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47-690: The Bonnechere River begins in Algonquin Provincial Park at McKaskill Lake in geographic Clancy Township in the Unorganized South Part of Nipissing District. It heads north into geographic Niven Township, then loops back southeast into Clancy Township, under a Hydro One transmission corridor and into geographic Guthrie Township. It continues southeast through the Crooked Chute, over the High Falls, through

94-703: A "patriotic holiday" by the 1890s. Amid the Victoria's Diamond Jubilee in 1897, the Senate passed a bill that aimed to fix the Queen's birthday in perpetuity as a holiday in her honour. It was sent to the House of Commons , where it languished as a private member's bill without government support. It was not until after Victoria's death in May 1901 that the Queen's Birthday was made a perpetual statutory holiday by which to remember

141-556: A lower-tier municipality (if located in a county or regional municipality , i.e. in Southern Ontario ) or single-tier municipality (if located in a district, i.e. in Northern Ontario ). A township municipality may consist of a portion of one or more geographic townships united as a single entity with a single municipal administration. Often rural counties are subdivided into townships. In some places, usually if

188-453: A new public holiday that would form common ground between English and French Canadians , helping them transcend their religious and cultural differences. The birthday of Queen Victoria was selected to be transformed into a public holiday, as it was a date that appealed to both English and French Canadians. At the time, loyalty to the Crown was seen as a key trait that distinguished Canada from

235-520: A political unit called a rural municipality in general is 3 townships by 3 townships in size, or 18 miles squared, about 324 square miles (840 km ). Three municipalities in British Columbia , Langley , Esquimalt and Spallumcheen , have "township" in their official names but legally hold the status of district municipalities . Victoria Day Victoria Day (French: Fête de la Reine , lit.   'Celebration of

282-476: A prescribed day of rest on which retail businesses must be closed ) to mark the reigning sovereign's official birthday. Beginning in the 1920s, French Canadians in Quebec informally called the May holiday Fête de Dollard , after Adam Dollard des Ormeaux , an early colonist of New France . In 2002, the provincial government of Quebec replaced Fête de Dollard with National Patriots' Day , which commemorates

329-605: A raft or anything else they hope will take them down the river. The river presents natural obstacles in the form of light rapids. There is no competitive angle to the run with no prize at the end other than warmth and a good time. Most participants are young adults from the area returning to visit friends and family. Having recently surpassed its twenty-fourth year, the river run is a local tradition. [REDACTED] Media related to Bonnechere River at Wikimedia Commons Township (Canada)#Ontario The term township , in Canada ,

376-634: A second flag pole exists, as the Royal Union Flag can never displace the national flag ). Several cities hold a parade on the holiday, with the most prominent being that which has taken place since 1898 in the monarch's namesake city of Victoria, British Columbia . In nearby New Westminster , the Victoria Day weekend is distinguished by the Hyack Anvil Battery Salute, a tradition created during colonial times as

423-537: A surrogate for a 21-gun salute : Gunpowder is placed between two anvils, the top one upturned, and the charge is ignited, hurling the upper anvil into the air. Other celebrations include an evening fireworks show, such as that held at Ashbridge's Bay Beach in the east end of Toronto, and at Ontario Place , in the same city. In Ottawa, the traditional Trooping the Colour ceremony takes place on Parliament Hill or occasionally at Rideau Hall . The reviewing officer in

470-630: A typical 19th-century celebration of the Queen's birthday took place on May 24, 1866, in Omemee , also in Canada West: The town mounted a day-long fête, including pre-dawn serenades, picnics , athletic competitions, a display of illuminations, a torch-light procession, and a gun salute at midnight. By Canadian Confederation in 1867, Victoria Day celebrations were held in communities in Ontario and Quebec and would later spread to other parts of

517-602: Is a federal statutory holiday, as well as a holiday in six of Canada's ten provinces and all three of its territories. The holiday has always been a distinctly Canadian observance and continues to be celebrated across the country. It is informally considered the start of the summer season in Canada. The same date is also, since 1952, recognized as the currently reigning Canadian monarch 's official birthday (though, previously, that event had been marked in Canada typically on each monarch's actual birthday). In Quebec , before 2003,

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564-466: Is also a mark of the beginning of the cottage season, when cottage owners may reverse the winterization of their property. Gardeners in Canada will similarly regard Victoria Day as the beginning of spring, as it falls at a time when one can be fairly certain that frost will not return until the next autumn. There is also a change in fashion: lighter-coloured summer clothing was traditionally worn from Victoria Day through to Labour Day. The holiday

611-530: Is colloquially known in parts of Canada as "May Two-Four", a double entendre that refers both to the date around which the holiday falls (May 24) and the Canadian slang for a case of twenty-four beers (a "two-four"), a drink popular during the long weekend. The holiday weekend may also be known as the "May long weekend", "May Long", or in Timmins and surrounding areas, "May Run", . The term "Firecracker Day"

658-575: Is entitled to a paid day off generally depends on the province or territory of residence (with the exception of employees in federally regulated workplaces such as banks). The status of Victoria Day in each of the provinces and territories is as follows: It is a general holiday in Alberta , Manitoba , the Northwest Territories , and Yukon and is a statutory holiday in British Columbia , Ontario , and Saskatchewan . Victoria Day

705-522: Is generally the district or area associated with a town. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied by country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government within the country itself. In Eastern Canada , a township is one form of the subdivision of a county . In Quebec, the term is canton in French. The historic colony of Nova Scotia (present-day Nova Scotia, New Brunswick , and Prince Edward Island ) used

752-404: Is not a paid public holiday but is a government holiday in: Newfoundland and Labrador ; Nova Scotia , where it is also not a designated retail closing day, but is considered a "non-statutory holiday"; and Prince Edward Island , although provincial legislation defines "holiday" to include Victoria Day. In Nunavut and New Brunswick , the date is set as a general holiday (for New Brunswick,

799-648: The Prairie Provinces and parts of British Columbia , a township is a division of the Dominion Land Survey . Townships are (mostly) 6-by-6-mile (9.7 by 9.7 km) squares, about 36 square miles (93 km ) in area. The townships are not political units (although political boundaries often follow township boundaries) but exist only to define parcels of land relatively simply. Townships are divided into 36 equal 1-by-1-mile (1.6 by 1.6 km) square parcels, known as "sections." In Saskatchewan ,

846-579: The patriotes of the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837. Canada is the only country that commemorates Queen Victoria with an official holiday. Federal government protocol dictates that, on Victoria Day, the Royal Union Flag is to be flown from sunrise to sunset at all federal government buildings—including airports, military bases, and other Crown owned property across the country—where physical arrangements allow (i.e. where

893-449: The " Victoria Day disaster ". The Point Ellice Bridge disaster occurred in Victoria, British Columbia , on May 26, 1896, when a bridge collapsed under the weight of a streetcar overloaded with passengers on their way to attend Victoria Day celebrations. Most workplaces in Canada are regulated by the provincial or territorial governments. Therefore, although Victoria Day is a statutory holiday for federal purposes, whether an employee

940-422: The 17th century. These were ad hoc commemorations, rather than holidays enshrined in law. Early commemorations were typically marked by an official ceremony, such as a levee and military review, banquets, and sporting events. Several different days were used to celebrate a sovereign's birthday. The birth date for George III , June 4, was observed from the late 18th century to decades after his death in 1820. Until

987-596: The 19th century, the river was used to transport white pine logs from the forested areas surrounding the river. Throughout the 20th century, the Bonnechere River became increasingly recognized for its hydroelectric potential. Currently, Renewable Power Generation (RPG) utilizes the river's water to turn turbines and produce electricity, which is then sold to the Province of Ontario under contract. The Bonnechère Caves, formed from ancient limestone, are located by

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1034-797: The Bonnechere River. The First Chute of the river is where the Bonnechere empties into the Ottawa River , at Castleford . The Second Chute is in Renfrew ; this waterfall has a small hydroelectric dam. The Third Chute is in Douglas , which also has a small hydroelectric dam. The Fourth Chute is in the small village of Fourth Chute , and the Fifth Chute is in Eganville . The chutes used were for moving timber past rapids and waterfalls. During

1081-708: The British Conquest, primarily as a surveying unit. They were designated and cover most of the unattributed territory in Eastern Quebec and what is now known as the Eastern Townships and later used in surveying the Outaouais and Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean regions. Townships often served as the territorial basis for new municipalities, but township municipalities are no different from other types such as parish or village municipalities. In

1128-680: The Jack Chute Rapids, and reaches Round Lake , where it takes in the right tributary Sherwood River . The rivers leaves the lake at Grassy Bay controlled by the Round Lake Dam and reaches Golden Lake in North Algona Wilberforce , where it is crossed by Ontario Highway 60 . The lake is home to Killaloe at the west and the Algonquins of Pikwàkanagàn First Nation at the southeast. From Golden Lake until

1175-538: The King's official birthday was changed to May 20, so he could be present for official festivities; still, Victoria Day was also treated as a day to celebrate the King's birthday. In 1952, the date for Victoria Day was made variable, changing from May 24 to the last Monday before May 25 each year, ensuring that most Canadians would receive a long weekend . The monarch's official birthday in Canada was, by annual viceregal proclamations between 1953 and 1956, made to fall on

1222-543: The Monday preceding May 25 of each year was unofficially the Fête de Dollard , a commemoration of Adam Dollard des Ormeaux , initiated in the 1920s to coincide with Victoria Day. In 2003, provincial legislation officially created National Patriots' Day (French: Journée nationale des Patriotes ) on the same date. Royal birthdays for members of French and British royal families were commemorated in various parts of Canada since

1269-505: The Queen';) is a federal Canadian public holiday observed on the last Monday preceding May 25 to honour Queen Victoria , who is known as the "Mother of Confederation ". The holiday has existed in Canada since at least 1845, originally on Victoria's natural birthday, May 24. It falls on the Monday between the 18th and the 24th (inclusive) and, so, is always the penultimate Monday of May (May 20 in 2024 and May 19 in 2025). Victoria Day

1316-648: The Stacks Rapids to the unincorporated place Basin Depot , located on a former logging road. The river continues southeast out of the park at Boundary access point (Access point Q), enters geographic Burns Township in Madawaska Valley , Renfrew County, then heads into geographic Richards Township in Killaloe, Hagarty and Richards , Renfrew County, takes in the left tributary Pine River , passes through

1363-659: The United States and the monarchy was viewed as a "guarantor of minority rights" in the colony. The Queen's birthday was officially designated as a public holiday by legislation passed in 1845, transforming the date from a military event to a civilian holiday and making it Canada's now-oldest official holiday. On Victoria's 35th birthday, in 1854, some 5,000 residents of Canada West gathered in front of Government House (near present-day King and Simcoe Streets in Toronto ) to "give cheers to their queen". An example of

1410-469: The ceremony is the monarch, with members of the royal family , the governor general , the minister of national defence, or the chief of the defence staff taking the sovereign's place in their absence. The participating units in the parade include personnel of the Governor General's Foot Guards and The Canadian Grenadier Guards , both of which are part of the ad hoc Ceremonial Guard . Across

1457-499: The country as it expanded . Even as the inhabitants of the Red River Colony , in the then-British territory of Rupert's Land , resisted Canadian expansion, clashing with agents of Canada's government in 1869 and 1870 as Canada negotiated the purchase of Rupert's Land from Britain, the Red River Colony's provisional government celebrated Victoria's birthday with a show of skill at the militia's drill. The day had become

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1504-413: The country, Victoria Day serves as the unofficial marker of the end of the winter social season and, thus, the beginning of the summer social calendar. Banff, Alberta 's Sunshine Village ends its lengthy ski season on Victoria Day and, likewise, it is during this long weekend that many summer businesses—such as parks, outdoor restaurants, bicycle rentals, city tour operators, etc.—will open. Victoria Day

1551-495: The following year, designated May 24 as the official birthday of King Edward VII . Victoria Day served as the King's official birthday until 1910, when King George V acceded to the throne. From then until 1952, Victoria Day only honoured Queen Victoria's contribution to Canadian Confederation, with the reigning monarch's official birthday typically observed in June, instead. However, for King George VI 's tour of Canada in 1939 ,

1598-411: The late Queen, who was deemed the "Mother of Confederation". Some members of Parliament proposed the holiday keep the name Queen's Birthday , while others proposed changing it to Queen Victoria Day or Victorian Empire Day . The name Victoria Day was selected by Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier , who wanted to avoid an imperialist name that would antagonize French Canadians. The Crown-in-Council,

1645-586: The mid-19th century, the monarch's birthday was more of a military occasion than a civil celebration, as it was the day when able-bodied men in the colony assembled into their militia units for their compulsory military training, as well as attended reviews and celebrations in commemoration of the monarch. Shortly after the Canadas were united into the Province of Canada , the Parliament sought to create

1692-676: The opportunity to implement activities and lessons on Canada and the British Empire before the monarch's official birthday. The event was adopted by several schools in Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. May 24 was, by imperial decree in 1904, made Empire Day throughout the British Empire. In 1958, Empire Day was renamed Commonwealth Day. In 1977, the day was moved to the second Monday in March, ending its association as an "opening act" to Victoria Day in Canada. Victoria Day celebrations have been marred by major tragedy at least twice. In 1881,

1739-432: The original historical administrative subdivisions surveyed and established primarily in the 1800s. They are used primarily for geographic purposes, such as land surveying, natural resource exploration and tracking of phenomena such as forest fires or tornados , but are not political entities. Township municipalities, also called "political townships", are areas that have been incorporated with municipal governments, and are

1786-472: The passenger ferry Victoria overturned in the Thames River near London, Ontario . The boat departed in the evening with 600 to 800 people on board—three times the allowed passenger capacity—and capsized partway across the river, drowning some 182 individuals, including a large number of children who had been with their families for Victoria Day picnics at Springbank Park . The event came to be known as

1833-712: The river near the village of Eganville, Ontario , in the hamlet of Fourth Chute, Ontario . There are two provincial parks along its length: the Bonnechere River Provincial Park (a 23 km long section bordering Algonquin Park) and the Bonnechere Provincial Park (located on Round Lake). The Bonnechere River lies mostly in a 175 million-year-old rift valley called the Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben . Over

1880-649: The river reaches Admaston/Bromley downstream, the river forms the boundary between North Algona Wilberforce (left bank, on the north) and Bonnechere Valley (right bank, on the south). The Bonnechere River leaves Golden Lake controlled by the Golden Lake Dam. The river reaches its mouth at Lac des Chats on the Ottawa River near the settlement of Fergusons Beach . The river is 145 kilometres (90 mi) long and drains an area of 2,400 square kilometres (927 sq mi). There are five chutes along

1927-455: The same day as Victoria Day. On January 31, 1957, the link was made permanent by royal proclamation . Shortly after Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee in 1898, Clementina Trenholme advocated the creation of Empire Day, a complementary auxiliary event that would occur the weekday before the Queen's Birthday. Empire Day was not intended to be a general holiday like Victoria Day, but, was instead intended to provide schools and civic institutions

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1974-473: The sand to watch the fireworks display". In 2013, an online petition was circulated to rename the holiday "Victoria and First Peoples Day", to provide Canadians with an opportunity to honour both the Crown and the Indigenous peoples of Canada , which share a relationship . While a group of prominent Canadian actors, authors, and politicians sent the petition to Prime Minister Stephen Harper , in total

2021-582: The term township as a subdivision of counties and as a means of attracting settlers to the colony. In Prince Edward Island, the colonial survey of 1764 established 67 townships, known as lots, and 3 royalties, which were grouped into parishes and hence into counties; the townships were geographically and politically the same. In New Brunswick, parishes have taken over as the present-day subdivision of counties, and present-day Nova Scotia uses districts as appropriate. In Ontario , there are both geographic townships and township municipalities. Geographic townships are

2068-401: The township is in a county rather than in a regional municipality , the head of a political township may be called a " reeve ", not a mayor. However, the distinction is changing as many rural townships are replacing the title with "mayor" to reduce confusion. A few townships keep both titles and designate "mayor" as the head of the municipal council and use "reeve" to denote the representative to

2115-412: The upper tier (usually county) council. The term "geographic township" is also used in reference to former political townships that were abolished or superseded as part of municipal government restructuring. In Quebec , townships are called cantons in French and can also be political and geographic, similar to Ontario although the geographic use is not used much or at all. They were introduced after

2162-474: The years, songs have been written about the Bonnechere River including the recent "In The Arms Of The Bonnechere River" by Ottawa Valley singer/songwriter, Terry McLeish. Each year the river is host to a raft run between the third and fourth chute. Originally arranged by local Shriners , the run has taken on a less official status, occurring with little to no organization apart from its pre-determined date during Victoria Day weekend. Participants design and build

2209-422: Was also once employed in Ontario. A traditional, short song about Victoria Day went as follows: "The twenty-fourth of May / Is the Queen's birthday; / If they don't give us a holiday / We'll all run away!" The holiday is referenced in the song " Lakeside Park " by Canadian rock band Rush , from their 1975 album Caress of Steel . The song features the line, "everyone would gather on the 24th of May, sitting in

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