60-402: The surname Traill (also Trail , Traille , Traillie , Traily , etc.) Is derived from Norse to at least Norman via France (is not of French 'origin', 'origin' is the wrong word to use here, the first written records of it come from France via Normandy, its origin is Norse via Normandy at least), it does also seem to have some relation to words from the northern UK, pointing again to where it
120-641: A territorial designation as a part of their name by the Lord Lyon. The Lord Lyon is the ultimate arbiter as to determining entitlement to a territorial designation, and his right of discretion in recognising these, and their status as a name, dignity or title, have been confirmed in the Scottish courts. A study in 2003 by academics at the Universities of Edinburgh and Aberdeen concluded that: The modern Scottish Highland sporting estate continues to be
180-404: A descriptive title premised on landownership. The Lord Lyon, Scotland's authority on titles and heraldry, has produced the following guidance regarding the current concept of a "souvenir plot" and the use of the term "laird" as a courtesy title: The term "laird" has generally been applied to the owner of an estate, sometimes by the owner himself or, more commonly, by those living and working on
240-632: A form of proportional representation. The constituency MSP is Willie Rennie of the Scottish Liberal Democrats . Prior to Brexit in 2020 it was part of the pan-Scotland European Parliament constituency which elected seven Members of the European Parliament (MEP)s using the d'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation . The 2001 census reported a population of 8,506, which increased slightly to around 8,980 in 2008. The demographic make-up resembles
300-508: A grant of arms. Cupar Cupar ( / ˈ k uː p ər / listen ; Scottish Gaelic : Cùbar ) is a town, former royal burgh and parish in Fife , Scotland. It lies between Dundee and Glenrothes . According to a 2011 population estimate, Cupar had a population around 9,000, making it the ninth-largest settlement in Fife, and the civil parish a population of 11,183 (in 2011). It
360-572: A laird is traditionally accorded the courtesy title Lady ; in the UK television series Monarch of the Glen (based on the 1941 novel by Compton Mackenzie ), the wife of "Hector Naismith MacDonald, Laird of Glenbogle" is referenced as "Lady of Glenbogle". King George V and his wife Queen Mary were reported as being "The Laird and Lady of Balmoral " by the Scottish press in the 1920s and 1930s. A contemporary popular view of lairdship titles has taken
420-480: A large rural property, was subdivided in 1609 by the Laird of the period, John Traill, in agreement with his eldest son in order to help his younger brother Thomas. The smaller portion became known as Blebo Hole. In the 16th century another brother of the same family, George Traill, migrated to Orkney , Scotland and thence to County Antrim , Ireland, now Northern Ireland. In 1722, lead and silver were discovered on
480-495: A large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman . This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms . They are usually styled [ name ] [ surname ] of [ lairdship ]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title , it has no formal status in law. Historically,
540-573: A lower proportion of immigrants, but a higher proportion of over-75s. The Old Gaol was designed by James Gillespie Graham and built 1813–14. After closing as a prison in 1844, it was used by the Fifeshire Militia , later the Fifeshire Artillery Militia . It was purchased by William Watt (seedsman) in 1895 and occupied by that firm until 1988. It operated as Watts of Cupar, a bar and restaurant, until it closed and
600-523: A partly fictionalised account of the fortunes of her branch of the Traill family from her great-great-great-grandfather, Rector Robert Traill of Skull during the Great Famine of Ireland via their emigration to Argentina to herself in an attempt to understand her relationship with her mother, Jocasta Innes . Laird Laird ( / ˈ l ɛər d / ) is a designation that applies to an owner of
660-402: A place owned by an absentee landowner who uses its 15-20,000 acres for hunting and family holidays. While tolerating public access, he (82% of lairds are male) feels threatened by new legislation, and believes that canoeing and mountain-biking should not take place on his estate at all. The use of the honorific " The Much Honoured " by lairds is archaic, although technically correct. The wife of
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#1732801405331720-471: A small court. Originally in the 16th and 17th centuries, the designation was applied to the head chief of a highland clan and therefore was not personal property and had obligations towards the community. The laird might possess certain local or feudal rights. A lairdship carried voting rights in the ancient pre-Union Parliament of Scotland , although such voting rights were expressed via two representatives from each county who were known as commissioners of
780-580: A three-story bow street corner and a doric entrance. The adjacent county buildings built between 1812 and 1817 are unique in Fife as the only example replicating the style of buildings in the New Town of Edinburgh . The Category B-listed Corn Exchange tower can be seen across the town skyline. At the east end of St Catherine Street is the Category B-listed Cupar War Memorial in a classical Greek style overlooking
840-508: A unique twist in the 21st century with sales of souvenir plots from sellers who obtain no legal right to the title. A souvenir plot is defined in the Land Registration (Scotland) Act 2012 as "a piece of land ... of inconsiderable size or no practical utility". Several websites, and Internet vendors on websites like eBay , sell Scottish lairdships along with minuscule "plots of land" – usually one square foot . The Court of
900-507: Is associated with a peerage title, and thus the terms have come to have separate meanings. (In Scotland, the title baron is not a peerage; the equivalent of an English baron is a Lord of Parliament , e.g. Lord Lovat .) In the 15th and 16th centuries, the designation was used for land owners holding directly of the Crown, and therefore were entitled to attend Parliament. Lairds reigned over their estates like princes , their castles forming
960-823: Is derived from. It became "Traill" in Scotland (show any 'modern' non Scottish spread) and thence spread around the world. The family is recorded in France from the 10th century, as Barons in Britain from the 11th century, as Lairds in Scotland from the 14th century and later in Orkney . In the 17th century they were prominent in Northern Ireland and also spread to various parts of the United States including
1020-691: Is recognised in the town for its twisted spire. On the Kirkgate is the Parish Church of Cupar Old and St Michael of Tarvit, designed by the architect, Hay Bell . This consists of the Category A-listed Parish Church tower dating from 1415 and the Category B-listed main church building from 1745. The tower is the only surviving piece of the old Cupar parish church, founded by the priory of St Andrews . To
1080-472: Is the Scottish equivalent to an English squire , in that it is not a noble title, more a courtesy designation meaning landowner with no other rights assigned to it. A laird possessing a coat of arms granted by the Lord Lyon prior to 2008 is a member of Scotland's noblesse . Such a person can be recognised as a laird, if not a chief or chieftain , or descendant of one of these, by the formal recognition of
1140-412: Is the historic county town of Fife, although the council now sits at Glenrothes . The town is believed to have grown around the site of Cupar Castle, which was the seat of the sheriff and was owned by the earls of Fife. The area became a centre for judiciary as the county of Fife and as a market town catering for both cattle and sheep. Towards the latter stages of the 13th century, the burgh became
1200-612: Is the now-standard Scots pronunciation (and phonetic spelling) of the word that is pronounced and spelled in standard English as lord . As can be seen in the Middle English version of Chaucer 's Canterbury Tales , specifically in the Reeve's Tale , Northern Middle English had a where Southern Middle English had o , a difference still found in standard English two and Scots twa . The Scots and Northern English dialectal variant laird has been recorded in writing since
1260-521: Is to communicate local opinion to local and central government. Fife Council, the unitary local authority for Cupar based in Glenrothes , is the executive , deliberative and legislative body responsible for local governance . The Scottish Parliament is responsible for devolved matters such as education , health and justice while reserved matters are dealt with by the Parliament of
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#17328014053311320-806: The Cajun community. Other branches of the family settled in Argentina in the 19th century, and in the British Colonies . The name is French. Goidfrid de Traillie came to England and held land in Bedford and on the Scottish border, both under William the Conqueror . The Traills held land at Trelly in France and later in Bordeaux . Before 1391, Sir John Trailly was appointed Mayor of Bordeaux. Some Traills still reside in France. The similarity to
1380-785: The House of Commons by the first past the post system. Wendy Chamberlain of the Liberal Democrats is the MP. Cupar is in the (smaller) North East Fife constituency of the Scottish Parliament , created in 1999 as one of nine within the Mid Scotland and Fife electoral region. Each constituency elects one Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) and the region elects seven additional members to produce
1440-598: The SRUC Campus at Elmwood College (Fife education); Quaker Oats Ltd (food and drink) and Fisher & Donaldson (food and drink). The main shopping facilities are located between the Bonnygate and Crossgate, including family-owned businesses and some smaller chain stores. The town also has a Business Park, Trading Estate and Industrial Estate. Cupar Retail Park In November 2021, the South Road retail park
1500-541: The 13th century, as a surname, and in its modern context since the middle of the 15th century. It is derived from the Northern Middle English laverd , itself derived from the Old English word hlafweard meaning "warden of loaves ". The Standard English variant, lord , is of the same origin, and would have formerly been interchangeable with laird ; however, in modern usage the term lord
1560-470: The Blebo property. The area around the estate (Blebo Hole) is currently known as the community of Blebo Craigs . In Central Fife , Blebo lies three miles (five km) east of Cupar and comprises the village of Blebo Craigs, located a quarter-mile (0.4 km) northeast of Blebo House, together with the farms of Milton of Blebo, Blebo Mains, and Newbigging of Blebo. Kemback lies a quarter-mile (0.4 km) to
1620-568: The Bonnygate, the Category A-listed Preston Lodge built by the Laird of Airdrie is the town's second oldest building. The house was built in 1623 and is inscribed on a stone on the west wall. The house was extended in 1702 by James Preston and was remodeled by London goldsmith William Preston, in 1765. Later, the Reverend Sir James Preston occupied the house between 1775 and 1791, when he was
1680-698: The Cart Haugh, one of several designed by John Kinross with assistance from leading contemporary sculptors, for the exception of the Victory statue which was done by Henry Snell Gamley . The memorial was first unveiled by Field Marshal Earl Haig in 1922 and then again for the addition of the World War II memorial in 1950 by the Earl of Elgin . Nearby on Coal Road is a Category B-listed classical style former prison building built between 1813 and 1814. On
1740-528: The Church and later willed it to his nephew, Thomas. William Dunbar in his Lament for the Makaris writes "He hes Blind Harry and Sandy Traill / Slaine with his schour of mortall haill / Whilk Patrik Johnestoun myght nocht fle", citing him among a roll call of poets chiefly from the fifteenth century, but nothing else is known of Sandy Traill and no works have been traced. Robert Traill of Greyfriars
1800-455: The Lord Lyon considers these particular titles to be meaningless because it is impossible to have numerous "lairds" of a single estate at the same time, as has been advertised by these companies. However, despite the law and guidance by the Court of the Lord Lyon, the sellers view the contract purporting to sell a plot of Scottish souvenir land as bestowing the buyer with the informal right to
1860-553: The Old Castlehill Primary School and from 11 St Catherine Street. Cupar also plays host to the biennial Cupar Arts Festival . Cupar is home to one additional needs school, one secondary school, two primary schools, a nursery school and a playgroup. Cupar Pre-school Playgroup was opened around 1985. As of March 2022, their website shows that they have closed. Ferryfield Playgroup was opened in 1967 by Isobel Blair in her home at Ferryfield. In 1976, it
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1920-605: The Senior Pupils going at first. In 2010, the Westport site was completely closed. The School roll was recorded in February 2009 and was estimated at 1620 pupils. SRUC Elmwood (formerly Elmwood College ) has three main campuses situated in the town and surrounding area. The college has been praised as a centre for excellence in golf-related studies and specialising in land-based education. Local businesses benefit from
1980-541: The Tarvit and Walton Hills, is Scotstarvit Tower , a well-preserved simple L-plan early 17th century tower house of five stories and an attic. To the north of the town is Hawklaw , which operated as a Government Radio Receiving Station between 1942 and 1988. Fife Council is the largest employer in the area. Many people are employed in food and drink. The larger employers are Kettle Produce (fruit and vegetable producer) and Fishers Services Ltd . Other employers include
2040-552: The United Kingdom . The Cupar area supports three multi-member wards with eleven councillors sitting on the committee of Fife Council. County Buildings on Catherine Street are the main headquarters for the east region of Fife Council, which deals with administrative, planning and agricultural issues. Cupar is in the UK Parliamentary constituency of North East Fife , electing one Member of Parliament (MP) to
2100-458: The death of Sir John Treyl in 1360, although his son John did return for periods and served as a member of the House of Commons of England . A few years before this Sir John's death in 1401, his son Reginald returned from Bordeaux and had sold up the English estates by his own death in 1404. Earlier in approximately 1385, Sir John's brother, Walter Treyl , Bishop of St Andrews , bought Blebo from
2160-406: The estate. It is a description rather than a title, and is not appropriate for the owner of a normal residential property, far less the owner of a small souvenir plot of land. The term "laird" is not synonymous with that of "lord" or "lady". Ownership of a souvenir plot of land is not sufficient to bring a person otherwise ineligible within the jurisdiction of the Lord Lyon for the purpose of seeking
2220-659: The minister of the Cupar Old Parish Church. The original design of the building is believed to have been inspired by Culross Palace in Culross . Situated at the corner of the Crossgate, the Category C listed Duncan's Institute by John Milne , which was built 1870–71 as a mechanics' institute for the "working classes of Cupar" by Mrs Duncan. The building, a mixture of Gothic, Scottish and Flemish styles
2280-780: The name Tyrell raises the question whether the families are related, but the Tyrell family are descended from the family of the Count de Poix , of which the senior branch remained in France in the area known as Picardy . There is no known relationship between the two families in England: the Tyrells held land in the South in Devon and Somerset , unlike Goidfrid de Trailli (see above). The family started to leave England for Scotland and France after
2340-583: The nearest ferry sea port at Rosyth being 42 and 35 miles (68 and 56 kilometres), respectively. Yeomanry House , a drill hall completed in 1890, is home to 'C Squadron' of the Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry . The SNIY provides a Light Cavalry capability and have travelled to Germany and the United States on training and on operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and Cyprus. They previously operated
2400-621: The northwest and Pitscottie a half-mile (0.8 km) to the southwest. A group of Trails came from Birsay on Orkney including Samuel Trail and his son James W. H. Trail . Thomas Stewart Traill was from Kirkwall . In the 18th/19th century the Reverend Anthony Traill (1745–1852) was Rector of Skull and Archdeacon of the Diocese of Connor . His son, the Reverend Robert Traill (1793–1847)
2460-480: The original style. Cupar Sports Centre has a 25-metre swimming pool, badminton courts, squash courts and a fitness suite. The swimming pool is the base for Cupar and District Swimming Club. Cupar is home to Cupar Cricket Club, founded in 1884. The club is celebrating its 125th anniversary in the 2009 season. The Castlehill Community Association is home to local groups including Cupar Camera Club, Cupar Art Club, Cupar & District Model Railway Club. They operate from
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2520-667: The rest of Scotland. The 30–44 age group formed the largest portion of the population (22%). The median age of males and females was 39 and 43 years respectively, compared to 37 and 39 years for the whole of Scotland. Reported places of birth were: The economic activity of residents aged 16–74 was 42.20% in full-time employment, 12.32% in part-time employment, 5.89% self-employed, 3.10% unemployed, 2.96% students with jobs, 3.94% students without jobs, 17.68% retired, 4.83% looking after home or family, 4.35% permanently sick or disabled, and 2.72% economically inactive for other reasons. Compared with Scotland's average demography, Cupar has
2580-403: The same, like the English term lord of the manor , laird is not a title of nobility . The designation is a "corporeal hereditament" (an inheritable property that has an explicit tie to the physical land), i.e. the designation cannot be held in gross , and cannot be bought and sold without selling the physical land. The designation does not entitle the owner to sit in the House of Lords , and
2640-420: The shires , who came from the minor noble class (including lairds) and were chosen by their peers to represent them. A certain level of landownership was a necessary qualification (40 shillings of old extent). A laird is said to hold a lairdship. A woman who holds a lairdship in her own right has been styled with the honorific "Lady". Although "laird" is sometimes translated as lord and historically signifies
2700-537: The site of an assembly of the three estates – clergy, nobility and burgesses – organised by Alexander III in 1276 as a predecessor of the Parliament of Scotland . Although written information of a charter for the modern town was lost, evidence suggested that this existed as one of the many properties owned by the Earls of Fife by 1294. During the middle of the 14th century, the burgh started to pay customs on taxable incomes, which probably meant that royal burgh status
2760-563: The south of the town on the A914 and A916 is the Category A-listed Hill of Tarvit mansion house and nearby scheduled monument Scotstarvit Tower . The Hill of Tarvit was formerly known as Wemyss Hall, designed by Sir Walter Bruce around 1692. When the house was sold in 1904, Robert Lorimer was commissioned to design a bigger house compared to the existing Wemyss Hall to be able to hold the owner's French architecture. This
2820-471: The southern United States. The name "Traille" is recorded in the Cajun community in the southern United States . In the 19th century the sons of Robert Traill settled in Argentina , where his grandson Johnny Traill became the first Irish-Argentine 10-goal polo player. Other branches of the family settled in Australia , Canada and New Zealand . The book Silver River by Daisy Goodwin gives
2880-478: The term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England. An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons. Laird (earlier lard )
2940-466: The title of Laird. This is despite the fact that the buyer does not acquire ownership of the plot because registration of the plot is prohibited by Land Registration (Scotland) Act 2012, s 22 (1)(b). As ownership of land in Scotland requires registration of a valid disposition under Land Registration (Scotland) Act 2012, s 50 (2), the prohibition on registration of a souvenir plot means the buyer does not acquire ownership, and accordingly has no entitlement to
3000-489: The town centre. The station is situated on the East Coast Main Line, served by ScotRail and CrossCountry with regular services running between Edinburgh Waverley and Aberdeen . Nearby stations are located to the north-east of the town at Leuchars and to the south of the town in neighbouring Springfield (limited service) and Ladybank . The nearest major international airport is Edinburgh airport with
3060-493: The work of the SRUC Rural Business Centre. An express bus service connects the town every hour between Edinburgh and St Andrews and also between Glasgow and St Andrews . Other services run less frequently from Stirling and various local villages through Cupar to St Andrews . An express service also runs via the town from Kirkcaldy to Dundee . A railway station can be found to the south-east of
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#17328014053313120-649: Was also Rector of Skull during the Great Famine and tried to alleviate the lot of the poor and to draw attention to their plight. He was also the first Irish translator of The Jewish War of Flavius Josephus . His story was featured on TV in Victoria Series 2 Episode 6, which dealt with the impact on the Queen of the Famine, her correspondence and meeting with the Reverend. In 1904 Anthony Traill (1838–1914)
3180-821: Was appointed provost (i.e. head) of Trinity College, Dublin . William Atcheson Traill (1844–1933) was an Irish engineer and co-founder of the Giant's Causeway Railway and Tramway Company , opened in 1887. In the mid 17th century, Trails acquired and settled land in the North America , in Massachusetts and in Maryland . The Maryland area, New Scotland Hundred , eventually became the city of Washington DC . The Maryland Trails also held estates in what are now Montgomery County and Frederick County . The name also spread to Louisiana , Alabama , and other parts of
3240-409: Was born in 1603. He was son of Colonel James Traill, of Killcleary, Ireland, Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Henry, Prince of Wales , and grandson of the Laird of Blebo, and Matilda Melvill of Carnbee. He graduated with an M.A. from St Andrews on 21 July 1621. He later studied at the Protestant College of Saumur . He was an English tutor in France to the sister of the Duke of Rohan in 1628. Blebo,
3300-418: Was completed around 1907 and 1908, granting the present name Hill of Tarvit . The house's interior showcased the owner's love of antique furniture ranging from Flemish tapestries; Louis V ; Louis XI ; English and Scottish have been considered to be Lormier's best work. The service accommodation showcases the range of rooms and equipment used by a family, prior to the First World War . Situated between
3360-443: Was completed. Shops include Burger King, Costa Coffee, B&M, Card Factory, Indigo Sun, Baynes the Baker and Nimbus Beds. Cupar has an unusual golf course on the side of a hill to the South of town at Hill of Tarvit. The club was founded on 7 November 1855. Cupar Golf Club is rich with history and is probably the oldest nine-hole club in the world. The Kingarrock course at Hill Tarvit Mansion house uses hickory shafted clubs, in
3420-401: Was granted sometime between 1294 and 1328. The oldest document, referring to the royal burgh, was a grant by Robert II in 1381 to give a port at Guardbridge on the River Eden to help boost trade with Flanders . This grant was officially recognised by James II in 1428. Cupar is represented by several tiers of elected government. Cupar Community Council is the lowest. Its statutory role
3480-420: Was moved to building at Castlehill (not to be confused by Castlehill Primary School). Westfield Family Nurture Centre was opened in 1981 as part of Castlehill Primary School, but was made independent at some point. It is Cupar's only nursery. Castlehill Primary School opened to pupils on the present site in 1975 and is located on the town's outskirts and has enrollment of 420. St Columbas R C Primary School
3540-515: Was opened in 2006. It serves the Catholic community of Cupar and the surrounding area. It also enrols non-catholic pupils. Kilmaron School caters for pupils that have complex additional support needs. It was built in 1964, and takes in pupils from the ages of 3–18 years. Bell Baxter High School located on Carslogie Road, serves both the town and surrounding villages. Bell Baxter was originally situated at Westport between 1890 and 2010. In 1962, Bell Baxter started to move to Carslogie Road, with just
3600-450: Was sold to developers at the end of 2019. The historic town centre is the junction of Bonnygate and the Crossgate. This is where the town's mercat cross , is located with the original shaft being supported by a unicorn. It dates from 1683. To the east is St Catherine Street, home to the burgh chambers and county buildings, both designed by Robert Hutchison. The Category B listed Cupar Burgh Chambers , built between 1815 and 1817, contains
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