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38-422: The city is renowned for its large weekly market, which attracts traders from across Southern Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire . On February 12, 2007, the town's police station was ransacked amidst the resumption of protests and strikes against President Lansana Conté . In 2014, volunteers organized by Guéckédou's Red Cross worked in sanitation, disinfection, and monitoring efforts to help contain

76-745: A coup d'état . Conté, a member of the Susu people (or Sousou), used the opportunity to eliminate rival soldiers from the Malinké ethnic group, including former Prime Minister Diarra Traoré . On 3 April 1990, Conté was promoted to the rank of Army General. Conté's economic reforms, including currency devaluation and reduction of government spending met with approval of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and realignment with western nations encouraged foreign investments. He initiated Guinea's transition to civilian, multiparty rule in

114-526: A general nationwide strike was held protesting Conté's continued leadership of the country. The strike continued for over two weeks, during which hundreds of thousands of protesters marched in the streets. Within the first two weeks, savage repression by red-caps (Presidential guards) and other security forces left at least twenty protesters dead. By the end of the strike on 27 January, it was reported that at least 90 protesters had died in violent clashes with police and at least 300 had been injured, according to

152-643: A one-party state system . The party was founded as a branch of the African Democratic Rally (RDA) in June 1947. On 19 October 1958, the party severed its links with the RDA, other members of which supported a closer union with France . The party's leader, Ahmed Sékou Touré , became the country's first president. Two years later, he declared the PDG to be the sole legal party in the country. As president of

190-413: A failed assassination attempt. One bodyguard was reportedly wounded. Conté, who was unharmed, went on state radio and television that night to say that he had survived because God had not yet decided it was his time to die. He also mentioned "threats from those who do not wish to see the development of Guinea or those who obey orders given to them from abroad" and vowed that he would "not be manipulated". On

228-413: A fair election. Conté had been in declining health, suffering from diabetes and heart problems, and his ability to serve and survive another full term in office was doubted by many. He was sworn in on 19 January 2004, and in a television broadcast on this occasion, he vowed to fight corruption. On 19 January 2005, shots were reportedly fired at his motorcade on its way into Conakry in what was apparently

266-454: A local human rights group. The strike ended following an agreement between Conté and the labor unions, according to which a new Prime Minister would be appointed as head of government; Conté also agreed to lower rice and fuel prices. On 9 February, Conté appointed Eugène Camara , who had been Minister of State for Presidential Affairs since January, as Prime Minister. This was rejected by the opposition, and widespread violence broke out after

304-408: A mandatory 21-day observation period. 8°34′N 10°08′W  /  8.567°N 10.133°W  / 8.567; -10.133 Lansana Cont%C3%A9 Lansana Conté ( N'Ko : ߟߊ߲߭ߛߣߊ߬ ߞߐ߲ߕߋ߬ ; 30 November 1934 – 22 December 2008 ) was a Guinean politician and military official who served as the second president of Guinea from 1984 until his death in 2008. Conté came to power in

342-580: A new prime minister until the end of January 2007. In April 2006 he was flown to Morocco for medical treatment. Most people expected he would not return, but he did. Then in May 2006 riots in Conakry over the price of rice and fuel led to around twenty deaths as security forces savagely repressed the popular uprising. In August 2006 he was again flown to Switzerland for medical treatment. This time no crowds met him on his return to Guinea. Meanwhile, Henriette Conté,

380-542: The 1984 Guinean coup d'état . Born in Moussayah Loumbaya ( Dubréka ), a member of the Susu ethnic group, he estimated his birthdate to be 1934, although he never knew exactly. Conté was educated at a local Quranic school and attended Dubréka primary school. He then went on to study at military preparatory schools in Bingerville , Côte d'Ivoire and Saint Louis , Senegal . In 1955, he enlisted in

418-925: The 2014 West Africa Ebola outbreak . Some reported they were "encountering resistance in some villages such as Bafassa , Wassaya and Tolebengo in Guéckédou Prefecture , where rumours help fuel the flames of fear ... A main focus of the interventions involves deploying volunteers to communities to raise awareness on how to prevent the spread of the disease and, in the process, address the fear and stigma gripping many communities." The World Health Organization estimated cumulative totals of 227 cases and 173 deaths occurred in Guéckédou as of June 22, 2014. Eleven patients were in Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Treatment Centres in Guéckédou as of that date, and 527 contacts were being followed up on as part of

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456-724: The Camp Boiro detention center was closed down. The country's constitution was immediately suspended after the takeover, along with the National Assembly, and political activity was banned. A 25-member Military Committee of National Restoration (CMRN) was set up and led by Conté, who on 5 April was proclaimed President of the Republic. On 4 July 1985, soldiers loyal to Conté, who was attending an Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) summit in Lomé , Togo, thwarted

494-734: The French Army and was posted to Algeria during the war of independence in 1957. After his service in the French Army, Conté returned to Guinea, which became independent from France on 2 October 1958, and was integrated into the new army with the rank of sergeant . In 1962, he attended the Camp Alpha officer's school in Conakry . Soon after, he was transferred to the 2nd Battalion artillery-training center in Kindia . On 1 July 1963, he

532-442: The PDG, Touré was the only candidate for president of the republic, and as such was elected unopposed to four seven-year terms. Every five years, a single list of PDG candidates was returned to the National Assembly. After the death of Touré and a coup staged by Lansana Conté in 1984, the PDG was dissolved. In 1992, PDG-RDA was revived under the leadership of Ismael Gushein . In the parliamentary election held on 30 June 2002,

570-700: The President's first wife, was accused of flouting the rule of law and taking advantage of the President's physical and mental incapacity to abuse her power. In August 2006 Human Rights Watch produced a 30-page report condemning human rights abuses in Guinea, highlighting the power vacuum resulting from the President's ongoing illness, and expressing concern about the future. In an interview with journalists reported by Guinéenews in October 2006, Lansana Conté said that he intended to stay as president until 2010, which

608-449: The RPG had received a large majority of the vote. Despite Conté's stated commitment to democracy, his regime remained authoritarian. However, he had far less power than Touré, and for the most part his rule was much milder. Conté's government narrowly survived a 2 February 1996 coup attempt that stemmed from an army mutiny over payment of salaries. Several dozen civilians were killed, and

646-422: The appointment. The strike resumed on 12 February, and Conté declared martial law on the same day. On 25 February Conté agreed to a deal to end the strike, and on 26 February he appointed a new Prime Minister, Lansana Kouyaté , from a list of individuals chosen by the unions and representatives of civil society; people returned to work on 27 February. Kouyaté was sworn in on 1 March in a ceremony at which Conté

684-553: The army to secure the borders and maintain calm within the country "in homage to the memory of the illustrious late leader". Six hours after Somparé announced Conté's death, a statement was read on television announcing a coup d'état . This statement, read by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara on behalf of a group called the National Council for Democracy and Development (CNDD), said that "the government and

722-523: The cause of death. According to Somparé, Conté "hid his physical suffering" for years "in order to give happiness to Guinea." Conté had left the country for medical treatment on numerous occasions in the years preceding his death, and speculation about his health had long been widespread. Contrary to his usual practice, Conté did not appear on television to mark Tabaski earlier in December 2008, and this sparked renewed speculation, as well as concern about

760-543: The early 1990s. A new constitution was approved in a referendum held on 23 December 1990 and the CMRN was disbanded on 16 January 1991. It was replaced by the Transitional Committee for National Recovery (CTRN), a body composed of civilians and military officials. Political parties were legalized in 1992 in preparation for upcoming elections. The first multi-party presidential election held since independence

798-452: The funeral. General Mamadou Ba Toto of the CNDD said at the funeral that "we pray God to give us the courage to continue [Conté's] work of tolerance and peace for the welfare of Guinea". Afterwards, his body was buried in the village of Lansanaya in front of his mansion. It was taken out of its coffin and placed into the ground, then covered with handfuls of dirt tossed by mourners. The burial

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836-411: The institutions of the Republic have been dissolved". The statement also announced the suspension of the constitution "as well as political and union activity". Conté's funeral was held in Conakry on 26 December. His body was put on display in the parliament building before being taken to the national stadium, where over 20,000 people were in attendance. Leaders of neighboring countries were present for

874-435: The kind that led to his appointment a year earlier. Through this dismissal and the appointment of Souaré, who was considered close to Conté, Conté was considered to have strengthened his position. In the early hours of 23 December 2008, Aboubacar Somparé , the President of the National Assembly, announced on television that Conté had died at 6:45 pm local time on 22 December "after a long illness", without specifying

912-579: The nation, he was promoted to the rank of Captain on 27 February 1971. In 1973, he was named commander of the Boké operational zone (in Northwestern Guinea) to assist the pro-independence guerrilla movement, African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) in neighboring Portuguese Guinea. On 10 May 1975, he was named assistant Chief of Staff of the army. In 1977, he

950-560: The next morning, he made a public appearance to pray. One eyewitness of the shooting told RFI that the attackers had exchanged gunfire with Conte's bodyguards for about four minutes before dropping their weapons and fleeing. While on a visit to France with his family in 2005, Prime Minister François Lonseny Fall resigned and sought asylum. He complained of corruption and increasing interference from Conté. Fall's successor, Cellou Dalein Diallo , endured until April 2006. Conté failed to appoint

988-402: The possibility of violence in the event of his death. At around the same time, a newspaper published a photograph suggesting that Conté was in poor physical condition and having difficulty standing up. The editor of that newspaper was arrested, and the newspaper was required to print a photograph in which Conté looked healthy. According to the constitution, the President of the National Assembly

1026-765: The powers of the Secretary-General of the Presidency at the expense of those of the Prime Minister, and on 3 January 2008 Conté dismissed and replaced Justin Morel Junior , the Minister of Communication and Government Spokesman, without consulting Kouyaté. On 4 January, Kouyaté demanded that Morel be restored to his position, and labor unions announced plans to begin a new "unlimited general strike" on 10 January, demanding that Conté's agreement with

1064-405: The presidential residence sustained significant damage. In Guinea's second multi-party presidential election, held on 14 December 1998, Conté won another five-year term with 56.1% of the vote. The polls, although an improvement over the troubled 1993 election, were considered flawed by opposition parties and observers. A November 2001 referendum that lifted presidential term limits and would extend

1102-407: The term in office from five to seven years was supported by 98.4% of the voters. The results, however, were rejected by opposition parties who claimed that the outcome was rigged. He went on to win a third (last) presidential election held on 21 December 2003 with 95.6% of the vote after all but one of the opposing candidates boycotted the race, expressing their belief that Conté would never allow

1140-402: The unions be properly implemented and that Morel be restored. On 9 January, the unions withdrew their call for a strike. In a surprise move, on 20 May 2008, Conté dismissed Kouyaté and replaced him with Ahmed Tidiane Souaré . Kouyaté was widely considered a disappointment in his role as Prime Minister, and his unpopularity meant that his dismissal was not greeted with any major unrest of

1178-582: Was conducted on 19 December 1993. Conté, candidate of the newly formed Party of Unity and Progress (PUP), won 51.7% of the vote—just barely enough to avoid a runoff. Alpha Condé of the Rally of the Guinean People (RPG) was second with 19.6% of the vote. The opposition alleged electoral fraud, especially after the Supreme Court discounted as invalid the results in two prefectures where Condé of

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1216-460: Was head of the Guinean delegation during negotiations that resolved a border dispute with Guinea-Bissau and was elected to the National Assembly in 1980. Later that year, he took part in the ruling Democratic Party of Guinea's (PDG) official pilgrimage to Mecca . President Ahmed Sékou Touré , Guinea's head of state since independence, died on 26 March 1984. Prime Minister Louis Lansana Beavogui

1254-473: Was marked by some disorder, as thousands of mourners tried to reach the grave and security forces formed a cordon around it. Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally The Democratic Party of Guinea – African Democratic Rally ( French : Parti Démocratique de Guinée-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain ) is a political party in Guinea that dominated Guinean politics under

1292-478: Was named interim president, pending elections to be held within 45 days. On 3 April, however, hours before the PDG was to choose a new leader—who would have been the only candidate for president—Conté led a military coup that toppled the government. Conté denounced the Touré regime's human rights abuses and released 250 political prisoners . He also encouraged the return of approximately 200,000 Guineans from exile, and

1330-429: Was not present. In an interview with Agence France-Presse and TV5 on 14 June 2007, Conté asserted that he was still in charge of the country ("I'm the boss, others are my subordinates"), rejected the possibility of a transition, and said that his appointment of a prime minister was not due to pressure and that he was pleased with Kouyaté's performance. On 5 December 2007, a decree restructuring ministries increased

1368-406: Was promoted to Second Lieutenant . This was followed two years later by another promotion from Second Lieutenant to Lieutenant. On 22 November 1970, Portuguese military together with Guinean dissidents invaded the country from Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau ) in an apparent attempt to overthrow the government of President Ahmed Sékou Touré and destroy PAIGC guerillas. For his service to

1406-717: Was the end of his seven-year term. Conté also said that he was looking for a replacement who "loves the country and will protect it against its enemies." In November 2006 Transparency International updated its annual Corruption Index . Guinea under Lansana Conté was then second equal as the most corrupt country in the world (pride of place for corruption going to Haiti). This is a matter of concern for foreign firms intending to invest in Guinea (for example to exploit its extensive bauxite reserves) as they are unable to operate in Guinea without paying huge bribes to highly placed government officials, but if caught doing so they may face legal action in their country of origin. In January 2007,

1444-486: Was to assume the Presidency of the Republic in the event of a vacancy, and a new presidential election was to be held within 60 days. Somparé requested that the President of the Supreme Court, Lamine Sidimé , declare a vacancy in the Presidency and apply the constitution. Prime Minister Souaré and Diarra Camara, the head of the army, stood alongside Somparé during his announcement. Declaring 40 days of national mourning for Conté, Souaré urged "calm and restraint". He told

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