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82-656: The municipality lies at a bow in the river Moselle between Trier and Koblenz , among the sloped vineyards of the Calmont , which with an elevation of 380 m above sea level and a slope of roughly 65° is Europe ’s steepest vineyard location. This stretches along the Moselle from Ediger-Eller to Bremm, and is part of the Mosel wine region . In 1051, Bremm had its first documentary mention as Brembe . Nevertheless, Bremm would seem to be considerably older. Many finds at

164-403: A 36 km (22 mi) long condominium from Apach, a common Germany–Luxembourg sovereign area with a division of responsibilities set out in a 1976 agreement. The International Moselle Company, initially set up in 1957 to finance the construction of the river's upgrade, manages the shipping charges and the operation and maintenance of the waterway which they are used to fund. Today the Moselle

246-545: A drive to cross the Moselle at Dieulouard and split the German forces. Under the orders of Major General Manton S. Eddy, the 80th Infantry Division was given the objective of establishing a bridgehead that would allow Combat Command A (CCA) of the 4th Armored Division to advance into the rear of German forces and encircle the city of Nancy. On September 13, 1944, the 80th Division launched their assault accompanied by extensive artillery and air support, which helped to suppress

328-561: A fess wavy Or, sinister argent a cross patriarchal gules, in base vert a bunch of grapes slipped of the second. The charge on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side refers to the picturesque ruin across the Moselle from the village, on the right bank. It is what is left of the Stuben Augustinian Convent. The double cross ( Patriarchal cross ) on the sinister (armsbearer's left, viewer's right) side

410-517: A major decline in the number of so-called Nebenerwerbswinzer (vintners for whom it is a secondary occupation), and the small, family farming operations that, until the end of the 1960s formed the majority of wine businesses. Comparative figures by the Chamber of Agriculture for Rhineland-Palatinate for several wine villages on the Lower Moselle show that there were still 797 wine businesses in

492-686: A monastery in Padula , Salerno, Italy . Saint Lawrence is one of Canada's patron saints. On his second voyage, French explorer Jacques Cartier , arriving in the river estuary of the North American Great Lakes on the Feast of St. Lawrence in 1535, named it the Gulf of St. Lawrence . The river emptying into the gulf was named the St. Lawrence River . Many names in what are now Québec and

574-744: A more nuanced view of Moselle wine that, a few years before, had been characterised by overproduction, label scandals and cheap offers. On 10 November 2006 in Burg , the Moselle Regional Initiative was founded. The introduction of the Moselle as an umbrella brand was based on that of the Eifel region and covers products and services from the areas of agriculture, forestry, tourism, handicrafts and nature. Lawrence of Rome Saint Lawrence or Laurence ( Latin : Laurentius , lit. " laurelled "; 31 December 225 – 10 August 258)

656-609: A path running for 365 km (227 mi) from Perl on the Upper Moselle to Koblenz . Numerous Moselle Trail "partner trails", the so-called side branches ( Seitensprünge ) and "dream paths" ( Traumpfade ) enhance the hiking network in the Moselle Valley. The ADAC 's Rallye Deutschland has taken place since 2000 in the vineyards along the Moselle at Veldenz , Dhron , Piesport , Minheim , Kesten , Trittenheim , Fell , Ruwertal and Trier . At Koblenz Locks

738-473: A region that was cultivated by the Romans. Today, its hillsides are covered by terraced vineyards where "some of the best Rieslings grow". Many castle ruins sit on the hilltops above wine villages and towns along the slopes. Traben-Trarbach with its art nouveau architecture and Bernkastel-Kues with its traditional market square are two of the many tourist attractions on the Moselle river. The name Moselle

820-580: Is Hermann Oster. The German blazon reads: Durch aufsteigende, eingebogene grüne Spitze, darin eine goldene Traube, gespalten; vorne in Schwarz drei goldene Spitzbogenfenster, darunter goldener Wellenbalken; hinten in Silber rotes griechisches Doppelkreuz. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Tierced in mantle, dexter sable three ogival windows in fess under which

902-633: Is a left bank tributary of the Rhine , which it joins at Koblenz . A small part of Belgium is in its basin as it includes the Sauer and the Our . Its lower course "twists and turns its way between Trier and Koblenz along one of Germany's most beautiful river valleys." In this section the land to the north is the Eifel which stretches into Belgium ; to the south lies the Hunsrück . The river flows through

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984-499: Is a south-facing slope with extremely favourable climatic conditions. The Romans’ name also yields the modern name, “Calmont”. The slopes, set at between 50 and 55°, are Europe's steepest vineyard terraces. Grown here are most outstanding Riesling wines, which at both state and federal levels achieve high awards. The greatest part of the vineyards and lands formerly belonged to the Stuben Augustinian Convent. Winegrowing has been throughout time an important economic activity and still

1066-583: Is also car-free as part of Happy Moselle Day. A number of notable castles and ruins adorn the heights above the Moselle valley and many are visible on a boat trip on the Moselle. In 1910, a hiking trail, the Moselle Ridgeway, was established which runs for 185 km (115 mi) on the Eifel side and 262 km (163 mi) on the Hunsrück side. Another unusual trail runs from Ediger-Eller via

1148-452: Is among the now 970 inhabitants. A considerable rôle is played by the marketing of bottled Qualitätswein and Prädikatswein . The roughly 100 ha of vineyards within Bremm's municipal area is shared among five individual vineyard operators – Einzellagen – since the reapportionment: Calmont, Abtei Kloster Stuben, Frauenberg, Schlemmertröpfchen and Laurentiusberg. For a few years now,

1230-729: Is derived from the Celtic name form, Mosela , via the Latin Mosella , a diminutive form of Mosa , the Latin description of the Meuse , which used to flow parallel to the Moselle. So the Mosella was the "Little Meuse". The Moselle is first recorded by Tacitus in Book 13 of his Annals and in Book 4 of his Histories . The Roman poet Ausonius made it a literary theme as early as

1312-450: Is in the writings of Gregory of Tours (538–594), who mentions the following: A priest named Fr. Sanctulus was rebuilding a church of St. Lawrence, which had been attacked and burnt, and hired many workmen to accomplish the job. At one point during the construction, he found himself with nothing to feed them. He prayed to St. Lawrence for help, and looking in his basket he found a fresh, white loaf of bread. It seemed to him too small to feed

1394-488: Is named the " Quartiere San Lorenzo ". Because the Perseid Meteor Shower typically occurs annually in mid-August on or proximate to his feast day, some refer to the shower as the "Tears of St Lawrence". His intercession to God is invoked by librarians , archivists , comedians , cooks and tanners as their patron. He is the patron saint of Ampleforth Abbey , whose Benedictine monks founded one of

1476-962: Is navigable for large cargo ships up to 110 metres (360 ft) long from the Rhine in Koblenz up to Neuves-Maisons , south of Nancy. For smaller ships it is connected to other parts of France through the Canal de la Meuse and the Canal de la Marne au Rhin . There are locks in Koblenz , Lehmen , Müden , Fankel , Sankt Aldegund , Enkirch , Zeltingen , Wintrich , Detzem , Trier , Grevenmacher , Palzem , Apach , Kœnigsmacker , Thionville , Richemont , Talange , Metz , Ars-sur-Moselle , Pagny-sur-Moselle , Blénod-lès-Pont-à-Mousson , Custines , Pompey , Aingeray , Fontenoy-sur-Moselle , Toul , Villey-le-Sec , and Neuves-Maisons. By 1970 more than 10 million tonnes of goods were being transported on

1558-532: Is on German soil in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland ; the Luxembourg part has an area of about 1,300 ha (3,200 acres) (see Wine in Luxembourg ). Upstream on the Moselle the vineyards extend into France as far as Seille in the region of Côtes de Moselle with an area of 130 ha (320 acres) and to the region around Toul ( Côtes de Toul ) covering 110 ha (270 acres). The German Moselle wine region, including its tributaries, bears

1640-688: Is on the Moselle, at the site of the France–Germany–Luxembourg tripoint, that the Schengen Agreement was signed in 1985, leading to the abolishment of border controls within the Schengen Area . The Moselle valley between Metz and Thionville is an industrial area, with coal mining and steel manufacturers. The Moselle valley is famous for its scenery and wine. Most well-known is the German Mosel wine region , while

1722-511: Is the patron of many Anglican parish churches, including 228 in England . A major church in Sydney , Australia, in the former civil parish of St Laurence, is known as " Christ Church St Laurence ". The Anglican charitable society, Brotherhood of St Laurence also bears his name. According to Francesco Moraglia the role of deacon is distinguished by service of the poor. He is destined both to

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1804-579: The Calmont Trail to Bremm through the steepest vineyard in Europe. Before the construction of barrages the Moselle was a popular route for folding kayaks which is why many of the weirs have boat channels. The river is still used today by canoeists , especially during the annual week-long lock closures when no commercial shipping is permitted. In April 2014 the Moselle Trail was opened,

1886-760: The French Government "to initiate, before the establishment of the Common Market , negotiations with the governments concerned in order to achieve a rapid implementation of the canalisation of the Moselle between Thionville and Koblenz . The River was canalised between Metz and Thionville , via a canal opened in 1964 by the Grand Duchess, Charlotte of Luxembourg , the Federal Chancellor of Germany, Konrad Adenauer and their host, Charles de Gaulle , President of France. It

1968-681: The Holy Mass as celebrated in the Latin Church . Lawrence is especially honoured in the city of Rome , of which he is considered the third patron after St. Peter and St. Paul . The church built over his tomb, the Papal Minor Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura , became one of the seven principal churches of Rome and a favourite place of Roman pilgrimages. The area proximate to the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura

2050-654: The Maritime Provinces of Canada are references to this important seaway, e. g., the Laurentian mountains north of the city of Montreal , Saint-Laurent (borough) , Saint Lawrence Boulevard which spans the width of the Island of Montreal , and St. Lawrence County, New York , United States near Lake Ontario . In the province of Ontario, St. Lawrence is a prominent, historic neighbourhood in old centre of Toronto (formerly named York), now most known for

2132-625: The Moselle valley forms the division between the Eifel and Hunsrück mountain regions. The average flow rate of the Moselle at its mouth is 328 m /s (11,600 cu ft/s), making it the second largest tributary of the Rhine by volume after the Aare (560 m /s; 20,000 cu ft/s) and bigger than the Main and Neckar . The section of the Moselle from the France – Germany – Luxembourg tripoint near Schengen to its confluence with

2214-500: The Mosellum offers exhibitions about the migration of fish in the Moselle as well as water ecology, navigation and power generation. With the construction of the visitor and information centre the most modern fish ladder along the Moselle was opened. The Moselle winegrowing region lies along the Moselle with a cultivated area of about 10,540 ha (26,000 acres). The largest part, currently just under 9,000 ha (22,000 acres),

2296-704: The Quaternary period, the Rhenish Massif slowly rose, the meanders of the Moselle were formed between the Trier Valley and the Neuwied Basin . The highest navigable water level (HSW) is 6.95 m (22 ft 10 in) and normal level (NSt) is 2.00 m (6 ft 7 in) at the Trier Gauge ( Pegel Trier ). High water : Low water : The Moselle was known to the Romans by

2378-571: The Rhenish Massif , the most striking of which is the Cochemer Krampen between Bremm and Cochem . Also typical are its vineyard terraces. From the tripoint the Moselle marks the entire Saarland–Luxembourg border. The catchment area of the Moselle is 28,286 km (10,921 sq mi) in area. The French part covers 15,360 km (5,930 sq mi), about 54 percent of the entire catchment. The German state of Rhineland-Palatinate has 6,980 km (2,690 sq mi),

2460-691: The Rhine at the Deutsches Eck in Koblenz at a height of 59 m (194 ft) above NHN sea level. The length of the river in France is 313 km (194 mi), for 39 km (24 mi) it forms the border between Germany and Luxembourg, and 208 km (129 mi) is solely within Germany. The Moselle flows through the Lorraine region, west of the Vosges. Further downstream, in Germany,

2542-632: The Saar near Konz shortly before Trier is in Germany known (geographically incorrectly ) as the Upper Moselle . The section from Trier to Pünderich is the Middle Moselle , the section between Pünderich and its mouth in Koblenz as the Lower Moselle or Terraced Moselle ( Terrassenmosel ). Characteristic of the Middle and Lower Moselle are its wide meanders cut deeply into the highlands of

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2624-565: The Saarland 2,569 km (992 sq mi), Luxembourg 2,521 km (973 sq mi), Wallonia in Belgium 767 km (296 sq mi) and North Rhine-Westphalia , 88 km (34 sq mi). The three largest tributaries of the Moselle are, in alphabetical order, the Meurthe , the Saar and the Sauer . The Meurthe was the old upper course of the Moselle, until

2706-658: The Storchenhaus (“Stork House”) with woodcarving. The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate ’s Directory of Cultural Monuments: As early as 2,000 years ago, the Romans , having recognized the advantages of the slaty soil on the steep slopes facing the sun, planted here in the Bremmer Calmont the first grapevines. They called the hill calidus mons – the hot hill – for it

2788-507: The monastery built by King Philip II of Spain , commemorates his victory at the Battle of St. Quentin (1557) on the Feast of St. Lawrence. The monastery and the attached palace, college, and library are laid out in a pattern that resembles the gridiron of Lawrence's martyrdom. The gridiron of Lawrence is also thought the basis of the design of the Certosa di San Lorenzo di Padula , which is

2870-523: The via ferrata through the Bremmer Calmont each year draws many visitors to the municipality. Moselle (river) The Moselle ( / m oʊ ˈ z ɛ l / moh- ZEL , French: [mɔzɛl] ; German : Mosel [ˈmoːzl̩] ; Luxembourgish : Musel [ˈmuzəl] ) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany . It

2952-598: The 4th century. In his poem dated 371, called Mosella , which was published in 483 hexameters , this poet of the Late Antiquity and teacher at the Trier Imperial Court ( Kaiserhof ) described a journey from Bingen over the Hunsrück hills to the Moselle and then following its course to Trier on the road named after him, the Via Ausonia. Ausonius describes flourishing and rich landscapes along

3034-481: The Church's crown." The prefect was so angry that he had a great gridiron prepared with hot coals beneath it and had Lawrence placed on it, hence Lawrence's association with the gridiron. After the martyr had suffered pain for a long time, the legend concludes, he cheerfully declared: "I'm well done on this side. Turn me over!" From this, St. Lawrence derives his patronage of cooks , chefs , and comedians . Lawrence

3116-581: The Feast of St. Lawrence, and sometimes on other occasions, the blood in the ampulla miraculously liquefies during the Feast and re-coagulates by the following day. Due to his conspiring to hide and protect the written documents of the Church, Lawrence is known as the patron saint of archivists and librarians. Lawrence is one of the most widely venerated saints of the Roman Catholic Church . Legendary details of his death were known to Damasus, Prudentius, Ambrose, and Augustine. Devotion to him

3198-503: The German defenses. The division managed to establish a foothold on the east bank of the river, securing a bridgehead at Dieulouard. With the bridgehead secured, Combat Command A of the 4th Armored Division crossed the Moselle and advanced towards Nancy, encircling the city and cutting off German supply lines. The 80th Division continued its advance, pushing towards the northeast and engaging in fierce combat with German forces. The operations to capture Nancy continued until September 15 when

3280-533: The Luxembourg winegrowing region is called Moselle Luxembourgeoise and the French region is called AOC Moselle . Most notable among the wines produced here are Riesling , Elbling , Müller-Thurgau , Kerner , and Auxerrois . The German part of the Moselle is a tourist destination. After the Second World War, France pressed to be able to ply the Moselle with larger ships in order to be able to link

3362-516: The Middle and Lower Moselle. There are also yachting or sports marinas in the following places: Koblenz , Winningen , Brodenbach , Burgen , Löf , Hatzenport , Senheim , Treis , Traben-Trarbach , Kues , Neumagen , Pölich , Schweich , Trier and Konz . The Moselle is linked near Toul via the Canal de la Marne au Rhin with inter alia the Meuse , the Saône and the Rhône . Other canals link

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3444-631: The Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo in Panisperna was erected over the site of his martyrdom. The gridiron of the martyrdom was placed by Pope Paschal II in the Minor Basilica of San Lorenzo in Lucina . The Roman Catholic Church erected six churches on the sites in Rome traditionally associated with his martyrdom: Also in Rome are three other significant churches that are dedicated to Saint Lawrence but not associated with his life: The life and miracles of Lawrence were collected in The Acts of St Lawrence but those writings have been lost. The earliest existing documentation of miracles associated with him

3526-411: The Moselle are: From Trier downstream the Moselle separates the two Central Upland ranges of the Eifel (to the northwest) and the Hunsrück (to the southeast). The Vosges , the present source region of the Moselle, were formed about 50 million years ago. In the Miocene and Pliocene epochs the ancient Moselle ( Urmosel ) was already a tributary of the ancient Rhine ( Ur-Rhein ). When, in

3608-679: The Moselle at its confluence is the Moselotte , which is about 40% greater by volumetric flow and thus represents the main branch of the Moselle system. At its mouth, the Moselle delivers 328 m /s (11,600 cu ft/s) of water into the Rhine after flowing for 544 km (338 mi). Madon , Terrouin , Esch , Rupt de Mad , Orne , Fensch , Gander , Syre , Sauer , Kyll , Salm , Lieser , Alf , Endert , Brohlbach , Elz . Moselotte , Vologne , Meurthe , Seille , Saar , Olewiger Bach , Avelsbach , Ruwer , Feller Bach , Dhron , Ahringsbach , Kautenbach , Lützbach , Flaumbach , Altlayer Bach , Baybach , Ehrbach . Towns along

3690-466: The Moselle valley run the Moselle Wine Route and the Moselle Cycleway, which may be cycled from Metz in France via Trier to Koblenz on the River Rhine , a distance of 311 km (193 mi). Between Koblenz and Trier, large sections run on the trackbed of the old Moselle Valley Railway, far from the noise and fumes of motor vehicles. Every year on the Sunday after Pentecost , the 140 km (87 mi) of road between Schweich and Cochem

3772-436: The Moselle, the majority on towed barges. Upstream freight mainly comprised fuel and ores; downstream the main goods were steel products, gravel and rocks. There is an inland port at Trier , a transshipment site in Zell (Mosel) ; and there are other ports in Mertert , Thionville , Metz and Frouard . In addition to freighters there are also pleasure boats for tourists between the very busy wine villages and small towns of

3854-428: The Patriarchal cross. The bunch of grapes, of course, refers to the municipality's main economic structure, which is winegrowing . The arms were designed by Decku in Sankt Wendel ( Saarland ). The arms have been borne since 11 January 1968. In Saint Lawrence's Church is a Baroque altar . A ruin is all that is left of the Stuben Augustinian Convent. There are in Bremm several timber-frame houses, among them

3936-421: The Saint, to honor a devotional promise made by Spanish settlers during the 1692 Pueblo Revolt . Among the festivities are a set of dances performed by matachines . An image of the saint is kept in the house of a local family throughout the year, and a vigil and feast are held from 9–11 August. It is one of the oldest dancing processions in the New World. In Fargo , season 1, episode 3, Lorne Malvo notes

4018-510: The canal via Breisach. In 1958 work began and by 26 May 1964 the Moselle could be officially opened from Metz to Koblenz as a major waterway for shipping with 14 locks . France extended it by 1979 as far as Neuves-Maisons . With that, 394 km (245 mi) of the Moselle have been upgraded with a total of 28 locks. In the years 1992 to 1999 the navigable channel was deepened from 2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) to 3.0 m (9 ft 10 in), which enables 1,500-tonne freighters to use

4100-445: The care of the treasury and riches of the Church and the distribution of alms to the indigent. St. Cyprian , Bishop of Carthage , noted that at the time the norm was that Christians who were denounced were executed and all their goods confiscated by the Imperial treasury. At the beginning of August 258, the Emperor Valerian issued an edict that all bishops , priests , and deacons should immediately be put to death. Pope Sixtus II

4182-402: The city was liberated by the combined efforts of the 80th Infantry Division and the 4th Armored Division. The successful crossing of the Moselle River and the capture of Nancy dealt a significant blow to German defenses in northeastern France and further contributed to the Allied advance towards Germany. In the act of 10 April 1952 ratifying the treaty instituted by the ECSC , Article 2 charged

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4264-399: The contest Unser Dorf hat Zukunft (“Our Village Has a Future”). The council is made up of 12 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairwoman. The 12 seats are shared between two voters’ groups. In the earlier election in 2004, council members were elected by majority vote . Bremm's mayor

4346-482: The early 1960s, but by the early 2000s there were only just under 100. There has been the opposite trend amongst the established traditional wine estates and more recent vintners with a sound education in oenology and business management, who have increased their business through the reclamation of once renowned, but long forgotten sites. The end of the 20th century saw the rediscovery of the use of special terroir in order to improve quality and value, which has led to

4428-479: The expansive St. Lawrence Market. The Laurentian Mountains gave rise to the name for the Laurential Plateau, or the Canadian Shield. In Switzerland , Saint Lawrence is represented on the coat of arms of the city of Bülach with a gridiron. The rescue operation for the miners trapped in the 2010 Copiapó mining accident in Chile was named Operacíon San Lorenzo after Lawrence, patron saint of miners. Bernalillo, New Mexico celebrates three days of devotions to

4510-418: The future Pope Sixtus II , a famous teacher born in Greece, in Caesaraugusta ( Zaragoza ), and they travelled together from Hispania to Rome. When Sixtus became the pope in 257, he ordained the young Lawrence who was only 32, as a deacon , and later appointed him as " archdeacon of Rome", the first among the seven deacons who served in the cathedral church . This was a position of great trust that included

4592-634: The growing and manufacturing name of "Mosel". For marketing reasons the agricultural authorities of the region have divided it into six winegrowing areas. The wine literature and specialist press, by contrast, divide the region into four areas based on geomorphological, micro-climatic and also historical reasons: The wine industry on the German Moselle has been declining for decades. In 2005, statistics showed there were 10,375 ha (25,640 acres) of vineyard; by 2012 this had fallen to just 8,491 ha (20,980 acres). The vineyards that have fallen fallow are mostly those on extremely steep hillsides. There has been

4674-414: The industrial regions of Lorraine . When, in 1955, the population on the Saar voted to belong to West Germany, France demanded as "compensation" an upgrade of the Moselle. On 27 October 1956 they concluded the Moselle Treaty with Germany and Luxembourg for a canalisation of the Moselle and conceded to Germany in return the extension of the Grand Canal d'Alsace on the Upper Rhine instead of an extension of

4756-458: The latter captured the former upper reaches of the Meuse and took it over. However, the Meuse only delivered a little more water than the Meurthe at its confluence. The Saar is the biggest of all the tributaries (78.2 m /s; 2,760 cu ft/s) as well as the longest (246 km; 153 mi). The Sauer is the largest left-hand tributary and drains the region on either side of the German-Luxembourg border. The largest tributary relative to

4838-400: The name of Flumen Musalla (in the Tabula Peutingeriana ), and the river was romanticised by the poet Ausonius around 371. From 1815, the Moselle formed the border between the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and Prussia ( German Empire in 1871). During World War II the Moselle was a barrier as the Allies advanced toward Berlin. In September 1944, the American Third Army in France mounted

4920-423: The prefect. On the third day, at the head of a small delegation, he presented himself to the prefect. When ordered to deliver the treasures of the Church, he presented the city's indigent, crippled, blind, and suffering, and declared that these were the true treasures of the Church: "Here are the treasures of the church. You see, the church is truly rich, far richer than your emperor!" As a deacon in Rome, Lawrence

5002-421: The river and in the valley of the Moselle, thanks to the policies of their Roman rulers. The river subsequently gave its name to two French republican départements : Moselle and Meurthe-et-Moselle . The source of the Moselle is at 715 m (2,346 ft) above sea level on the Col de Bussang on the western slopes of the Ballon d'Alsace in the Vosges . After 544 km (338 mi) it discharges into

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5084-409: The river to the North Sea and even the Mediterranean . There is a total of 28 changes of level on the Moselle: With the exception of Detzem, all the structures at each change in level are laid-out side by side; the lock is by one riverbank, the weir in the middle and the hydropower plant on the other bank. Between the lock and weir are a boat slipway and channel and boat lock, while between

5166-456: The river, a 20% increase in capacity. The channel has a width of 40 m (130 ft), more on the bends. The Moselle Commission , founded in 1962 with its head office in Trier, is responsible for navigation. The Moselle Shipping Police Act which it has produced is valid in all three participant states from Metz to Koblenz. In 1921 the Moselle (Mo) became a Reich waterway, today it is a federal waterway ( Bundeswasserstraße ) from Apach at

5248-411: The same term it uses for Pope Sixtus II, who was martyred by decapitation during the same persecution 4 days earlier. Emperor Constantine I is held to have erected a small oratory in honour of Lawrence, which was a station on the itineraries of the graves of the Roman martyrs by the seventh century. Pope Damasus I rebuilt or repaired the church, now the Basilica di San Lorenzo fuori le Mura , while

5330-567: The service of the table ( corporal works of mercy ) and to the service of the word ( spiritual works of mercy ). "The beauty, power and the heroism of [d]eacons such as Lawrence help to discover and come to a deeper meaning of the special nature of the diaconal ministry." Many churches, schools, parishes, towns, and geographic features throughout the world are named for Lawrence of Rome. Depending on locality they are named St. Lawrence , St. Laurence , San Lorenzo , St. Laurent , St. Lorenz or similarly in other languages. San Lorenzo del Escorial ,

5412-453: The south slope lying south of Bremm have led to the conclusion that the place was settled as early as Roman times. Possibly in the early centuries of the Christian era, either a small settlement or a great homestead lay there. While cultivating the land in the 1950s, winegrowers reported problems that arose during ploughing due to foundation walls in the ground. Fragments of typically Roman building materials at this time lent further weight to

5494-488: The stained glass window of St Lawrence in Stavros' office, in response to which Stavros narrates his martyrdom, in " A Muddy Road ". In a scene in the 1992 film Lorenzo's Oil , Augusto, Michaela, and Lorenzo tell a story about St Lawrence and refer to his Feast Day as "The Night of The Shooting Stars". Marc-Antoine Charpentier , Motet de Saint Laurent , H.321, for one voice, two treble instruments and contino, 1677-78 Several other saints were also named "Lawrence" (or

5576-413: The supposition of Bremm’s Roman origin. In the Middle Ages , Bremm’s most important landholder was until 1802 the Stuben Augustinian Convent. The first church was mentioned in 1097. The one that stands now was built in the late 15th century; in 1895 it was remodelled and enlarged. Like all the municipality’s foregoing churches, it is consecrated to Saint Lawrence . The lovely Baroque altar from 1630

5658-480: The tradition arose is proposed that as the result of a mistake in transcription, the omission of the letter "p" – "by which the customary and solemn formula for announcing the death of a martyr – passus est ["he suffered," that is, was martyred] – was made to read assus est [he was roasted]." The Liber Pontificalis , which is held to draw from sources independent of the existing traditions and Acta regarding Lawrence, uses passus est concerning him,

5740-400: The tripoint to its mouth on the Rhine at kilometre point 592.29 in Koblenz. The waterway is 242 km (150 mi) long and managed by the Trier and Koblenz Water and Shipping Offices ( Wasser- und Schifffahrtsämtern Trier und Koblenz ). It is categorized as a European waterway of Class Vb. Its kilometrage begins at its mouth at kilometre point 0 and runs upstream. Since 1816 it has formed

5822-422: The weir and the power station is the fish ladder . The structures have been blended into the landscape through their low-level design; this was achieved by the choice of sector gates for the weir, vertically lowering upper gates and mitred lower lock gates. The water levels and hydropower works are controlled by the Fankel Central Control Station ( Zentralwarte Fankel ) of the RWE Power Company at Fankel . Through

5904-459: The workmen, but in faith he began to serve it to the men. While he broke the bread, it so multiplied that his workmen fed from it for ten days. The mediaeval Church of St Mary Assumed (Chiesa di Santa Maria Assunta) in the small commune of Amaseno , Lazio , Italy houses the famous reliquary of the ampulla containing relics of Lawrence, namely a quantum of his blood, a fragment of his flesh, some fat and ashes. Tradition holds that annually, on

5986-667: The world's leading public schools for British (and other) Roman Catholics, located in North Yorkshire . The Festival of San Lorenzo is a religious celebration occurring every year in Tarapacá , Chile. Within Anglicanism Lawrence's name is traditionally spelled Laurence or Lawrence . His feast is on 10 August which is in the calendar of the Book of Common Prayer , the volume of prayers which, in its 1662 format,

6068-438: Was captured on 6 August 258, at the cemetery of St. Callixtus while celebrating the liturgy and was executed immediately. After the death of Sixtus, the prefect of Rome demanded that Lawrence turn over the riches of the Church, and St. Ambrose wrote that Lawrence asked for three days to gather the wealth. He worked swiftly to distribute as much Church property to the indigent as possible to prevent it from being seized by

6150-837: Was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians that the Roman emperor Valerian ordered in 258. Lawrence is thought to have been born on 31 December AD 225, in Huesca (or less probably, in Valencia ), the town from which his parents came in the later region of Aragon that was then part of the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis . The martyrs Orentius (Modern Spanish: San Orencio ) and Patientia (Modern Spanish: Santa Paciencia ) are traditionally held to have been his parents. Lawrence encountered

6232-457: Was responsible for the material goods of the Church and the distribution of alms to the poor. Ambrose of Milan related that when the treasures of the Church were demanded of Lawrence by the prefect of Rome, he brought forward the poor, to whom he had distributed the treasure as alms. "Behold in these poor persons the treasures which I promised to show you; to which I will add pearls and precious stones, those widows and consecrated virgins, which are

6314-886: Was sentenced at San Lorenzo in Miranda and imprisoned in San Lorenzo in Fonte, where he baptized fellow prisoners. He was martyred in San Lorenzo in Panisperna and was buried in San Lorenzo fuori le Mura . The Almanac of Filocalus for 354 states that he was buried in the Catacomb of Cyriaca on the Via Tiburtina by Hippolytus and Justin the Confessor , a presbyter. One of the early sources for his martyrdom

6396-534: Was sold to Schloss Gondorf at the time of the remodelling, but in 1968 it was bought back for DM  30,000. Beginning in 1794, Bremm lay under French rule. In 1815, it was assigned to the Kingdom of Prussia at the Congress of Vienna . Since 1946, it has been part of the then newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate . In 2002, Bremm was awarded the title “Loveliest Village in Rhineland-Palatinate ” in

6478-560: Was the convent's hallmark and was drawn from a well known cross reliquary whose chest from Constantinople today belongs to the Limburg Cathedral Treasury. From 1208, the reliquary, whose golden setting for the cross particles are set in the shape of a Patriarchal cross, was in the convent's ownership. Boundary stones marking the convent's former vineyards, landholdings and woodlands still bear this symbol. Remnants of an old winepress and one house door in Bremm also bear

6560-487: Was the description of Aurelius Prudentius Clemens in his Peristephanon , Hymn 2. Despite the Church being in possession of the actual gridiron, historian Patrick J. Healy opines that the traditional account of how Lawrence was martyred is "not worthy of credence," as the slow, lingering death cannot be reconciled "with the express command contained in the edict regarding bishops, priests, and deacons ( animadvertantur ) which ordinarily meant decapitation." A theory of how

6642-556: Was the founding liturgical document of a majority of Anglican provinces. In the Book of Common Prayer the feast is titled "S Laurence, Archdeacon of Rome and Martyr". His feast on 10 August has been carried into the contemporary calendars of most Anglican provinces, Laurence is remembered in the Church of England with a Lesser Festival under the title "Laurence, deacon, martyr, 258" on 10 August. Anglo-Catholics venerate Lawrence, who

6724-592: Was widespread by the fourth century. His liturgical celebration on 10 August has the rank of feast in the General Roman Calendar , consistent with the oldest of Christian calendars, e. g. the Almanac of Philocalus for the year 354, the inventory of which contains the principal feasts of the Roman martyrs of the middle of the fourth century. He remains one of the saints enumerated in the "Roman Canon" of

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