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102-458: Select brews (including many of the brewery's seasonal and one-off selections) can be found in 31 U.S. states, plus Washington, D.C. Dogfish Head also licenses "Dogfish Head Alehouse" located in Gaithersburg, Maryland . Beer-paired food and vintage bottles of Dogfish Head's seasonal beers are available at their alehouses, as well as kegged offerings of their staple beers. The company also has

204-472: A bus rapid transit line, Corridor Cities Transitway or "CCT", planned for the western portion of the city starting at Shady Grove Metro Station and connecting all the high-density western Gaithersburg neighborhoods with a total of eight stops planned in the city. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is headquartered in Gaithersburg directly west of I-270. Other major employers in

306-521: A Native South American Beer". In Chile, there are two main types of chicha: apple chicha produced in southern Chile and grape chicha produced in central Chile. Both are alcoholic beverages with no distillation, only fermentation. Chicha is mostly consumed in the countryside and during festivities, such as Fiestas Patrias on September 18. Chicha is usually not found in formal supermarkets unless close to September 18. Sites like Máfil in southern Chile were traditional centres of apple chicha produce that

408-552: A child. Sam Calagione started brewing in his kitchen in New York City , where he created his first beer out of overripe cherries with his roommates Ken Marino and Joe Lo Truglio . Dogfish Head has brew houses in Rehoboth, Lewes, and Milton, Delaware. The first successful beer that Dogfish Head produced was Midas Touch, which was brewed with honey, white Muscat grapes, and saffron. Although it started by only selling beer in

510-588: A city in 1968. Gaithersburg is located east and west of Interstate 270 . The eastern section includes the historic area of the town. Landmarks and buildings from that time can still be seen in many places but especially in the historic central business district of Gaithersburg called "Olde Towne". The east side also includes City Hall, the Montgomery County Fairgrounds, and Bohrer Park (a well-known joint community recreation center and outdoor water park for kids and families). The west side of

612-463: A community was another important aspect to the way the Incas went about everyday life. It was incorporated into the meals that the Incas ate. The production of chicha was a necessity to all because it was a sacred item to the people. "Among the Incas , corn was a divine gift to humanity, and its consumption as a fermented beverage in political meetings formed communion between those where drinking and

714-431: A copper-clad brewing system and will be unpasteurized, unfiltered, naturally carbonated, and hand-pulled through traditional beer engines, recalling old world Italian craft brewing. The Eataly brewpub opened in 2011. Calagione and the brewery were the focus of Brew Masters , a Discovery Channel series that gave viewers an inside look at the brewery's operations, starting with the recipe development process and through

816-494: A firkin. In the late 90s, Dogfish Head started an "Ancient Ales" series, in which beer recipes were created based upon the chemical analysis of residue found on pottery and drinking vessels from various archaeological sites . These beers have been produced in collaboration with molecular archaeologist Dr. Pat McGovern of the University of Pennsylvania. As of 2010, four such brews have been crafted, and only one (Midas Touch)

918-520: A fruit puree. Locally, among the Kuna or Gundetule of the San Blas chain of islands "chicha fuerte" refers to the fermented maize and Grandmother Saliva mixture, which chicha is enjoyed in special or Holy days. While chicha fuerte most traditionally refers to chicha made of germinated corn (germination helps to convert starch to sugar), any number of fruits can be fermented into unique, homemade versions of

1020-488: A large plastic tube filled with a flavor enhancer, often raw hops, though adaptations such as fruits and coffee beans amongst others have also been used. The alcohol in the beer lifts oils off the raw hops and imparts even more hop flavor and aroma to beers that were already hoppy to begin with. The 75 Minute IPA was developed in 2008, and has been produced in very limited quantities, and typically distributed to vendors in firkins . The beer—nicknamed "Johnny Cask" and featuring

1122-456: A mascot resembling a young Johnny Cash tapping a firkin with a mallet—is made from a mixture of the 60 and 90 Minutes IPAs, and undergoes a separate cask conditioning which includes the addition of maple syrup . As a variation on the 75 Minute IPA, the Alehouse 75 is also available. It is a mixture of the 60 and 90 Minute offerings, yet is served in a standard Sankey-style keg, rather than

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1224-405: A more liquory taste. This variety is commonly referred to as Chicha Andina and is a typical Christmastime beverage. Chicha use can reveal how people perceive their own cultural identity and express ideas about gender , race , nationality , and community . Chicha use contributes to how people build community and a collective identity for maintaining social networks . It is often consumed in

1326-644: A pickle company in Brooklyn, NY called Brooklyn Brine to create a pickle with beer ingredients, and an old glass company in Europe to design a unique IPA glass. In addition, Dogfish Head has worked with many other businesses outside of the beer industry. Calagione believes the collaboration with businesses like these distinguishes the Dogfish Head brand. Dogfish Head will be one of the main partners in Birreria,

1428-616: A project to measure the Earth's wobble on its polar axis. The Gaithersburg Latitude Observatory is (as of 2007) the only National Historic Landmark in the City of Gaithersburg. The observatory and five others in Japan , Italy , Russia , and the United States gathered information that is still used by scientists today, along with information from satellites , to determine polar motion ;

1530-623: A restaurant called Dogfish Head Brewings & Eats along with a seafood restaurant called Chesapeake & Maine that only sources seafood from the eponymous locations. Both are located in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware . The brewery was featured prominently in the documentary Beer Wars and was the subject of the Discovery Channel series Brew Masters , which premiered Sunday, November 21, 2010. The brewery takes its name from Dogfish Head, Maine , where Calagione spent summers as

1632-523: A small pot still and often, like their beers, tend toward unique and non-traditional formulations. The distillery is very small; Dogfish Head spirits are distributed only in Delaware and a handful of other states. Dogfish Head often collaborates with other businesses outside of the beer industry. Dogfish Head has worked with the Grateful Dead to create a strong pale ale called American Beauty,

1734-505: A special dinner for beer writer Michael Jackson . At this time McGovern and Calagione met and discussed recreating the brew. In early 2001 the new beverage was served at a dinner recreating the funeral feast of King Midas. At $ 150 a plate the meal was a benefit to support the Chemical Archaeology program at University of Pennsylvania. Dogfish Head brewery dispenses approximately 1,700–1,800 cases per month to distributors. At

1836-585: A strong, purple-colored liquid, which is then mixed with sugar and lemon. This beverage is usually taken as a refreshment. Chicha morada is common in Bolivian and Peruvian cultures and is generally drunk as an accompaniment to food. Women are most associated with the production of chicha. Men and children are still involved with the process of making chicha, but women control the production and distribution. For many women in Andean society, making and selling chicha

1938-515: A third station — Washington Grove — just outside city limits. Bus service in Gaithersburg consists of Metrobus routes operated by WMATA and Ride-On routes operated by Montgomery County , as well as paratransit service provided by MetroAccess . Montgomery County Airpark is located 3 miles (5 km) northeast of the city. Chicha Chicha is a fermented (alcoholic) or non-fermented beverage of Latin America , emerging from

2040-434: Is a Belgian-style strong pale ale made with ingredients from every continent on Earth, including: crystallized ginger from Australia, water from Antarctica, basmati rice from Asia, muscavado sugar from Africa, quinoa from South America, European yeast , and North American maize . The name Pangaea refers to the eponymous super-continent which existed about 250 million years ago. The New York Times in 2010 profiled

2142-525: Is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland , United States. At the time of the 2020 census , Gaithersburg had a population of 69,657, making it the ninth-most populous community in the state. Gaithersburg is located to the northwest of Washington, D.C. , and is considered a suburb and a primary city within the Washington metropolitan area . Gaithersburg was incorporated as a town in 1878 and as

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2244-535: Is a key part of their identity because it provides a substantial amount of political power and leverage. Chicha de jora has been prepared and consumed in communities throughout in the Andes for millennia. The Inca used chicha for ritual purposes and consumed it in vast quantities during religious festivals. Mills in which it was probably made were found at Machu Picchu . During the Inca Empire women were taught

2346-501: Is located just outside the city limits and is the north-western terminus of the Red Line . The Corridor Cities Transitway is a proposed bus rapid transit line that would have 8 stops in Gaithersburg, generally in the western half of the city. Maryland's MARC system operates commuter rail services connecting Gaithersburg to Washington, D.C. , with two stations in the city, at Old Town Gaithersburg and Metropolitan Grove , and

2448-408: Is made of boiled rice, milk, sugar; it is generally of white color and has the consistency of eggnog. It is usually served as a sweet, refreshing beverage with ground cinnamon or condensed milk toppings. This chicha de arroz contains no alcohol as it is not fermented. Sometimes it is made with pasta or semolina instead of rice and is commonly called chicha de pasta . In most large cities, chicha

2550-490: Is made with the same ingredients, but without allowing it to ferment. In Honduras, the Pech people practiced a ritual called Kesh where a shaman contacted the spiritual world. A Kesh could be held for various reasons, a few including to help appease the angry spirits or to help a deceased member of the community on his or her journey after death. During this ritual, they drank Chicha made of yuca, minia, and yuca tamales. The ritual

2652-416: Is no longer practiced, but the drink is still reserved for special occasions with family only. In Managua and Granada , "chicha de maiz" is a typical drink, unfermented and served very cold. It is often flavored with banana or vanilla flavors, and its saleswomen can be heard calling "¡Chicha, cafe y jugo frio!" in the squares. Nicaraguan "chicha de maiz" is made by soaking the corn in water overnight. On

2754-461: Is offered by street vendors, commonly referred to as chicheros ; these vendors usually use a flour-like mix and just add water, and generally serve them with chopped ice and a straw and may ask to add cinnamon, chocolate chips or sugared condensed milk on top. It can also be found in commercial presentations just like milk and juices. The Venezuelan Andean regions (such as Mérida ) prepare an alternative version, with added fermented pineapple, which has

2856-530: Is produced year-round. The others are produced on a limited basis. Midas Touch Golden Elixir , marketed as Midas Touch , was first marketed in June 2001. The recipe for this beverage is based on the chemical analysis of residues found in clay vessels believed to date back to the 8th century BC. Originally discovered in Gordium , Turkey during a 1957 dig by archaeologist Rodney Young , the content of these vessels

2958-511: Is reserved for men. In Bolivia chicha is most often made from maize, especially in the highlands, but amaranth chicha is also traditional and popular. Chicha made from sweet manioc, plantain, or banana is also common in the lowlands. Bolivian chicha often has alcohol. A good description of the preparation of a Bolivian way to make chicha can be found in Cutler, Hugh and Martin Cardenas, "Chicha

3060-537: Is the main highway leading northwest out of metropolitan Washington, D.C., beginning at Interstate 495 (the Capital Beltway) and proceeding northwestward to Interstate 70 in Frederick . I-370 is a short spur, starting just west of I-270 in Gaithersburg and heading east to its junction with Maryland Route 200 . Via MD 200, I-370 connects Gaithersburg with Interstate 95 near Laurel . Maryland Route 355

3162-640: The Andes and Amazonia regions. In both the pre- and post- Spanish conquest periods, corn beer ( chicha de jora ) made from a variety of maize landraces has been the most common form of chicha . However, chicha is also made from a variety of other cultigens and wild plants , including, among others, quinoa ( Chenopodium quinia ), kañiwa ( Chenopodium pallidicaule ), peanut , manioc (also called yuca or cassava), palm fruit, rice, potato, oca ( Oxalis tuberosa ), and chañar ( Geoffroea decorticans ). There are many regional variations of chicha . In

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3264-659: The Cooking Channel 's Man v. Food . Dogfish Head is the annual lead sponsor of Beer Advocate 's Extreme Beer Fest in Boston , Massachusetts. Each year, Dogfish Head brews a special beer for the festival in collaboration with the Alström brothers of Beer Advocate. This special beer's name is voted on by visitors to the Beer Advocate website. The beer brewed for 2010's festival was "Wrath of Pecant". In addition to

3366-487: The Inca could allow a family to be provided with supplementary goods that not everyone had access to. The Inca would give chicha to families and to the males that that contributed to mit'a . In the economy of the Incas it was important that there was a steady flow of chicha, amongst other goods that were important to everyday life. In the fields of the Andes, there was special emphasis where maize would be planted and it

3468-600: The Inca Empire , chicha had ceremonial and ritual uses. The exact origin of the word chicha is debated. One belief is that the word chicha is of Taino origin and became a generic term used by the Spanish to define any and all fermented beverages brewed by indigenous peoples in the Americas. It is possible that one of the first uses of the term chicha was from a group of people who lived in Colombia and Panama,

3570-493: The Incas themselves were to by leading their army to victory and chicha was at the forefront. After major military victories the Incas would celebrate by drinking chicha. When the Incas and the Spanish conquistadors met, the conquistadors would not understand the significance of chicha. Titu Cusi explains how his uncle, Atahualpa reacted when the intruders did not respect chicha. Kusi says, "The Spaniard, upon receiving

3672-723: The Kuna . However, according to the Real Academia Española and other authors, the word chicha comes from the Kuna word chichab, or “chiab” which means maize. According to Don Luis G. Iza it comes from the Nahuatl word chichiatl , which means “fermented water”; the verb chicha meaning “to sour a drink“ and the noun atl meaning “water”. These etymologies are not mutually exclusive. The Spanish idiom ni chicha ni limonada (neither chicha nor lemonade) means “neither one thing nor another” (roughly equivalent to

3774-617: The Samuel Adams brewing Boston Beer Company , at the annual Extreme Beer Fest in Boston. Within a few months, they were purchased by Boston Beer Co. Dogfish Head announced the acquisition by the Boston Beer Company for $ 300 million on May 9, 2019. As part of the merger, Calagione and his wife, Mariah, converted their Dogfish Head stock into Boston Beer Co. stock, thereby becoming the second largest non-institutional owners of

3876-572: The acllas was considered sacred because of the women who produced it. This was a special privilege that many women did not have except for the "most attractive women." The Incas themselves show the importance of chicha. The lords or royalty probably drank chicha from silver and gold cups known as keros . Also, after defeating an enemy Inca rulers would have heads of the defeated enemy converted into cup to drink chicha from. An example of this could be seen when Atawallpa drank chicha from opposing foes skull. By doing this it showed how superior

3978-635: The census of 2010, there were 59,933 people, 22,000 households, and 14,548 families residing in the city. The population density was 5,875.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,268.7/km ). There were 23,337 housing units at an average density of 2,287.9 per square mile (883.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 31.9% non-Hispanic White , 16.3% African American , 0.5% Native American , 16.9% Asian (6.01 Chinese, 4.77% Indian, 2.03% Korean, 1.69% Filipino, 1.02% Vietnamese, 0.62% Burmese), 0.1% Pacific Islander , 10.7% from other races , and 4.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.2% of

4080-494: The raspberry -flavored strong ale Fort, are highly alcoholic, reaching 18% to 20% alcohol by volume (typical beers have around 3% to 7% alcohol by volume). One of Dogfish Head's more notable odd beers was a green beer called Verdi Verdi Good, produced in 2005 and sold only on draft. The beer was not colored green artificially; rather, the green color was derived from brewing a Dortmunder style beer that contained spirulina , or blue-green algae. Pangaea, first released in 2003,

4182-493: The 9% ABV recipe include barley, white Muscat grapes, honey and saffron. In 2010, Calagione collaborated with Washington winemaker Jarrod Boyle of Alexandria Nicole Cellars to produce a "hybrid" beer-wine beverage labeled Noble rot . A saison -style beer, the brewery uses botrytis -infected Viognier and Pinot gris grapes from Alexandria Nicole's Destiny Ridge Vineyard in the Horse Heaven Hills AVA in

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4284-405: The Andes. The specific type or combination of corn used in the making of chicha de jora shows where it was made. Some add quinoa or other adjuncts to give it consistency; then it is boiled. During the boiling process, the chicha is stirred and aerated so as to prevent overboiling. Chancaca , a hard form of sugar (like sugar cane), helps with the fermentation process. After the milling of

4386-510: The English “neither fish nor fowl”). Chicha de jora is a corn beer prepared by germinating maize, extracting the malt sugars, boiling the wort , and fermenting it in large vessels, traditionally huge earthenware vats, for several days. The original Quechua name is aqa ~ aqha (Ayacucho vs. Cuzco-Bolivia varieties), and it is traditionally made and sold in chicherías, called also aqa wasi or aqha wasi (lit. “chicha house”). Usually,

4488-435: The Spanish, it left with Atawallpa saying, "Since you don't respect me I won't respect you either." This story recorded by Titu Cusi shows the significant relationship the Incas had with chicha. If someone insulted this beverage they would take it personally because it offended their beliefs and community. In the economy of the Incas , there was not an exchange of currencies. Rather, the economy depended on trading products,

4590-500: The area. Gaithersburg is also the location of the United States Army Reserve Legal Command . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 10.34 square miles (26.78 km ), of which 10.20 square miles (26.42 km ) is land and 0.14 square miles (0.36 km ) is water. As of the 2022 American Community Survey , there were 68,952 people and 24,523 households in

4692-408: The average family size was 3.14 the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 37.7% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males. According to the city's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,

4794-426: The beverage. In rural areas, chicha fuerte is the refreshment of choice during and after community work parties ( juntas ), as well as during community dances ( tamboritos ). Chicha's importance in the social and religious world of Latin America can best be seen by focusing on the drink's central role in ancient Peru. Corn was considered a sacred crop, but Chicha, in particular, was considered very high status. Chicha

4896-538: The bottling and packaging process. The series premiered on Sunday, November 21, 2010 with an episode focusing on the creation of the Bitches Brew beer to commemorate the Miles Davis album of the same name. The final episode aired on December, 16th 2011 and chronicled the brewing of Chateau Jiahu, one of their Ancient Ales. Dogfish Head's Brewings & Eats restaurant was featured in a December 2021 episode of

4998-575: The brew. This results in a beer with 49.5% of the fermentable sugars coming from grapes that finishes with a 9% alcohol level . Alexandria Nicole presses the grapes, leaving the skins with the must, and Dogfish co-ferments the Viognier and grains while adding the Pinot gris later in the process. In 2012, the beer went nationwide in the United States in more than 27 states from coast to coast and

5100-422: The brewer makes chicha in large amounts and uses many of these clay vats to do so. These vats break down easily and can only be used a few times. The brewers can arrange their vessels in rows, with fires in the middle, to reduce heat loss. The process for making chicha is essentially the same as the process for the production of malted barley beer. It is traditionally made with Jora corn, a type of malted corn from

5202-517: The brewery's efforts to make chicha beer, a traditional Latin American beverage made from maize, which requires chewing the corn and spitting it in a communal pot. In 2020 the brewery began producing hand sanitiser in response to the COVID-19 pandemic . Dogfish Head's best-selling product is its line of India Pale Ales (IPAs), which are offered in eight varieties: The longer hops are boiled,

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5304-614: The central plaza. The chicha cascaded down this “gullet of the Sun God” to the Temple of Sun, as awestruck spectators watched the high god quaff the precious brew. At most festivals, ordinary people participated in days of prodigious drinking after the main feast, as the Spanish looked on aghast at the drunkenness. Human sacrifices first had to be rubbed in the dregs of chicha, and then tube-fed with more chicha for days while lying buried alive in tombs. Special sacred places, scattered throughout

5406-608: The city has many wealthier neighborhoods that were designed with smart growth techniques and embrace New Urbanism . These include the Kentlands community, the Lakelands community, and the Washingtonian Center (better known as Rio), a shopping/business district. Two New Urbanism communities are under construction, including Watkins Mill Town Center (Casey East and West), and the massive "Science City" . The state has

5508-545: The city include IBM , Lockheed Martin Information Systems and Global Services business area headquarters, AstraZeneca . Gaithersburg is also the location of the garrison of the United States Army Reserve Legal Command . Gaithersburg is noted for its ethnic and economic diversity; it was ranked second for ethnic diversity among the 501 largest U.S. cities, and first among smaller U.S. cities, by WalletHub in 2021. In 2023, Wallethub announced that Gaithersburg

5610-484: The city of Gaithersburg and their directors include: The following Montgomery County Public Schools are located in Gaithersburg: Gaithersburg is primarily served by the Washington, D.C. media market . Being a city, Gaithersburg also has its own police department, which was created in 1963. The most prominent highways serving Gaithersburg are Interstate 270 and Interstate 370 . I-270

5712-542: The city. When the railroad was built through town in 1873, the new station was called Gaithersburg, an officially recognized name for the community for the first time. Also in 1873 the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad constructed a station at Gaithersburg, designed by Ephraim Francis Baldwin as part of his well-known series of Victorian stations in Maryland. Rapid growth occurred shortly thereafter, and on April 5, 1878,

5814-488: The city. The population density was 5,216.2 inhabitants per square mile (2,014.0/km ). There were 20,674 housing units at an average density of 2,049.7 per square mile (791.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city is 34.7% White , 19.5% Black or African American , 0.2% Native American , 13.9% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 3.6% from other races , and 3.2% from two or more races. 24.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 34.3% of Gaithersburg's population

5916-415: The context of feasts and festivals , which are valuable contexts for strengthening social and cultural connections. The production and consumption of chicha contributes to social organization and can affect social status. Chicha consumption included its use in rites of passage for indigenous peoples such as the Incas . Chicha was important in ceremonies for adolescent boys coming of age, especially for

6018-443: The corn and the brewing of the drink, the chicha is then sieved. Traditionally, it is sieved through a large cloth. This is to separate the corn from the desired chicha. In some cultures, instead of germinating the maize to release the starches therein, the maize is ground, moistened by saliva in the chicha maker's mouth, and formed into small balls, which are then flattened and laid out to dry. Naturally occurring ptyalin enzymes in

6120-664: The council. The day-to-day administration of the city is overseen by a career city manager . The city's current mayor is Jud Ashman, who has held the office since 2014. On October 6, 2014, the Gaithersburg City Council selected city council member Jud Ashman to serve as mayor until the next City of Gaithersburg election in November 2015, replacing resigning mayor Sidney Katz . Ashman was re-elected in November 2015 and would be re-elected to full terms in 2017 and 2021. Previous mayors include: The departments of

6222-563: The degree of liquor desired. Chicha was outlawed in Colombia in 1949 and remains formally illegal, but brewing continued underground and the drink is openly available in some areas. A major chicha beer festival, Yamor , is held in early September in Otavalo . It has its roots in the 1970s, when the locals decided to revive an ancient tradition of marking the maize harvest before the September equinox. These locals spoke Quechua, and "Yamor"

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6324-482: The drink in his hand, spilled it which greatly angered my uncle. And after that, the two Spaniards showed my uncle a letter, or book, or something, saying that this was the inscription of God and the King and my uncle, as he felt offended by the spilling of the chicha, took the letter and knocked to the ground saying: I don't know what you have given me. Go on, leave." Another instance like this occurred between Atawallpa and

6426-460: The empire, and mummies of previous kings and ancestors were ritually bathed in maize flour and presented with chicha offerings, to the accompaniment of dancing and panpipe music. Even today, Peruvians sprinkle some chicha to “mother earth” from the communal cup when they sit down together to drink; the cup then proceeds in the order of each drinker's social status, as an unending succession of toasts are offered. In Venezuela chicha or chicha de arroz

6528-423: The exchanging of services, and the Inca distributing items out to the people that work for him. Chicha that was produced by men along the coastline in order to trade or present to their Inca . This differed from the women that were producing the chicha inland because they were doing so for community gathers and other important ceremonies. Relationships were important in the Inca community and good relations with

6630-616: The film Body of Lies were filmed in the city, at a building on 100 Edison Park Drive. The film was released in 2008 and the building is now the Montgomery County Police Department 's headquarters. On July 16, 2010, Gaithersburg was part of the area where a 3.6 magnitude earthquake was felt, one of the strongest to occur in Maryland. After years of decline and loss of tenants, including three of its four anchor stores in 2019, Lakeforest Mall closed on March 31, 2023, with plans to demolish it and redevelop

6732-440: The following day it is ground and placed in water, red food coloring is added, and the whole mixture is cooked. Once cooled, sugar and more water is added. On the following day, one adds further water, sugar and flavoring. Although fermented chicha is available, the unfermented type is the most common. In Panama, chicha can simply mean "fruit drink". Unfermented chicha often is called batido , another name for any drink containing

6834-432: The interiors of Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, and Brazil), chicha is usually made from cassava, but also cooking plantain is known to be used. Traditionally, the women chew the washed and peeled cassava and spit the juice into a bowl. Cassava root is very starchy, and therefore the enzymes in the preparer's saliva rapidly convert the starch to simple sugar, which is further converted by wild yeast or bacteria into alcohol. After

6936-472: The invitee. In this way, the drinking of chicha via qeros cemented relationships of power and alliances between people and groups. Chicha can be mixed with Coca Sek , a Colombian beverage made from coca leaf. There are a number of regional varieties of chicha, which can be roughly divided into lowland (Amazonia) and highland varieties, of which there are many. Throughout the Amazon Basin (including

7038-438: The juice has fermented in the bowl for a few hours, the result will be mildly sweet and sour chicha, similar in appearance to defatted milk. In Colombian Amazonia, the drink is called masato . It is traditional for families to offer chicha to arriving guests. Children are offered new chicha that has not fermented, whereas adults are offered fermented chicha; the most highly fermented chicha, with its significant alcohol content,

7140-456: The landmark IBM Headquarters complex built on the then-new I-270 Interstate "Industrial", now "Technology", Corridor in the late 1960s to the 1970s. Benjamin Gaither married Henry's daughter Margaret, and Benjamin and Margaret inherited a portion of Henry's land prior to Henry's death in 1807. Gaither built his home on the land in 1802. By the 1850s the area had ceased to be called Log Town and

7242-474: The local schools, with Gaithersburg High School and Watkins Mill High School having two of the most diverse student bodies in the region. During a 1997 rainstorm, the 295-year-old forest oak tree that gave its name to the Forest Oak Post Office crashed down. The tree served as the inspiration for the city's logo, which is also featured prominently on the city's flag. In 2007, parts of

7344-551: The maker's saliva catalyses the breakdown of starch in the maize into maltose . This process of chewing grains or other starches was used in the production of alcoholic beverages in pre-modern cultures around the world, including, for example, sake in Japan. Chicha prepared in this manner is known as chicha de muko . Chicha morada is a non-fermented chicha usually made from ears of purple maize ( maíz morado ), which are boiled with pineapple rind, cinnamon, and cloves. This gives

7446-529: The merged companies. Dogfish Head tends to produce experimental or "extreme" beers, such as the tongue-in-cheek "Liquor de Malt", a bottle-conditioned malt liquor , which typically comes in a Dogfish Head brown paper bag. Dogfish Head products often use non-standard ingredients, such as green raisins in Raison D'Être ale. Some beers, including the WorldWide Stout , 120 Minute India Pale Ale , and

7548-462: The more hop isomerization takes place, and the more bitterness is imparted to the beer. The 60 Minute is described by the company as "a session IPA brewed with Warrior, Amarillo and Simcoe" and rated at 60 IBUs. Dogfish Head introduced a device in 2003 jokingly called Randall the Enamel Animal, an "organoleptic hop transducer module" which "Randallizes" a given beer by passing the beer through

7650-462: The population (8.3% Salvadoran, 2% Honduran, 1.9% Mexican, 1.9% Peruvian, 1.7% Guatemalan). There were 22,000 households, of which 37.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 33.9% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who

7752-475: The population grew, with homes spreading throughout the area, Gaithersburg began taking on a suburban and semi-urban feel, leaving its farming roots behind. During the late 1990s and 2000s, it had become one of the most economically and ethnically diverse areas in the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area as well as the State of Maryland , with people from all walks of life calling Gaithersburg home. This can be seen in

7854-498: The roof-top brewpub being constructed at Mario Batali 's Eataly project in New York City. They had originally planned on collaborating with 3 other breweries – Russian River Brewing Company , as well as Birrificio Baladin and Birra del Borgo, both from Italy, but Russian River Brewing Company withdrew. They aim to craft rustic, artisanal beers that will pair directly with food served at the restaurant. The beers were brewed in

7956-422: The size, shape, and physical properties of the earth; and to aid the space program through the precise navigational patterns of orbiting satellites. The Gaithersburg station operated until 1982 when computerization rendered the manual observation obsolete. In 1968, Gaithersburg was upgraded from a town to a city. Gaithersburg remained a predominantly rural farm town until the 1970s when more construction began. As

8058-468: The smallest microbrewery in the United States, with Calagoione starting with three very small kegs with propane burners beneath them. Dogfish Head's brewery in Rehoboth, Delaware, originally produced only 10 gallons of beer per day when it opened in June 1995. By 2018, Dogfish Head had become one of America's largest and most well-known breweries, producing around 15,000 gallons of beer per day. In 2019, Calagione had informal talks with Jim Koch, co-founder of

8160-422: The sons of Inca nobility . Young men would get their adult names in ceremonies using chicha. One thing that these boys did was to go on a pilgrimage to mountains such as Huanacauri that had significant meaning. Boys did this about a month before a ceremony honoring maturation . After the pilgrimage, the boys chewed maize to make the chicha they would drink at the end of the month-long ceremony. One activity

8262-486: The state of Delaware, Dogfish Head became one of the most profitable microbreweries in the United States. As of 2017 it distributed its beer in 38 states, the most recent being Louisiana. Calagione sources ingredients from around the world. Dogfish Head has become one of the most watched and well-respected breweries in the country thanks in large part to Calagione's unconventional brewing methods. These ingredients made it possible for his company to grow. The company used to be

8364-485: The step of heating hot rocks over a fire and using them to boil the wort. They departed from the traditional recipe, however, with the creative inclusion of Maya Tea Company's Original Chai tea in their brew, resulting in a rich, malty, and lightly spiced brew. Source: Dogfish Head Brewery – The Brews Dogfish Head also operates a microdistillery at the Rehoboth Beach brewpub. Spirits are hand-distilled in

8466-471: The techniques of brewing chicha in Aqlla Wasi (feminine schools). Chicherias ( chicha taverns ) were places to consume chicha . Many have historically been unlicensed, home-based businesses that produce chicha on site. Normally sold in large caporal (1/2 liter) glasses to be drunk on location, or by liter, if taken home, chicha is generally sold straight from the earthenware chomba where it

8568-460: The time of discovery Midas Touch Golden Elixir was the oldest fermented beverage recipe discovered. Dogfish Head brewery still today holds the record with a 9,000 yr old recipe used for Chateau Jiahu, which was released in July 2007. The ingredients for the original 7.5% ABV recipe in 2001 included yellow muscat grapes, lightly toasted 2-row barley malt, thyme, honey and saffron. The ingredients for

8670-477: The top employers in the city are: Gaithersburg also receives significant income from its conference organization platform including prominent conferences such as the CHI 84 conference. Patton Electronics was founded in Gaithersburg during 1984. Gaithersburg has an elected, five-member City Council, which serves as the legislative body of the city. The mayor, who is also elected, serves as non-voting president of

8772-454: The town was officially incorporated as the Town of Gaithersburg. Gaithersburg boomed during the late 19th century and churches, schools, a mill, grain elevators , stores, and hotels were built. Much of this development focused around the railroad station. In 1899, Gaithersburg was selected as one of six global locations for the construction of an International Latitude Observatory as part of

8874-407: The town. The racial makeup of the town was 33% White, 13% Black, 15% Asian, and 1% from other races. Hispanic people of any race were 36% of the population. The median household income was 95,453, and 6% of people were under the poverty line. The average time to work was 30 minutes, 57% of people drove alone, 11% carpooled, 8% took public transit, 1% biked, 2% walked and 20% work from home. As of

8976-418: The year's special beer, Dogfish Head (like most other breweries) bring specially-altered version of normal beers such as 120 minute IPA pressurized through whole-leaf hops, Red & White pressurized through orange peels, and World Wide Stout pressurized through espresso beans in 2010. Gaithersburg, Maryland Gaithersburg ( / ˈ ɡ eɪ θ ər z b ɜːr ɡ / GAY -thərz-burg )

9078-498: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.24. The median age in the city was 35.1 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 33.8% were from 25 to 44; 24.6% were from 45 to 64; and 9.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% females. As of the census of 2000, there were 52,613 people, 19,621 households, and 12,577 families residing in

9180-427: Was back in the number one spot for diversity in the U.S. Gaithersburg was settled in 1765 as a small agricultural settlement known as Log Town near the present day Summit Hall on Ralph Crabb's 1725 land grant "Deer Park". The northern portion of the land grant was purchased by Henry Brookes, and he built his brick home "Montpelier" there, starting first with a log cabin in 1780/3. This 1,000-acre tract became part of

9282-665: Was brewed. On the Northern coast of Peru, it is often served in a dried gourd known as a Poto while in the Peruvian Andes it is often served in a qero. Qeros are traditionally made from wood with intricate designs carved on the outside. In colonial times qeros transitioned to be painted with figurative depictions on the exterior instead of carving. Some qeros were also made of metals and many are now made of glass. Inca leaders used identical pairs of qeros to extend invitations to drink. These invitations represented an indebtedness upon

9384-451: Was consumed in great quantities during and after the work of harvesting, making for a festive mood of singing, dancing, and joking. Chicha was offered to gods and ancestors, much like other fermented beverages around the world were. For example, at the Incan capital of Cuzco, the king poured chicha into a gold bowl at the navel of the universe, an ornamental stone dais with throne and pillar, in

9486-484: Was extracted from their family-homes and taken to the acllahuasi or "House of the Chosen Women". These women were dedicated to Inca religion , weaving, cooking and chicha- brewing . Much of the chicha they brewed would go to ceremonies, or when the community would get together to worship their god. They started the chicha process by chewing maize to create mushy texture that would be fermented . The product of

9588-409: Was foreign-born. There were 19,621 households, out of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and

9690-511: Was known to inhabitants as Gaithersburg. The Forest Oak Post Office, named for a large tree in the town, was located in Gaither's store in 1851. On July 10, 1864, using the route of present-day 355, over 10,000 Confederate troops camped overnight in the area, including the present Bohrer Park, after a one-day march from Frederick after the Battle of Monocacy . The next day the troops continued towards Washington in an unsuccessful attempt to take

9792-414: Was left unknown for 40 years. In 1997, molecular archeologist Dr. Patrick McGovern received a phone call from a former student of his informing him of a residue on clay jars from the tomb of King Midas . Dr. McGovern quickly did chemical analysis finding all aspects of the drink except for the spicing agent but made an assumption of saffron due to regional availability. In March 2000, Calagione attended

9894-410: Was received with critical acclaim. In 2009, the Dogfish Head team began experimenting to produce their own version of the traditional Finnish-style beer called sahti . Traditional sahti is brewed with a variety of grains, malted and unmalted, including barley, rye, wheat, and oats; then flavored with juniper berries in addition to, or instead of, hops. The old-school style of brewing sahti also includes

9996-512: Was running down the side of a mountain to get a kero of chicha given to them by young women in order to encourage them. The use of chicha can also be seen when looking at women who lived during the Incas reign before the arrival of the Spanish. Women were important to the community of the Incas. There was a select group of women that would receive formal instruction, these women were the aclla , also known as "Chosen Women". This group of women

10098-557: Was sold in the nearby city of Valdivia . With the introduction of beer by the German settlers who arrived in the second half of the 19th century the chicha production in Máfil declined and is now done by few and mostly for consumption within the family. In Bogotá, the capital of present-day Colombia, the recipe is simple; cooked maize is ground with black panela in a large pot. The mix is let to ferment for seven to eight days depending on

10200-415: Was taken seriously where the maize fields would be located. "Agricultural rituals linked the production of maize to the liquid transfer of power in society with chicha." The ability to plant maize showed an important social role someone had amongst their community. Due to the significance of planting maize, the state would probably be in charge of these farms. The significance of drinking chicha together as

10302-417: Was the name for chicha. The festival includes bands, parades, fireworks, and chicha sampling. In El Salvador, chicha usually refers to an alcoholic drink made with maize, panela , and pineapple. It is used as a drink and also as an ingredient on many traditional dishes, such as gallo en chicha , a local version of coq au vin . A non-alcoholic version usually named fresco de chicha (chicha soft drink)

10404-498: Was the precursor to I-270 and follows a parallel route. It now serves as the main commercial roadway through Gaithersburg and neighboring communities. Other state highways serving Gaithersburg include Maryland Route 117 , Maryland Route 119 and Maryland Route 124 . Maryland Route 28 passes just outside the Gaithersburg corporate limits. Gaithersburg is connected to the Washington Metro via Shady Grove station , which

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