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51-610: Besides Matisse and Derain, other artists included Robert Deborne , Albert Marquet , Charles Camoin , Bela Czobel , Louis Valtat , Jean Puy , Maurice de Vlaminck , Henri Manguin , Raoul Dufy , Othon Friesz , Adolphe Wansart , Georges Rouault , Jean Metzinger , Kees van Dongen , Émilie Charmy and Georges Braque (subsequently Picasso's partner in Cubism ). The paintings of the Fauves were characterized by seemingly wild brush work and strident colors, while their subject matter had

102-768: A high degree of simplification and abstraction . Fauvism can be classified as an extreme development of Van Gogh 's Post-Impressionism fused with the pointillism of Seurat and other Neo-Impressionist painters, in particular Paul Signac . Other key influences were Paul Cézanne and Paul Gauguin , whose employment of areas of saturated color—notably in paintings from Tahiti—strongly influenced Derain's work at Collioure in 1905. In 1888 Gauguin had said to Paul Sérusier : "How do you see these trees? They are yellow. So, put in yellow; this shadow, rather blue, paint it with pure ultramarine ; these red leaves? Put in vermilion ." Fauvism has been compared to Expressionism , both in its use of pure color and unconstrained brushwork. Some of

153-606: A major role in the history of modern art. Paul Signac discovered this light-filled place that inspired painters such as Matisse , Pierre Bonnard and Albert Marquet to come to Saint-Tropez. The painting styles of pointillism and fauvism emerged in Saint-Tropez. Saint-Tropez was also attractive for the next generation of painters: Bernard Buffet , David Hockney , Massimo Campigli and Donald Sultan lived and worked there. Today, Stefan Szczesny continues this tradition. The contemporary artist Philippe Shangti imagined

204-527: A mysterious explosion. The motto of Saint-Tropez is Ad usque fidelis , Latin for "faithful to the end". After the Dark Age of plundering the French Riviera, Raphaël de Garesio landed in Saint-Tropez on 14 February 1470, with 22 men, simple peasants or sailors who had left the overcrowded Italian Riviera. They rebuilt and repopulated the area, and in exchange were granted by a representative of

255-412: A three-masted ship of 740 barrels capacity), was built at Saint-Tropez. Its role as a commercial port declined, and it is now primarily a tourist spot and a base for many well-known sail regattas. There is fast boat transportation with Les Bateaux Verts to Sainte-Maxime on the other side of the bay and to Port Grimaud , Marines de Cogolin, Les Issambres and St-Aygulf. Les Bravades de Saint-Tropez

306-616: Is a commune in the Var department and the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur , Southern France . It is 68 kilometres (42 miles) west of Nice and 100 kilometres (62 miles) east of Marseille , on the French Riviera , of which it is one of the best-known towns. In 2018, Saint-Tropez had a population of 4,103. The adjacent narrow body of water is the Gulf of Saint-Tropez (French: Golfe de Saint-Tropez ), stretching to Sainte-Maxime to

357-517: Is a bus station in Saint-Tropez called the Gare routière de Saint-Tropez , located in Place Blanqui. It is operated by Var department transport division Varlib  [ fr ] , which employs other transport companies to operate routes. There are taxi services, including from Nice airport to Saint-Tropez, but they are expensive because of the long distances and the area's wealth. In

408-465: Is an annual celebration held in the middle of May when people of the town celebrate their patron saint, Torpes of Pisa , and their military achievements. One of the oldest traditions of Provence , it has been held for more than 450 years since the citizens of Saint-Tropez were first given special permission to form a militia to protect the town from the Barbary pirates . During the three-day celebration,

459-807: Is an obvious choice for trips around town and to the Tropezian beaches. The town has health facilities, a cinema, a library, an outdoor center and a recreation center for youth. Schools include: École maternelle ( kindergarten – preschool ) – l'Escouleto, écoles primaires ( primary schools – primary education ): Louis Blanc and Les Lauriers, collège d'enseignement secondaire ( secondary school , high school – secondary education ) – Moulin Blanc. There are more than 1,000 students distributed among kindergartens, primary schools and one high school. In 2011, there were 275 students in high school and 51 people employed there, of whom 23 were teachers. Saint-Tropez plays

510-613: Is closely related to Paul Cézanne 's Bathers , a series that would soon become a source of inspiration for Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon . The elected members of the hanging committee included Matisse, Signac and Metzinger. The third group exhibition of the Fauves occurred at the Salon d'Automne of 1906, held from 6 October to 15 November. Metzinger exhibited his Fauvist/Divisionist Portrait of M. Robert Delaunay (no. 1191) and Robert Delaunay exhibited his painting L'homme à la tulipe (Portrait of M. Jean Metzinger) (no. 420 of

561-462: Is located approximately 158 kilometres from Saint-Tropez. By land There is no rail station in Saint-Tropez. The nearest station is Saint-Raphaël-Valescure , located in Saint-Raphaël (39 km (24 mi) from Saint-Tropez), which also offers a boat service to Saint-Tropez. There is also direct bus service to Saint-Tropez, and the rail station is connected with bus station. There

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612-517: Is no airport in Saint-Tropez, but there is a charter service to and from clubs, the town and Tropezian beaches by helicopter. The nearest airport is La Môle – Saint-Tropez Airport located in La Môle , 15 km (9 mi) (8 NM) southwest of Saint-Tropez. Other main airports are Nice Côte d'Azur Airport located approximately 95 kilometers and Toulon–Hyères Airport located approximately 52 kilomters from Saint-Tropez. Marseille Provence Airport

663-501: The Salon des Indépendants in the spring of 1905. Following the Salon d'Automne of 1905, which marked the beginning of Fauvism, the Salon des Indépendants of 1906 marked the first time all the Fauves would exhibit together. The centerpiece of the exhibition was Matisse's monumental Le Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life). Critics were horrified by its flatness, bright colors, eclectic style and mixed technique. The triangular composition

714-644: The Yé-yé movement in music. It later became a resort for the European and American jet set and tourists. In 599 BC, the Phocaeans from Ionia founded Massilia (present-day Marseille ) and established other coastal mooring sites in the area. Through the writings of Roman historian and military commander Pliny the Elder , it was found that Saint-Tropez was known in ancient times as Athenopolis and that it belonged to

765-407: The "good king", Jean de Cossa, Baron of Grimaud and Seneschal of Provence, various privileges, including some previously reserved exclusively for lords, such as exemptions from taxes status and the right to bear arms. About ten years later, a great wall with towers stood watch to protect the new houses from sea and land attack; some 60 families formed the new community. On 19 July 1479, the new Home Act

816-430: The 1890s, and was viewed by critics as the group's philosophical leader until Matisse was recognized as such in 1904. Moreau's broad-mindedness, originality and affirmation of the expressive potency of pure color was inspirational for his students. Matisse said of him, "He did not set us on the right roads, but off the roads. He disturbed our complacency." This source of empathy was taken away with Moreau's death in 1898, but

867-538: The 1950s, Saint-Tropez became internationally renowned as the setting for such films as And God Created Woman , which starred French actress Brigitte Bardot . In May 1965, an Aérospatiale Super Frelon pre-production aircraft crashed in the gulf, killing its pilot. On 4 March 1970, the French submarine Eurydice , with its home port as Saint-Tropez, disappeared in the Mediterranean with 57 crew aboard after

918-476: The Fauves were among the first avant-garde artists to collect and study African and Oceanic art, alongside other forms of non-Western and folk art, leading several Fauves toward the development of Cubism . Gustave Moreau was the movement's inspirational teacher; a controversial professor at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and a Symbolist painter , he taught Matisse, Marquet, Manguin, Rouault, and Camoin during

969-677: The Genoan could build city walls and two large towers, which still stand: one tower is at the end of the Grand Môle and the other is at the entrance to the Ponche. The city became a small republic with its own fleet and army and was administered by two consuls and 12 elected councillors. In 1558, the city's captain Honorat Coste was empowered to protect the city. The captain led a militia and mercenaries who successfully resisted attacks by

1020-615: The Massilians. In 31 BC, the Romans invaded the region. Their citizens built many opulent villas in the area, including one known as the "Villa des Platanes" (Villa of the Plane Trees ). The closest settlement to Saint-Tropez in antiquity is attested as Heraclea-Caccabaria, today Cavalaire-sur-Mer , situated on the southern end of the peninsula, while the gulf of Saint-Tropez was called sinus Sambracitanus , which likely survives in

1071-717: The Turks and Spanish, succored Fréjus and Antibes and helped the Archbishop of Bordeaux regain control of the Lérins Islands . In 1577, the daughter of the Marquis Lord of Castellane, Genevieve de Castilla, married Jean-Baptiste de Suffren, Marquis de Saint-Cannet, Baron de La Môle , and advisor to the parliament of Provence. The lordship of Saint-Tropez became the prerogative of the De Suffren family. One of

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1122-553: The artists discovered other catalysts for their development. In 1896, Matisse, then an unknown art student, visited the artist John Russell on the island of Belle Île off the coast of Brittany . Russell was an Impressionist painter; Matisse had never previously seen an Impressionist work directly, and was so shocked at the style that he left after ten days, saying, "I couldn't stand it any more." The next year he returned as Russell's student and abandoned his earth-colored palette for bright Impressionist colors, later stating, "Russell

1173-541: The artists' discovery of contemporary avant-garde art came an appreciation of pre- Renaissance French art, which was shown in a 1904 exhibition, French Primitives . Another aesthetic influence was African sculpture, of which Vlaminck , Derain and Matisse were early collectors. Many of the Fauve characteristics first cohered in Matisse's painting, Luxe, Calme et Volupté ("Luxury, Calm and Pleasure"), which he painted in

1224-449: The beaches are naturist beaches. There are also many exclusive beach clubs that are popular among wealthy people from around the world. Saint-Tropez's Tahiti Beach, which had been popularised in the film And God Created Woman featuring Brigitte Bardot , emerged as a clothing-optional destination, but the mayor of Saint-Tropez ordered police to ban toplessness and to watch over the beach via helicopter. The "clothing fights" between

1275-543: The catalogue). Matisse exhibited his Liseuse , two still lifes ( Tapis rouge and à la statuette ), flowers and a landscape (no. 1171–1175). Robert Antoine Pinchon showed his Prairies inondées ( Saint-Étienne-du-Rouvray , près de Rouen) (no. 1367), now at the Musée de Louviers , painted in Fauvist style, with golden yellows, incandescent blues, thick impasto and larger brushstrokes. Paul Cézanne, who died during

1326-511: The city in some of their songs as a favorite vacation destination, usually reached by yacht . DJ Antoine wrote a song " Welcome to St. Tropez ". The Tony-award-winning Broadway musical La Cage aux Folles is set in a drag night club in St. Tropez. Furthermore, Bulgarian singer azis wrote a song named "Сен Тропе"(Sen Trope). Also, Romanian singer Florin Salam wrote the song (Saint Tropez). Saint Tropez

1377-414: The critic Camille Mauclair (1872–1945)—but also some favorable attention. The painting that was singled out for attacks was Matisse's Woman with a Hat ; this work's purchase by Gertrude and Leo Stein had a very positive effect on Matisse, who was suffering demoralization from the bad reception of his work. Matisse's Neo-Impressionist landscape, Luxe, Calme et Volupté , had already been exhibited at

1428-449: The design of Le Quai and L'Opera, restaurants located on the port of Saint-Tropez where he also exhibits his art collections. Centered on a specific theme, he always denounces different problems affecting society with provocative artworks. Saint-Tropez is twinned with: The most famous persons connected with Saint-Tropez include the semi-legendary martyr who gave his name to the town, Saint Torpes of Pisa ; Hasekura Tsunenaga , probably

1479-587: The existence of a manor at Saint-Tropez. From 1436, Count René I (the "good King René") tried to repopulate Provence. He created the Barony of Grimaud and appealed to the Genoan Raphael de Garezzio, a wealthy gentleman who had sent a fleet of caravels carrying 60 Genoese families to the area. In return, Count René promised to exempt the citizens from taxation. On 14 February 1470, Jean de Cossa , Baron of Grimaud and Grand Seneschal of Provence, agreed that

1530-510: The fall of the Roman Empire in the West, pirates and privateers began a hundred years of attacks and sackings. In the tenth century, the village of La Garde-Freinet was founded 15 km (9 mi) to the north of Saint-Tropez. From 890 to 972, Saint-Tropez and its surroundings became an Arab Muslim colony dominated by the nearby Saracenic settlement of Fraxinet ; in 940, Saint-Tropez

1581-600: The first Japanese in Europe, who landed in Saint-Tropez in 1615; a hero of the American Revolutionary War , Admiral Pierre André de Suffren de Saint-Tropez ; the icon of modern Saint-Tropez, Brigitte Bardot , who started the clothes-optional revolution and still lives in the Saint-Tropez area; Louis de Funès , who played the character of the gendarme (police officer) in the French comedy film series Le Gendarme de Saint-Tropez and also helped establish

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1632-533: The gendarmerie and nudists become the main topic of a famous French comedy film series, Le gendarme de Saint-Tropez ( The Troops of St. Tropez ) featuring Louis de Funès . In the end, the nudist side prevailed. Topless sunbathing is now the norm for both men and women from Pampelonne beaches to yachts in the centre of Saint-Tropez port. The Tahiti beach is now clothing-optional, but nudists often head to private nudist beaches, such as that in Cap d'Agde . The port

1683-593: The international image of Saint-Tropez as both a quiet town and a modern jet-set holiday target. The English rock band Pink Floyd wrote a song " San Tropez " after the town. Saint-Tropez was also mentioned in David Gates 's 1978 hit "Took the Last Train", Kraftwerk 's " Tour de France ", Aerosmith 's "Permanent Vacation", Taylor Swift 's " The Man ", and Beyoncé 's " Energy ". Rappers including Diddy , Jay-Z , 50 Cent , J. Cole , and Post Malone refer to

1734-536: The location for this event, or as a stop on their trip to Cannes , Marseille or Nice . The Tarte tropézienne is a traditional cake invented by a Polish confectioner who had set up shop in Saint-Tropez in the mid-1950s, and made famous by actress Brigitte Bardot . By sea The 800-berth port with two marinas hosts boats, including ferries. In the summer season, there is a ferry service between St-Tropez and Nice , Sainte-Maxime , Cannes , Saint-Raphaël . Private yachts may also be chartered. By air There

1785-643: The most notable members of this family was the later vice-admiral Pierre André de Suffren de Saint-Tropez (1729–1788), veteran of the War of the Austrian Succession , the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War . In September 1615, Saint-Tropez was visited by a delegation led by the Japanese samurai Hasekura Tsunenaga that was on its way to Rome but was forced by weather to stop in

1836-425: The name by which it became known, Fauvism . The artists shared their first exhibition at the 1905 Salon d’Automne. The group gained their name after Vauxcelles described their show of work with the phrase " Donatello chez les fauves " (" Donatello among the wild beasts"), contrasting their "orgy of pure tones" with a Renaissance -style sculpture by Albert Marque that shared the room with them. Henri Rousseau

1887-522: The north under the Massif des Maures . Saint-Tropez was a military stronghold and fishing village until the beginning of the 20th century. It was the first town on its coast to be liberated during World War II as part of Operation Dragoon . After the war, it became an internationally known seaside resort, renowned principally because of the influx of artists of the French New Wave in cinema and

1938-401: The settlement name of Les Issambres . The town owes its current name to the early Christian martyr Saint Torpes . Legend tells of his decapitation at Pisa during Nero 's reign, with his body placed in a rotten boat along with a rooster and a dog . The body purportedly landed at the present-day location of the town of Saint-Tropez. Toward the end of the ninth century, long after

1989-537: The show on 22 October, was represented by ten works. His works included Maison dans les arbres (no. 323), Portrait de Femme (no. 235) and Le Chemin tournant (no. 326). Van Dongen showed three works, Montmartre (492), Mademoiselle Léda (493) and Parisienne (494). André Derain exhibited 8 works, Westminster-Londres (438), Arbres dans un chemin creux (444) along with 5 works painted at l'Estaque . Camoin entered 5 works, Dufy 7, Friesz 4, Manguin 6, Marquet 8, Puy 10, Valtat 10, and Vlaminck

2040-492: The summer of 1904, while he was in Saint-Tropez with Paul Signac and Henri-Edmond Cross . After viewing the boldly colored canvases of Henri Matisse , André Derain , Albert Marquet , Maurice de Vlaminck , Kees van Dongen , Charles Camoin , Robert Deborne and Jean Puy at the Salon d'Automne of 1905, the critic Louis Vauxcelles disparaged the painters as " fauves " (wild beasts), thus giving their movement

2091-514: The tourist season, traffic problems may be expected on roads to Saint-Tropez, so the fastest way to travel is by scooter or bike. There is no direct highway to the village. There are three main roads to Saint-Tropez: Public transport in Saint-Tropez includes minibuses , providing shuttle service between town and Pampelonne beaches. Other means of transport include scooters, cars, bicycles and taxis. There are also helicopter services and boat trips. Because of traffic and short distances, walking

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2142-400: The town. This may have been the first contact between the French and the Japanese . The local noblemen were responsible for raising an army that repulsed a fleet of Spanish galleons on 15 June 1637; Les Bravades des Espagnols , a local religious and military celebration, commemorates this victory of the Tropezian militia . Count René's promise in 1436 to not tax the citizens of Saint-Tropez

2193-424: The various militias in costumes of the time fire their muskets into the air at traditional stops, march to the sound of bands and parade St. Torpes's bust. The townspeople also attend a mass wearing traditional Provençal costume . Each year, at the end of September, a regatta is held in the bay of Saint-Tropez ( Les Voiles de Saint-Tropez ). Many yachts are entered, some as long as 50 metres. Many tourists come to

2244-579: Was an international event. Tropezian beaches are located along the coast in the Baie de Pampelonne, which lies south of Saint-Tropez and east of Ramatuelle . Pampelonne offers a collection of beaches along its five-kilometre shore. Each beach is around 30 metres wide with its own beach hut and private or public tanning area. Many of the beaches offer windsurfing, sailing and canoeing equipment for rent, while others offer motorized water sports, such as power boats, jet bikes, water skiing and scuba diving. Some of

2295-565: Was controlled by Nasr ibn Ahmad. From 961 to 963, Adalbert , son of Berengar , the pretender to the throne of Lombardy who was pursued by Otto I , hid at Saint-Tropez. In 972, the Muslims of Saint-Tropez held Maïeul , the abbot of Cluny, for ransom. In 976, William I , Count of Provence , Lord of Grimaud , began attacking the Muslims, and in 980 he built a tower where the Suffren tower now stands. In 1079 and 1218, Papal bulls mentioned

2346-484: Was honored until 1672, when Louis XIV abrogated it as he imposed French control. The Gulf of Saint-Tropez was known as the Gulf of Grimaud until the end of the 19th century. During the 1920s, Saint-Tropez attracted famous figures from the fashion world such as Coco Chanel and Elsa Schiaparelli . During World War II , the landing on 15 August 1944 began the Allied invasion of southern France, Operation Dragoon . In

2397-417: Was my teacher, and Russell explained color theory to me." Russell had been a close friend of Vincent van Gogh and gave Matisse a Van Gogh drawing. In 1901, Maurice de Vlaminck encountered the work of Van Gogh for the first time at an exhibition, declaring soon after that he loved Van Gogh more than his own father; he started to work by squeezing paint directly onto the canvas from the tube. In parallel with

2448-520: Was not a Fauve, but his large jungle scene The Hungry Lion Throws Itself on the Antelope was exhibited near Matisse's work and may have had an influence on the pejorative used. Vauxcelles' comment was printed on 17 October 1905 in Gil Blas , a daily newspaper, and passed into popular usage. The pictures gained considerable condemnation—"A pot of paint has been flung in the face of the public", wrote

2499-666: Was represented by 7 works. Robert Deborne Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 199910289 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:49:19 GMT Saint-Tropez Saint-Tropez ( / ˌ s æ n t r oʊ ˈ p eɪ , - t r ə ˈ -/ SAN troh- PAY , -⁠ trə- , French: [sɛ̃ tʁɔpe] ; Provençal : Sant Tropetz [san(t) tʀuˈpes] )

2550-641: Was signed, "the rebirth charter of Saint-Tropez". Saint-Tropez has a hot-summer mediterranean climate with mild winters and hot summers, although daytime temperatures are somewhat moderated by its coastal position. The main economic resource of Saint-Tropez is tourism . The city is well known for the Hôtel Byblos and for Les Caves du Roy, a member of the Leading Hotels of the World ; its 1967 inauguration featuring Brigitte Bardot and Gunter Sachs

2601-471: Was widely used during the 18th century; in 1789 it was visited by 80 ships. Saint-Tropez's shipyards built tartanes and three-masted ships that could carry 1,000 to 12,200 barrels. The town was the site of various associated trades, including fishing, cork, wine and wood. The town had a school of hydrography . In 1860, the flagship of the merchant navy , named The Queen of the Angels ( La Reine des Anges ,

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