and corresponded with Abdulmutallab, but denied having ordered the attack. Representative Pete Hoekstra , the senior Republican on the House Intelligence Committee , said officials in the Obama administration and officials with access to law enforcement information told him
10695-625: Was a relative. The family returned to Yemen in 1978, when al-Awlaki was seven years old. He lived there for 11 years, and studied at Azal Modern School. In 1991, al-Awlaki went to the U.S. to attend college. He earned a B.S. in civil engineering from Colorado State University (1994), where he was president of the Muslim Student Association . In 1993, while still a college student in Colorado State's civil engineering program, al-Awlaki visited Afghanistan in
10810-450: Was accepted at George Washington University in Washington, D.C., and was soon recruited to be the imam of the nearby suburban Dar al-Hijrah mosque in 2000. One of the mosque's board members who hired Al-Awlaki stated he was convinced that al-Awlaki had no inclinations or activities to do with terrorism. The new imam, who was described as alluring and charming at this time, began to draw young people to Dar Al-Hijrah while connecting with
10925-450: Was arrested with four others on charges of kidnapping a Shiite teenager for ransom, and participating in an al-Qaeda plot to kidnap a U.S. military attaché. He was imprisoned in 2006 and 2007. He was interviewed around September 2007 by two FBI agents with regard to the 9/11 attacks and other subjects. John Negroponte , the U.S. Director of National Intelligence , told Yemeni officials he did not object to al-Awlaki's detention. His name
11040-599: Was banned from entering the United Kingdom. He broadcast lectures to mosques and other venues there via video-link from 2007 to 2009, on at least seven occasions at five locations in Britain. Noor Pro Media Events held a conference at the East London Mosque on January 1, 2009, showing a videotaped lecture by al-Awlaki; former Shadow Home Secretary Dominic Grieve expressed concern over his being featured. He gave video-link talks in England to an Islamic student society at
11155-647: Was delayed by Hasan's objections to being shaved against his will, and his appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces regarding the matter; through his attorneys, Hasan said his beard is part of his religious beliefs . The prosecutors argued Hasan was simply trying to delay his trial. On August 27, the Appeals Court announced the trial could continue, but did not rule whether Hasan could be force-shaved nor did they set
11270-490: Was delayed by technicality disputes. The hearing proceeded on October 14 with witness testimonies from survivors of the attacks. On November 15, the military hearing ended after Galligan declined to offer a defense case, on the grounds the White House and Defense Department refused to release documents he requested pertaining to an intelligence review of the shootings. Neither the defense nor prosecution offered to deliver
11385-472: Was described as socially isolated, stressed by his work with soldiers, and upset about their accounts of warfare. Two days before the shooting, less than a month before he was due to deploy to Afghanistan , Hasan gave away many of his belongings to a neighbor. Prior to the shooting, an investigation conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) concluded Hasan's email correspondence with
11500-569: Was doing graduate work at U.S. universities. His father was a Fulbright Scholar who earned a master's degree in agricultural economics at New Mexico State University in 1971, received a doctorate at the University of Nebraska , and worked at the University of Minnesota from 1975 to 1977. Nasser al-Awlaki served as Agriculture Minister in Ali Abdullah Saleh 's government. He was also President of Sana'a University . Yemen's prime minister from 2007 to 2011, Ali Mohammed Mujur ,
11615-400: Was due to appear for his first broad military hearing into the attack. The hearing, formally called an Article 32 proceeding , akin to a grand jury hearing but open to the public, was expected to span six weeks. The hearing, designed to help the top Army commander at Ft. Hood determine whether there was enough evidence to court-martial Hasan, was scheduled to begin calling witnesses , but
11730-658: Was even invited to speak at the United States Department of Defense and became the first imam to conduct a prayer service for the Congressional Muslim Staffer Association at the U.S. Capitol . He led academic discussions frequented by FBI Director of Counter-Intelligence for the Middle East Gordon M. Snow . Al-Awlaki also served as the Muslim chaplain at George Washington University . Soon after
11845-444: Was exchanging recipes, the bureau should have put out an alert." Al-Awlaki had a website with a blog to share his views. On December 11, 2008, he condemned any Muslim who seeks a religious decree "that would allow him to serve in the armies of the dis-believers and fight against his brothers." The NEFA Foundation says, on December 23, 2008, six days after he said Hasan first e-mailed him, al-Awlaki wrote on his blog: "The bullets of
11960-417: Was fined once more for retaining his beard, and was warned by Judge Colonel Gregory Gross he could be force-shaved prior to his court-martial. On August 15, Hasan was scheduled to enter pleas to the charges brought against him before the beginning of the court-martial; he would not be allowed to plead guilty for the premeditated murder charges because prosecutors pursued the death penalty. The court-martial
12075-426: Was in a coma. On November 9, hospital spokesperson Dewey Mitchell announced Hasan regained consciousness, and was able to talk since he was removed from a ventilator on November 7. On November 13, Hasan's attorney, John Galligan, announced Hasan was paralyzed from the waist down from the bullet wounds to his spine, and would likely never walk. In mid-December, Galligan indicated Hasan was moved from intensive care to
12190-632: Was in prison in Yemen. Al-Awlaki told Begg in an interview shortly after his release that prior to his incarceration in Yemen, he had condemned the 9/11 attacks. In December 2008, al-Awlaki sent a communique to the Somali militant group, al-Shabaab , congratulating them. "He's the most dangerous man in Yemen. He's intelligent, sophisticated, Internet-savvy, and very charismatic. He can sell anything to anyone, and right now he's selling jihad ". — Yemeni official familiar with counterterrorism operations Al-Awlaki provided al-Qaeda members in Yemen with
12305-415: Was no work-related reason for Hasan to be in touch with al-Awlaki. Former CIA officer Bruce Riedel opined: "E-mailing a known al-Qaeda sympathizer should have set off alarm bells. Even if he was exchanging recipes, the bureau should have put out an alert." A DC-based Joint Terrorism Task Force operating under the FBI was notified of the e-mails and reviewed the information. Army employees were informed of
12420-619: Was on a list of 100 prisoners whose release was sought by al-Qaeda-linked militants in Yemen. After 18 months in a Yemeni prison, al-Awlaki was released on December 12, 2007, following the intercession of his tribe. According to a Yemeni security official, he was released because he had repented. He moved to his family home in Saeed, a hamlet in the Shabwa mountains. Moazzam Begg 's Cageprisoners , an organization representing former Guantanamo detainees , campaigned for al-Awlaki's release when he
12535-421: Was on the Yemeni government's most-wanted list. He was believed to be hiding in Yemen's Shabwa or Mareb regions, which are part of the so-called "triangle of evil". The area has attracted al-Qaeda militants, who seek refuge among local tribes unhappy with Yemen's central government. Yemeni sources originally said al-Awlaki might have been killed in a pre-dawn air strike by Yemeni Air Force fighter jets on
12650-407: Was providing evidence to Anwar, not vice versa." In October 2008, Charles Allen , US Undersecretary of Homeland Security for Intelligence and Analysis , warned al-Awlaki "targets US Muslims with radical online lectures encouraging terrorist attacks from his new home in Yemen". Former CIA officer Bruce Riedel says "E-mailing a known al-Qaeda sympathizer should set-off alarm bells. Even if he
12765-858: Was sentenced to eight years in prison for creating a list of 15 potential targets in the US, people he felt had desecrated Islam. Rockwood was a devoted follower of al-Awlaki, and had studied his works Constants on the Path to Jihad and 44 Ways to Jihad . In October 2008, Charles Allen , U.S. Under-Secretary of Homeland Security for Intelligence and Analysis , warned that al-Awlaki "targets U.S. Muslims with radical online lectures encouraging terrorist attacks from his new home in Yemen." Responding to Allen, al-Awlaki wrote on his website in December 2008: "I would challenge him to come up with just one such lecture where I encourage 'terrorist attacks'". Nidal Hasan visited al-Awlaki's mosque for his mother's funeral, at which al-Awlaki presided in 2002. Hasan usually attended
12880-508: Was shot in the leg twice. Department of the Army police officer Mark Todd shot Hasan several times. Todd kicked the pistol out of Hasan's hand, then cuffed Hasan. The attack lasted about ten minutes. To save his life, Hasan was hospitalized in the intensive care unit at Brooke Army Medical Center at Fort Sam Houston in San Antonio , Texas. His condition was described as " stable ". News reports on November 7, 2009, indicated he
12995-406: Was to be deployed to Afghanistan on November 28. Hasan told a local store owner he was stressed about his imminent deployment to Afghanistan since his work as a psychologist might require him to fight or kill fellow Muslims. In a press-release from Jeff Sadoski, spokesman for U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison , "Hasan was upset about his deployment". Hasan gave away furniture from his home on
13110-414: Was treated like a Muslim, like an Arab, rather than an American; he was discriminated against." In August 2009, according to a Killeen police report, someone vandalized Hasan's automobile with a key; repair was estimated at $ 1000. Police charged a soldier; a neighbor claimed the vehicle was vandalized because of Hasan's religion. According to military records, Hasan was unmarried. However, David Cook,
13225-560: Was well-known by the Imam for over a decade. Faizul Khan, the former Imam of the Silver Spring mosque where Hasan prayed several times a week, said he was "a reserved guy with a nice personality. We discussed religious matters. Politics were never brought up. He is Muslim." Khan said Hasan often expressed his wish to get married, and the Imam said, "I got the impression he was a committed soldier." Air Force Lt. Col. Dr. Val Finnell,
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