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75-686: The Gulbarga Fort is located in Kalaburagi in the Kalaburagi district of North Karnataka . This fort was originally constructed by a hindu king Raja Gulchand, but it was subsequently significantly enlarged in 1347 by Al-ud-din Hasan Bahmani of the Bahmani Dynasty after he cut off his ties with the Delhi Sultanate ; Islamic monuments such as mosques , palaces , tombs, and other structures were also built later within

150-825: A Naib of the Deccan sultanates under the Mughal Empire from 1713 to 1721. He intermittently ruled the region after Emperor Aurangzeb 's death in 1707. In 1724 Mughal control weakened, and Asaf Jah became virtually independent. Later the Nizam defeated the Marathas with the alliance of the British. When the English East India Company achieved paramountcy over the Indian subcontinent , they allowed

225-687: A tropical wet and dry climate (Aw). The climate of the district is generally dry, with temperatures ranging from 8 °C to 45 °C and an annual rainfall of about 750 mm. The year in Kalaburagi is divided into three main seasons. The summer lasts from late February to May. It is followed by the southwest monsoon, which lasts from late June to late October. This is then followed by dry winter weather from late November until February. Gulburga has been ranked 33rd best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 2 3-10L Population cities) in India. As of

300-776: A few architectural marvels built during the Bahamani Kingdom rule, including the Jama Masjid in the Kalaburagi Fort. Kalaburagi houses the circuit bench of the High Court of Karnataka . Under the name Monuments and Forts of the Deccan Sultanate , Several buildings in the city and with others in the region were put by UNESCO on its "tentative list" of World Heritage Site in 2014. The name Gulbarga means ‘(City of) ‘Flower Gardens’ ultimately from

375-439: A place in the album that was made for the Nizam. A study of the 19th Century photographs in India would be incomplete without a study of the prolific works of photographs by Raja Lal Deen Dayal. At a time when the world of the photograph was dominated by British and European photographers, Mr. Dayal was the sole Indian who photographed extensively and was immensely sought-after. The sixth Nizam Mir Mahboob Ali Khan had conferred

450-615: Is 5 °C (41 °F). With the establishment of the Bahmani Kingdom in the Deccan from 1347, the architectural styles of the Persian architecture of Iran made impressive and lasting impacts, which are seen in the fort. The mosques, arches, gardens, and the palaces were built within and also outside the fort in the Kalaburagi town. Within the fort, the buildings built are impressive with Indo-Persian architecture that evolved in

525-464: Is an industrially backward district but is showing signs of growth in the cement, textile, leather and chemical industries. Kalaburagi has a university with Medical and Engineering Colleges. Central University of Karnataka (CuK) is located in Kadaganchi, Åland Taluk of Kalaburagi. The geographical area of the city is 64 square kilometres. Kalaburagi has a hot semi-arid climate (BSh) bordering on

600-469: Is directly linked through daily trains with Mumbai , Bangalore , Hyderabad , Chennai , Itarsi Junction , Mysore , Hassan , Hubli , Vijayawada , Coimbatore , Kochi , Kanyakumari etc. Kalaburagi is planned to be a part of proposed high-speed rail corridor running from Mumbai to Hyderabad . Kalaburagi is the headquarter of the NEKRTC also called as Kalyana Karnataka RTC bus transport which

675-816: Is governed by a Municipal Corporation, It is called a Sufi city. It has famous religious structures, like the Hazrath Khwaja Banda Nawaz Dargah , the Sharana Basaveshwara Temple and the Buddha Vihar . It also has a fort built during the Bahmani rule, Other Bahmani monuments include the Haft Gumbaz (seven domes together) and the Shor Gumbad. Kalaburagi has the world's largest cannon, Kalaburagi has

750-494: Is seen at the domed ceiling and walls are adorned with paintings containing calligraphy designs and floral, flower and plants and geometric patterns inside the 14th-century tomb of Sufi saint Syed Shah Qhabulullah Husayni with natural colours. By religious restrictions, the artist was prohibited from depicting living beings in the interior of tomb, and his imagination was therefore employed either in inventing new designs for religious texts or in adding further delicacy and subtleness to

825-734: Is the Member of Parliament (MP) since 2024. Mallikarjun Kharge (born 21 July 1942) is an Indian politician, who is the current president of the Indian National Congress, and Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha from Karnataka since 16 February 2021. He was also Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha from 16 February 2021 to 1 October 2022. He was the Former Minister of Railways and Minister of Labour and Employment in

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900-616: The British Commonwealth , sharing King George VI as head of state(since then members are required to share the king as head of state). Not only the Government of India, but George VI who was head of the organization, the last emperor of India before independence and most crucially, the incumbent monarch of India rejected the notion. After attempts by India to persuade the Nizam to accede to India failed, and due to large-scale atrocities committed by Razakars (who wanted

975-592: The British government offered the 565 princely states in the sub-continent the options of acceding to either India or Pakistan or remaining independent. After the Independence of India in 1947, the Nizam of Hyderabad chose to join neither the Dominion of India nor the Dominion of Pakistan . He later declared Hyderabad an independent state as the third Dominion, attempting to become an independent monarchy in

1050-513: The Krishna and Bhima , flow through the district. The predominant soil type is black soil . The district has many tanks, which irrigate the land along with the river. The Upper Krishna Project is a major irrigation venture in the district of Kalaburagi. The main crops are groundnuts, rice, and pulses. Kalaburagi is the largest producer of toor dal , or pigeon peas , in Karnataka. Kalaburagi

1125-737: The Nagarjuna Sagar Dam was also initiated during this time, although the actual work was completed under the aegis of the Government of India in 1969. They also gave Hyderabad its railway network - the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway which helped in setting up various industries. Other landmarks include the Telangana High Court , City College , Public Gardens (formerly Bagh-e-Aaam ), Jubilee Hall , Asafia Library , The Assembly building , Niloufer Hospital ,

1200-728: The Osmania Arts College and the Osmania Medical College . In 1932, there was a need for money for the publication of Mahabharata in the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute located in Pune. A formal request was made to the 7th Nizam, who granted Rs. 1000 per year for 11 years. He also gave Rs 50,000 for construction of the guest house which stands today as "Nizam's guest house" . The Nizams donated Rs. 82,825 to

1275-736: The Yadagirigutta temple near Bhongir and Rs. 29,999 to Sita Ramachandraswamy temple, Bhadrachalam . The 7th Nizam also donated Rs. 8,000 to Tirupati Balaji Temple as yearly grants. A donation of Rs. 50,000 towards the reconstruction of Sitarambagh temple located in the old city of Hyderabad was also made. He also donated 1,525 acres of Land to "Sita Rama Swami Temple" located in Devaryamjal The Asaf Jahis were prolific builders. Their palaces are listed below: The last Nizam had 34 children, including 16 sons and 18 daughters The Asaf Jahi dynasty followed

1350-494: The mihrab has nine bays with a single large dome. Trefoil interiors and elongated lobes are seen on sloping arches of the drum. The main roof drum is mounted on a cubic clerestory . The wooden screens that existed on the outer arcade openings have been removed over the years. They have been replaced, in recent times, by an arched entrance portal on the north face. On the whole, the mosque displays distinct Persian architectural style with five large domes (One large and four small at

1425-647: The 12th century. Around the end of the 12th century, the Yadavas of Devagiri and the Hoysalas of Dwarasamadra destroyed the supremacy of the Chalukyas and Kalachuris of Kalyani . Around the same period, the Kakatiya kings of Warangal came into prominence and the present Kalaburagi and Raichur districts formed part of their domain. The Kakatiya power was subdued in 1308 AD and the entire Deccan , including

1500-416: The 12th century. At the end of the 12th century, it came under the reign of the Yadavas of Devagiri and the Hoysalas of Halebid . During this period, the Kakatiya dynasty , kings of Warangal were also powerful and took control of the present-day Kalaburagi district and Raichur district . The Kakatiya power was subdued in 1321, and the northern Deccan , including the district of Gulbarga, passed under

1575-412: The 2011 Indian census, Kalaburagi city has a population of 533,587. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Kalaburagi has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. Male literacy is 70%, while that of females is 30%. In Kalaburagi, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age. Languages of Kalaburgi city (2011) At the time of the 2011 census, 55.04% of

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1650-732: The Deccan but was well amalgamated with Hindu traditions. The fort was razed to the ground by the Vijayanagar Emperor but was subsequently rebuilt by the Adil Shah dynasty or Bijapur Sultanate , when the Vijayanagar empire was defeated in the Battle of Talikota. The Bahmanis ruled over most of the Deccan until the late 15th and early 16th century, when the kingdom was divided into five independent states. The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb ( r.  1658–1707 ) captured

1725-528: The Deccan. Professor Desai has observed: A distinct Indo-Persian architectural style of Deccan came into existence after the establishment of the Bahmani dynasty in 1347. Some of the important structures built are elaborated. The fort was originally built by and was subsequently substantially fortified in West Asian and European military architectural style by Alauddin Hasan Bahman Shah,

1800-592: The Government of India. Kharge was a Member of Parliament for Gulbarga, Karnataka from 2009 to 2019. Kalaburagi city has two Vidhan Sabha constituencies: Kalaburagi Uttar (North) and Kalaburagi Dakshin (South) . Both are part of the Kalaburagi Lok Sabha constituency. The MLA for Kalaburagi Uttar is Kaneez Fatima from Indian National Congress, while the MLA for Kalaburagi Dakshin is from Indian National congress (2023). The largest collection of Islamic art

1875-545: The Marathas. The major battles fought between the Marathas and the Nizam include Palkhed , Bhopal , Rakshasbhuvan , and Kharda , in all of which the Nizam lost. Following the conquest of Deccan by Bajirao I and the imposition of Chauth by him, the Nizam essentially remained a tributary of the Marathas. In 1805, after the East India Company's victory in the Second Anglo-Maratha War ,

1950-727: The Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar . In addition to being the Mughal Viceroy ( Naib ) of the Deccan, Asaf Jah I was also the premier courtier of the Mughal Empire until 1724, when he established an independent realm based in Hyderabad , but in practice, continued to recognise the nominal authority of emperor. The Asaf Jahi dynasty was founded by Chin Qilich Khan (Asaf Jah I), who served as

2025-595: The Mughal court. Ghazi Uddin Khan rose to become a General of the Emperor Aurangzeb and played a vital role in conquering Bijapur and Golconda Sultanates of Southern India in 1686. He also played a key role in thwarting the rebellion by Prince Akbar and alleged rebellion by Prince Mu`azzam . After Aurangzeb's death and during the war of succession, Qamaruddin and his father remained neutral thus escaping

2100-523: The Mughals; he still flew the Mughal flag, and was never crowned. In Friday prayers, the sermon would be conducted in the name of Aurangzeb, and this tradition continued until the end of Hyderabad State in 1948. The death of Asaf Jah I in 1748 resulted in a period of political unrest as his sons, backed by opportunistic neighbouring states and colonial foreign forces, contended for the throne. The accession of Asif Jah II , who reigned from 1762 to 1803, ended

2175-706: The Nizam of Hyderabad came under their protection. . In 1858, the state of Hyderabad became part of the British Indian Empire as a princely state with full autonomy albeit under colonial rule and was subject to the British Crown. From 1876 to 1948, the Nizam recognised the Crown as paramount ruler of India as the monarch of the United Kingdom simultaneously held the title of emperor of India (first held by Queen Victoria as empress and

2250-560: The Nizam to accede Hyderabad to Pakistan) on the Hindu populace, the Indian government finally launched a military operation named Operation Polo . The Indian Army invaded Hyderabad on 13 September 1948 and defeated his untrained forces. The Nizam capitulated on 17 September 1948; that same afternoon he broadcast the news over the State radio network. The Nizam was forced to accept accession to

2325-739: The Nizams to continue to rule their princely states as client kings. The Nizams retained internal power over Hyderabad State until 17 September 1948, when Hyderabad was integrated into the new Indian Union. The Asaf Jahi dynasty had only seven recognized rulers, but there was a period of 13 unstable years after the rule of the first Nizam when two of his sons, Nasir Jung ,and Salabath Jung , and grandson Muzafur Jung ruled. They were never officially recognised as rulers. The seventh and last Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan , fell from power when India annexed Hyderabad State in 1948 in Operation Polo . Today,

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2400-601: The Persian words gul ‘flower’ and bāgh ‘garden’. Gulbarga was renamed as Kalaburagi in 2014, Kalaburagi (Kal-means stone in Kannada, bur means thorns in Kannada the whole name represents "The Land of stones and thorns") The history of Kalaburagi dates to the sixth century. The Rashtrakutas gained control over the region, but the Chalukyas regained their domain within a short period and reigned supreme for over 200 years. The Kalyani Kalachuris who succeeded them ruled until

2475-533: The Sunni sect of Islam. italics – Considered pretenders by most historians; refrained from exercising traditional authority during their reigns. Places and things named after the Nizam include Nizamabad , a city and district in the state of Telangana; Jamia Nizamia , a university; the Nizam College ; the Nizam's Museum ; the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway ; the Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences ;

2550-536: The capital of the Bahmani Kingdom till 1424 where after the capital was shifted to Bidar Fort , as Bidar had better climatic conditions. The early history of the region dates back to the 6th century when the Rashtrakutas ruled over the external areas, except Gulbarga. The Chalukyas won back their domain and ruled for over two hundred years. The Kalachuris of Kalyani succeeded them and ruled till

2625-550: The capital of the Bahmani kingdom (1347–1527) (with headquarters at the Gulbarga Fort), a newly founded independent state, until 1424 when the capital was transferred to Bidar. It is said that with the establishment of the Bahmani Kingdom, the Muslim rule took firm roots in the Deccan . Ahmad Shah Wali Bahmani had inducted immigrants from Iraq , Iran and Central Asia , which changed the social, cultural and religious life in

2700-511: The city. It also has an ESIC Medical College. Muslim Monuments of Gulbarga (A Cultural Study) by Dr. Md, Salahuddin Munshi The study entitled " Muslim Monuments of Gulbarga (A Cultural Study) 14th century to 17th century A.D" is about the rich culture of Gulbarga heritage, and the kingdoms ruled in this era and their significance, for the development of area's as their capital city of the kingdom. Nizam Nizam of Hyderabad

2775-631: The control of the Sultanate of Delhi . In the early 14th century, the Deccan was occupied by Muhammad bin Tughluq of the Delhi Sultanate , which included Gulbarga. The revolt of the Muslim officers appointed from Delhi resulted in the founding of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347 by Alauddin Hassan, who chose Gulbarga (named as 'Ahsenabad' during this period) to be his capital. Gulbarga was

2850-648: The corners) and 75 small domes with 250 arches. Apart from the above monuments the other building of interest is the tomb of the Sufi saint Syed Mohammad Gesu Daraz, popularly known as Khwaja Bande Nawaz, built in the Indo-Saracenic style. It is a large complex where the tomb of the Sufi saint, who came to Gulbarga in 1413, exists. The tomb walls have paintings; the arches of the Dargah are in Bahmani architecture while

2925-559: The creepers and floral patterns, the numerous geometric devices and calligraphic styles. The most notable building, however, of this period is the Jama Masjid of Kalaburagi fort, built by a Persian architect named Rafi in 1367 during the reign of Bahmani King Mohammed Shah I . The glory of the towns in north Karnataka waned with the decline of the Bahmani dynasty, although Barid Shahi and Adil Shahi Kings kept up its beauty during their chequered rule. It suffers from pollution through nickel and lead. Royal patronage played an important role in

3000-499: The district of Kalaburagi, passed under the control of the Delhi Sultanate . The revolt of the officers appointed from Delhi resulted in the founding of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347 CE by Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah , who chose Kalaburagi (Hasanabad) to be the capital. When the Bahmani Sultanate came to an end in 1527, the kingdom broke up into five independent Deccan sultanates , Bijapur , Bidar , Berar , Ahmednagar , and Golconda . The present Kalaburagi district came partly under

3075-425: The district. The soil formation in the region is predominantly of black cotton soil. Fort is in the drought prone district and experiences a meagre average rainfall of 777 millimetres (30.6 in) with only 46 normal rainy days. Climate is dry and cold in the winter but summer is hot. South west monsoon brings rains. Temperature during summer is a high of 45 °C (113 °F), the minimum recorded in winter

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3150-449: The fort area depict this emblem. The mosque, one of the first in South India , was built to commemorate Gulbarga as the capital of the Bahmani Sultanate. The mosque though simple in design but has a symmetrical plan with well organized constituent parts. The masjid, only one of its kind in India, has dimensions of 216 feet (66 m)x176 feet (54 m) and was built on the lines of the Great Mosque of Córdoba in Spain. The masjid, which

3225-460: The fort in the 17th century (1687) and appointed Asaf Jah I ("Nizam-ul-Mulk") as the governor of the Deccan. In the early part of the 18th century, when the Mughal Empire was declining, the Nizam became independent in 1724, and formed the Hyderabad State , of which Gulbarga area was a part. The fort and the Gulbarga district were a part of Kingdom of Hyderabad under the Nizams rule. After India became independent in August 1947, Hyderabad state

3300-403: The fort is 8 metres (26 ft) long and is still well preserved. It is said that the Bahmani Sultanate claimed lineage of the Sasanians and the motifs on their buildings, particularly the crowns of the arches that they built depicted an emblem of the crescent and occasionally a disk that was closely reminiscent of the crowns of the Sassanian emperors. Many religious or secular buildings in

3375-461: The founder and first Sultan of the Bahmani Empire; particular mention is made of the citadel that was added in the centre of the fort. The fort has an area of approximately 57 acres (23 ha) and periphery length of 3 kilometres (1.9 mi). It is well fortified with double fortification. A 30 feet (9.1 m) wide moat surrounds the fort. The fort is a monumental structure highly fortified with 15 towers mounted with 26 guns; each gun located inside

3450-410: The geometric and floral devices by making the drawings more and more intricate. A small tomb beside the said Sufi's has an excellent work of painted flower plants on the ceiling. Another vacant Shore Gumbad outside the city has delicate designs on its domed ceiling is superb. The walls and ceiling of the tomb of Sultan Firuz Shah Bahmani can be appreciated which, although monotone, represents faithfully

3525-510: The growth of the US GDP since that period and the present exchange rate of the US dollar against the Indian rupee. The Nizams set up numerous institutions in the name of the dynasty including hospitals, schools, colleges, and universities that imparted education in Urdu. Inspired by the Indian Civil Service , the Nizams established their own local Hyderabad Civil Service . The Nizams commissioned engineering projects such as large reservoirs like Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar . Survey work on

3600-418: The instability. In 1768, he signed the treaty of Machilipatnam , surrendering the coastal region to the East India Company in return for a fixed annual rent. Following the decline of the Mughal power, the region of Deccan saw the rise of the Maratha Empire . The titular Nizams themselves fought during the Mughal-Maratha Wars since the 1720s, which resulted in the Nizam paying a regular tax ( Chauth ) to

3675-451: The kingdom of Hyderabad , in which a major part of the Kalaburagi area was also included. In 1948, Hyderabad State became a part of the Indian Union, and in 1956, excluding two talukas which were annexed to Andhra Pradesh, Kalaburagi district became part of the new Mysore State through the States Reorganisation Act in 1956. The entire district is on the Deccan Plateau, and the elevation ranges from 300 to 750 m above MSL. Two main rivers,

3750-451: The last Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan amassed wealth made him one of the world's richest men in 1937, also known for his miserliness. He was estimated to be worth ₹ 660 crores (roughly US$ 2 billion by the then exchange rates). According to the Forbes All-Time Wealthiest List of 2008, Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan is the fifth richest man in recorded history per the figures, with an estimated worth of US$ 210.8 billion adjusted by Forbes as per

3825-512: The last being George VI as emperor) In 1903, the Berar region of the state was separated and merged into the Central Provinces of British India , to form the Central Provinces and Berar . During the Second World War , 80,000 men who were raised by the Nizam to form a personal army under the Indian State Forces , known as the 19th Hyderabad Regiment served in Malaya, North Africa, Persia, Singapore and Burma The last Nizam of Hyderabad state, Mir Osman Ali Khan crowned in 1911, had been

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3900-438: The making of Islamic art, as it has in the arts of other cultures. From the 14th century onwards, especially in eastern lands, the books of art provide the best documentation of courtly patronage. For more information about the rich culture of Gulbarga, the book titled, Muslim Monuments of Gulbarga, (A Cultural Study) by Dr. Md. Salahuddin Munshi can be referred. Kalaburagi has its own airport named Kalaburagi airport which

3975-441: The new Union of India. His abdication on 17 September 1948 ended the dynasty's ambitions. Nevertheless, he became the Rajpramukh postindependence based on public vote. He died on Friday, 24 February, 1967. All Nizams are buried in royal graves at the Makkah Masjid near Charminar in Hyderabad excepting the last , who wished to be buried beside his mother, in the graveyard of Judi Mosque facing King Kothi Palace . During

4050-415: The next emperor, Muhammad Shah (1719–48), Qamaruddin accepted the governorship of Deccan for the second time in 1721. The next year, following the death of his uncle Muhammad Amin Khan, a power-broker in the Mughal Court, Qamaruddin returned to Delhi and was made the wazir (prime minister). According to historian Faruqui, his tenure as prime minister was undermined by his opponents and a rebellion in Deccan

4125-417: The order of precedence of male primogeniture regardless of the mother's marital status or rank. His eldest son was Azam Jah (21 February 1907 – 9 October 1970),was the Prince of Berar . Whereas, his second son Moazzam Jah , married Princess Niloufer , a princess of the Ottoman empire . The Nizams' daughters had been married traditionally to young men of the Paigah family . This family belonged to

4200-416: The paintings on the walls and ceiling have a fusion of Turkish and Irani influence. The Mughals also built a mosque close to the tomb. An annual fair or Urs is held here in November, which attracts large number of devotees of all religious communities. According to painter and scholar Rehman Patel, who provided the photograph and other details of the Feroze Shah lake, says that this rare photograph finds

4275-423: The period of the Nizams' rule, Hyderabad became wealthy - thanks to the Golconda mines which were the only sources of diamonds in the world market at that time (apart from South African mines) making the 7th Nizam the richest person in the world. Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII and his family including Salar Jung I were taught by Nawab Sarwar Ul Mulk and Agha Mirza Baig Bahadur, who was his political advisor, and

4350-468: The population spoke Kannada , 35.78% Urdu , 3.56% Marathi , 2.37% Hindi , 1.20% Telugu and 1.14% Lambadi as their first language. Kalaburagi has been home to two ex- chief ministers of Karnataka , namely Veerendra Patil (1968–1971, 1988–1992) and Dharam Singh (2004–2006); both belonged to the Indian National Congress party. Kalaburagi comes under Kalaburagi Lok Sabha constituency . Radhakrishna Doddamani from Indian National Congress (INC)

4425-511: The prestigious ‘Musawwir Jung Raja Bahadur’ or ‘Bold Warrior of Photography’ title on Mr. Dayal. Kalaburagi is well connected by air, railway lines and roads. It is an important rail head on the Central Railway zone line connecting to Bangalore , Mumbai , Chennai and Hyderabad . It is well connected by National Highways with Bangalore and Hyderabad, which are 610 kilometres (380 mi) and 225 kilometres (140 mi) away respectively, from Kalaburagi. Road distances to other cities within

4500-419: The refurbished fort. The Jama Masjid , built later within the fort in 1367, is a unique structure built in Persian architectural style , fully enclosed, with elegant domes and arched columns, unlike any other mosque in India. It was built to commemorate the establishment of the dynastic rule of the Bahmani kingdom at Gulbarga fort between 1347 and 1424, though the capital was initially Daulatabad . It remained

4575-422: The richest man in the world in his time. The Nizams developed the railway, introduced electricity, and developed roads, airways, irrigation and reservoirs; in fact, all major public buildings in Hyderabad City were built during his reign during the period of British rule in India . He pushed education, science, and the establishment of Osmania University forward. In 1947, at the time of the partition of India ,

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4650-418: The risk of being on the losing side; they remained marginal players in the Mughal court during the reigns of Bahadur Shah I (1707–12) and Jahandar Shah (1712–13). Their successor Farrukhsiyar (1713–19) appointed Qamaruddin the governor of Deccan in 1713, awarding him the title Nizam-ul-Mulk . However, the governorship was taken away two years later and Qamaruddin withdrew to his estate in Moradabad . Under

4725-468: The senior-most salute state among the Indian princely states . It was spread over 223,000 km (86,000 sq mi) in the Deccan, ruled by the Asaf Jahi dynasty. The Nizams were conferred with the title of His Exalted Highness , and "Faithful Ally of the British Government" for their roles in the Second and Third Anglo-Mysore Wars and the Indian Rebellion of 1857, becoming the only Indian prince to be given both these titles. One example of

4800-445: The service of Aurangzeb to fight in the succession wars of 1657–58. After Aurangzeb's enthronement, Abid Khan was richly rewarded and became Aurangzeb's favourite nobleman. His son Ghazi Uddin Khan was married to Safiya Khanum, the daughter of the former imperial Grand Vizier (prime minister) Sa'dullah Khan . Mir Qamaruddin Khan , the founder of the line of Nizams, was born of the couple, thus descending from two prominent families of

4875-441: The state are: Basavakalyan -80 kilometres (50 mi), Bidar -120 kilometres (75 mi), Raichur - 155 kilometres (96 mi) and Bijapur - 160 kilometres (99 mi). Kalaburagi Airport is the nearest airport. Kalaburagi Kalaburagi , formerly known as Gulbarga , is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka , It is headquarters of eponymous Kalaburagi district and Kalaburagi division , Kalaburagi city

4950-405: The successor of the Islamic prophet Muhammed . The family of Nizams in India is descended from Abid Khan , a Persian from Samarkand , whose lineage is traced to Sufi Shihab-ud-Din Suhrawardi (1154–91) of Suhraward in Iran. In the early 1650s, on his way to hajj , Abid Khan stopped in Deccan, where the young prince Aurangzeb , then Governor of Deccan, cultivated him. Abid Khan returned to

5025-402: The sultanate of Bidar and partly under the sultanate of Bijapur . The last of these sultanates, Golconda, finally fell to Aurangzeb in 1687. With the conquest of the Deccan by Aurangzeb in the 17th century, Kalaburagi passed under the Mughal Empire . In the early part of the 18th century, with the decline of the Mughal Empire, Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I , one of Aurangzeb's generals, formed

5100-419: The title is held by his great grandson and pretender , Azmet Jah . The title Nizam comes from the Persian نظام /nɪˈzɑːm/, which itself is derived from Arabic niẓām which means "order" or "arrangement", and was typically given to high ranking state officials. According to Sir Roper Lethbridge in The Golden Book of India (1893), the Nizams are lineally descended from the First Caliph Abu Bakr ,

5175-427: The wealth of the Nizams is the Jewels of the Nizams , an international tourist attraction once displayed in Salar Jung Museum , but now locked in a Reserve Bank of India vault in Delhi. In 1948 Hyderabad state had an estimated population of 17 million (1.7 crore ), and it generated an estimated annual revenue of £90,029,000. The state had its currency known as the Hyderabadi rupee , until 1951. The pace at which

5250-465: Was annexed to the Indian union in 1948. In 1956, the Indian state of Hyderabad was partitioned among neighbouring states along linguistic lines and renamed as Andhra Pradesh (now Telangana ). Most of the Gulbarga district became part of the then Mysore State , later renamed Karnataka , excluding two taluks, which were given to Andhra Pradesh . It is located on a plateau land in the northeastern part of Karnataka. Krishna River and Bhima River drain

5325-515: Was engineered against him. In 1724, the Nizam returned to Deccan to reclaim his base, in the process making a transition to a semi-independent ruler. In 1724, Asaf Jah I defeated Mubariz Khan to establish autonomy over the Deccan Suba , named the region Hyderabad Deccan , and started what came to be known as the Asaf Jahi dynasty . Subsequent rulers retained the title Nizam ul-Mulk and were referred to as Asaf Jahi Nizams, or Nizams of Hyderabad. Nizam I never formally declared independence from

5400-475: Was founded and started on 15 August 2000 and serves the North-Eastern Districts of Karnataka . It also has Nrupatunga city bus service which serves Kalaburagi urban and Sedam and is operated by NEKRTC itself. The Central University of Karnataka is located in Kalaburagi. The Gulbarga University , Sharnbasva University , and Khaja Bandanawaz University , are the other universities in

5475-440: Was in ruins, has been well tended now. The mosque has no open courtyard. The outer passageways surround the prayer hall on three sides and have low open arcades with arches. They form a rectangular layout with ten bays each on the north and the south, and seven bays on the east. The square bays on the corners are topped by domes. The roofed interior bays are covered with low domes, faceted by pendentives . The front yard in front of

5550-731: Was inaugurated by Karnataka CM Yediyurappa on 22 November 2019 and started on the same day. It is connected with Bangalore and Tirupati by Star Air and Alliance Air . Kalaburagi airport has second longest runway in Karnataka after the Kempegowda International Airport of Bangalore. Kalaburagi has a railway station named Kalaburagi Junction which comes under the Solapur division of Indian Railways . There are two railway lines that pass through Kalaburagi namely, Mumbai–Chennai line ( Solapur–Guntakal section ) and Kalaburagi - Bidar line. Kalaburagi

5625-589: Was the title of the ruler of Hyderabad State (now part of the Indian state of Telangana , the Marathwada region of Maharashtra and the Kalyana-Karnataka region of Karnataka ). Nizam is a shortened form of Niẓām ul-Mulk ( Persian : نظام‌ الملک ; lit.   ' Administrator of the Realm ' ), and was the title bestowed upon Asaf Jah I when he was appointed Viceroy of the Deccan by

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