The Dachau Palace is a former residence of the rulers of Bavaria at Dachau , southern Germany .
30-575: The castle was constructed around 1100 as a castle by the cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach . In 1182, the last Count of Dachau, Konrad III , died without issue and Duke Otto I of Bavaria took possession of it shortly thereafter. The original castle was demolished between 1398 and 1403. In 1467, Sigismund, Duke of Bavaria resigned his rule of Bavaria-Munich and then kept only the new duchy of Bavaria-Dachau as his domain until his death in 1501. William IV of Bavaria and his son Albert V ordered
60-400: A state legal default of inheritance by primogeniture, younger brothers sometimes vied with older brothers to be chosen as their father's heir or, after the choice was made, sought to usurp the elder's birthright. In such cases, primary responsibility for promoting the family's prestige, aggrandizement, and fortune fell upon the senior branch for future generations. A cadet, having less means,
90-567: A cadet branch of Mecklenburg and Lippe(-Biesterfeld). In the Commonwealth realms, the male-line descendants of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh are cadet members of the House of Glücksburg . It was a risk that cadet branches maintaining legal heirs could sink in status because shrunken wealth that was too meagre to survive the shifting political upheavals (legal mechanisms in factionalism or revolution of attainder , capital offences and show trials ) as much as unpopularity or distance from
120-446: A compound of πατριά ( patria ), meaning "family", and ἄρχειν ( archein ), meaning "to rule". Originally, a patriarch was a man who exercised autocratic authority as a pater familias over an extended family . The system of such rule of families by senior males is termed patriarchy . Historically, a patriarch has often been the logical choice to act as ethnarch of the community identified with his religious confession within
150-417: A father to his firstborn son in what is known as primogeniture ; younger sons, the cadets, inherited less wealth and authority (such as a small appenage ) to pass on to future generations of descendants. In families and cultures in which that was not the custom or law, such as the feudal Holy Roman Empire , the equal distribution of the family's holdings among male members was eventually apt to so fragment
180-602: A number of reasons. Since the Council of Nicaea , the bishop of Rome has been recognized as the first among patriarchs. That council designated three bishops with this 'supra-Metropolitan' title: Rome, Alexandria, and Antioch. In the Pentarchy formulated by Justinian I (527–565), the emperor assigned as a patriarchate to the Bishop of Rome the whole of Christianized Europe (including almost all of modern Greece ), except for
210-461: A redesign in Baroque style by Joseph Effner . The 60 wrought-iron parapet grilles on the facades have always been an essential accessory. The metalwork in six different gives the magnificent facade its final touch. They were commissioned by Elector Max Emanuel and produced by Antoine Motté between 1724 and 1725. The design is attributed to Joseph Effner, while the models for the castings were made by
240-530: A state or empire of a different creed (such as Christians within the Ottoman Empire ). The term developed an ecclesiastical meaning within Christianity . The office and the ecclesiastical circumscription of a Christian patriarch is termed a patriarchate . Abraham , Isaac , and Jacob are referred to as the three patriarchs of the people of Israel , and the period during which they lived
270-469: Is awaiting resurrection. 48°15′29″N 11°25′59″E / 48.25806°N 11.43306°E / 48.25806; 11.43306 Cadet branch A cadet branch consists of the male-line descendants of a monarch 's or patriarch 's younger sons ( cadets ). In the ruling dynasties and noble families of much of Europe and Asia , the family's major assets ( realm , titles , fiefs , property and income) have historically been passed from
300-597: Is granted purely as an honour for various historical reasons. They take precedence after the heads of autonomous churches in full communion, whether pope, patriarch, or major archbishop. The pope can confer the rank of patriarch without any see, upon an individual archbishop, as happened on 24 February 1676 to Alessandro Crescenzi , of the Somascans , former Latin Titular Patriarch of Alexandria (19 January 1671 – retired 27 May 1675), who nevertheless resigned
330-550: Is open to visitors and the Banqueting Hall can be booked for special events. It is also used as a venue for classical concerts. The stairwell , same as the west facade of 1715 are built in the Régence style . The main sight of the palace is the banqueting hall with its coffered Renaissance ceiling, designed and created between 1564 and 1566 by Hans Wisreutter , which was restored to the palace in 1977. The view from
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#1732786566449360-638: Is termed the Patriarchal Age . The word patriarch originally acquired its religious meaning in the Septuagint version of the Bible . In the Catholic Church , the bishop who is head of a particular autonomous church , known in canon law as a church sui iuris , is ordinarily a patriarch, though this responsibility can be entrusted to a major archbishop, metropolitan, or other prelate for
390-639: The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (1890). In other cases, a junior branch came to eclipse more senior lines in rank and power, e.g. the Electors and Kings of Saxony who were a younger branch of the House of Wettin than the Grand Dukes of Saxe-Weimar . A still more junior branch of the Wettins , headed by the rulers of the small Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , would, through diplomacy or marriage in
420-618: The Hussite Church , Church of the East , and some Independent Catholic Churches are termed patriarchs (and in certain cases also popes – such as the Pope of Rome or Pope of Alexandria , and catholicoi – such as Catholicos Karekin II , and Baselios Thomas I Catholicos of the East ). The word is derived from Greek πατριάρχης ( patriarchēs ), meaning "chief or father of a family",
450-680: The Latin Church , for which "the West" is an equivalent, has been organized as a number of episcopal conferences and their international groupings. The title was reintroduced in the 2024 edition of Annuario Pontificio . No explanation was provided for its reintroduction. As the "Patriarch of the West", the pope issues the Code of Canon Law for the Latin Church. During the Synod of Bishops on
480-564: The Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity offered an explanation for the decision to remove the title. It stated that the title "Patriarch of the West" had become "obsolete and practically unusable" when the term the West comprises Australia, New Zealand and North America in addition to Western Europe, and that it was "pointless to insist on maintaining it" given that, since the Second Vatican Council ,
510-533: The 19th and 20th centuries, obtain or consort and sire the royal crowns of, successively, Belgium , Portugal , Bulgaria and the Commonwealth realms . Also, marriage to cadet males of the Houses of Oldenburg (Holstein-Gottorp), Polignac , and Bourbon-Parma brought those dynasties patrilineally to the thrones of Russia , Monaco , and Luxembourg, respectively. The Dutch royal house has, at different times, been
540-651: The Flemish sculptor Guillielmus de Grof . Only the south-west wing is extant; King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria ordered the other 3 wings to be demolished in the early 19th century. They had suffered extensive damage at the hands of the Napoleonic troops. The Palace is managed by the Bavarian Administration of State-owned Palaces, an administrative department of the Free State of Bavaria. It
570-693: The Middle East in 2009, Pope Benedict XVI appeared, as patriarch of the Latin Church, with the other patriarchs, but without the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem , though he was present at the same synod. Catholicose of the East is the title that held by the ecclesiastical heads of the Church of the East , which is now divided into: The title of "Patriarch" is assumed also by for leaders and church officers of certain Christian denominations , including some of
600-595: The construction of a Renaissance style four-wing palace with a court garden on the site of the old castle. The new building was designed by Heinrich Schöttl ; construction began in 1546 and was completed in 1577. It later became the favoured residence of the rulers of Bavaria . Also, close to Dachau Palace was the Schleissheim Palace that started out with a Renaissance country house (1598) and hermitage founded by William V, Duke of Bavaria . In 1715, Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria commissioned
630-715: The crown of the senior line, e.g. the Bourbon Counts of Vendôme mounted the throne of France (after civil war) in 1593; the House of Savoy-Carignan succeeded to the kingdoms of Sardinia (1831) and Italy (1861); the Counts Palatine of Zweibrücken obtained the Palatine Electorate of the Rhine (1799) and the Kingdom of Bavaria (1806); and a deposed Duke of Nassau was restored to sovereignty in
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#1732786566449660-679: The following: In the Latter Day Saint movement , a patriarch is one who has been ordained to the office of patriarch in the Melchizedek priesthood . The term is considered synonymous with the term evangelist , a term favored by the Community of Christ . In the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , one of the patriarch's primary responsibilities is to give patriarchal blessings , as Jacob did to his twelve sons according to
690-436: The inheritance as to render it too small to sustain the descendants at the socio-economic level of their forefather. Moreover, brothers and their descendants sometimes quarreled over their allocations, or even became estranged. While agnatic primogeniture became a common way of keeping the family's wealth intact and reducing familial disputes, it did so at the expense of younger sons and their descendants. Both before and after
720-553: The region of Thrace , the areas near Constantinople , and along the coast of the Black Sea. He included in this patriarchate also the western part of North Africa. The jurisdictions of the other patriarchates extended over Roman Asia, and the rest of Africa. Justinian's system was given formal ecclesiastical recognition by the Quinisext Council of 692, which the see of Rome has, however, not recognized. There were at
750-500: The reigning line. Patriarch Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches de jure : Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches: Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church: Semi-Autonomous: The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy , Oriental Orthodoxy , the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate ),
780-748: The time bishops of other apostolic sees that operated with patriarchal authority beyond the borders of the Roman Empire, such as the Catholicos of Selucia-Ctesephon . Today, the patriarchal heads of Catholic autonomous churches are: Four more of the Eastern Catholic Churches are headed by a prelate known as a " Major Archbishop ," a title essentially equivalent to that of Patriarch and originally created by Pope Paul VI in 1963 for Josyf Slipyj . Minor patriarchs do not have jurisdiction over other metropolitan bishops. The title
810-462: The title on 9 January 1682. In theological and other scholarly literature of the Early Modern period, the title " Patriarch of the West " ( Latin : Patriarcha Occidentis ; Greek : Πατριάρχης τῆς Δύσεως) was mainly used as designation for the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome over the Latin Church in the West. The title was not included in the 2006 Annuario Pontificio . On 22 March 2006,
840-587: The top of the Schlossberg overlooks Munich and extends to the Bavarian Alps . The court garden was created from the 1572 in order to enjoy the remarkable view from the Schlossberg, several pavilions were built, of which three are still preserved. Comparable with the vineyard and famous Sanssouci Palace , were the "hanging gardens" of the Schlossberg: terraces with precious espalier fruits. For
870-456: The upper part of the parterres a still existing balcony of lime trees was created. Joseph Effner re-designed together with his brother Johann Christoph Effner also the garden in Baroque style in 1717. As a representative of an enlightened absolutism, Elector Max III. Joseph ordered already in 1765 to develop an English landscape garden. Today, the lower part of the garden has been abandoned and
900-440: Was not expected to produce a family. If a cadet chose to raise a family, its members were expected to maintain the family's social status by avoiding derogation , but could pursue endeavors too demeaning or too risky for the senior branch, such as emigration to another sovereign's realm, engagement in commerce, or a profession such as law, religion, academia, military service or government office. Some cadet branches came to inherit
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