68-566: Bolivar is an outer northern suburb of Adelaide , South Australia . It is located in the City of Salisbury . The Bolivar was a barque built in 1826 in Monmouth by shipbuilder William Lambert. Measuring 108 feet 6 inches in length, 28 feet 2 inches in beam, and 19 feet 10 inches in depth, the vessel had a tonnage of 386. The Bolivar was registered in London under the ownership of Fenwick. One of
136-737: A dual name , is Yertabulti . Prior to European settlement Port Adelaide was covered with mangrove swamps and tidal mud flats, and lay next to a narrow creek. At this time, it was inhabited by the Kaurna people , who occupied the Adelaide Plains , the Barossa Valley , the western side of the Fleurieu Peninsula , and northwards past Snowtown . The Kaurna people called the Port Adelaide area 'Yertabulti', and
204-543: A butcher's shop. During the 1920s it became a pharmacy specialising in photographic materials and "Kirby's Calcarea Teething Powders". Medical suites were leased upstairs. It was bought by Birks Chemists in 1946, and remained a pharmacy until 1996. From then to at least 2001 the building was vacant. On the corner of Dale street is a building that was opened by the Port Adelaide Market Company in 1879, divided into shops, offices and stalls. Part of
272-599: A canal (sea communication) between Port Adelaide and the City of Adelaide. The canal was not built; it would have required a massive investment that was not available at the time. A plan of a proposed "Grand Junction Canal" between Adelaide and the North Arm, by engineer Edward Snell was produced in 1851, with an exhibition of his "A Bird's Eye View of the Country Between Adelaide and the North Arm", showing
340-545: A historical plaque and mosaic was strategically placed in a prominent location by the City of Salisbury on the corner of Victoria Dr and Port Wakefield Rd, carefully chosen to commemorate the significant event that occurred on 13 March 1910, known as the Wittber hop. Bolivar lies beside Barker Inlet and is bounded on the south by the Little Para River and on the east by Port Wakefield Road . The 2006 Census by
408-583: A hop caused by a gust of wind known as the Wittber hop, four days later Frederic Custance made Australia's first monoplane flight on the 17 March 1910 in a paddock in Bolivar, South Australia. In the depicted scene, the City of Salisbury celebrates its heritage with a plaque and mosaic commemorating the Wittber Hop, highlighting the achievements of Australia's first pioneering flights. Suburbs and localities (Australia) Suburbs and localities are
476-601: A larger city. The Australian usage is closer to the American or British use of "district" or "neighbourhood", and can be used to refer to any portion of a city. Unlike the use in British or American English, this term can include inner-city, outer-metropolitan and industrial areas. Localities existed in the past as informal units, but in 1996 the Intergovernmental Committee on Surveying and Mapping and
544-528: A month before the line to Adelaide was opened. The hotel retains many original features including leadlight windows and an 1890s glass fanlight . Two six-room houses were built on the corner of Cannon Street and Church Place in 1873. They were converted into a single building and opened as the Kent Hotel in 1875. The building's exterior was restyled in Art Deco fashion in the 1940s and the interior of
612-552: A parcel was ceremonially landed from the barque Guiana . Upon opening, the port could accommodate vessels up to 530 long tons (539 t). In May 1841 John Hill became the original holder of the land grant for all the land south of St Vincent Street, reaching to Tam O'Shanter Creek (later the Port Canal), comprising 134 acres and known as Section 2112. Much of this land was a tidal mangrove swamp, being reclaimed by successive owners over many decades. During reclamation work,
680-550: A place to house a library and provide a reading room, museum, lecture hall and classrooms for the area. Gas street lighting was erected by the local council in 1881. The town received its first electric lighting in January 1889, lit with the colony's first town supply from a powerhouse in Nile Street. By 1876 it was estimated that there were 5,000 living in 500 houses. More measured figures were 3,013 residents recorded in
748-501: A risk of inundation when the tide was very high. By 1840 it had acquired the name "Port Misery"; the name was widely used in news reports. It was first coined in a book credited to T. Horton James, probably a pseudonym, and comes from a line stating: This is Port Adelaide! Port Misery would be a better name; for nothing in any other part of the world can surpass it in every thing that is wretched and inconvenient. The original drawings of Adelaide City Plan by Light show that he envisaged
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#1732787742594816-598: A settler who had arrived in South Australia in 1850 on the sailing ship Bolivar . According to Ronald Praite, Bolivar, South Australia, took its name from the old General Bolivar Hotel, taken from the Sailing ship Bolivar that may have been named after Simon Bolivar, a Venezuelan soldier who led the revolutions against Spanish rule and liberated several South American countries from the Spanish empire. Simon Bolivar
884-478: A significant reconstruction programme, changing the face of the inner harbour's waterfront. The introduction of containerisation in the 1960s had a major impact on the Port, changing cargo handling methods and significantly reducing the size of the local workforce. Compounding the effect of a declining workforce on business activity, competition for shoppers arrived in the form of regional shopping centres. Up until
952-568: A warehouse and roadway. The roadway was to be a 100 feet (30 m) wide and run from the port to dry land, a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6 km). This first wharf was built near the end of the modern Commercial Road. The wharf, known as McLaren Wharf, was finished in 1840 and named after David McLaren , company manager of the South Australian Company. McLaren Wharf was 336 feet (102 m) long and 15 feet (4.6 m) deep at low tide. Contrary to usual practice, it
1020-572: A woolstore for Goldsbrough Mort & Co sometime before 1929. The Port Adelaide Enfield Council Offices building, designed by Christopher Arthur Smith and built as Port Adelaide Town Hall in 1939, was heritage-listed on the South Australian Heritage Register on 24 July 1980. The earliest recorded was the Port Hotel. It opened in 1838, two years before the port was officially declared. Three years later
1088-417: Is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the main port for the city of Adelaide. Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades of Adelaide and South Australia , with the port being early Adelaide's main supply and information link to the rest of the world. Its Kaurna name, although not officially adopted as
1156-472: Is an important recruitment area for Blue swimmer crabs, Western king prawns and other commercially important species. The river also features established colonies of a wide variety of introduced marine organisms which originally arrived in South Australia in or on ships. Over 30 introduced marine species have so far been identified in the river. Port Adelaide is bound by the Port River and Inner Harbour to
1224-497: Is not used for irrigation of market gardens or reticulation at Mawson Lakes is discharged via an open outfall channel 11 km long near St Kilda at the northern end of the Barker Inlet . Water to be reused passes through an additional Dissolved Air Flotation and Filtration (DAFF) plant commissioned in 1999, and Mawson Lakes reticulated water also receives additional chlorination. The High Salinity Waste Water Treatment Plant
1292-462: Is on the Bolivar site, but otherwise a separate facility that replaced a facility at Port Adelaide in 2005. There is a dedicated pumped trunk sewer delivering the raw sewage from the former site to Bolivar. it is 17 km long with a diameter of 900mm. Bolivar's treated wastewater contains pollutants that enter the Port River estuary. In 2018-19 the most significant pollutants discharged to
1360-472: Is split between the City of Newcastle and City of Lake Macquarie LGAs; and Woodville , which is split between the City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council LGAs. In unincorporated areas , localities are declared by the relevant state authority. Port Adelaide Port Adelaide is a port-side region of Adelaide , approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of the Adelaide CBD . It
1428-521: The Australian Bureau of Statistics counted 119 persons in Bolivar on census night. Of these, 63.9% were male and 36.1% were female. The majority of residents (69.7%) are of Australian birth, with an additional 13.4% claiming England as their country of birth. The age distribution of Bolivar residents is skewed towards an older population compared to the greater Australian population: 94.1% of residents were over 25 years in 2006, compared to
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#17327877425941496-1006: The Committee for Geographical Names in Australasia (CGNA) decided to name and establish official boundaries for all localities and suburbs. There has subsequently been a process to formally define their boundaries and to gazette them, which is almost complete. In March 2006, only South Australia and the Northern Territory had not completed this process. The CGNA's Gazetteer of Australia recognises two types of locality: bounded and unbounded. Bounded localities include towns, villages, populated places, local government towns and unpopulated town sites, while unbounded localities include place names, road corners and bends, corners, meteorological stations, ocean place names and surfing spots. Sometimes, both localities and suburbs are referred to collectively as "address localities". In
1564-628: The Northern Expressway now crosses the railway (and several kilometres from Bolivar). There is still a crossing loop in the vicinity. Bolivar is serviced by Port Wakefield Road , part of the National Highway , and the North–South Motorway , Adelaide's under construction major north–south road route. On the 13 March 1910 during taxiing test by Mr.Wittber the plane (A Bleriot monoplane) became unexpectantly airborne in
1632-633: The $ 400 million Techport naval construction hub at Osborne (next to the Australian Submarine Corporation 's facility) to underpin the development of the Navy's $ 8 billion Air Warfare Destroyer program and other naval construction projects. Techport features the largest ship lift in the Southern Hemisphere. In 2015–16 Quest Hotel Consortium built a $ 25 million apartment building on the corner of McLaren Wharf and
1700-500: The 1800s harbour facilities expanded and the town grew. It gained an impressive range of commercial and institutional buildings. Many have survived, resulting in Port Adelaide having one of the best concentrations of colonial buildings in South Australia. Their significance was recognised in May 1982, when a sizeable part of the town centre was declared a State Heritage Area. Prominent South Australian architect F. Kenneth Milne designed
1768-601: The 1881 census and 5005—living in approximately 1000 houses—recorded in the 1891 census. By 1911 the port was the State's second largest city and had a population over half that of Adelaide city. Due to the presence of the Jewish community at the time the east side of Todd Street became known colloquially as "Jerusalem" or "Little Jerusalem". Beginning in the 1880s a strong Scandinavian community lived in Port Adelaide largely due to their affiliation with sea-faring trades. In 1883
1836-423: The 1960s the Port had been second only to Adelaide as a shopping and commercial precinct. The opening of shopping centres in nearby suburbs led to a general decline in retail turnover. Activity in the suburb has declined significantly from its heyday, leaving parts empty and derelict. Historic buildings were closed and sometimes vandalised , shops in the main streets were left empty and boarded up. Redevelopment of
1904-502: The 1960s. Bolivar processes 60% of metropolitan Adelaide's raw sewage. The biogas produced in the treatment process is used to generate 85% of the facility's annual electricity requirements. Twenty-five gigawatt-hours of electricity is generated by the natural gas-powered reciprocating engines each year. It treats 135 million litres of water per day. Water from the northwestern suburbs is treated separately as it tends to be more saline and not suitable for reuse in irrigation. Waste water that
1972-640: The Australian average of 66.5%. The suburb is best known as the location of the Bolivar Waste Water Treatment Plant . Bolivar is the largest of three SA Water sewage treatment plants in metropolitan Adelaide and the largest in South Australia. It produces recycled water which is provided to farmers on the Adelaide Plains near Virginia . Methane is collected and used to generate electricity. Bolivar produces 35,000 tonnes of biosolids which have been supplied to farmers since
2040-549: The Birkenhead Bridge. In 2016 it was announced that Starfish Developments and Cedar Woods had won tenders to develop 23ha of vacant waterfront land in the inner Port Adelaide harbour with total investment exceeding $ 1 billion. The development was later renamed Fletcher's Slip after a nearby historic landmark. In 2016 the Federal Government announced that DCNS had won the tender to build 12 submarines for
2108-479: The First Commercial Inn opened. It has the longest licensing history in the suburb, though discontinuous. It did not trade for 12 years following a fire in 1857. The British hotel is the longest continually licensed. It opened 1847 as a single storey building, and was rebuilt with two further storeys in 1876 for then-owner Henry Ayers . The South Australian Brewing Company acquired it in 1937. It
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2176-487: The North Arm and the Port River. One reason for the chosen site was Gawler's instructions on leaving England to limit expenditure; the North Arm site would have required more transport infrastructure and reclamation work. Gawler awarded a tender allowing the South Australian Company to construct a private wharf , again partly to limit government expenditure. Along with the wharf they were to construct
2244-543: The Port Adelaide Caledonian Society was founded and continues to this day. In the 1880s during Christmas Chinese lanterns were hung around Port Adelaide. During the rest of the 1800s harbour facilities expanded and the town grew. It gained an impressive range of commercial and institutional buildings. Many have survived, resulting in Port Adelaide having one of the best concentrations of colonial buildings in South Australia. Their significance
2312-672: The Port Adelaide Pirates Soccer Club moved to their new home on the Peninsula after $ 9.2 million in investments for the Taperoo sports complex. In 2021 the Newmarket Hotel in Port Adelaide was purchased for $ 4 million. Port Adelaide is known for its well preserved 19th-century pubs and hotels, reflecting the area's maritime history in catering to the sailors of trading ships. During the rest of
2380-621: The Royal Australian Navy in a $ 50 billion deal, with construction taking place in Port Adelaide. In 2016 the South Australian State Government indicated it is interested in re-establishing the tram network from the City to Port Adelaide, with links to Outer Harbor and Semaphore . In 2017 developer EPC Pacific began construction of a $ 38 million office tower on Nelson Street in Port Adelaide that will house public servants. In 2021 this building
2448-568: The building was later adapted to make a 17-room hotel, the Newmarket. Colac Hotel, on Ocean Steamer's Road, opened in 1881. It was built opposite the then No. 1 Dock, alongside the 1879 extension to the South Australian Company basin. The hotel has had strong ties to both the Australian Labor Party and the union movement. Both former Prime Minister Bob Hawke and local Member of Parliament Mick Young used to talk to workers at
2516-836: The building were used for an early freemason hall, library and the Port Adelaide Institute. It was renamed as the Family Hotel in 1876, then as the Black Diamond Hotel c. 1878. This last name came from the Black Diamond Line shipping company. From 1866 to 1883 Cannon brand beer was brewed in the hotel. The building was converted to retail shops in 1884 and the Central Hotel erected on the south side. Port Dock Brewery hotel won business awards as best hotel and restaurant in 2001. It
2584-399: The canal were clear. The canal was dry for most of the day and cargo movement very slow. Seagoing ships had to stop some distance from the settlement due to the mudbanks. Cargo and passengers covered the remaining distance in ships' boats. All had to traverse 2–300 m of swamps after landing to reach sandhills, and eventually the road to Adelaide. The new port's first maritime casualty was
2652-516: The channel was surrounded by mudbanks. Dry and solid land ended near present-day Alberton . Colonel William Light began closely exploring the area in late 1836 while deciding on a site for the colony of South Australia's port. After initial trepidation, he reported to the Colonisation Commissioners that the location was a suitable harbour. By this time it had acquired the name "the port creek". Light's choice of separating
2720-468: The developments were under the initial cost. The local council estimated that less than half of finished properties were occupied. In October 2009 it was named, by the National Trust of Australia , as one of the country's most at risk heritage sites. A lack of people living in, and travelling to, Port Adelaide is seen as the major cause of this decline. In February 2010 Premier Mike Rann opened
2788-438: The first instance, decisions about the names and boundaries of suburbs and localities are made by the local council in which they are located based on criteria such as community recognition. Local council decisions are, however, subject to approval by the state's geographical names board. The boundaries of some suburbs and localities overlap two or more local government areas (LGAs). Examples of this are Adamstown Heights , which
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2856-475: The ground level was raised by approximately 9 feet (3 m), with mud and silt from dredging work. Early houses had their ground floors below the now raised ground level; some had steps built down from road level. The Port Admiral Hotel's original ground floor now forms part of its basement. The last major reclamation was of the Glanville Reserve in 1892. By the mid-1840s, with increasing trade,
2924-470: The hotel completely renovated in the 1990s. It is now known as the Port Anchor Hotel. Brunswick Pier Hotel was on the corner of Vincent and Robe Streets. It opened in 1878 in what had been a butcher 's shop. The hotel lost its licence in 1909, along with other hotels, after an opinion poll resulted in a reduction of the number of licences. After this the building was used as a furniture shop and
2992-410: The marine environment were (by mass): nitrogen (320 tonnes), phosphorus (81 tonnes), fluoride (26 tonnes), boron (19 tonnes), ammonia (12 tonnes) and zinc (2.2 tonnes). The southern boundary of the suburb runs along the Little Para River and includes greenspace and a shared path along the river. The Adelaide-Port Augusta railway line had a station named Bolivar, which was north of where
3060-532: The migrant ship Tam O'Shanter that ran aground on the outer sand bar. Later a small waterway in the port was named after the ship; the waterway later became the Port Adelaide Canal. The port's initial location was intended to be temporary. The location for a proper port was chosen by Governor George Gawler , between the original settlement and the Governor's preferred location at the junction of
3128-514: The names of geographic subdivisions in Australia , used mainly for address purposes. The term locality is used in rural areas, while the term suburb is used in urban areas. Australian postcodes closely align with the boundaries of localities and suburbs. This Australian usage of the term "suburb" differs from common American and British usage, where it typically means a smaller, frequently separate residential community outside, but close to,
3196-460: The north and west, and by Webb Street and Grand Junction Road to the south. The main strip of Port Adelaide is along St Vincent Street, with a residential area to the south of the train station along Commercial Road and Webb Street. Recent residential development has occurred along the waterfront promenade. Port Adelaide is a tidal port, with several shipping berths along the length of the estuary. Port Adelaide has many parks. The most recent
3264-592: The notable voyages of the Bolivar occurred in 1849-1850 under the command of Captain William Murray. The ship departed from London and Plymouth on Thursday, October 4, 1849, bound for Port Adelaide. After nearly four months at sea, the Bolivar arrived at its destination on Monday, January 28, 1850. This journey was part of a series of voyages that connected the United Kingdom to Australia, facilitating
3332-458: The number of licences by a third. Fifteen hotels and three wine licences expired on 25 March 1909 and were not renewed. The Port River, known officially as the Port Adelaide river, is home to a resident population of bottlenose dolphins . The Port River's inner harbor near West Lakes and seaward from Lipson Reach feature dense stands of Grey mangroves which provide habitat for hundreds of species of marine, avian and insect life. The Port River
3400-400: The port and Adelaide was strongly opposed by a few merchants, a newspaper and Governor John Hindmarsh . This opposition was largely based on the distance between them. The division of power in the colony meant that the final decision was Light's alone. He kept Adelaide and the port separate principally due to the lack of fresh water at the port. The effective foundation day of Port Adelaide
3468-415: The port could be rowed around. The port had a significant problem—reported in letters from Light and complaints to the Governor from ship owners—of a lack of a fresh water supply. At first the river was not used for larger ships. They had to land at Holdfast Bay until the port was charted. This early port was plagued by mosquitoes , was a comparative long distance from Adelaide, had few amenities and had
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#17327877425943536-415: The proposed canal. By early 1838, large vessels could only get as far as the end of Gawler Reach (near the current Birkenhead Bridge ). Arrivals had to use smaller boats, traverse the mangrove swamps at low tide and climb sandhills to reach the road to Adelaide. A canal for the loading of sailing ships was constructed in 1838, and town acreages nearby surveyed and sold. By the years end deficiencies of
3604-597: The pub. Mick Young owned the pub from 1988 to 1990 and as of 2002 it was owned by the Labor Party. From 1838 to 1906, sixty differently named hotels had been run on 38 different sites within Port Adelaide. A local opinion poll was held in Port Adelaide and other Adelaide districts in February 1906, on the subject of liquor licensing. Port Adelaide voters supported the Temperance Party's platform, reducing
3672-637: The redevelopment of the Port Canal Shopping Centre as Port Adelaide Plaza . In 2019, The Banksia Tree Cafe and Corner Store opened on the site of the Brunswick Pier Hotel. In January 2020 the first instance of a house to selling for $ 1 million in the suburb of Port Adelaide was recorded. In 2020, the first residents moved in to new townhomes constructed as part of Starfish's Dock One development. Once completed, Dock One will comprise approximately 650 new homes. In 2020
3740-496: The transportation of passengers and goods during the mid-19th century. The Bolivar had previously completed other significant journeys, including a voyage to Hobart Town in 1846. Over its years of service, the ship played a role in the maritime history of the United Kingdom and Australia. The suburb was established in 1956, and was named after the General Bolivar Hotel . This hotel had been built by Walter Walpole,
3808-412: The waterfront was first publicly discussed in 1975. Over the following years, plans and costs were proposed and discussed but most lapsed without action. By 2002, the "Newport Quays" consortium was the government's preferred bidder for a $ 1.2 billion project to cover 51 hectares (130 acres) of under used land. The development was unveiled in 2003 and land sales began two years later. This development
3876-407: The wharves proved insufficient and some more private wharves were constructed. During the late 1850s the state of the dry and dusty plain, between Adelaide and Port Adelaide, led to the pejorative terms "Dustholia" and "Mudholia" in summer and winter. In 1874 the Port Adelaide Institute began construction of its new headquarters which opened to much fanfare two years later providing the organisation
3944-471: The whole estuarine area of the Port River . The entrance to this creek, the Port River, was first reported by Europeans in 1831. It was explored by Europeans when Captain Henry Jones entered in 1834. The creek's main channel was then fed by numerous smaller creeks, and was 2–4 fathoms (4–7 m) deep. The navigable channel was narrow and the creek soon faded into swamps and sandhills. At low tide
4012-478: Was 6 January 1837. On this day the first harbourmaster , Captain Thomas Lipson (Royal Navy), took up residence with his family on the edge of Port Creek. The new port was used for shipping later that month, and passengers began disembarking the next. At this point the site was known as The Port Creek Settlement . When founded, the port's land was just higher than the surrounding tidal flats; at high tide
4080-463: Was allowed to be built at the low water mark, which made construction simpler. The wharf, warehouse and road were opened by Governor Gawler in October 1840. The opening procession from the old port to the new included over 1,000 people; then the largest assembly of colonists to date. The procession included 600 horsemen and 450 vehicles, almost all of the colony's wheeled transportation. At the opening
4148-613: Was also known as the Liberator. The Bolivar Post Office in the then rural area opened on 1 July 1905 and closed in 1930. On the 13th & 17th of March in 1910, the first flights in Australia were carried out in Bolivar. The aircraft in operation resembled the Bleriot monoplane that L. Bleriot famously flew during the historic 1909 crossing from France to England, marking a significant milestone in aviation history. On 27 June 1967,
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#17327877425944216-433: Was being criticised for its poor planning for a residential development, criticism that continued with each stage of the project. By early 2007, two stages of the now $ 2 billion development were under construction, or nearing completion, and the third's plans submitted; The plans included provision for a 100-berth marina and one building built over the water. By 2008 reports showed the resale value of some properties in
4284-471: Was built in 1855 and opened as the Dock Hotel. The current building structure results from an 1883 rebuild, with stone from Dry Creek near Yatala Labour Prison . The Hotel lost its licence in 1909, after a 1906 Opinion Vote. The building was renovated, part of it converted into a small brewery, and reopened as a hotel in 1986. Railway Hotel opened in 1856 opposite the new Port Adelaide railway station ,
4352-651: Was known from c. 1907–1952 as "McGraths British Hotel". Dockside Tavern is one of the few Late Victorian style buildings remaining in the Port. It was opened as the Britannia Hotel in 1850 then was rebuilt on site in 1898, in contemporary style. It was renamed as the Dockside Tavern in 2002. The Golden Port Tavern is on the corner of Vincent and Robe Streets. On this site the Carpenters' Arms Tavern opened in late 1850. The Arms burned down in 1865 and
4420-491: Was purchased by Centuria for $ 63 million. In 2017 the Port Admiral Hotel was reopened after a $ 1m redevelopment. It is one of the oldest buildings in Port Adelaide built in 1849. In 2017 Daniella Guevera from Mexico City opened La Popular Taqueria in Port Adelaide. In 2018, Pirate Life Breweries announced it would be relocating in Port Adelaide into a $ 15m refurbished warehouse. In 2018, Precision Group began
4488-466: Was recognised in May 1982, when a sizeable part of the town centre was declared a State Heritage Area. The construction of the Outer Harbor took place at the beginning of the 20th century, accommodating larger ships and reducing the time needed to sail up the Port River to the inner harbour. In the 1920s and 1930s the first wharf was removed or disappeared and the Port Adelaide wharves underwent
4556-557: Was replaced with the current hotel, then known as The Globe. The hotel's name was changed to the current one in 1981. Black Diamond Square—named after the Black Diamond Hotel—is the main intersection of Port Adelaide, at the north end of Commercial Road. The hotel was designed by Adelaide architect William Wier. It opened as the White Horse Cellars Inn in 1851, with an integral 600 seat theatre. Parts of
4624-487: Was stated to be worth $ 1.5 billion and would comprise 2000 homes, construction of which would create 4000 jobs. In 2004 Premier Mike Rann announced that a dolphin sanctuary would be established in the Port River and Barker Inlet covering 118 square kilometres, the first "urban" dolphin sanctuary in the world. In 2005 the Adelaide Dolphin Sanctuary Act was enacted. By 2006 Newport Quays
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