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73-700: Responsibility for the province's Human Rights Code was originally divided between the BC Human Rights Commission , which was responsible for investigation and compliance, and the Tribunal, which was solely an adjudicative body . In 2003, the government of Gordon Campbell abolished the Commission as well as the BC Human Rights Advisory Council as a cost-saving measure while expanding the responsibilities of

146-522: A body of the National Justice Council published the rules to be followed by registry offices concerning the subject. As Canada is a federation, legal gender recognition procedures vary from province to province. At the federal level, Canadians can apply to have the gender marker on their passports changed via self-identification. In Québec, the legal recognition process has worked on an affidavit process since 2015. In 2021, however,

219-516: A contract with the women for the use of their facilities, and then cancelled when he became aware that it was for a same-sex wedding reception. The two women said they were unaware that the facility was affiliated with the Catholic Church . The tribunal ruled the council would be within its rights to refuse to rent the hall based on their religious convictions, but awarded damages to the women "for injury to dignity, feelings and self-respect" as

292-662: A court order to exempt them from the normal requirement to be at least 18. In late-January 2018, over 1000 Irish feminists, including several groups such as the University College Dublin Centre of Gender, Feminisms & Sexualities, signed an open letter condemning a planned meeting in Ireland on UK Gender Recognition Act reforms organised by a British group opposing the reforms. The letter stated that "Trans people and particularly trans women are an inextricable part of our feminist community" and accused

365-789: A fast, easy and inexpensive manner" and that "legislation to protect [sexual and gender minority] rights in South America have undergone fundamental and positive transformations" in the 2010s. However, the study also found that "transgender people are unable to change their gender in public records and legal documents in several Latin America and the Caribbean countries – mostly in the Caribbean and Mesoamerica." Argentina , Brazil , Chile , Colombia , Costa Rica , Ecuador and Uruguay have self-identification laws, as well as several Canadian provinces and Mexican and American states. In 2012,

438-647: A low support for selfID in Sweden. Only 15% of respondents were positive and among the most critical were parents of minors still living at home. In 2021, a citizen's initiative to change the law on legal gender recognition in Finland to a basis of self-determination received 50,000 signatures and was referred to the Finnish Parliament's Committee on Social Affairs and Health. Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin had previously expressed support for moving to

511-492: A mask due to a protected characteristic such as disability. In August 2021, the BCHRT ruled that persons with a disability claiming exemption from mask requirements are required to inform the service provider that they require "some form of disability-related accommodation," but don't need to divulge specific details about their disability for privacy reasons. Human Rights Code (British Columbia) The Human Rights Code

584-468: A minimum age of 14, though those 14 through 16 need parental approval. A previous bill giving children total freedom of legal gender recognition had been rejected in May. Some LGBTQ+ campaigners criticized the new bill for having age limits and for not having provision for non-Spanish residents and non-binary identities. A collective of about 50 feminist groups opposed the bill, concerned about "protection of

657-570: A modification of the Swiss Civil Code. It does not allow a change to a nonbinary gender. In Great Britain (but not Northern Ireland ), the Equality Act 2010 provides protection from discrimination under the protected characteristic of "gender re-assignment," which includes "any stage in the transition process – from proposing to reassign your gender, to undergoing a process to reassign your gender, or having completed it," This

730-807: A new identity card within 30 days. In 2007, in the Sunil Babu Pant and Others v. Nepal Government court case on LGBT+ rights, the Supreme Court of Nepal legally established a gender category called "other". The Supreme Court stated that the criteria for identifying one's gender is based on the individual's self-identification. However, gender recognition laws in Nepal have since faced criticism, as they only allow gender markers to be changed from "M" (male) or "F" (female) to "O" (other). There are no provisions allowing transgender women to have an "F" marker or transgender men having an "M" marker. Under

803-534: A parliamentary committee and subsequently approved by the Parliament on 13 April 2018. However, President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa vetoed the bill. Later in 2018, the Parliament adopted the bill with changes with regards to sex changes by minors aged 16 and 17, suggested by the President in his veto message. This time around, the President signed the bill on 31 July. It was published as Act No. 38/2018 in

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876-545: A proposal was developed under Theresa May 's government to revise the Act to introduce self-identification, but it was dropped in 2020 after opposition. Instead, Boris Johnson's government reduced the cost of application to £5, and the procedure to apply was moved online. In 2018, a YouGov poll for PinkNews of 1688 people across the United Kingdom found that 18% favoured self-identification, 58% said medical approval

949-499: A psychological examination attesting that the petitioner consents the decision is required. The law took effect on 1 August 2016. The Supreme Federal Court ruled on March 1, 2018, that a transgender person has the right to change their official name and sex without the need of surgery or professional evaluation, just by self-declaration of their psychosocial identity. On June 29, the Corregedoria Nacional de Justiça,

1022-506: A report titled Only adults? Good practices in legal gender recognition for youth , written along with IGLYO , an international network of LGBT+ student and youth organizations, and the Thomson Reuters Foundation . The report examined the status of legal gender recognition for minors in several European countries, and describes itself as a "powerful tool for activists". Based on international human rights standards ,

1095-446: A result of the cancellation of the contract. In 2007, McDonald's Restaurants of Canada was ordered to pay an employee $ 50,000 plus interest to compensate her for lost income, dignity and self-respect. The employee was a long-time employee at a Vancouver McDonald's restaurant who eventually acquired a skin condition which made hand washing painful. McDonald's corporate policy, BC's Health Act and its Food Premises Regulation, along with

1168-659: A self-determination system. On 1 February 2023, Finland's Parliament voted 113–69 in favor of gender self-identification. In May 2016, the Left Bloc introduced a bill to allow legal gender change solely based on self-determination. Similar bills were introduced by the People–Animals–Nature party and the Costa Government in November 2016 and May 2017, respectively. They were merged into one measure by

1241-554: A simpler procedure for obtaining an identity certificate from the district magistrate. In the present Rules, there is a single form to assert either a transgender or trans-binary status. However, a medical intervention is requisite for the latter. In November 2020, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment launched an online portal for changes of gender marker. In the new portal, applicants are required to register an affidavit self-declaring their third gender and subsequently receive

1314-561: A third, non-binary gender marker on California birth certificates, drivers' licenses, and identity cards. Since 2019, transgender people can self-identify their gender and update their legal name, without approval from a judge after the approval of the Comprehensive Law for Trans Persons ( Spanish : Ley Integral Para Personas Trans ). Sex reassignment surgery , hormone therapy or any form of diagnosis are not requirements to alter one's gender on official documents. In India,

1387-494: Is transgender . In their defence, estheticians said they lacked training on waxing male genitalia and they were not comfortable doing so for personal or religious reasons. Thus, for them, being transgender was not the issue, but having male genitalia. Oral arguments were heard on five separate dates in July 2019. The case garnered significant international attention, including a segment on Tucker Carlson 's Fox News channel show. It

1460-575: Is a major goal of the transgender rights movement . Advocates of self-identification say that medical requirements are intrusive and humiliating gatekeeping , that they could force transgender people into undergoing surgery, and that self-identification would make it easier for transgender people to live day-to-day without prejudice. Advocates also argue that there is no evidence that such laws have caused problems in countries where they have been introduced, such as in Ireland , where self-identification

1533-416: Is a provincial law in the province of British Columbia , Canada that gives all people equal rights and opportunities without discrimination in specific areas such as jobs, housing and services. The code's goal is to prevent discrimination and harassment because of race , colour , sex , gender identity or expression , sexual orientation , disability , creed , age and other grounds. The Code

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1606-742: Is available in India , Nepal , Bangladesh , Colombia , Argentina , Australia , New Zealand and some American states. In April 2015, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe adopted Resolution 2048 (2015), within which "the Assembly calls on Member States to ... develop quick, transparent and accessible procedures, based on self-determination ... available for all people who seek to use them, irrespective of age, medical status, financial situation or police record". In 2015,

1679-640: Is not equivalent to gender self identification and allows providers of sex-segregated services to deny access to transgender people on a case-by-case basis of "a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim". In 2016, the House of Commons ' Women and Equalities Committee issued a report recommending that the Gender Recognition Act 2004 be updated "in line with the principles of gender self-declaration". Later in 2016, in England and Wales ,

1752-646: Is subject to judicial review by the Supreme Court of British Columbia . The Code does not apply to federally-regulated activities, such as aeronautics and telecommunications. They are subject to the Canadian Human Rights Act . Gender self-identification Gender self-identification or gender self-determination is the concept that a person's legal sex or gender is determined by their gender identity without any medical requirements, such as via statutory declaration . It

1825-606: The 2021 German federal election , the new government , a traffic light coalition led by the Social Democratic Party and with the Free Democratic Party and The Greens , announced plans to introduce legal gender recognition via self-declaration as part of the coalition agreement. The government formally proposed a self-determination bill in June 2022. In April 2024, Germany 's parliament passed

1898-552: The BC Centre for Disease Control , require or recommend rigorous hygiene policies on the part of food handlers. At McDonald's restaurants all staff members, including the manager, are required to handle food. McDonald's granted the employee disability leave three times while she consulted doctors and tried various lotions, but after two and on half years, the employee was dismissed from her job. The tribunal ruled McDonald's had not done enough to accommodate her skin condition. In 2018,

1971-597: The Conservative -led Solberg Government in Norway introduced the Gender Recognition Act which allows legal gender changes without psychiatric or psychological evaluation, diagnosis or medical intervention, by people aged at least 16. Minors aged between 6 and 16 may transition with parental consent. The bill was approved by a vote of 79–13 by Parliament on 6 June, supported by the Conservative Party ,

2044-460: The Gender Recognition Act 2015 which permits an Irish citizen to change their gender on government documents through self-determination. The law does not require any medical intervention by the applicant nor an assessment by the state. Such changes are possible through self-determination for any person aged 18 or over who is ordinarily resident in Ireland and/or registered on Irish registers of birth or adoption. Persons aged 16 to 18 years must secure

2117-802: The Labour Party , the Progress Party , the Liberal Party , the Socialist Left Party and the Green Party . It was promulgated on 17 June and took effect on 1 July 2016. The act was hailed as an important milestone for LGBTIQ+ rights by LGBTIQ+ rights organizations such as the Norwegian Organisation for Sexual and Gender Diversity , by Amnesty International and by the feminist movement, notably by

2190-971: The Legislative Assembly of Mexico City unanimously (46–0) approved a gender identity law. The law makes it easier for transgender people to change their legal gender. Under the new law, they simply have to notify the Civil Registry that they wish to change the gender information on their birth certificates. Sex reassignment surgery , psychological therapies or any other type of diagnosis are no longer required. The law took effect in early 2015. As of November 2024, 22 other states have followed suit. These states include: Michoacán (2017), Nayarit (2017), Coahuila (2018), Hidalgo (2019), San Luis Potosí (2019), Colima (2019), Oaxaca (2019), Tlaxcala (2019), Chihuahua (2019), Sonora (2020), Jalisco (2020), Quintana Roo (2020), Puebla (2021), Baja California Sur (2021),

2263-590: The Ley de Género made Argentina the "only country that allows people to change their gender identities without facing barriers such as hormone therapy , surgery or psychiatric diagnosis that labels them as having an abnormality". In 2015, the World Health Organization cited Argentina as an exemplary country for providing transgender rights. A 2018 paper in the Journal of Human Rights analyzing

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2336-645: The Norwegian Association for Women's Rights . In 2019, Icelandic Prime Minister Katrín Jakobsdóttir proposed a bill to introduce gender recognition via statutory declaration in the country. The bill was passed by the Althing by a vote of 45–0, with three abstentions. In 2015, the Löfven Government in Sweden introduced a bill allowing legal gender change without any form of psychiatric or psychological evaluation as well as removing

2409-745: The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights stated that "abusive requirements as a precondition of recognition — for example, by requiring ... forced gender reassignment and other medical procedures" are "in violation of international human rights standards" and in 2018, Victor Madrigal-Borloz , the United Nations Independent Expert on Protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity , stated that "the right to self-determine one's gender

2482-547: The Selbstbestimmungsgesetz which permits a German citizen to change their gender on government documents through self-determination. The law entered into force in November 2024. Persons aged 16 to 18 years can change their gender on government documents in the presence of their parents. For persons under 16, the parents can change the gender entry of their child. On 15 July 2015, the Oireachtas passed

2555-612: The State of Mexico (2021) Morelos (2021), Baja California (2022), Sinaloa (2022), Zacatecas (2022), Yucatán (2024), and Campeche (2024) As the United States is a federation, legal gender recognition laws vary from state to state. As of July 2021, 21 states (as well as the District of Columbia ) allow the gender marker on drivers licences to be updated on a self-declaration basis and as of April 2020, 10 states allow

2628-739: The Supreme Court affirmed the right to self-determination in two 2014 cases. The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019 recognizes the right to self-perceived gender identity, thus allowing transgender people to register themselves under a third gender ( transgender ). Applications must be made to the District Magistrate, who can issue a certificate of identity as a Transgender Person and update all documents (Section 5-6). However, identification as male or female can only be issued once proof of gender confirmation surgery or medical intervention (Section 7). The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Rules, 2020, lays down

2701-613: The Transgender Person (Protection of Rights) Act 2018 ( Urdu : مُتَجَنَّس افراد کے لیے (تحفظ حقوق) قانون 2018ء ), Pakistanis may choose to self-identify as male, female, both or neither. They may express their gender according to their own preferences, and they may have their gender identity of choice reflected on their documents, "including National Identification Cards, passports, driver's licenses and education certificates." As of November 2024, 12 countries have legal gender recognition procedures based on self-determination of

2774-627: The United Kingdom . Within countries organized as federations, such as Australia , Canada and Mexico , legal gender recognition may principally fall under sub-national jurisdiction, and may vary from province to province. Within a single jurisdiction, legal gender recognition procedures can be different for different documents, such as birth certificates or passports, and is not always the sole determinant of gender recognition in day-to-day life, such as in healthcare, access to facilities, or in personal relations. Third gender self-determination

2847-631: The 2017 ND v Attorney General of Botswana and Another case, the High Court of Botswana ruled that the government should "ensure that procedures exist whereby all State-issued identity documents which indicate a person’s gender/sex reflect the person’s self-identified gender identity." A 2018 study in BMC International Health and Human Rights found that "the majority of countries from South America allow their transgender citizens to change name and gender in legal documents with

2920-575: The Belgian federal parliament passed a law allowing people to change their legal gender via statutory declaration, without any medical intervention being required. To do so, a person must first sign a statutory declaration in front of a civil officer and then wait three months before second statutory declaration confirming the change. In 2019, a bill was drafted to allow transgender people to change their legal sex. The legislation would allow transgender people over 18 to right to change their legal gender on

2993-588: The British group of colonialism. Applicants can change their official documents by simply filing an affidavit with a notary, eliminating any requirement for medical gender reassignment procedures under the Gender Identity, Gender Expression and Sex Characteristics Act ( Maltese : Att dwar l-Identità tal-Ġeneru, l-Espressjoni tal-Ġeneru u l-Karatteristiċi tas-Sess ), enacted in April 2015. In June 2014,

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3066-636: The Coalition Avenir Québec government introduced Bill 2 , which would re-introduce a requirement for surgical procedures. After that provision provoked heavy controversy, Québec Minister of Justice Simon Jolin-Barrette announced that he would be withdrawing that requirement from the bill. In 2017, Newfoundland and Labrador abolished the medical letter requirement, moving to a self-declaration process. In 2018, Alberta changed its legal gender recognition laws to allow people to self-declare their legal gender through an affidavit , eliminating

3139-499: The Danish Parliament voted 59–52 to remove the requirement of a mental disorder diagnosis and surgery with irreversible sterilization during the process of a legal sex change. Since 1 September 2014, Danes over 18 years of age who wish to apply for a legal sex change can do so by stating that they want to change their documentation, followed by a six-month-long "reflection period" to confirm the request. On 18 March 2016,

3212-793: The Tribunal awarded over $ 173,000 in total to seven former employees of the Spruce Hill Resort and Spa in Cariboo , who said the owner discriminated against them because they were Caucasian. Tribunal chair Diana Juricevic found "that over a period of months, the owner repeatedly said that he wanted to replace Caucasian employees with ethnically Chinese employees to reduce labour costs." All the complainants had either quit or were fired in August 2016. In 2018, Jessica Yaniv filed discrimination complaints against 13 waxing salons alleging that they refused to provide Brazilian waxes to her because she

3285-510: The Tribunal enacted an emergency pause on processing complaints related to face mask requirements. It went into effect on March 31, 2022 until further notice. Processing of mask-related complaints resumed in April 2023. In 2005, the Tribunal ordered a Knights of Columbus council in Port Coquitlam , BC, to pay damages of $ 1,000 to a lesbian couple for discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. The council's hall manager had signed

3358-791: The Tribunal. In 2018, however, changes to the Human Rights Code re-established British Columbia's Human Rights Commissioner, this time as an independent officer of the Legislature , to address issues of systemic discrimination , including by intervening in Tribunal proceedings. During the COVID-19 pandemic , the BCHRT was "overwhelmed" with complaints related to mask-wearing requirements and COVID-19 vaccine mandates, contributing to significant delays. The BCHRT received 2,431 new complaints in 2020, nearly double its operating capacity of 1,000-1,200 complaints annually. On March 21, 2022,

3431-587: The ability to change their legal gender. In November 2020, refugee claimants became able to change their legal gender federally. In March 2021, temporary residents were afforded the same right (without requiring a change to their passport). Since 2019, the Gender Identity Law (21,120) recognizes the right to self-perceived gender identity , allowing transgender people over 14 years to change their name and gender on all official documents without prohibitive requirements. For persons over 18 years of age,

3504-446: The basis of self-determination, without a diagnosis, hormonal treatment or sex reassignment surgery . As of October 2021, the bill was still in draft status. In June 2021, Germany 's parliament voted down two self-identification bills. One of the bills also permitted sex reassignment surgery on children starting at age 14 regardless of parental objection and would have introduced a fine of €2,500 for misgendering . Following

3577-587: The bill. The Sweden Democrats said they would oppose the bill, while the Moderate Party and the Christian Democrats said they would wait until the bill was formally tabled in Parliament to decide their position. A 2021 study by Sifo and commissioned by RFSL found that 61% of Swedes supported moving to a system of self-declaration, with 71% of women and 51% of men in support of the change. A more recent poll by Fokus Novus however, showed

3650-576: The change is requested by submitting a request to the Civil Registry and Identification Service , without being required to prove hormone replacement therapy, undergo sex reassignment surgery or any medical requirements. Children under 18 and over 14 years old must complete the process before family courts and have the permission and support of their representatives. Although the request for minors does not include medical reports, it does require that it have to be accompanied by background information on

3723-418: The conditions for a human rights complaint, and then leveraged that complaint to pursue a financial settlement from parties who were unsophisticated and unlikely to mount a proper defence", and admonished her for using human rights law as a "weapon" to "penalize" marginalized women with a racial animus and for filing in such a volume for financial gain. For this reason, the court ruled not only that, since none of

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3796-423: The documents and internal records of transgender people who wish to have their name, photograph or sex changed according to self-declaration. The decree applies to passports, driving licenses, ID documents, work permits, university identification, etc. In December 2018, Alvarado signed another executive order extending this right to immigrants . Since 2016, Ecuadorians are allowed to change their “sex” marker in

3869-462: The factors that lead to the creation of the law found that "more institutionalized group played a major role in getting the issue on the agenda, while a more radical challenger coalition was crucial in developing and advancing the ground-breaking content." The Gender Identity law allows individuals over 18 to legally change their name, gender and photography on legal documents. No surgeries, hormone therapy or judicial order are required, nevertheless,

3942-538: The gender marker on birth certificates to be updated on a self-declaration basis. At the federal level, since June 2021, the gender marker on passports operates on a system of gender self-identification. In 2017, the California state legislature passed California's Gender Recognition Act (SB 179), removing the requirements for a physician's statement and mandatory court hearing for gender change petitions, allowing change based on an affidavit. The Act also implemented

4015-462: The most successful techniques included targeting younger politicians and political parties' youth wings, emphasizing the depathologization and human rights aspects of reform, the use of individuals' stories to humanize the campaign, intervening early in the political process, and strong collaboration between groups. Although there is no current legislation on legal gender recognition in Botswana, in

4088-653: The official journal on 7 August 2018 and took effect the next day on 8 August. Spain passed gender self-identification in February 2023, via the Ley Trans passed by the Congress of Deputies . The draft had been in the making since 2021, as a part of a political agreement between the Socialist Party and its junior coalition partner Unidas Podemos , En Comú Podem , and Galicia en Común . It set

4161-561: The person: Belgium , Denmark , Finland , Germany , Iceland , Ireland , Luxembourg , Malta , Norway , Portugal , Spain and Switzerland . In France and Greece a court permission is required. In 2014, Amnesty International stated that "many transgender people in Europe continue to struggle to have their gender legally recognised" and that trans people "should be able to obtain legal gender recognition through quick, accessible and transparent procedures and in accordance with their own perceptions of gender identity." In 2017,

4234-437: The personal identity document for a “gender” marker as masculine or feminine. The person who wants to change the word "sex" for "gender" in the identity card shall present two witnesses to accredit the self-determination of the applicant. To change the “sex” marker in the civil registry, they must have a judicial order. As Mexico is a federation, legal gender recognition procedures vary from state to state. On 13 November 2014,

4307-434: The process by which adults over 18 can legally change their gender. The decree, signed by the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of the Interior , says the gender change is justified by a person's individual choice; it eliminates the requirement for psychiatric or physical examinations. In 2016, a bill allowing transgender people to legally change their name and gender without the need for surgery or judicial permission

4380-457: The psychosocial and family context. The Law guarantees as basic principles non-pathologization, non-arbitrary discrimination, confidentiality, dignity in treatment, the best interests of the child and progressive autonomy. Since 2015, transgender people may change their legal gender and name manifesting their solemn will before a notary, no surgeries or judicial order required. The Colombian Government issued Decree 1227 on June 4, 2015, to simplify

4453-404: The report argued that people under the age of 18 should have the right to legal gender recognition based on self-declaration, that a third gender marker should be recognized, that trans healthcare should be publicly accessible, and that discrimination based on gender identity should be illegal. The report also examined campaigns to reform legal gender recognition laws in those countries, arguing that

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4526-725: The report, Amnesty argued that many European countries had legal gender recognition laws that were based on stereotypical gender norms and that violated individuals' rights to "private and family life, to recognition before the law, to highest attainable standard of health and to be free from cruel, inhuman and degrading treatments without discrimination on grounds of gender identity and expression." The report further argued that "transgender people should be able to obtain legal gender recognition through quick, accessible and transparent procedures and in accordance with their own perceptions of gender identity." To mark Transgender Awareness Week in November 2019, multinational law firm Dentons produced

4599-524: The requirement for a letter from a psychiatrist. In 2019, Nova Scotia moved to an affidavit process, eliminating the medical letter requirement. In 2022, British Columbia eliminated the medical letter requirement for legal gender changes for adults. There still remains barriers to legal gender recognition for people born outside of Canada. As of October 2021, half of the provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, and Saskatchewan), and all territories, do not offer anyone not born there

4672-429: The requirement of a diagnosis or any kind of medical intervention. However, the proposals than stagnated in early draft form for several years. In November 2021, the Swedish government announced that it had prepared a new draft bill that would implement self-determination by 2024. The Green Party said that they would vote in favour of the bill, while the Centre Party , Left Party , and Liberals expressed support for

4745-426: The salons advertised waxing services for male genitals, they did not discriminate against Yaniv on the basis of her gender identity, but also rejected the complaint regarding the refusal to wax Yaniv's arms and legs. Yaniv's application for the tribunal to reconsider its decision was denied. On January 7, 2020, the Justice Centre for Constitutional Freedoms , which had represented three of the respondents, announced it

4818-497: The specific rights against gender-based oppression". In May 2018, the Federal Council proposed amending Swiss legislation to allow transgender individuals to change their registered gender and first name(s) without " red tape ", simply by making a declaration to civil status registry officials. In late 2020, the bill was passed by the Swiss Parliament, with all individuals over the age 16 allowed legal gender recognition via self-declaration from 1 January 2022. The bill consisted in

4891-437: Was a fundamental part of a person's freedom and a cornerstone of the person's identity" and that states' obligations included "adopting legal measures such as being based on self-determination [and] ensuring that minors have access to recognition of their gender identity". In 2014, Amnesty International released a report titled The state decides who I am: Lack of Legal Gender Recognition For Transgender People in Europe . In

4964-412: Was also cited as a factor in the Australian Liberal-National Coalition 's decision to oppose a proposed gender self-identification law in Victoria, Australia . In October 2019, the Tribunal ruled against Yaniv and ordered her to pay $ 6,000 in restitution split equally among three of the female service providers. The ruling was critical of Yaniv, stating that she "targeted small businesses, manufactured

5037-438: Was enacted in 1973. Before that date, various laws dealt with different kinds of discrimination. The code brought them together into one law and added some new protections. The British Columbia Human Rights Tribunal is the administrative, quasi-judicial tribunal tasked with hearing complaints that the Code has been violated. It has the power to grant damages and specific performance to remedy discriminatory acts. The BCHRT

5110-657: Was introduced in 2015. Self-identification is opposed by some feminists , who consider safety in places like refuges and prisons, and fairness in sports , to be adversely affected. As of November 2024, gender self-identification, where no judge or medical expert are involved, is part of the law in 21 countries: Argentina , Belgium , Brazil , Chile , Colombia , Costa Rica , Denmark , Ecuador , Finland , Germany , Iceland , Ireland , Luxembourg , Malta , New Zealand , Norway , Pakistan , Portugal , Spain , Switzerland and Uruguay . Proposals to introduce it have proved controversial in some countries, such as

5183-423: Was introduced to the Legislative Assembly. In June 2017, the bill advanced to the Human Rights Committee, and the Supreme Electoral Tribunal endorsed the bill, but it was ultimately unsuccessful. Following a January 2018 Inter-American Court of Human Rights ruling and the 2018 Costa Rican general election , President Carlos Alvarado Quesada issued an executive decree requiring all state institutions to modify

5256-401: Was needed, with the remainder undecided. A 2018 government consultation received 102,833 submissions from the public; of these, 39% were submitted via an online form set up by equality charity Stonewall , 7% via a form set up by feminist organisation Level Up, and 18% from a form set up by women's campaign group Fair Play for Women . Out of these submissions, 64% said that there should not be

5329-453: Was representing another salon in an additional complaint filed by Yaniv in early October 2019. In August 2020, Yaniv filed a civil suit against the three previous respondents for $ 11,800. The BCHRT established strict requirements for complaints related to mask-wearing requirements. It clarified that the Human Rights Code does not cover objections to mask mandates on grounds of someone's personal beliefs, but does protect people unable to wear

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